With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and mult...With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and multi-dimensional systems,providing a scientific analytical framework for accurately judging the existence and development of various complex phenomena.The core philosophical views of Marx and Engels,including historical materialism,dialectics,alienation theory,and communism theory,have sparked extensive debates since their proposal-garnering numerous adherents while also facing sharp criticisms-and continue to exert a certain influence on the global intellectual and political arenas.Based on the perspective of the UCST,this paper draws on both the interpretations and developments of their views by proponents such as Lenin,Lukács,and Habermas,as well as the doubts and reflections raised by critics like Popper,Russell,and Hayek.From the dual dimensions of theoretical logic and practical verification,it comprehensively analyzes the theoretical value and inherent limitations of Marx and Engels’core philosophical views.Incorporating practical cases from multiple countries and academic research findings,this study aims to provide a neutral,objective,and pluralistic reference for the rational understanding of Marxist philosophy.展开更多
Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction durin...Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction during the imaging process.In this study,a rectangular cross-section field-of-view rotational CL(RC-CL)is proposed for circuit board imaging.Compared to other rotational CL systems,the field of view is the largest and most suitable for rectangular circuit boards.Meanwhile,as the imaging geometry of RC-CL is significantly different from that of cone-beam CT,the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress(FDK)reconstruction algorithm cannot be used directly.However,transferring the projection data to fit into the CBCT geometry using two-dimensional interpolation introduces interpolation errors.Therefore,an FDK-type analytical reconstruction algorithm applicable to RC-CL was developed.The effectiveness of the method was validated through numerical experiments,and the influence of the tilt angle on the reconstruction results was analyzed.Finally,the RC-CL technique was applied to real defect detection research on circuit boards.展开更多
The calculation of viewing and solar geometry angles is a critical first step in retrieving atmospheric and surface variables from geostationary satellite observations.Whereas the viewing angles for geostationary sate...The calculation of viewing and solar geometry angles is a critical first step in retrieving atmospheric and surface variables from geostationary satellite observations.Whereas the viewing angles for geostationary satellites are not timevarying,a primary source of inaccuracy in solar positioning is the use of a single timestamp.Since pixel scanning times can differ significantly across the field-of-view disk(e.g.,by approximately 13 min for Fengyun-4B),this practice leads to errors of up to±2°in solar zenith angle,which translates to±50 W m^(−2) in extraterrestrial irradiance;the errors in solar azimuth angle can exceed±100°.Beyond scanning time,this work also quantifies the impact of other inputs—including altitude,surface pressure,air temperature,difference between Terrestrial Time and Universal Time,and atmospheric refraction—on the resulting angles.A comparison of our precise calculations with the official National Satellite Meteorological Center L1_GEO product shows an accuracy within 0.1°,confirming its utility for most retrieval tasks.To facilitate higher precision when required,this work releases the corresponding satellite and solar positioning codes in both R and Python.展开更多
Monitoring cardiac function is a fundamental component of the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients.While pulmonary artery catheterization has long served as the standard for hemodynamic assessment,its i...Monitoring cardiac function is a fundamental component of the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients.While pulmonary artery catheterization has long served as the standard for hemodynamic assessment,its invasive nature and associated risks have shifted clinical practice toward non-invasive modalities.^([1]) Among these methods,point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) has gained widespread acceptance,offering real-time bedside evaluation of cardiac function.展开更多
基金supported by the start-up funding from Westlake University under Grant Number 041030150118the scientific research project of Westlake University“Theoretical Research and Demonstration Application of Complex Systems and Deep-Sea Technology(Phase I)”under Grant Number WU2025A006.
文摘With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and multi-dimensional systems,providing a scientific analytical framework for accurately judging the existence and development of various complex phenomena.The core philosophical views of Marx and Engels,including historical materialism,dialectics,alienation theory,and communism theory,have sparked extensive debates since their proposal-garnering numerous adherents while also facing sharp criticisms-and continue to exert a certain influence on the global intellectual and political arenas.Based on the perspective of the UCST,this paper draws on both the interpretations and developments of their views by proponents such as Lenin,Lukács,and Habermas,as well as the doubts and reflections raised by critics like Popper,Russell,and Hayek.From the dual dimensions of theoretical logic and practical verification,it comprehensively analyzes the theoretical value and inherent limitations of Marx and Engels’core philosophical views.Incorporating practical cases from multiple countries and academic research findings,this study aims to provide a neutral,objective,and pluralistic reference for the rational understanding of Marxist philosophy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0607802)。
文摘Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction during the imaging process.In this study,a rectangular cross-section field-of-view rotational CL(RC-CL)is proposed for circuit board imaging.Compared to other rotational CL systems,the field of view is the largest and most suitable for rectangular circuit boards.Meanwhile,as the imaging geometry of RC-CL is significantly different from that of cone-beam CT,the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress(FDK)reconstruction algorithm cannot be used directly.However,transferring the projection data to fit into the CBCT geometry using two-dimensional interpolation introduces interpolation errors.Therefore,an FDK-type analytical reconstruction algorithm applicable to RC-CL was developed.The effectiveness of the method was validated through numerical experiments,and the influence of the tilt angle on the reconstruction results was analyzed.Finally,the RC-CL technique was applied to real defect detection research on circuit boards.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42375192).
文摘The calculation of viewing and solar geometry angles is a critical first step in retrieving atmospheric and surface variables from geostationary satellite observations.Whereas the viewing angles for geostationary satellites are not timevarying,a primary source of inaccuracy in solar positioning is the use of a single timestamp.Since pixel scanning times can differ significantly across the field-of-view disk(e.g.,by approximately 13 min for Fengyun-4B),this practice leads to errors of up to±2°in solar zenith angle,which translates to±50 W m^(−2) in extraterrestrial irradiance;the errors in solar azimuth angle can exceed±100°.Beyond scanning time,this work also quantifies the impact of other inputs—including altitude,surface pressure,air temperature,difference between Terrestrial Time and Universal Time,and atmospheric refraction—on the resulting angles.A comparison of our precise calculations with the official National Satellite Meteorological Center L1_GEO product shows an accuracy within 0.1°,confirming its utility for most retrieval tasks.To facilitate higher precision when required,this work releases the corresponding satellite and solar positioning codes in both R and Python.
文摘Monitoring cardiac function is a fundamental component of the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients.While pulmonary artery catheterization has long served as the standard for hemodynamic assessment,its invasive nature and associated risks have shifted clinical practice toward non-invasive modalities.^([1]) Among these methods,point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) has gained widespread acceptance,offering real-time bedside evaluation of cardiac function.
