Background Cotton is a significant crop for fiber production;however,seed shape-related traits have been less investigated in comparison to fiber quality.Comprehending the genetic foundation of traits associated with ...Background Cotton is a significant crop for fiber production;however,seed shape-related traits have been less investigated in comparison to fiber quality.Comprehending the genetic foundation of traits associated with seed shape is crucial for improving the seed and fiber quality in cotton.Results A total of 238 cotton accessions were evaluated in four different environments over a period of two years.Traits including thousand grain weight(TGW),aspect ratio(AR),seed length,seed width,diameter,and roundness demonstrated high heritability and significant genetic variation,as indicated by phenotypic analysis.The association analysis involved 145 simple sequence repeats(SSR)markers and identified 50 loci significantly associated with six traits related to seed shape.The markers MON_DPL0504aa and BNL2535ba were identified as influencing multiple traits,including aspect ratio and thousand grain weight.Notably,markers such as HAU2588a and MUSS422aa had considerable influence on seed diameter and roundness.The identified markers represented an average phenotypic variance between 3.92%for seed length and 16.54%for TGW.Conclusions The research finds key loci for seed shape-related traits in cotton,providing significant potential for marker-assisted breeding.These findings establish a framework for breeding initiatives focused on enhancing seed quality,hence advancing the cotton production.展开更多
Submicron-sized peanut-shaped poly（methyl methacrylate）/polystyrene （PMMA/PS） particles were successfully synthesized by seeded soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene on the spherical crosslinked PMMA seed p...Submicron-sized peanut-shaped poly（methyl methacrylate）/polystyrene （PMMA/PS） particles were successfully synthesized by seeded soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene on the spherical crosslinked PMMA seed particles. The obtained peanut- shaped particles showed a novel internal morphology： PS phase formed one domain which linked to the other domain having PMMA core encased by PS shell.展开更多
Diamond single crystal was epitaxially grown on the surface of diamond seeds with rough planes at high pressure and high temperature(HPHT)conditions.Fe80Ni20alloy powder was used as catalyst/solvent and natural flake-...Diamond single crystal was epitaxially grown on the surface of diamond seeds with rough planes at high pressure and high temperature(HPHT)conditions.Fe80Ni20alloy powder was used as catalyst/solvent and natural flake-like graphite was used as carbon source.Diamond single crystals were grown on the diamond seeds at 4.8GPa and 1500K.The morphology of the samples was observed by SEM.The mechanism of diamond growth with smooth planes from original seed with rough planes was studied.展开更多
Grapevine is unique among crops because its domestication resulted not only in new morphological characteristics,but also in altered reproductive mechanisms.Viticulture involves a change from a dioecious to a hermaphr...Grapevine is unique among crops because its domestication resulted not only in new morphological characteristics,but also in altered reproductive mechanisms.Viticulture involves a change from a dioecious to a hermaphroditic mating system,which makes the reproductive system more efficient.In consequence and the fact that it is one of the oldest and most economically important cultivated plants,Vitis vinifera could be defined as an over-domesticated species.Here we review some key aspects in viticulture.The main areas of interest have remained consistent throughout history,including the origin and characterisation of cultivars,resistance to environmental con-ditions,pests and pathogens,and berry quality.Advances in genomic analysis and epigenetics shed new light on these aspects.Although the vine has a long and complex life cycle,recent haplotype sequencing techniques allow genomic characteristics related to different reproduction processes to be identified.Recent work on haplotype sequencing reveals genomic changes accompanying each reproductive type,providing improved detail about the sex-determining region(SDR).Meanwhile,the application of epigenetic analysis offers new tools for defining varietal characteristics and their responses to changing environmental conditions.However,critical issues,such as differentiating between sylvestris and feral cultivars,remain unclear.Understanding the molecular basis of morphological differences and investigating the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and genome dynamics in response to breeding and environmental factors in this species will be crucial.Seed morphology could help to resolve how to differentiate between wild and feral plants.展开更多
基金supported by the Fund for BTNYGG(NYHXGG,2023AA102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260510)+3 种基金the Key Project for Science,Technology Development of Shihezi city,Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops(2022NY01)Shihezi University high-level talent research project(RCZK202337)Science and Technology Major Project of the Department of Science and Technology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region(2022A03004-1)the Key Programs for Science and Technology Development in Agricultural Field of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps。
文摘Background Cotton is a significant crop for fiber production;however,seed shape-related traits have been less investigated in comparison to fiber quality.Comprehending the genetic foundation of traits associated with seed shape is crucial for improving the seed and fiber quality in cotton.Results A total of 238 cotton accessions were evaluated in four different environments over a period of two years.Traits including thousand grain weight(TGW),aspect ratio(AR),seed length,seed width,diameter,and roundness demonstrated high heritability and significant genetic variation,as indicated by phenotypic analysis.The association analysis involved 145 simple sequence repeats(SSR)markers and identified 50 loci significantly associated with six traits related to seed shape.The markers MON_DPL0504aa and BNL2535ba were identified as influencing multiple traits,including aspect ratio and thousand grain weight.Notably,markers such as HAU2588a and MUSS422aa had considerable influence on seed diameter and roundness.The identified markers represented an average phenotypic variance between 3.92%for seed length and 16.54%for TGW.Conclusions The research finds key loci for seed shape-related traits in cotton,providing significant potential for marker-assisted breeding.These findings establish a framework for breeding initiatives focused on enhancing seed quality,hence advancing the cotton production.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50943028)Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry
文摘Submicron-sized peanut-shaped poly（methyl methacrylate）/polystyrene （PMMA/PS） particles were successfully synthesized by seeded soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene on the spherical crosslinked PMMA seed particles. The obtained peanut- shaped particles showed a novel internal morphology： PS phase formed one domain which linked to the other domain having PMMA core encased by PS shell.
文摘Diamond single crystal was epitaxially grown on the surface of diamond seeds with rough planes at high pressure and high temperature(HPHT)conditions.Fe80Ni20alloy powder was used as catalyst/solvent and natural flake-like graphite was used as carbon source.Diamond single crystals were grown on the diamond seeds at 4.8GPa and 1500K.The morphology of the samples was observed by SEM.The mechanism of diamond growth with smooth planes from original seed with rough planes was studied.
文摘Grapevine is unique among crops because its domestication resulted not only in new morphological characteristics,but also in altered reproductive mechanisms.Viticulture involves a change from a dioecious to a hermaphroditic mating system,which makes the reproductive system more efficient.In consequence and the fact that it is one of the oldest and most economically important cultivated plants,Vitis vinifera could be defined as an over-domesticated species.Here we review some key aspects in viticulture.The main areas of interest have remained consistent throughout history,including the origin and characterisation of cultivars,resistance to environmental con-ditions,pests and pathogens,and berry quality.Advances in genomic analysis and epigenetics shed new light on these aspects.Although the vine has a long and complex life cycle,recent haplotype sequencing techniques allow genomic characteristics related to different reproduction processes to be identified.Recent work on haplotype sequencing reveals genomic changes accompanying each reproductive type,providing improved detail about the sex-determining region(SDR).Meanwhile,the application of epigenetic analysis offers new tools for defining varietal characteristics and their responses to changing environmental conditions.However,critical issues,such as differentiating between sylvestris and feral cultivars,remain unclear.Understanding the molecular basis of morphological differences and investigating the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and genome dynamics in response to breeding and environmental factors in this species will be crucial.Seed morphology could help to resolve how to differentiate between wild and feral plants.
