目的分析一体式蜗内耳蜗电图在人工耳蜗植入(CI)术中的应用情况,讨论其优势及局限,总结该技术的标准化流程。方法收集2023年3月~2025年8月于本团队实施人工耳蜗术中一体式蜗内耳蜗电图的全部临床资料及术中监测数据,对监测成功率、监测...目的分析一体式蜗内耳蜗电图在人工耳蜗植入(CI)术中的应用情况,讨论其优势及局限,总结该技术的标准化流程。方法收集2023年3月~2025年8月于本团队实施人工耳蜗术中一体式蜗内耳蜗电图的全部临床资料及术中监测数据,对监测成功率、监测指标变化规律等进行分析,建立术中监测三阶段分型(植入早期、中期和晚期;上升型、下降型、稳定型、波动型)。结果共有44例(45耳)患者应用该技术(男24,女20),平均年龄27.3±19.2岁,术前低频平均听力为86.6±21.1 dB HL,无明显的耳蜗畸形,均完成全部电极植入。15耳成功在术中引出CM波形,9耳于术毕或术后第2天引出波形,21耳未引出波形(其中9耳术中干扰严重,2耳术中耳机脱落)。在去除术中干扰严重的9耳和术中耳机脱落的2耳后,34耳的术中CM波形引出率与术前低频平均听力之间无统计学意义(n=34,χ^(2)=1.145,P=0.451),且该34耳以及术中成功引出15耳耳蜗微音电位(cochlear microphonics,CM)波形最大幅值与术前低频平均听力无明显相关(n=34,r=-0.015,P=0.931;n=15,r=0.237,P=0.395)。15耳中,植入早期最常见为波动型[7耳(46.7%)],其中4耳依据波形变化采用优化植入干预方案;在中期为稳定型和波动型居多[均为5耳(33.3%)];在晚期,各类型比例相近,且波形下降趋势难以通过干预方案得到恢复。在本院完成术后开机随访且具有术前可测听力的12例(12耳)患者,术后低频听力完全保留率为75%,部分保留率为25%。术毕/术中最高幅值比与术后低频听力阈移呈显著负相关(r=-0.707,P=0.01)。结论术中应用ECochG技术可实时反馈电极植入对内耳的创伤,及时在损伤可逆期内进行微创化调整,有助于术后残余听力的保留。术中标准化流程的建立有助于提升该技术的术中引出率。术中监测三阶段分型的建立有助于电极植入对内耳创伤的机制分析。术中CM波形引出率、引出幅值与术前低频平均听力的关系仍待进一步探讨分析。展开更多
Understanding the interaction between biological structures and nanoscale technologies,dubbed the nano-bio interface,is required for successful development of safe and efficient nanomedicine products.The lack of a uni...Understanding the interaction between biological structures and nanoscale technologies,dubbed the nano-bio interface,is required for successful development of safe and efficient nanomedicine products.The lack of a universal reporting system and decentralized methodologies for nanomaterial characterization have resulted in a low degree of reliability and reproducibility in the nanomedicine literature.As such,there is a strong need to establish a characterization system to support the reproducibility of nanoscience data particularly for studies seeking clinical translation.Here,we discuss the existing key standards for addressing robust characterization of nanomaterials based on their intended use in medical devices or as pharmaceuticals.We also discuss the challenges surrounding implementation of such standard protocols and their implication for translation of nanotechnology into clinical practice.We,however,emphasize that practical implementation of standard protocols in experimental laboratories requires long-term planning through integration of stakeholders including institutions and funding agencies.展开更多
Combined public key （CPK） cryptography does not need certificates to guarantee the authenticity of public keys and avoids the inherent key escrow problem of identity-based cryptography. Based on the efficient CPK sc...Combined public key （CPK） cryptography does not need certificates to guarantee the authenticity of public keys and avoids the inherent key escrow problem of identity-based cryptography. Based on the efficient CPK scheme, we present an efficient three-round two-party authenticated key exchange protocol with strong security, which is provably secure in the standard model under the decisional Diffie-Hellman （DDH） assumption. The protocol can keep the session key secret from the adversary except that one party＇s ephemeral private key and static private key are all revealed to the adversary. Compared to the existing protocols, this protocol not only assures strong security but also is more efficient.展开更多
This research paper describes the design and implementation of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standards REF _Ref401069962 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1] for Space Data Link Layer Protocol (SDLP). ...This research paper describes the design and implementation of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standards REF _Ref401069962 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1] for Space Data Link Layer Protocol (SDLP). The primer focus is the telecommand (TC) part of the standard. The implementation of the standard was in the form of DLL functions using C++ programming language. The second objective of this paper was to use the DLL functions with OMNeT++ simulating environment to create a simulator in order to analyze the mean end-to-end Packet Delay, maximum achievable application layer throughput for a given fixed link capacity and normalized protocol overhead, defined as the total number of bytes transmitted on the link in a given period of time (e.g. per second) divided by the number of bytes of application data received at the application layer model data sink. In addition, the DLL was also integrated with Ground Support Equipment Operating System (GSEOS), a software system for space instruments and small spacecrafts especially suited for low budget missions. The SDLP is designed for rapid test system design and high flexibility for changing telemetry and command requirements. GSEOS can be seamlessly moved from EM/FM development (bench testing) to flight operations. It features the Python programming language as a configuration/scripting tool and can easily be extended to accommodate custom hardware interfaces. This paper also shows the results of the simulations and its analysis.展开更多
Wastewater-based epidemiology has emerged as a transformative surveillance tool for estimating substance consumption and monitoring disease prevalence,particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.It enables the populatio...Wastewater-based epidemiology has emerged as a transformative surveillance tool for estimating substance consumption and monitoring disease prevalence,particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.It enables the population-level monitoring of illicit drug use,pathogen prevalence,and environmental pollutant exposure.In this perspective,we summarize the key challenges specific to the Chinese context:(1)Sampling inconsistencies,necessitating standardized 24-hour composite protocols with high-frequency autosamplers(≤15 min/event)to improve the representativeness of samples.展开更多
The accurate characterization of thermoelectric properties at low temperatures is crucial for the development of high-performance thermoelectric cooling devices. While measurement errors of thermoelectric properties a...The accurate characterization of thermoelectric properties at low temperatures is crucial for the development of high-performance thermoelectric cooling devices. While measurement errors of thermoelectric properties at temperatures above room temperature have been extensively discussed, there is a lack of standard measurement protocols and error analyses for low-temperature transport properties. In this study, we present a measurement system capable of characterizing all three key thermoelectric parameters, i.e., Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity, for a single sample across a temperature range of 10 K to 300 K. We investigated six representative commercial Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based samples(three N-type and three P-type). Using an error propagation model, we systematically analyzed the measurement uncertainties of the three intrinsic parameters and the resulting thermoelectric figure of merit. Our findings reveal that measurement uncertainties for both N-type and P-type Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based materials can be effectively maintained below 5% in the temperature range of 40 K to 300 K. However, the uncertainties increase to over 10% at lower temperatures, primarily due to the relatively smaller values of electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficients in this regime. This work establishes foundational data for Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based thermoelectric materials and provides a framework for broader investigations of advanced low-temperature thermoelectrics.展开更多
文摘目的分析一体式蜗内耳蜗电图在人工耳蜗植入(CI)术中的应用情况,讨论其优势及局限,总结该技术的标准化流程。方法收集2023年3月~2025年8月于本团队实施人工耳蜗术中一体式蜗内耳蜗电图的全部临床资料及术中监测数据,对监测成功率、监测指标变化规律等进行分析,建立术中监测三阶段分型(植入早期、中期和晚期;上升型、下降型、稳定型、波动型)。结果共有44例(45耳)患者应用该技术(男24,女20),平均年龄27.3±19.2岁,术前低频平均听力为86.6±21.1 dB HL,无明显的耳蜗畸形,均完成全部电极植入。15耳成功在术中引出CM波形,9耳于术毕或术后第2天引出波形,21耳未引出波形(其中9耳术中干扰严重,2耳术中耳机脱落)。在去除术中干扰严重的9耳和术中耳机脱落的2耳后,34耳的术中CM波形引出率与术前低频平均听力之间无统计学意义(n=34,χ^(2)=1.145,P=0.451),且该34耳以及术中成功引出15耳耳蜗微音电位(cochlear microphonics,CM)波形最大幅值与术前低频平均听力无明显相关(n=34,r=-0.015,P=0.931;n=15,r=0.237,P=0.395)。15耳中,植入早期最常见为波动型[7耳(46.7%)],其中4耳依据波形变化采用优化植入干预方案;在中期为稳定型和波动型居多[均为5耳(33.3%)];在晚期,各类型比例相近,且波形下降趋势难以通过干预方案得到恢复。在本院完成术后开机随访且具有术前可测听力的12例(12耳)患者,术后低频听力完全保留率为75%,部分保留率为25%。术毕/术中最高幅值比与术后低频听力阈移呈显著负相关(r=-0.707,P=0.01)。结论术中应用ECochG技术可实时反馈电极植入对内耳的创伤,及时在损伤可逆期内进行微创化调整,有助于术后残余听力的保留。术中标准化流程的建立有助于提升该技术的术中引出率。术中监测三阶段分型的建立有助于电极植入对内耳创伤的机制分析。术中CM波形引出率、引出幅值与术前低频平均听力的关系仍待进一步探讨分析。
基金support from the U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (Grant DK131417) (MM)support of a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award at the Scientific Interface (CASI) (MPL)+11 种基金a Dreyfus foundation award (MPL)the Philomathia foundation (MPL)an NIH MIRA award R35GM128922 (MPL)an NIH R21 NIDA award 1R03DA052810 (MPL)an NSF CAREER award 2046159 (MPL)an NSF CBET award 1733575 (to MPL)a CZI imaging award (MPL)a Sloan Foundation Award (MPL)a USDA BBT EAGER award (MPL)a Moore Foundation Award (MPL)a DOE office of Science grant DE-SC0020366 (MPL)support from a Fulbright fellowship (NNM)。
文摘Understanding the interaction between biological structures and nanoscale technologies,dubbed the nano-bio interface,is required for successful development of safe and efficient nanomedicine products.The lack of a universal reporting system and decentralized methodologies for nanomaterial characterization have resulted in a low degree of reliability and reproducibility in the nanomedicine literature.As such,there is a strong need to establish a characterization system to support the reproducibility of nanoscience data particularly for studies seeking clinical translation.Here,we discuss the existing key standards for addressing robust characterization of nanomaterials based on their intended use in medical devices or as pharmaceuticals.We also discuss the challenges surrounding implementation of such standard protocols and their implication for translation of nanotechnology into clinical practice.We,however,emphasize that practical implementation of standard protocols in experimental laboratories requires long-term planning through integration of stakeholders including institutions and funding agencies.
基金Supported by the Key Laboratory Foundation of Communication Technology of China (9140C1103040902)
文摘Combined public key （CPK） cryptography does not need certificates to guarantee the authenticity of public keys and avoids the inherent key escrow problem of identity-based cryptography. Based on the efficient CPK scheme, we present an efficient three-round two-party authenticated key exchange protocol with strong security, which is provably secure in the standard model under the decisional Diffie-Hellman （DDH） assumption. The protocol can keep the session key secret from the adversary except that one party＇s ephemeral private key and static private key are all revealed to the adversary. Compared to the existing protocols, this protocol not only assures strong security but also is more efficient.
文摘This research paper describes the design and implementation of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standards REF _Ref401069962 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1] for Space Data Link Layer Protocol (SDLP). The primer focus is the telecommand (TC) part of the standard. The implementation of the standard was in the form of DLL functions using C++ programming language. The second objective of this paper was to use the DLL functions with OMNeT++ simulating environment to create a simulator in order to analyze the mean end-to-end Packet Delay, maximum achievable application layer throughput for a given fixed link capacity and normalized protocol overhead, defined as the total number of bytes transmitted on the link in a given period of time (e.g. per second) divided by the number of bytes of application data received at the application layer model data sink. In addition, the DLL was also integrated with Ground Support Equipment Operating System (GSEOS), a software system for space instruments and small spacecrafts especially suited for low budget missions. The SDLP is designed for rapid test system design and high flexibility for changing telemetry and command requirements. GSEOS can be seamlessly moved from EM/FM development (bench testing) to flight operations. It features the Python programming language as a configuration/scripting tool and can easily be extended to accommodate custom hardware interfaces. This paper also shows the results of the simulations and its analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.42307534)Discovery Project(DP220101790)+1 种基金The University of Queensland ScholarshipAustralian Research Council Discovery Project(DP220101790).
文摘Wastewater-based epidemiology has emerged as a transformative surveillance tool for estimating substance consumption and monitoring disease prevalence,particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.It enables the population-level monitoring of illicit drug use,pathogen prevalence,and environmental pollutant exposure.In this perspective,we summarize the key challenges specific to the Chinese context:(1)Sampling inconsistencies,necessitating standardized 24-hour composite protocols with high-frequency autosamplers(≤15 min/event)to improve the representativeness of samples.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52172259)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2021YFA0718700 and 2022YFB3803900)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Inner Mongolia Normal University (Grant No. 2022JBTD008)。
文摘The accurate characterization of thermoelectric properties at low temperatures is crucial for the development of high-performance thermoelectric cooling devices. While measurement errors of thermoelectric properties at temperatures above room temperature have been extensively discussed, there is a lack of standard measurement protocols and error analyses for low-temperature transport properties. In this study, we present a measurement system capable of characterizing all three key thermoelectric parameters, i.e., Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity, for a single sample across a temperature range of 10 K to 300 K. We investigated six representative commercial Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based samples(three N-type and three P-type). Using an error propagation model, we systematically analyzed the measurement uncertainties of the three intrinsic parameters and the resulting thermoelectric figure of merit. Our findings reveal that measurement uncertainties for both N-type and P-type Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based materials can be effectively maintained below 5% in the temperature range of 40 K to 300 K. However, the uncertainties increase to over 10% at lower temperatures, primarily due to the relatively smaller values of electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficients in this regime. This work establishes foundational data for Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based thermoelectric materials and provides a framework for broader investigations of advanced low-temperature thermoelectrics.
