The Chilean Pampean flat slab subduction segment is characterized by the nearly horizontal subduction of the Nazca Plate within the depth range of 100-120 km.Numerous seismic tomography studies have been conducted to ...The Chilean Pampean flat slab subduction segment is characterized by the nearly horizontal subduction of the Nazca Plate within the depth range of 100-120 km.Numerous seismic tomography studies have been conducted to investigate its velocity structure;however,they have used only seismic body wave data or surface wave data.As a result,the existing velocity models in the region may have relatively large uncertainties.In this study,we use body wave arrival times from earthquakes occurring in central Chile between 2014 and 2019,as well as Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps at periods of 5-80 s from ambient noise empirical Green’s functions in Chile.By jointly using body wave arrival times and surface wave dispersion data,we refine the VS model and improve earthquake locations in the central Chile subduction zone.Compared with previous velocity models,our velocity model better reveals an eastward-dipping high-velocity plate representing the subducting Nazca Plate,which is 40-50 km thick and is more consistent with the slab thickness estimated by receiver function imaging and thermal modeling.Overall,the intraslab seismicity distribution spatially correlates well with the slab high-velocity anomalies except along the subduction paths of the CopiapóRidge and Juan Fernández Ridge.Additionally,parallel low-velocity stripes are imaged beneath the subducting plate,which are likely associated with the accumulated melts.The joint inversion velocity model also resolves widespread low-velocity anomalies in the crust beneath the Central Volcanic Zone of the central Andes,likely representing crustal magma chambers for various volcanoes.展开更多
The authors give a characterization of central bounded mean oscillation space CBMO2(Rγ) in terms of the central Carleson measure. Using this character, the authors establish the CBMO2(Rγ)-boundedness for several cla...The authors give a characterization of central bounded mean oscillation space CBMO2(Rγ) in terms of the central Carleson measure. Using this character, the authors establish the CBMO2(Rγ)-boundedness for several classes of general Littlewood-Paley operators.展开更多
Objective Eclogites are important indicators of ancient plate boundaries or paleosuture zones. Despite their great geological significance, very few investigations have been carried out in the Kunlun region. The Centr...Objective Eclogites are important indicators of ancient plate boundaries or paleosuture zones. Despite their great geological significance, very few investigations have been carried out in the Kunlun region. The Central East Kunlun fault zone was believed to be an Early Paleozoic suture zone, but there has been no reliable evidence for this, though studies on ophiolite, granite, and basic granulite indicate that the Early Paleozoic orogeny occurred in the East Kunlun. This work focused on the Dagele eclogites in Central East Kunlun to provide new constraints for the Central East Kunlun suture zone.展开更多
Long-term changes of composition, sources and burial fluxes of TOC （total organic carbon） in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area and their possible affecting factors are discussed in this paper. Firstly, si...Long-term changes of composition, sources and burial fluxes of TOC （total organic carbon） in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area and their possible affecting factors are discussed in this paper. Firstly, similarity analysis is employed to confirm that the carbon burial features resulted from two collected cores are typical in the central Yellow Sea mud area where YSWC （Yellow Sea Warm Current） is prevalent. On this basis, the burial flux of TOC here was considered to be 235.5-488.4 pmol/（cm^2.a） since the first industrial revolution, accounting for about 70%-90% among burial fluxes of TC （total carbon） in the sediments. Compared TOC/TC ratio in the two cores with that in other marine sediments worldwide, we suggest that the growth of calcareous/non-calcareous organisms and dissolution of IC （inorganic carbon） are important factors controlling the TOC/TC ratio in sediment. Results of two-end mixed model based on fi13C data indicate that marine-derived organic carbon （OCa） is the main part among total burial organic carbon which accounts for a ratio over 85%. Due to the high TOC/TC ratio in the two cores, TC in the sediments also mainly exists as OCa, and the proportion of OCa is about 60%-80%. Away from the shore and relatively high primary production in upper waters are the main reasons that OCa is predominant among all burial OC in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area. Burial of OC in this mud area is probably mainly influenced by the human activities. Although the economic development during the late 19th century caused by the first industrial revolution in China did not obviously increase the TOC burial fluxes in the sediments, the rise of industry and agriculture after the founding of new China has clearly increased the TOC burial flux since 1950s. Otherwise, we also realize that among TC burial fluxes, TIC account for about 10%-30% in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area, so its burial could not be simply ignored here. Distinct from TOC burial, long-term TIC burial fluxes variations relate with climate changes more closely： the East Asian summer monsoon may influence the strength of the Huanghe River （Yellow River） flood, which could further affect the transport of terrestrial IC from land to the central Yellow Sea as well as the burial of these IC in the sediments.展开更多
^87Sr/^86Sr, δ^18O and δ^13C ratios of calcite, dolomite, gypsum filling vugs and fissures in marine carbonates and their host rocks from the Sinian to the middle Triassic, are employed to trace the possible source ...^87Sr/^86Sr, δ^18O and δ^13C ratios of calcite, dolomite, gypsum filling vugs and fissures in marine carbonates and their host rocks from the Sinian to the middle Triassic, are employed to trace the possible source and migration path of key fluids related to development of hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon preservation condition are then discussed further. Comprehensive research, based on the paleo-fluid, the property of formation water and the deformation intensity etc., indicates that the preservation conditions in the Shizhu synclinorium zone and Fangdoushan anticlinorium zone are the most predominant in the central Yangtze. Three sets of fluid systems in the Shizhu synclinorium zone are identified. Little fluid exchange occurs between the upper-middle fluid system and the lower fluid system, so two independent preservation units have developed. Both the Permian and the Triassic in the upper preservation units and the Dengying Formation of the Sinian and the lower Cambrian in the lower preservation units have good preservation conditions. The preservation condition in the lower association （Z-S） located in the Huaguoping synclinorium zone in the western Hubei and Hunan is better than that in other tectonic units, where the fluids in the lower association migrated vertically across strata when the fluid isolating intervals were destroyed, the regional seals are absent and the conditions for the preservation of hydrocarbon accumulations are totally destroyed. The preservation condition is increasingly more favorable from the western Jiangxi and Hunan to the western Hubei ＆ eastern Chongqing on the whole.展开更多
Objective Banded Iron Formations （BIFs） are ferruginous chemical sedimentary rocks that precipitated throughout the Precambrain, which constitute the most important iron resources in the world. The majority of BIFs...Objective Banded Iron Formations （BIFs） are ferruginous chemical sedimentary rocks that precipitated throughout the Precambrain, which constitute the most important iron resources in the world. The majority of BIFs were developed in the Neoarchean and early Paleoproterozoic periods （3.2-1.8 Ga）, which are well known and have been mined for centuries. Another type of the BIFs which was formed in the Neoproterozoic period （0.85-0.7 Ga） is much smaller in scale but widespread on the Earth and record important information of the evolution of the Earth. The Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic BIFs have been well studied and understood, while few detailed studies on Neoproterozoic BIFs have been made, and only a few modem geochronology studies were carried out on Neoproterozoic BIFs.展开更多
The Tianshan orogenic belt is a major part of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB）,extending from west to east for over 2500 km through Uzbekistan,Tajikistan,Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan to Xinjiang in NW Chi...The Tianshan orogenic belt is a major part of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB）,extending from west to east for over 2500 km through Uzbekistan,Tajikistan,Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan to Xinjiang in NW China,and contains the record of multi-phase tectonothermal evolution.Till now.展开更多
Objective The lake levels in the eastern and southern Asia are regarded as low lake-level owing to precipitation decreasing based on the records of lake-level fluctuation in the continental interior lakes since the la...Objective The lake levels in the eastern and southern Asia are regarded as low lake-level owing to precipitation decreasing based on the records of lake-level fluctuation in the continental interior lakes since the last glacial maximum（LGM）（14C 18±1 kaBP,since 20 kaBP）in the Central Asia.Higher lake-level appeared in the transition belt between western Kunlun Mountain and the central Tibetan Plateau.展开更多
Sharples's 1-D physical model, employing tide-wind driven turbulence closure and surface heating-cooling physics, was used to simulate the evolution of seawater temperature in the central part of Jiaozhou Bay. The...Sharples's 1-D physical model, employing tide-wind driven turbulence closure and surface heating-cooling physics, was used to simulate the evolution of seawater temperature in the central part of Jiaozhou Bay. The results were consistent with observation after application of a large value of vertical eddy diffusivity to the upper layer in the case of rainy season. The simulated bottom seawater temperature varies regularly in sinusoidal pattern. The simulated surface seawater temperature clearly indicates that stratification begins in the middle of April, lasting about 6 days, and ends in later August, lasting only 2 days; and that the strongest stratification occurs in June, when the surface net heat flux is close to zero. Since the rainfall process not considered in the present model could cause very strong vertical mixing in the upper layer of bay water, the physical meaning of applying a larger vertical eddy diffusivity is supposed to be a parametrization of the rainfall created mixing in the upper layer. To prove this hypothesis more complex models have to be used and more observations have to be made in future study. Key words physical modelling - rainfall created mixing in the upper sea - the central part of Jiaozhou Bay Contribution No. 3773 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.Project 39630060 supported by NSFC.展开更多
Mitochondria serve as the powerhouse of cells,respond to cellular demands and stressors,and play an essential role in cell signaling,differentiation,and survival.Aberrant mitochondria function has been linked to diver...Mitochondria serve as the powerhouse of cells,respond to cellular demands and stressors,and play an essential role in cell signaling,differentiation,and survival.Aberrant mitochondria function has been linked to diverse and complex human diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases,cancers,myopathies,premature aging,and metabolic syndromes（Nunnari and Suomalainen,2012）.展开更多
Another comparative interpretation was conducted with respect to the data from 5 DSS profiles in the central and southern parts of Shanxi, leading to the conclusion that in Linxian, Linfen and Xingtai earthquake regio...Another comparative interpretation was conducted with respect to the data from 5 DSS profiles in the central and southern parts of Shanxi, leading to the conclusion that in Linxian, Linfen and Xingtai earthquake regions, through which the five profiles pass, there exist anomalous crust mantle structure and abyssal crustal faults extending to Moho, all being regarded as the deep indications for earthquake occurrence.展开更多
Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems.These disorders include Alzheimer＇s disease,epilepsy,brain tumor,and cerebrovascular diseases（stroke,migraine and other headache diso...Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems.These disorders include Alzheimer＇s disease,epilepsy,brain tumor,and cerebrovascular diseases（stroke,migraine and other headache disorders,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson＇s disease,and neuroinfections）.展开更多
Through the study of a high-resolution loess record in the Central Plains, the short—term palaeoclimatic variations since the interstade of the last glacial stage have been discussed in this paper. The palaeoclimate ...Through the study of a high-resolution loess record in the Central Plains, the short—term palaeoclimatic variations since the interstade of the last glacial stage have been discussed in this paper. The palaeoclimate in the East Asian monsoon areas shows different variation patterns in summer and winter. A correlation of the palaeomonsoon records of loess with the δ18O records of the ice core and deep sea is made, and some of the causes for their differences are also discussed.展开更多
Objective The Sidingheishan mafic-ultramafic intrusion is located in the eastern part of the North Tianshan Mountains. This work used zircon U-Pb age data, bulk rock major and trace elements, Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data to ...Objective The Sidingheishan mafic-ultramafic intrusion is located in the eastern part of the North Tianshan Mountains. This work used zircon U-Pb age data, bulk rock major and trace elements, Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data to assess mantle source characteristics and crustal assimilation of the parental magma of the Sidingheishan intrusion. We have also discussed the tectonic evolution of the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic belt in the Late Paleozoic.展开更多
The Rif Mountain located in Northern Morocco represents the westernmost extremity of the Peri-Mediterranean Alpine orogenic system.This belt is classically subdivided into:1)Internal zones(or Internal Rif which is an ...The Rif Mountain located in Northern Morocco represents the westernmost extremity of the Peri-Mediterranean Alpine orogenic system.This belt is classically subdivided into:1)Internal zones(or Internal Rif which is an allochthonous metamorphic domain known worldwide thanks to the presence of large peridotite outcrops);2)flysch zones(sediments corresponding to the original cover of the Maghrebian Tethys);and 3)External zones(or External Rif representing the North African margin remnants).The External Rif is itself subdivided into Prerif,Mesorif and Intrarif domains from the South to the North and is composed by Upper Triassic to Cenozoic sediments structured in a nappe stack.Mafic rock intrusions were reported in this External Rif since the preliminary geological studies even if they were wrongly mapped as"granites".Later careful fieldwork and mapping studies specified nevertheless their gabbroic nature.A more recent petrological and geochemical study of a few outcrops of those gabbroic intrusions conducted the corresponding authors,encouraged by the presence of ultramafic rocks(Beni Malek serpentines)in the eastern part of the External Rif to consider those gabbros as oceanic and so,associated to"an ophiolitic suture".Nevertheless,a recent and extended survey on the architecture and the rifting history of the Mesozoic margin of the Maghrebian Tethys focusing mainly on the Mesorif domain favor another interpretation.The detailed petrography of those mafic intrusions(mainly gabbros+dolerites and rarely extrusive rocks);their geochemical fingerprints and mainly their geochronological data(ages around 200 Ma based on U-Pb zircon LA-ICP dating)all together indicate clearly that those mafic intrusions are rather a"newly discovered"manifestation of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province activity"CAMP"in the External Rif belt.The CAMP magmatism has been largely well described and characterized in all the other geological domains of Morocco(Anti-Atlas,High Atlas,Middle Atlas and Meseta)but never described until the date in the Rif belt which highlights the importance of the results reported here.展开更多
Let X be a compact metric space studies some relationships between stochastic and f ： X→ X be a continuous map. This paper and topological properties of dynamical systems. It is shown that if f satisfies the central...Let X be a compact metric space studies some relationships between stochastic and f ： X→ X be a continuous map. This paper and topological properties of dynamical systems. It is shown that if f satisfies the central limit theorem, then f is topologically ergodic and / is sensitively dependent on initial conditions if and only if / is neither minimal nor equicontinuous.展开更多
Myelinated axons of the peripheral and central nervous system（PNS＆CNS）are divided into molecularly distinct excitable domains,including the axon initial segment（AIS）and nodes of Ranvier.The AIS is composed of a d...Myelinated axons of the peripheral and central nervous system（PNS＆CNS）are divided into molecularly distinct excitable domains,including the axon initial segment（AIS）and nodes of Ranvier.The AIS is composed of a dense network of cytoskeletal proteins,cell adhesion molecules,and voltage gated ion channels and is located at the proximal most region of the axon（Koleand Stuart, 2012）.展开更多
In this paper, the lithospheric isostatic gravity anomaly with its distribution features in the Central Asian region (30°～70°N, 50°～140°E), according to the research of the lithospheric isostati...In this paper, the lithospheric isostatic gravity anomaly with its distribution features in the Central Asian region (30°～70°N, 50°～140°E), according to the research of the lithospheric isostatic principle, is discussed. Moreover, some primary structures and seismic activities in this region are discussed.展开更多
The volcanic rock series on the Fildes Peninsula is the product of the later subduction of the Pacific platebeneath the Antarctic plate. It consists mainly of basalt, basaltic andesite and andesite with minor dacite. ...The volcanic rock series on the Fildes Peninsula is the product of the later subduction of the Pacific platebeneath the Antarctic plate. It consists mainly of basalt, basaltic andesite and andesite with minor dacite. Itsisotopic ages range from 64.6±1 to 43±2 Ma, belonging to Palaeocene to Eocene. Volcanism in the area maybe divided into two phases. The contents of major oxides, rare earth elements (REE) and trace elements in vol-canic rocks formed in different phases show regular changes, which are mainly related to the rock associationsof these phases. Isotope geochemical studies indicate that the primitive magma in the area originating by par-tial melting in the upper mantle underwent fractional crystallization and ascended to the high-level (shallow)magma chamber. Before eruption the primitive basalt-andesitic magma was subjected to differentiation in thehigh-level magma chamber, forming zones of derivative magmas of different compositions. In various phasesmagma-conducting faults experienced periodic extension and cut through various derivative magma zones indifferent parts of the peninsula, leading to the eruption of magmas of different compositions on the surface andthe formation of volcanic rock associations of corresponding compositions.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 42230101the National Agency for Research and Development of Chile(ANID)by Projects AFB180004 and AFB220002the ANID Programa de Cooperación Internacional(PCI)Grant PII-180003.
文摘The Chilean Pampean flat slab subduction segment is characterized by the nearly horizontal subduction of the Nazca Plate within the depth range of 100-120 km.Numerous seismic tomography studies have been conducted to investigate its velocity structure;however,they have used only seismic body wave data or surface wave data.As a result,the existing velocity models in the region may have relatively large uncertainties.In this study,we use body wave arrival times from earthquakes occurring in central Chile between 2014 and 2019,as well as Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps at periods of 5-80 s from ambient noise empirical Green’s functions in Chile.By jointly using body wave arrival times and surface wave dispersion data,we refine the VS model and improve earthquake locations in the central Chile subduction zone.Compared with previous velocity models,our velocity model better reveals an eastward-dipping high-velocity plate representing the subducting Nazca Plate,which is 40-50 km thick and is more consistent with the slab thickness estimated by receiver function imaging and thermal modeling.Overall,the intraslab seismicity distribution spatially correlates well with the slab high-velocity anomalies except along the subduction paths of the CopiapóRidge and Juan Fernández Ridge.Additionally,parallel low-velocity stripes are imaged beneath the subducting plate,which are likely associated with the accumulated melts.The joint inversion velocity model also resolves widespread low-velocity anomalies in the crust beneath the Central Volcanic Zone of the central Andes,likely representing crustal magma chambers for various volcanoes.
文摘The authors give a characterization of central bounded mean oscillation space CBMO2(Rγ) in terms of the central Carleson measure. Using this character, the authors establish the CBMO2(Rγ)-boundedness for several classes of general Littlewood-Paley operators.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.41302070)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grants No.310827172004 and 310827173401)Geological Exploration Fund Project of Qinghai Province (grant No.2012209)
文摘Objective Eclogites are important indicators of ancient plate boundaries or paleosuture zones. Despite their great geological significance, very few investigations have been carried out in the Kunlun region. The Central East Kunlun fault zone was believed to be an Early Paleozoic suture zone, but there has been no reliable evidence for this, though studies on ophiolite, granite, and basic granulite indicate that the Early Paleozoic orogeny occurred in the East Kunlun. This work focused on the Dagele eclogites in Central East Kunlun to provide new constraints for the Central East Kunlun suture zone.
基金The National Key Basic Research Program of China under contract No.2010CB428902the United Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shandong Province under contract No.U1406403the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business of Central Public Research Institutes under contrast No.20603022013003
文摘Long-term changes of composition, sources and burial fluxes of TOC （total organic carbon） in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area and their possible affecting factors are discussed in this paper. Firstly, similarity analysis is employed to confirm that the carbon burial features resulted from two collected cores are typical in the central Yellow Sea mud area where YSWC （Yellow Sea Warm Current） is prevalent. On this basis, the burial flux of TOC here was considered to be 235.5-488.4 pmol/（cm^2.a） since the first industrial revolution, accounting for about 70%-90% among burial fluxes of TC （total carbon） in the sediments. Compared TOC/TC ratio in the two cores with that in other marine sediments worldwide, we suggest that the growth of calcareous/non-calcareous organisms and dissolution of IC （inorganic carbon） are important factors controlling the TOC/TC ratio in sediment. Results of two-end mixed model based on fi13C data indicate that marine-derived organic carbon （OCa） is the main part among total burial organic carbon which accounts for a ratio over 85%. Due to the high TOC/TC ratio in the two cores, TC in the sediments also mainly exists as OCa, and the proportion of OCa is about 60%-80%. Away from the shore and relatively high primary production in upper waters are the main reasons that OCa is predominant among all burial OC in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area. Burial of OC in this mud area is probably mainly influenced by the human activities. Although the economic development during the late 19th century caused by the first industrial revolution in China did not obviously increase the TOC burial fluxes in the sediments, the rise of industry and agriculture after the founding of new China has clearly increased the TOC burial flux since 1950s. Otherwise, we also realize that among TC burial fluxes, TIC account for about 10%-30% in sediments of the central Yellow Sea mud area, so its burial could not be simply ignored here. Distinct from TOC burial, long-term TIC burial fluxes variations relate with climate changes more closely： the East Asian summer monsoon may influence the strength of the Huanghe River （Yellow River） flood, which could further affect the transport of terrestrial IC from land to the central Yellow Sea as well as the burial of these IC in the sediments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(41072082)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2005CB422106)national key subject constructional item of mineralogy,petrology and mineral deposit(SZD0407)and backup candidate fund of academic and technical senior scholar in Sichuan Province
文摘^87Sr/^86Sr, δ^18O and δ^13C ratios of calcite, dolomite, gypsum filling vugs and fissures in marine carbonates and their host rocks from the Sinian to the middle Triassic, are employed to trace the possible source and migration path of key fluids related to development of hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon preservation condition are then discussed further. Comprehensive research, based on the paleo-fluid, the property of formation water and the deformation intensity etc., indicates that the preservation conditions in the Shizhu synclinorium zone and Fangdoushan anticlinorium zone are the most predominant in the central Yangtze. Three sets of fluid systems in the Shizhu synclinorium zone are identified. Little fluid exchange occurs between the upper-middle fluid system and the lower fluid system, so two independent preservation units have developed. Both the Permian and the Triassic in the upper preservation units and the Dengying Formation of the Sinian and the lower Cambrian in the lower preservation units have good preservation conditions. The preservation condition in the lower association （Z-S） located in the Huaguoping synclinorium zone in the western Hubei and Hunan is better than that in other tectonic units, where the fluids in the lower association migrated vertically across strata when the fluid isolating intervals were destroyed, the regional seals are absent and the conditions for the preservation of hydrocarbon accumulations are totally destroyed. The preservation condition is increasingly more favorable from the western Jiangxi and Hunan to the western Hubei ＆ eastern Chongqing on the whole.
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(grant No.41302069)
文摘Objective Banded Iron Formations （BIFs） are ferruginous chemical sedimentary rocks that precipitated throughout the Precambrain, which constitute the most important iron resources in the world. The majority of BIFs were developed in the Neoarchean and early Paleoproterozoic periods （3.2-1.8 Ga）, which are well known and have been mined for centuries. Another type of the BIFs which was formed in the Neoproterozoic period （0.85-0.7 Ga） is much smaller in scale but widespread on the Earth and record important information of the evolution of the Earth. The Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic BIFs have been well studied and understood, while few detailed studies on Neoproterozoic BIFs have been made, and only a few modem geochronology studies were carried out on Neoproterozoic BIFs.
基金supported by the Major Basic Research Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2014CB448000)National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos..41473053 and 41573045)a grant of Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources(Grant No.201211074–05)
文摘The Tianshan orogenic belt is a major part of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB）,extending from west to east for over 2500 km through Uzbekistan,Tajikistan,Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan to Xinjiang in NW China,and contains the record of multi-phase tectonothermal evolution.Till now.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China(grant No.41571177)
文摘Objective The lake levels in the eastern and southern Asia are regarded as low lake-level owing to precipitation decreasing based on the records of lake-level fluctuation in the continental interior lakes since the last glacial maximum（LGM）（14C 18±1 kaBP,since 20 kaBP）in the Central Asia.Higher lake-level appeared in the transition belt between western Kunlun Mountain and the central Tibetan Plateau.
文摘Sharples's 1-D physical model, employing tide-wind driven turbulence closure and surface heating-cooling physics, was used to simulate the evolution of seawater temperature in the central part of Jiaozhou Bay. The results were consistent with observation after application of a large value of vertical eddy diffusivity to the upper layer in the case of rainy season. The simulated bottom seawater temperature varies regularly in sinusoidal pattern. The simulated surface seawater temperature clearly indicates that stratification begins in the middle of April, lasting about 6 days, and ends in later August, lasting only 2 days; and that the strongest stratification occurs in June, when the surface net heat flux is close to zero. Since the rainfall process not considered in the present model could cause very strong vertical mixing in the upper layer of bay water, the physical meaning of applying a larger vertical eddy diffusivity is supposed to be a parametrization of the rainfall created mixing in the upper layer. To prove this hypothesis more complex models have to be used and more observations have to be made in future study. Key words physical modelling - rainfall created mixing in the upper sea - the central part of Jiaozhou Bay Contribution No. 3773 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.Project 39630060 supported by NSFC.
基金Supported by an endowment to JES from Cardinal Hill Rehabilitation Hospital
文摘Mitochondria serve as the powerhouse of cells,respond to cellular demands and stressors,and play an essential role in cell signaling,differentiation,and survival.Aberrant mitochondria function has been linked to diverse and complex human diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases,cancers,myopathies,premature aging,and metabolic syndromes（Nunnari and Suomalainen,2012）.
文摘Another comparative interpretation was conducted with respect to the data from 5 DSS profiles in the central and southern parts of Shanxi, leading to the conclusion that in Linxian, Linfen and Xingtai earthquake regions, through which the five profiles pass, there exist anomalous crust mantle structure and abyssal crustal faults extending to Moho, all being regarded as the deep indications for earthquake occurrence.
文摘Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems.These disorders include Alzheimer＇s disease,epilepsy,brain tumor,and cerebrovascular diseases（stroke,migraine and other headache disorders,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson＇s disease,and neuroinfections）.
基金The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 49572132.
文摘Through the study of a high-resolution loess record in the Central Plains, the short—term palaeoclimatic variations since the interstade of the last glacial stage have been discussed in this paper. The palaeoclimate in the East Asian monsoon areas shows different variation patterns in summer and winter. A correlation of the palaeomonsoon records of loess with the δ18O records of the ice core and deep sea is made, and some of the causes for their differences are also discussed.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China(grants No.41402070, 41372101 and 41602082)China Geological Survey (grant No.DD20160346)
文摘Objective The Sidingheishan mafic-ultramafic intrusion is located in the eastern part of the North Tianshan Mountains. This work used zircon U-Pb age data, bulk rock major and trace elements, Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data to assess mantle source characteristics and crustal assimilation of the parental magma of the Sidingheishan intrusion. We have also discussed the tectonic evolution of the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic belt in the Late Paleozoic.
文摘The Rif Mountain located in Northern Morocco represents the westernmost extremity of the Peri-Mediterranean Alpine orogenic system.This belt is classically subdivided into:1)Internal zones(or Internal Rif which is an allochthonous metamorphic domain known worldwide thanks to the presence of large peridotite outcrops);2)flysch zones(sediments corresponding to the original cover of the Maghrebian Tethys);and 3)External zones(or External Rif representing the North African margin remnants).The External Rif is itself subdivided into Prerif,Mesorif and Intrarif domains from the South to the North and is composed by Upper Triassic to Cenozoic sediments structured in a nappe stack.Mafic rock intrusions were reported in this External Rif since the preliminary geological studies even if they were wrongly mapped as"granites".Later careful fieldwork and mapping studies specified nevertheless their gabbroic nature.A more recent petrological and geochemical study of a few outcrops of those gabbroic intrusions conducted the corresponding authors,encouraged by the presence of ultramafic rocks(Beni Malek serpentines)in the eastern part of the External Rif to consider those gabbros as oceanic and so,associated to"an ophiolitic suture".Nevertheless,a recent and extended survey on the architecture and the rifting history of the Mesozoic margin of the Maghrebian Tethys focusing mainly on the Mesorif domain favor another interpretation.The detailed petrography of those mafic intrusions(mainly gabbros+dolerites and rarely extrusive rocks);their geochemical fingerprints and mainly their geochronological data(ages around 200 Ma based on U-Pb zircon LA-ICP dating)all together indicate clearly that those mafic intrusions are rather a"newly discovered"manifestation of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province activity"CAMP"in the External Rif belt.The CAMP magmatism has been largely well described and characterized in all the other geological domains of Morocco(Anti-Atlas,High Atlas,Middle Atlas and Meseta)but never described until the date in the Rif belt which highlights the importance of the results reported here.
基金Support by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Educational Committee (KJ2007B123)863 Project(2007AA03Z108)
文摘Let X be a compact metric space studies some relationships between stochastic and f ： X→ X be a continuous map. This paper and topological properties of dynamical systems. It is shown that if f satisfies the central limit theorem, then f is topologically ergodic and / is sensitively dependent on initial conditions if and only if / is neither minimal nor equicontinuous.
基金supported by National Institutes of Health Grants NS069688 and NS044916, TIRR Foundationthe Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation
文摘Myelinated axons of the peripheral and central nervous system（PNS＆CNS）are divided into molecularly distinct excitable domains,including the axon initial segment（AIS）and nodes of Ranvier.The AIS is composed of a dense network of cytoskeletal proteins,cell adhesion molecules,and voltage gated ion channels and is located at the proximal most region of the axon（Koleand Stuart, 2012）.
文摘In this paper, the lithospheric isostatic gravity anomaly with its distribution features in the Central Asian region (30°～70°N, 50°～140°E), according to the research of the lithospheric isostatic principle, is discussed. Moreover, some primary structures and seismic activities in this region are discussed.
基金This research was supported by the State Antarctic Committee of China,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project 4870113),the Geological Foundation and the Chinese Academy of Geo1ogical Sciences
文摘The volcanic rock series on the Fildes Peninsula is the product of the later subduction of the Pacific platebeneath the Antarctic plate. It consists mainly of basalt, basaltic andesite and andesite with minor dacite. Itsisotopic ages range from 64.6±1 to 43±2 Ma, belonging to Palaeocene to Eocene. Volcanism in the area maybe divided into two phases. The contents of major oxides, rare earth elements (REE) and trace elements in vol-canic rocks formed in different phases show regular changes, which are mainly related to the rock associationsof these phases. Isotope geochemical studies indicate that the primitive magma in the area originating by par-tial melting in the upper mantle underwent fractional crystallization and ascended to the high-level (shallow)magma chamber. Before eruption the primitive basalt-andesitic magma was subjected to differentiation in thehigh-level magma chamber, forming zones of derivative magmas of different compositions. In various phasesmagma-conducting faults experienced periodic extension and cut through various derivative magma zones indifferent parts of the peninsula, leading to the eruption of magmas of different compositions on the surface andthe formation of volcanic rock associations of corresponding compositions.
