A method of source depth estimation based on the multi-path time delay difference is proposed. When the minimum time arrivals in all receiver depths are snapped to a certain time on time delay-depth plane, time delay ...A method of source depth estimation based on the multi-path time delay difference is proposed. When the minimum time arrivals in all receiver depths are snapped to a certain time on time delay-depth plane, time delay arrivals of surface-bottom reflection and bottom-surface reflection intersect at the source depth. Two hydrophones deployed vertically with a certain interval are required at least. If the receiver depths are known, the pair of time delays can be used to estimate the source depth. With the proposed method the source depth can be estimated successfully in a moderate range in the deep ocean without complicated matched-field calculations in the simulations and experiments.展开更多
Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays are prepared by a simple method, which is a thermal annealing thin gold film deposited on anodie oxidized TiO2 nanotube arrays. These electron microscope images present t...Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays are prepared by a simple method, which is a thermal annealing thin gold film deposited on anodie oxidized TiO2 nanotube arrays. These electron microscope images present that Au nanoparticles are well dispersed within the wall and on the surface of the XiO2 nanotubes. Meanwhile, the morphologies of Au nanoparticles can be controlled by changing the thickness of the deposited gold film. Associ- ated with the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances, the prepared Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays could work as visible light responsive photocatalysts to produce a greatly enhanced photocurrent density. By varying the initial gold film thickness, such Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays could be optimized to obtain the highest photocurrent generation efficiency in the visible and UV light regions.展开更多
The main objective of this study is to generate accurate synthetic hourly solar radiation data by using an easily accessible open source data.In this regard,a new approach is proposed for estimation of synthetic hourl...The main objective of this study is to generate accurate synthetic hourly solar radiation data by using an easily accessible open source data.In this regard,a new approach is proposed for estimation of synthetic hourly global solar radiation during the day by utilizing only annual solar energy data.First time in literature,a model has been developed for prediction hourly and daily solar radiation based on annual solar energy parameter in this study.Parameters of the model were generated and tested for Turkey and one of them was presented as a case study within this paper.Long term measured hourly horizontal solar irradiance data from a network of Turkish meteorological stations was used to calibrate the model function.The predictions are compared with the solar data available in literature for Turkey.The advanced simple new model is utilized in open source computer program and has the potential to be adapted to other countries.展开更多
BACKGROUND Severe skeletal class II malocclusion is the indication for combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.CASE SUMMARY A woman with a chief complaint of a protruding chin and an inability to close her lip...BACKGROUND Severe skeletal class II malocclusion is the indication for combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.CASE SUMMARY A woman with a chief complaint of a protruding chin and an inability to close her lips requested orthodontic camouflage.The treatment plan consisted of extracting the right upper third molar,right lower third molar,left lower second molar,and left upper third molar and moving the maxillary dentition distally using a convenient method involving microimplant nail anchors,push springs,long arm traction hooks,and elastic traction chains.After 52 months of treatment,her overbite and overjet were normal,and her facial profile was favorable.CONCLUSION This method can be used for distal movement of the maxillary dentition and to correct severe skeletal class II malocclusion in adults.展开更多
We develope a simple method to stabilize the beam during propagation. Combination of the self-developed control module and the large diameter mirrors reconstruct the beam stabilization system, and some important proce...We develope a simple method to stabilize the beam during propagation. Combination of the self-developed control module and the large diameter mirrors reconstruct the beam stabilization system, and some important procedures are presented, such as calibration arid average filter. The results show that the horizontal pointing and vertical pointing are stabilized to within 8.43 and 7.59 μrad, and the beam horizontal position and vertical position are stabilized to within 2.16 and 2.11 μm respectively. The regulating time is within 84 ms. Thus the method presented is effective for the current stabilization system applied in lithography tools.展开更多
The simplified procedure using shear wave velocity measurements is increasingly used to evaluate the seismic liquefaction potential of soils.This procedure is based on finding the boundary separating the liquefactiona...The simplified procedure using shear wave velocity measurements is increasingly used to evaluate the seismic liquefaction potential of soils.This procedure is based on finding the boundary separating the liquefactionand non-liquefaction cases through the analysis of liquefaction case histories,following the general format of the Seed-Idriss simplified procedure based on standard penetration test(SPT)data.It is noted that many assumptions have been made in the simplified procedure.This paper develops a simple method for evaluating the liquefaction potential of soils from shear wave velocity by using the optimum seeking method to directly analyze the liquefaction history data and quantify the influence of major factors affecting the liquefactions potential of soils.The factors considered are the earthquake magnitude,the vertical effective overburden stress,the shear wave velocity,the peak acceleration at the ground surface of the site,and the fines content of the soil.The most important factor has been identified as the shear wave velocity.The developed method uses the measured data directly and in a very simple way.Neither stress-correction of shear wave velocity nor calculation of cyclic shear stress as in the simplified procedure is required.Comparisons indicate that the developed simple method has a higher success rate for evaluating liquefaction potential of soils than the simplified procedure.A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the developed simple method and further confirms its accuracy.展开更多
The heart cannot regenerate muscle tissue after a heart attack has killed part of the muscle wall.That dead tissue can strain surrounding muscle,leading to a lethal heart enlargement.Biomedical engineers believe they ...The heart cannot regenerate muscle tissue after a heart attack has killed part of the muscle wall.That dead tissue can strain surrounding muscle,leading to a lethal heart enlargement.Biomedical engineers believe they can aid the failing heart by using pluripotent stem cells to grow heart muscle cells outside of the body,and then injecting those muscle cells or adding a patch made from those cells,at or near the site of the dead heart tissue.Experimental and clinical trial evidence with this approach has shown moderate improvement of the pumping ability of the heart's left ventricle.展开更多
One-Way Traffic synthetic assessing can not only determine the assessment method, but can also provide an opportunity for further study of road systems. Comparing three Road Traffic Planning methods, which are Value A...One-Way Traffic synthetic assessing can not only determine the assessment method, but can also provide an opportunity for further study of road systems. Comparing three Road Traffic Planning methods, which are Value Analysis method, Simple Array method and Step Analysis method, this paper concludes that Simple Array method has one prominent merit, avoiding the complicated relationship of various factors and simplifying the complex problem. Therefore Simple Array method is firstly presented in this paper to be the assessing measure to assess the One-Way Traffic Planning project. Although this assessing method cannot wholly give way to man’s will, through consistently testing on qualitative factors and with the decision-making results of a multi-program, this method is still an effective method. Using an example of Harbin One-Way Traffic planning, with seven assessing indexes including economic benefit index, Simple Array method is applied to synthetically assessing the program. This fully reflects the general function of One-Way Traffic planning program and objectively evaluates the program. It also proves that, as the method of One-Way Traffic synthetic assessing, Simple Array method is rational and practical.展开更多
A sequential deposition method is developed, where the hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite （CH3NH3Pb （I1-xBrx）3 ） is synthesized using precursor solutions containing CH3NH3I and PbBr2 with different mole ra...A sequential deposition method is developed, where the hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite （CH3NH3Pb （I1-xBrx）3 ） is synthesized using precursor solutions containing CH3NH3I and PbBr2 with different mole ratios and reaction times. The perovskite achieved here is quite stable in the atmosphere for a relatively long time without noticeable degradation, and the perovskite nanowires are proved to be single crystalline structure, based on transmission electron microscopy.Furthermore, strong red photoluminescence from perovskite is observed in the wavelength range from 746nm to 770nm with the increase of the reaction time, on account of the exchanges between I- ions and Br- ions in the perovskite crystal. Lastly, the influences of concentration and reaction time of the precursor solutions are discussed, which are important for evolution of hybrid perovskite from nanocuboid to nanowire and nanosheet.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate some new traveling wave solutions to Vakhnenko-Parkes equation via three modified mathematical methods. The derived solutions have been obtained including periodic and solitons solutions ...In this paper, we investigate some new traveling wave solutions to Vakhnenko-Parkes equation via three modified mathematical methods. The derived solutions have been obtained including periodic and solitons solutions in the form of trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational function solutions. The graphical representations of some solutions by assigning particular values to the parameters under prescribed conditions in each solutions and comparing of solutions with those gained by other authors indicate that these employed techniques are more effective, efficient and applicable mathematical tools for solving nonlinear problems in applied science.展开更多
Time series prediction has been successfully used in several application areas, such as meteoro-logical forecasting, market prediction, network traffic forecasting, etc. , and a number of techniques have been develop...Time series prediction has been successfully used in several application areas, such as meteoro-logical forecasting, market prediction, network traffic forecasting, etc. , and a number of techniques have been developed for modeling and predicting time series. In the traditional exponential smoothing method, a fixed weight is assigned to data history, and the trend changes of time series are ignored. In this paper, an uncertainty reasoning method, based on cloud model, is employed in time series prediction, which uses cloud logic controller to adjust the smoothing coefficient of the simple exponential smoothing method dynamically to fit the current trend of the time series. The validity of this solution was proved by experiments on various data sets.展开更多
In this article, the fractional derivatives in the sense of the modified Riemann-Liouville derivatives together with the modified simple equation method and the multiple exp-function method are employed for constructi...In this article, the fractional derivatives in the sense of the modified Riemann-Liouville derivatives together with the modified simple equation method and the multiple exp-function method are employed for constructing the exact solutions and the solitary wave solutions for the nonlinear time fractional Sharma-Tasso- Olver equation. With help of Maple, we can get exact explicit l-wave, 2-wave and 3-wave solutions, which include l-soliton, 2-soliton and 3-soliton type solutions if we use the multiple exp-function method while we can get only exact explicit l-wave solution including l-soliton type solution if we use the modified simple equation method. Two cases with specific values of the involved parameters are plotted for each 2-wave and 3-wave solutions.展开更多
The main purpose of this study is to survey numerically comparison of two- phase and single phase of heat transfer and flow field of copper-water nanofluid in a wavy channel. The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） p...The main purpose of this study is to survey numerically comparison of two- phase and single phase of heat transfer and flow field of copper-water nanofluid in a wavy channel. The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） prediction is used for heat transfer and flow prediction of the single phase and three different two-phase models （mixture, volume of fluid （VOF）, and Eulerian）. The heat transfer coefficient, temperature, and velocity distributions are investigated. The results show that the differences between the temperature fie].d in the single phase and two-phase models are greater than those in the hydrodynamic tleld. Also, it is found that the heat transfer coefficient predicted by the single phase model is enhanced by increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles for all Reynolds numbers; while for the two-phase models, when the Reynolds number is low, increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles will enhance the heat transfer coefficient in the front and the middle of the wavy channel, but gradually decrease along the wavy channel.展开更多
A simple finite element method for the Reissner-Mindlin plate model in the primitive variables is presented and analyzed. The method uses conforming linear finite elements for both the transverse displacement and rota...A simple finite element method for the Reissner-Mindlin plate model in the primitive variables is presented and analyzed. The method uses conforming linear finite elements for both the transverse displacement and rotation. It is proved that the method converges with optimal order uniformly with respect to thickness.It is simpler and more economical than the Arnold-Falk element[1].展开更多
The modified simple equation method is employed to find the exact solutions of the nonlinear Kolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piskunov （KPP） equation. When certain parameters of the equations are chosen to be special values, t...The modified simple equation method is employed to find the exact solutions of the nonlinear Kolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piskunov （KPP） equation. When certain parameters of the equations are chosen to be special values, the solitary wave solutions are derived from the exact solutions. It is shown that the modified simple equation method provides an effective and powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.展开更多
The(3+1)-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov(ZK) and the new extended quantum ZK equations are functional to decipher the dense quantum plasma, ion-acoustic waves, electron thermal energy,ion plasma, quantum acoustic wave...The(3+1)-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov(ZK) and the new extended quantum ZK equations are functional to decipher the dense quantum plasma, ion-acoustic waves, electron thermal energy,ion plasma, quantum acoustic waves, and quantum Langmuir waves. The enhanced modified simple equation(EMSE) method is a substantial approach to determine competent solutions and in this article, we have constructed standard, illustrative, rich structured and further comprehensive soliton solutions via this method. The solutions are ascertained as the integration of exponential, hyperbolic,trigonometric and rational functions and formulate the bright solitons, periodic, compacton, bellshape, parabolic shape, singular periodic, plane shape and some new type of solitons. It is worth noting that the wave profile varies as the physical and subsidiary parameters change. The standard and advanced soliton solutions may be useful to assist in describing the physical phenomena previously mentioned. To open out the inward structure of the tangible incidents, we have portrayed the three-dimensional, contour plot, and two-dimensional graphs for different parametric values. The attained results demonstrate the EMSE technique for extracting soliton solutions to nonlinear evolution equations is efficient, compatible and reliable in nonlinear science and engineering.展开更多
Y2 Mo4 O15 particles were prepared using a simple solution method（SSM） and used as a highly efficient selective adsorbent for methylene blue（MB） in aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the samples...Y2 Mo4 O15 particles were prepared using a simple solution method（SSM） and used as a highly efficient selective adsorbent for methylene blue（MB） in aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the samples was determined based on the adsorption isotherms with different adsorbent doses at 298,318 and 338 K. The fittings of the temperature-dependent isotherms yield ΔrGm^θ=-34.1 kJ/mol,ΔrHm^θ-36.9 kJ/mol and ΔrSm^θ=-9.67 J/mol·K. The as-prepared Y2 Mo4 O15 has a very large maximum adsorption capacity（i.e., 198 mg/g） for MB at room temperature, and this value is only less than that of amorphous hardwood powder. Notably, 80 mg of adsorbent is able to completely decolorize 250 mL of 30 mg/L MB aqueous solution. The kinetic parameters of the adsorption process were obtained from the temperature-dependent adsorption isotherm（i.e., E1=26.9 kJ/mol and E1 = 63.8 kJ/mol）. The results of adsorption kinetics show that it is a pseudo-second-order reaction. The mechanism of the high selectivity and the large adsorption capacity is discussed based on competitive ion（CI） experiments and coordination theory.展开更多
The present study was designed to establish a multi-wavelength quantitative fingerprinting method for San-Huang Tablets(SHT), a widely used and commercially available herbal preparation, where high performance liquid ...The present study was designed to establish a multi-wavelength quantitative fingerprinting method for San-Huang Tablets(SHT), a widely used and commercially available herbal preparation, where high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with a diode array detector(DAD) was employed to obtain the fingerprint profiles. A simple linear quantitative fingerprint method(SLQFM)coupled with multi-ingredient simultaneous determination was developed to evaluate the quality consistency of the tested samples qualitatively and quantitatively. Additionally, the component–activity relationship between chromatographic fingerprints and total radical-scavenging capacity in vitro(as assessed using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) assay) was investigated by partial least squares regression(PLSR) analysis to predict the antioxidant capacity of new samples from the chromatographic fingerprints and identify the main active constituents that can be used as the target markers for the quality control of SHT. In conclusion, the strategy developed in the present study was effective and reliable, which can be employed for holistic evaluation and accurate discrimination for the quality consistency of SHT preparations and other traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and herbal preparations as well.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11174235
文摘A method of source depth estimation based on the multi-path time delay difference is proposed. When the minimum time arrivals in all receiver depths are snapped to a certain time on time delay-depth plane, time delay arrivals of surface-bottom reflection and bottom-surface reflection intersect at the source depth. Two hydrophones deployed vertically with a certain interval are required at least. If the receiver depths are known, the pair of time delays can be used to estimate the source depth. With the proposed method the source depth can be estimated successfully in a moderate range in the deep ocean without complicated matched-field calculations in the simulations and experiments.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11474215 and 21204058the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays are prepared by a simple method, which is a thermal annealing thin gold film deposited on anodie oxidized TiO2 nanotube arrays. These electron microscope images present that Au nanoparticles are well dispersed within the wall and on the surface of the XiO2 nanotubes. Meanwhile, the morphologies of Au nanoparticles can be controlled by changing the thickness of the deposited gold film. Associ- ated with the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances, the prepared Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays could work as visible light responsive photocatalysts to produce a greatly enhanced photocurrent density. By varying the initial gold film thickness, such Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays could be optimized to obtain the highest photocurrent generation efficiency in the visible and UV light regions.
文摘The main objective of this study is to generate accurate synthetic hourly solar radiation data by using an easily accessible open source data.In this regard,a new approach is proposed for estimation of synthetic hourly global solar radiation during the day by utilizing only annual solar energy data.First time in literature,a model has been developed for prediction hourly and daily solar radiation based on annual solar energy parameter in this study.Parameters of the model were generated and tested for Turkey and one of them was presented as a case study within this paper.Long term measured hourly horizontal solar irradiance data from a network of Turkish meteorological stations was used to calibrate the model function.The predictions are compared with the solar data available in literature for Turkey.The advanced simple new model is utilized in open source computer program and has the potential to be adapted to other countries.
基金Supported by Medical Science Research Project Plan by Health Commission of the Hebei Province,No.20220063.
文摘BACKGROUND Severe skeletal class II malocclusion is the indication for combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.CASE SUMMARY A woman with a chief complaint of a protruding chin and an inability to close her lips requested orthodontic camouflage.The treatment plan consisted of extracting the right upper third molar,right lower third molar,left lower second molar,and left upper third molar and moving the maxillary dentition distally using a convenient method involving microimplant nail anchors,push springs,long arm traction hooks,and elastic traction chains.After 52 months of treatment,her overbite and overjet were normal,and her facial profile was favorable.CONCLUSION This method can be used for distal movement of the maxillary dentition and to correct severe skeletal class II malocclusion in adults.
基金the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2011ZX02402)the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2011DFR10010)
文摘We develope a simple method to stabilize the beam during propagation. Combination of the self-developed control module and the large diameter mirrors reconstruct the beam stabilization system, and some important procedures are presented, such as calibration arid average filter. The results show that the horizontal pointing and vertical pointing are stabilized to within 8.43 and 7.59 μrad, and the beam horizontal position and vertical position are stabilized to within 2.16 and 2.11 μm respectively. The regulating time is within 84 ms. Thus the method presented is effective for the current stabilization system applied in lithography tools.
文摘The simplified procedure using shear wave velocity measurements is increasingly used to evaluate the seismic liquefaction potential of soils.This procedure is based on finding the boundary separating the liquefactionand non-liquefaction cases through the analysis of liquefaction case histories,following the general format of the Seed-Idriss simplified procedure based on standard penetration test(SPT)data.It is noted that many assumptions have been made in the simplified procedure.This paper develops a simple method for evaluating the liquefaction potential of soils from shear wave velocity by using the optimum seeking method to directly analyze the liquefaction history data and quantify the influence of major factors affecting the liquefactions potential of soils.The factors considered are the earthquake magnitude,the vertical effective overburden stress,the shear wave velocity,the peak acceleration at the ground surface of the site,and the fines content of the soil.The most important factor has been identified as the shear wave velocity.The developed method uses the measured data directly and in a very simple way.Neither stress-correction of shear wave velocity nor calculation of cyclic shear stress as in the simplified procedure is required.Comparisons indicate that the developed simple method has a higher success rate for evaluating liquefaction potential of soils than the simplified procedure.A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the developed simple method and further confirms its accuracy.
文摘The heart cannot regenerate muscle tissue after a heart attack has killed part of the muscle wall.That dead tissue can strain surrounding muscle,leading to a lethal heart enlargement.Biomedical engineers believe they can aid the failing heart by using pluripotent stem cells to grow heart muscle cells outside of the body,and then injecting those muscle cells or adding a patch made from those cells,at or near the site of the dead heart tissue.Experimental and clinical trial evidence with this approach has shown moderate improvement of the pumping ability of the heart's left ventricle.
文摘One-Way Traffic synthetic assessing can not only determine the assessment method, but can also provide an opportunity for further study of road systems. Comparing three Road Traffic Planning methods, which are Value Analysis method, Simple Array method and Step Analysis method, this paper concludes that Simple Array method has one prominent merit, avoiding the complicated relationship of various factors and simplifying the complex problem. Therefore Simple Array method is firstly presented in this paper to be the assessing measure to assess the One-Way Traffic Planning project. Although this assessing method cannot wholly give way to man’s will, through consistently testing on qualitative factors and with the decision-making results of a multi-program, this method is still an effective method. Using an example of Harbin One-Way Traffic planning, with seven assessing indexes including economic benefit index, Simple Array method is applied to synthetically assessing the program. This fully reflects the general function of One-Way Traffic planning program and objectively evaluates the program. It also proves that, as the method of One-Way Traffic synthetic assessing, Simple Array method is rational and practical.
文摘A sequential deposition method is developed, where the hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite （CH3NH3Pb （I1-xBrx）3 ） is synthesized using precursor solutions containing CH3NH3I and PbBr2 with different mole ratios and reaction times. The perovskite achieved here is quite stable in the atmosphere for a relatively long time without noticeable degradation, and the perovskite nanowires are proved to be single crystalline structure, based on transmission electron microscopy.Furthermore, strong red photoluminescence from perovskite is observed in the wavelength range from 746nm to 770nm with the increase of the reaction time, on account of the exchanges between I- ions and Br- ions in the perovskite crystal. Lastly, the influences of concentration and reaction time of the precursor solutions are discussed, which are important for evolution of hybrid perovskite from nanocuboid to nanowire and nanosheet.
文摘In this paper, we investigate some new traveling wave solutions to Vakhnenko-Parkes equation via three modified mathematical methods. The derived solutions have been obtained including periodic and solitons solutions in the form of trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational function solutions. The graphical representations of some solutions by assigning particular values to the parameters under prescribed conditions in each solutions and comparing of solutions with those gained by other authors indicate that these employed techniques are more effective, efficient and applicable mathematical tools for solving nonlinear problems in applied science.
文摘Time series prediction has been successfully used in several application areas, such as meteoro-logical forecasting, market prediction, network traffic forecasting, etc. , and a number of techniques have been developed for modeling and predicting time series. In the traditional exponential smoothing method, a fixed weight is assigned to data history, and the trend changes of time series are ignored. In this paper, an uncertainty reasoning method, based on cloud model, is employed in time series prediction, which uses cloud logic controller to adjust the smoothing coefficient of the simple exponential smoothing method dynamically to fit the current trend of the time series. The validity of this solution was proved by experiments on various data sets.
文摘In this article, the fractional derivatives in the sense of the modified Riemann-Liouville derivatives together with the modified simple equation method and the multiple exp-function method are employed for constructing the exact solutions and the solitary wave solutions for the nonlinear time fractional Sharma-Tasso- Olver equation. With help of Maple, we can get exact explicit l-wave, 2-wave and 3-wave solutions, which include l-soliton, 2-soliton and 3-soliton type solutions if we use the multiple exp-function method while we can get only exact explicit l-wave solution including l-soliton type solution if we use the modified simple equation method. Two cases with specific values of the involved parameters are plotted for each 2-wave and 3-wave solutions.
文摘The main purpose of this study is to survey numerically comparison of two- phase and single phase of heat transfer and flow field of copper-water nanofluid in a wavy channel. The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） prediction is used for heat transfer and flow prediction of the single phase and three different two-phase models （mixture, volume of fluid （VOF）, and Eulerian）. The heat transfer coefficient, temperature, and velocity distributions are investigated. The results show that the differences between the temperature fie].d in the single phase and two-phase models are greater than those in the hydrodynamic tleld. Also, it is found that the heat transfer coefficient predicted by the single phase model is enhanced by increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles for all Reynolds numbers; while for the two-phase models, when the Reynolds number is low, increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles will enhance the heat transfer coefficient in the front and the middle of the wavy channel, but gradually decrease along the wavy channel.
文摘A simple finite element method for the Reissner-Mindlin plate model in the primitive variables is presented and analyzed. The method uses conforming linear finite elements for both the transverse displacement and rotation. It is proved that the method converges with optimal order uniformly with respect to thickness.It is simpler and more economical than the Arnold-Falk element[1].
文摘The modified simple equation method is employed to find the exact solutions of the nonlinear Kolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piskunov （KPP） equation. When certain parameters of the equations are chosen to be special values, the solitary wave solutions are derived from the exact solutions. It is shown that the modified simple equation method provides an effective and powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.
文摘The(3+1)-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov(ZK) and the new extended quantum ZK equations are functional to decipher the dense quantum plasma, ion-acoustic waves, electron thermal energy,ion plasma, quantum acoustic waves, and quantum Langmuir waves. The enhanced modified simple equation(EMSE) method is a substantial approach to determine competent solutions and in this article, we have constructed standard, illustrative, rich structured and further comprehensive soliton solutions via this method. The solutions are ascertained as the integration of exponential, hyperbolic,trigonometric and rational functions and formulate the bright solitons, periodic, compacton, bellshape, parabolic shape, singular periodic, plane shape and some new type of solitons. It is worth noting that the wave profile varies as the physical and subsidiary parameters change. The standard and advanced soliton solutions may be useful to assist in describing the physical phenomena previously mentioned. To open out the inward structure of the tangible incidents, we have portrayed the three-dimensional, contour plot, and two-dimensional graphs for different parametric values. The attained results demonstrate the EMSE technique for extracting soliton solutions to nonlinear evolution equations is efficient, compatible and reliable in nonlinear science and engineering.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N162302001)the Basic Key Program of Applied Basic Research of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Hebei Province in China(15961005D)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2015020665)the Hebei Province Higher Education Research Project(ZD2017309)Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Campus Research Fund(XNK201602)
文摘Y2 Mo4 O15 particles were prepared using a simple solution method（SSM） and used as a highly efficient selective adsorbent for methylene blue（MB） in aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the samples was determined based on the adsorption isotherms with different adsorbent doses at 298,318 and 338 K. The fittings of the temperature-dependent isotherms yield ΔrGm^θ=-34.1 kJ/mol,ΔrHm^θ-36.9 kJ/mol and ΔrSm^θ=-9.67 J/mol·K. The as-prepared Y2 Mo4 O15 has a very large maximum adsorption capacity（i.e., 198 mg/g） for MB at room temperature, and this value is only less than that of amorphous hardwood powder. Notably, 80 mg of adsorbent is able to completely decolorize 250 mL of 30 mg/L MB aqueous solution. The kinetic parameters of the adsorption process were obtained from the temperature-dependent adsorption isotherm（i.e., E1=26.9 kJ/mol and E1 = 63.8 kJ/mol）. The results of adsorption kinetics show that it is a pseudo-second-order reaction. The mechanism of the high selectivity and the large adsorption capacity is discussed based on competitive ion（CI） experiments and coordination theory.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81560695)the Doctoral Research Fund of Dali University(No.KYBS201512)
文摘The present study was designed to establish a multi-wavelength quantitative fingerprinting method for San-Huang Tablets(SHT), a widely used and commercially available herbal preparation, where high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with a diode array detector(DAD) was employed to obtain the fingerprint profiles. A simple linear quantitative fingerprint method(SLQFM)coupled with multi-ingredient simultaneous determination was developed to evaluate the quality consistency of the tested samples qualitatively and quantitatively. Additionally, the component–activity relationship between chromatographic fingerprints and total radical-scavenging capacity in vitro(as assessed using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) assay) was investigated by partial least squares regression(PLSR) analysis to predict the antioxidant capacity of new samples from the chromatographic fingerprints and identify the main active constituents that can be used as the target markers for the quality control of SHT. In conclusion, the strategy developed in the present study was effective and reliable, which can be employed for holistic evaluation and accurate discrimination for the quality consistency of SHT preparations and other traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and herbal preparations as well.
