With the rapid development and widespread adoption of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the innovative concept of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)has emerged,ushering in a new era of intelligent transportation.Since vehi...With the rapid development and widespread adoption of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the innovative concept of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)has emerged,ushering in a new era of intelligent transportation.Since vehicles are mobile entities,they move across different domains and need to communicate with the Roadside Unit(RSU)in various regions.However,open environments are highly susceptible to becoming targets for attackers,posing significant risks of malicious attacks.Therefore,it is crucial to design a secure authentication protocol to ensure the security of communication between vehicles and RSUs,particularly in scenarios where vehicles cross domains.In this paper,we propose a provably secure cross-domain authentication and key agreement protocol for IoV.Our protocol comprises two authentication phases:intra-domain authentication and cross-domain authentication.To ensure the security of our protocol,we conducted rigorous analyses based on the ROR(Real-or-Random)model and Scyther.Finally,we show in-depth comparisons of our protocol with existing ones from both security and performance perspectives,fully demonstrating its security and efficiency.展开更多
To prevent server compromise attack and password guessing attacks,an improved and efficient verifier-based key exchange protocol for three-party is proposed,which enables two clients to agree on a common session key w...To prevent server compromise attack and password guessing attacks,an improved and efficient verifier-based key exchange protocol for three-party is proposed,which enables two clients to agree on a common session key with the help of the server.In this protocol,the client stores a plaintext version of the password,while the server stores a verifier for the password.And the protocol uses verifiers to authenticate between clients and the server.The security analysis and performance comparison of the proposed protocol shows that the protocol can resist many familiar attacks including password guessing attacks,server compromise attacks,man-in-the-middle attacks and Denning-Sacco attacks,and it is more efficient.展开更多
As the adoption of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs)grows,ensuring secure communication between smart vehicles and remote application servers(APPs)has become a critical challenge.While existing solutions focus on vari...As the adoption of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs)grows,ensuring secure communication between smart vehicles and remote application servers(APPs)has become a critical challenge.While existing solutions focus on various aspects of security,gaps remain in addressing both high security requirements and the resource-constrained nature of VANET environments.This paper proposes an extended-Kerberos protocol that integrates Physical Unclonable Function(PUF)for authentication and key agreement,offering a comprehensive solution to the security challenges in VANETs.The protocol facilitates mutual authentication and secure key agreement between vehicles and APPs,ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of vehicle-to-network(V2N)communications and preventing malicious data injection.Notably,by replacing traditional Kerberos password authentication with Challenge-Response Pairs(CRPs)generated by PUF,the protocol significantly reduces the risk of key leakage.The inherent properties of PUF—such as unclonability and unpredictability—make it an ideal defense against physical attacks,including intrusion,semi-intrusion,and side-channel attacks.The results of this study demonstrate that this approach not only enhances security but also optimizes communication efficiency,reduces latency,and improves overall user experience.The analysis proves that our protocol achieves at least 86%improvement in computational efficiency compared to some existed protocols.This is particularly crucial in resource-constrained VANET environments,where it enables efficient data transmission between vehicles and applications,reduces latency,and enhances the overall user experience.展开更多
As a model for the next generation of the Internet,the metaverse—a fully immersive,hyper-temporal virtual shared space—is transitioning from imagination to reality.At present,the metaverse has been widely applied in...As a model for the next generation of the Internet,the metaverse—a fully immersive,hyper-temporal virtual shared space—is transitioning from imagination to reality.At present,the metaverse has been widely applied in a variety of fields,including education,social entertainment,Internet of vehicles(IoV),healthcare,and virtual tours.In IoVs,researchers primarily focus on using the metaverse to improve the traffic safety of vehicles,while paying limited attention to passengers’social needs.At the same time,Social Internet ofVehicles(SIoV)introduces the concept of social networks in IoV to provide better resources and services for users.However,the problem of single interaction between SIoVand users has become increasingly prominent.In this paper,we first introduce a SIoVenvironment combined with the metaverse.In this environment,we adopt blockchain as the platform of the metaverse to provide a decentralized environment.Concerning passengers’social data may contain sensitive/private information,we then design an authentication and key agreement protocol calledMSIoV-AKAto protect the communications.Through formal security verifications in the real-or-random(ROR)model and using the AVISPA(Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications)tool,we firmly verify the security of the protocol.Finally,detailed comparisons are made between our protocol and robust protocols/schemes in terms of computational cost and communication cost.In addition,we implement the MSIoV-AKA protocol in the Ethereum test network and Hyperledger Sawtooth to show the practicality.展开更多
With the recent advances in quantum computing,the key agreement algorithm based on traditional cryptography theory,which is applied to the Internet of Things(IoT)scenario,will no longer be secure due to the possibilit...With the recent advances in quantum computing,the key agreement algorithm based on traditional cryptography theory,which is applied to the Internet of Things(IoT)scenario,will no longer be secure due to the possibility of information leakage.In this paper,we propose a anti-quantum dynamic authenticated group key agreement scheme(AQDA-GKA)according to the ring-learning with errors(RLWE)problem,which is suitable for IoT environments.First,the proposed AQDA-GKA scheme can implement a group key agreement against quantum computing attacks by leveraging an RLWE-based key agreement mechanism.Second,this scheme can achieve dynamic node management,ensuring that any node can freely join or exit the current group.Third,we formally prove that the proposed scheme can resist quantum computing attacks as well as collusion attacks.Finally,the performance and security analysis reveals that the proposed AQDA-GKA scheme is secure and effective.展开更多
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are increasingly recognized for their pivotal role in military and civilian applications,serving as essential technology for transmitting,evaluating,and gathering information.Unfortunatel...Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are increasingly recognized for their pivotal role in military and civilian applications,serving as essential technology for transmitting,evaluating,and gathering information.Unfortunately,this crucial process often occurs through unsecured wireless connections,exposing it to numerous cyber-physical attacks.Furthermore,UAVs’limited onboard computing resources make it challenging to perform complex cryptographic operations.The main aim of constructing a cryptographic scheme is to provide substantial security while reducing the computation and communication costs.This article introduces an efficient and secure cross-domain Authenticated Key Agreement(AKA)scheme that uses Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography(HECC).The HECC,a modified version of ECC with a smaller key size of 80 bits,is well-suited for use in UAVs.In addition,the proposed scheme is employed in a cross-domain environment that integrates a Public Key Infrastructure(PKI)at the receiving end and a Certificateless Cryptosystem(CLC)at the sending end.Integrating CLC with PKI improves network security by restricting the exposure of encryption keys only to the message’s sender and subsequent receiver.A security study employing ROM and ROR models,together with a comparative performance analysis,shows that the proposed scheme outperforms comparable existing schemes in terms of both efficiency and security.展开更多
This paper proposed two modifications on IKE protocol with pre-shared key authentication. The first modification can improve its immunity against DDoS attack by authenticating the initiator before the responder genera...This paper proposed two modifications on IKE protocol with pre-shared key authentication. The first modification can improve its immunity against DDoS attack by authenticating the initiator before the responder generates the computation-intensive Diffie-Hellman public value. The second modification can improve its efficiency when the attack on messages occurs because it can detect the attack quickly by replacing the centralized authentication in origical IKE protocol with immediate authentication. In addition, the two modifications can be integrated into one protocol compactly.展开更多
An authentication multiple key agreement protocol allows the users to compute more than one session keys in an authentication way. In the paper,an identity-based authentication multiple key agreement protocol is propo...An authentication multiple key agreement protocol allows the users to compute more than one session keys in an authentication way. In the paper,an identity-based authentication multiple key agreement protocol is proposed. Its authentication part is proven secure against existential forgery on adaptively chosen message and ID attacks under the random oracle model upon the CDH assumptions. The session keys are proven secure in a formal CK security model under the random oracle model upon the CBDH assumptions. Compared with the previous multiple key agreement protocols,it requires less communication cost.展开更多
Secure authentication between user equipment and 5G core network is a critical issue for 5G system.However,the traditional authentication protocol 5 G-AKA and the centralized key database are at risk of several securi...Secure authentication between user equipment and 5G core network is a critical issue for 5G system.However,the traditional authentication protocol 5 G-AKA and the centralized key database are at risk of several security problems,e.g.key leakage,impersonation attack,MitM attack and single point of failure.In this paper,a blockchain based asymmetric authentication and key agreement protocol(BC-AKA)is proposed for distributed 5G core network.In particular,the key used in the authentication process is replaced from a symmetric key to an asymmetric key,and the database used to store keys in conventional 5G core network is replaced with a blockchain network.A proof of concept system for distributed 5G core network is built based on Ethereum and ECC-Secp256 k1,and the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are verified by the experiment results.展开更多
When accessing remote services over public networks, a user authentication mechanism is required because these activities are executed in an insecure communication environment. Recently, Wang et al. proposed an authen...When accessing remote services over public networks, a user authentication mechanism is required because these activities are executed in an insecure communication environment. Recently, Wang et al. proposed an authentication and key agreement scheme preserving the privacy of secret keys and providing user anonymity. Later, Chang et al. indicated that their scheme suffers from two security flaws. First, it cannot resist DoS （denial-of-service） attack because the indicators for the next session are not consistent. Second, the user password may be modified by a malicious attacker because no authentication mechanism is applied before the user password is updated. To eliminate the security flaws and preserve the advantages of Wang et aL＇s scheme, we propose an improvement in this paper.展开更多
In this paper, the authors present a novel mutual authentication and key agreement protocol based on the Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) public key cryptography. The symmetric encryption, hash and “challenge-respo...In this paper, the authors present a novel mutual authentication and key agreement protocol based on the Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) public key cryptography. The symmetric encryption, hash and “challenge-response” techniques were adopted to build their protocol. To implement the mutual authentication and session key agreement, the proposed protocol contains two stages: namely initial procedure and real execution stage. Since the lightweight NTRU public key cryptography is employed, their protocol can not only overcome the security flaws of secret-key based authentication protocols such as those used in Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), but also provide greater security and lower computational complexity in comparison with currently well-known public key based wireless authentication schemes such as Beller-Yacobi and M.Aydos protocols.展开更多
To strike a tradeoff between the security and the consumption of energy,computing and communication resources in the nodes,this paper presents an efficient authentication scheme based on one-way key chain for sensor n...To strike a tradeoff between the security and the consumption of energy,computing and communication resources in the nodes,this paper presents an efficient authentication scheme based on one-way key chain for sensor network. The scheme can provide immediate authentication to fulfill the latency and the storage requirements and defends against various attacks such as replay,impersonation and denial of service. Meanwhile,our scheme possesses low overhead and scalability to large networks. Furthermore,the simple related protocols or algorithms in the scheme and inexpensive public-key operation required in view of resource-starved sensor nodes minimize the storage,computation and communication overhead,and improve the efficiency of our scheme. In addition,the proposed scheme also supports source authentication without precluding in-network processing and passive participation.展开更多
With the rapid advancement in exploring perceptual interactions and digital twins,metaverse technology has emerged to transcend the constraints of space-time and reality,facilitating remote AI-based collaboration.In t...With the rapid advancement in exploring perceptual interactions and digital twins,metaverse technology has emerged to transcend the constraints of space-time and reality,facilitating remote AI-based collaboration.In this dynamic metasystem environment,frequent information exchanges necessitate robust security measures,with Authentication and Key Agreement(AKA)serving as the primary line of defense to ensure communication security.However,traditional AKA protocols fall short in meeting the low-latency requirements essential for synchronous interactions within the metaverse.To address this challenge and enable nearly latency-free interactions,a novel low-latency AKA protocol based on chaotic maps is proposed.This protocol not only ensures mutual authentication of entities within the metasystem but also generates secure session keys.The security of these session keys is rigorously validated through formal proofs,formal verification,and informal proofs.When confronted with the Dolev-Yao(DY)threat model,the session keys are formally demonstrated to be secure under the Real-or-Random(ROR)model.The proposed protocol is further validated through simulations conducted using VMware workstation compiled in HLPSL language and C language.The simulation results affirm the protocol’s effectiveness in resisting well-known attacks while achieving the desired low latency for optimal metaverse interactions.展开更多
Satellite networks are recognized as the most essential communication infrastructures in the world today,which complement land networks and provide valuable services for their users.Extensive coverage and service stab...Satellite networks are recognized as the most essential communication infrastructures in the world today,which complement land networks and provide valuable services for their users.Extensive coverage and service stability of these networks have increased their popularity.Since eavesdropping and active intrusion in satellite communications are much easier than in terrestrial networks,securing satellite communications is vital.So far,several protocols have been proposed for authentication and key exchange of satellite communications,but none of them fullymeet the security requirements.In this paper,we examine one of these protocols and identify its security vulnerabilities.Moreover,we propose a robust and secure authentication and session key agreement protocol using the elliptic curve cryptography(ECC).We show that the proposed protocol meets common security requirements and is resistant to known security attacks.Moreover,we prove that the proposed scheme satisfies the security features using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications(AVISPA)formal verification tool and On-the fly Model-Checker(OFMC)and ATtack SEarcher(ATSE)model checkers.We have also proved the security of the session key exchange of our protocol using theReal orRandom(RoR)model.Finally,the comparison of our scheme with similar methods shows its superiority.展开更多
With the exponential growth of intelligent Internet of Things(IoT)applications,Cloud-Edge(CE)paradigm is emerging as a solution that facilitates resource-efficient and timely services.However,it remains an underlying ...With the exponential growth of intelligent Internet of Things(IoT)applications,Cloud-Edge(CE)paradigm is emerging as a solution that facilitates resource-efficient and timely services.However,it remains an underlying issue that frequent end-edgecloud communication is over a public or adversarycontrolled channel.Additionally,with the presence of resource-constrained devices,it’s imperative to conduct the secure communication mechanism,while still guaranteeing efficiency.Physical unclonable functions(PUF)emerge as promising lightweight security primitives.Thus,we first construct a PUF-based security mechanism for vulnerable IoT devices.Further,a provably secure and PUF-based authentication key agreement scheme is proposed for establishing the secure channel in end-edge-cloud empowered IoT,without requiring pre-loaded master keys.The security of our scheme is rigorously proven through formal security analysis under the random oracle model,and security verification using AVISPA tool.The comprehensive security features are also elaborated.Moreover,the numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms existing related schemes in terms of computational and communication efficiency.展开更多
Digital watermark can be used for image ownership verification orauthentication. In this paper, we propose a new image authentication plan concentrating on itssecurity performance. Digital watermark is first turbo cod...Digital watermark can be used for image ownership verification orauthentication. In this paper, we propose a new image authentication plan concentrating on itssecurity performance. Digital watermark is first turbo coded, sealed and then processed. In waveletdomain. To enhance security level, public key cryptosystem is utilized to replace traditionalwatermark key. Simulation results are finally given by experiment.展开更多
Please WBANs are a sensor network for detection and collection of sensitive data to the human body,which is lightweight and mobile.WBANs transmit sensitive and significant messages through the public channel,which mak...Please WBANs are a sensor network for detection and collection of sensitive data to the human body,which is lightweight and mobile.WBANs transmit sensitive and significant messages through the public channel,which makes it easy for an attacker to eavesdrop and modify the messages,thus posing a severe threat to the security of the messages.Therefore,it is essential to put in place authentication and key agreement between different communication nodes in WBANs.In this paper,a lightweight and secure authenticated key agreement protocol in wireless body area networks is designed.It is capable to reduce the cost of sensor node computation while ensuring security.Besides,an informal security analysis is conducted to discuss the security of the protocol against well-known attacks.Finally,the energy consumption of the protocol is evaluated,and the results show that the sensor nodes only need low storage cost,computational cost and communication cost.展开更多
With the increasing demand for information security,traditional single-factor authentication technology can no longer meet security requirements.To this end,this paper proposes a Universal Serial Bus(USB)Key hardware ...With the increasing demand for information security,traditional single-factor authentication technology can no longer meet security requirements.To this end,this paper proposes a Universal Serial Bus(USB)Key hardware and software system based on a two-factor authentication protocol,aiming to improve the security and reliability of authentication.This paper first analyzes the current status and technical principles of USB Key-related research domestically and internationally and designs a two-factor authentication protocol that combines impact/response authentication and static password authentication.The system consists of a host computer and a USB Key device.The host computer interacts with the USB Key through a graphical user interface.The Secure Hash Algorithm 1(SHA-1)and MySQL database are used to implement the authentication function.Experimental results show that the designed two-factor authentication protocol can effectively prevent replay attacks and information tampering,and improve the security of authentication.If the corresponding USB Key is not inserted,the system will prompt that the device is not found.Once the USB Key is inserted,user identity is confirmed through two-factor verification,which includes impact/response authentication and static password authentication.展开更多
Single-pixel imaging(SPI)enables an invisible target to be imaged onto a photosensitive surface without a lens,emerging as a promising way for indirect optical encryption.However,due to its linear and broadcast imagin...Single-pixel imaging(SPI)enables an invisible target to be imaged onto a photosensitive surface without a lens,emerging as a promising way for indirect optical encryption.However,due to its linear and broadcast imaging principles,SPI encryption has been confined to a single-user framework for the long term.We propose a multi-image SPI encryption method and combine it with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-assisted key management,to achieve a multiuser SPI encryption and authentication framework.Multiple images are first encrypted as a composite intensity sequence containing the plaintexts and authentication information,simultaneously generating different sets of keys for users.Then,the SPI keys for encryption and authentication are asymmetrically isolated into independent frequency carriers and encapsulated into a Malus metasurface,so as to establish an individually private and content-independent channel for each user.Users can receive different plaintexts privately and verify the authenticity,eliminating the broadcast transparency of SPI encryption.The improved linear security is also verified by simulating attacks.By the combination of direct key management and indirect image encryption,our work achieves the encryption and authentication functionality under a multiuser computational imaging framework,facilitating its application in optical communication,imaging,and security.展开更多
In the area of secure Web information system, mutual authentication and key agreement are essential between Web clients and servers. An efficient certificateless authenticated key agreement protocol for Web client/ser...In the area of secure Web information system, mutual authentication and key agreement are essential between Web clients and servers. An efficient certificateless authenticated key agreement protocol for Web client/server setting is proposed, which uses pairings on certain elliptic curves. We show that the newly proposed key agreement protocol is practical and of great efficiency, meanwhile, it satisfies every desired security require ments for key agreement protocols.展开更多
基金supported by the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant no.ZR202111230202).
文摘With the rapid development and widespread adoption of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the innovative concept of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)has emerged,ushering in a new era of intelligent transportation.Since vehicles are mobile entities,they move across different domains and need to communicate with the Roadside Unit(RSU)in various regions.However,open environments are highly susceptible to becoming targets for attackers,posing significant risks of malicious attacks.Therefore,it is crucial to design a secure authentication protocol to ensure the security of communication between vehicles and RSUs,particularly in scenarios where vehicles cross domains.In this paper,we propose a provably secure cross-domain authentication and key agreement protocol for IoV.Our protocol comprises two authentication phases:intra-domain authentication and cross-domain authentication.To ensure the security of our protocol,we conducted rigorous analyses based on the ROR(Real-or-Random)model and Scyther.Finally,we show in-depth comparisons of our protocol with existing ones from both security and performance perspectives,fully demonstrating its security and efficiency.
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863Program)(No.2001AA115300)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.20031018,20062023)
文摘To prevent server compromise attack and password guessing attacks,an improved and efficient verifier-based key exchange protocol for three-party is proposed,which enables two clients to agree on a common session key with the help of the server.In this protocol,the client stores a plaintext version of the password,while the server stores a verifier for the password.And the protocol uses verifiers to authenticate between clients and the server.The security analysis and performance comparison of the proposed protocol shows that the protocol can resist many familiar attacks including password guessing attacks,server compromise attacks,man-in-the-middle attacks and Denning-Sacco attacks,and it is more efficient.
基金supported in part by the Jiangsu“Qing Lan Project”,Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Major Research Project:23KJA520007)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX25_1303).
文摘As the adoption of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs)grows,ensuring secure communication between smart vehicles and remote application servers(APPs)has become a critical challenge.While existing solutions focus on various aspects of security,gaps remain in addressing both high security requirements and the resource-constrained nature of VANET environments.This paper proposes an extended-Kerberos protocol that integrates Physical Unclonable Function(PUF)for authentication and key agreement,offering a comprehensive solution to the security challenges in VANETs.The protocol facilitates mutual authentication and secure key agreement between vehicles and APPs,ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of vehicle-to-network(V2N)communications and preventing malicious data injection.Notably,by replacing traditional Kerberos password authentication with Challenge-Response Pairs(CRPs)generated by PUF,the protocol significantly reduces the risk of key leakage.The inherent properties of PUF—such as unclonability and unpredictability—make it an ideal defense against physical attacks,including intrusion,semi-intrusion,and side-channel attacks.The results of this study demonstrate that this approach not only enhances security but also optimizes communication efficiency,reduces latency,and improves overall user experience.The analysis proves that our protocol achieves at least 86%improvement in computational efficiency compared to some existed protocols.This is particularly crucial in resource-constrained VANET environments,where it enables efficient data transmission between vehicles and applications,reduces latency,and enhances the overall user experience.
基金supported by the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant no.ZR202111230202).
文摘As a model for the next generation of the Internet,the metaverse—a fully immersive,hyper-temporal virtual shared space—is transitioning from imagination to reality.At present,the metaverse has been widely applied in a variety of fields,including education,social entertainment,Internet of vehicles(IoV),healthcare,and virtual tours.In IoVs,researchers primarily focus on using the metaverse to improve the traffic safety of vehicles,while paying limited attention to passengers’social needs.At the same time,Social Internet ofVehicles(SIoV)introduces the concept of social networks in IoV to provide better resources and services for users.However,the problem of single interaction between SIoVand users has become increasingly prominent.In this paper,we first introduce a SIoVenvironment combined with the metaverse.In this environment,we adopt blockchain as the platform of the metaverse to provide a decentralized environment.Concerning passengers’social data may contain sensitive/private information,we then design an authentication and key agreement protocol calledMSIoV-AKAto protect the communications.Through formal security verifications in the real-or-random(ROR)model and using the AVISPA(Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications)tool,we firmly verify the security of the protocol.Finally,detailed comparisons are made between our protocol and robust protocols/schemes in terms of computational cost and communication cost.In addition,we implement the MSIoV-AKA protocol in the Ethereum test network and Hyperledger Sawtooth to show the practicality.
基金Supported by the National Engineering Research Center of Classified Protection and Safeguard Technology for Cybersecurity(No.C23640-XD-07)the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Security of Ministry of Education of China and Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography(No.KLCS20240301)。
文摘With the recent advances in quantum computing,the key agreement algorithm based on traditional cryptography theory,which is applied to the Internet of Things(IoT)scenario,will no longer be secure due to the possibility of information leakage.In this paper,we propose a anti-quantum dynamic authenticated group key agreement scheme(AQDA-GKA)according to the ring-learning with errors(RLWE)problem,which is suitable for IoT environments.First,the proposed AQDA-GKA scheme can implement a group key agreement against quantum computing attacks by leveraging an RLWE-based key agreement mechanism.Second,this scheme can achieve dynamic node management,ensuring that any node can freely join or exit the current group.Third,we formally prove that the proposed scheme can resist quantum computing attacks as well as collusion attacks.Finally,the performance and security analysis reveals that the proposed AQDA-GKA scheme is secure and effective.
文摘Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are increasingly recognized for their pivotal role in military and civilian applications,serving as essential technology for transmitting,evaluating,and gathering information.Unfortunately,this crucial process often occurs through unsecured wireless connections,exposing it to numerous cyber-physical attacks.Furthermore,UAVs’limited onboard computing resources make it challenging to perform complex cryptographic operations.The main aim of constructing a cryptographic scheme is to provide substantial security while reducing the computation and communication costs.This article introduces an efficient and secure cross-domain Authenticated Key Agreement(AKA)scheme that uses Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography(HECC).The HECC,a modified version of ECC with a smaller key size of 80 bits,is well-suited for use in UAVs.In addition,the proposed scheme is employed in a cross-domain environment that integrates a Public Key Infrastructure(PKI)at the receiving end and a Certificateless Cryptosystem(CLC)at the sending end.Integrating CLC with PKI improves network security by restricting the exposure of encryption keys only to the message’s sender and subsequent receiver.A security study employing ROM and ROR models,together with a comparative performance analysis,shows that the proposed scheme outperforms comparable existing schemes in terms of both efficiency and security.
文摘This paper proposed two modifications on IKE protocol with pre-shared key authentication. The first modification can improve its immunity against DDoS attack by authenticating the initiator before the responder generates the computation-intensive Diffie-Hellman public value. The second modification can improve its efficiency when the attack on messages occurs because it can detect the attack quickly by replacing the centralized authentication in origical IKE protocol with immediate authentication. In addition, the two modifications can be integrated into one protocol compactly.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10961013)
文摘An authentication multiple key agreement protocol allows the users to compute more than one session keys in an authentication way. In the paper,an identity-based authentication multiple key agreement protocol is proposed. Its authentication part is proven secure against existential forgery on adaptively chosen message and ID attacks under the random oracle model upon the CDH assumptions. The session keys are proven secure in a formal CK security model under the random oracle model upon the CBDH assumptions. Compared with the previous multiple key agreement protocols,it requires less communication cost.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2021YFE0205300Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(19JCYBJC15700)。
文摘Secure authentication between user equipment and 5G core network is a critical issue for 5G system.However,the traditional authentication protocol 5 G-AKA and the centralized key database are at risk of several security problems,e.g.key leakage,impersonation attack,MitM attack and single point of failure.In this paper,a blockchain based asymmetric authentication and key agreement protocol(BC-AKA)is proposed for distributed 5G core network.In particular,the key used in the authentication process is replaced from a symmetric key to an asymmetric key,and the database used to store keys in conventional 5G core network is replaced with a blockchain network.A proof of concept system for distributed 5G core network is built based on Ethereum and ECC-Secp256 k1,and the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are verified by the experiment results.
基金supported by National Science Council under Grant No. 98-2221-E-025-007- and 99-2410-H-025-010-MY2
文摘When accessing remote services over public networks, a user authentication mechanism is required because these activities are executed in an insecure communication environment. Recently, Wang et al. proposed an authentication and key agreement scheme preserving the privacy of secret keys and providing user anonymity. Later, Chang et al. indicated that their scheme suffers from two security flaws. First, it cannot resist DoS （denial-of-service） attack because the indicators for the next session are not consistent. Second, the user password may be modified by a malicious attacker because no authentication mechanism is applied before the user password is updated. To eliminate the security flaws and preserve the advantages of Wang et aL＇s scheme, we propose an improvement in this paper.
基金Project (No. 60372076) supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China
文摘In this paper, the authors present a novel mutual authentication and key agreement protocol based on the Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) public key cryptography. The symmetric encryption, hash and “challenge-response” techniques were adopted to build their protocol. To implement the mutual authentication and session key agreement, the proposed protocol contains two stages: namely initial procedure and real execution stage. Since the lightweight NTRU public key cryptography is employed, their protocol can not only overcome the security flaws of secret-key based authentication protocols such as those used in Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), but also provide greater security and lower computational complexity in comparison with currently well-known public key based wireless authentication schemes such as Beller-Yacobi and M.Aydos protocols.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60202005).
文摘To strike a tradeoff between the security and the consumption of energy,computing and communication resources in the nodes,this paper presents an efficient authentication scheme based on one-way key chain for sensor network. The scheme can provide immediate authentication to fulfill the latency and the storage requirements and defends against various attacks such as replay,impersonation and denial of service. Meanwhile,our scheme possesses low overhead and scalability to large networks. Furthermore,the simple related protocols or algorithms in the scheme and inexpensive public-key operation required in view of resource-starved sensor nodes minimize the storage,computation and communication overhead,and improve the efficiency of our scheme. In addition,the proposed scheme also supports source authentication without precluding in-network processing and passive participation.
基金This work has received funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42275157).
文摘With the rapid advancement in exploring perceptual interactions and digital twins,metaverse technology has emerged to transcend the constraints of space-time and reality,facilitating remote AI-based collaboration.In this dynamic metasystem environment,frequent information exchanges necessitate robust security measures,with Authentication and Key Agreement(AKA)serving as the primary line of defense to ensure communication security.However,traditional AKA protocols fall short in meeting the low-latency requirements essential for synchronous interactions within the metaverse.To address this challenge and enable nearly latency-free interactions,a novel low-latency AKA protocol based on chaotic maps is proposed.This protocol not only ensures mutual authentication of entities within the metasystem but also generates secure session keys.The security of these session keys is rigorously validated through formal proofs,formal verification,and informal proofs.When confronted with the Dolev-Yao(DY)threat model,the session keys are formally demonstrated to be secure under the Real-or-Random(ROR)model.The proposed protocol is further validated through simulations conducted using VMware workstation compiled in HLPSL language and C language.The simulation results affirm the protocol’s effectiveness in resisting well-known attacks while achieving the desired low latency for optimal metaverse interactions.
文摘Satellite networks are recognized as the most essential communication infrastructures in the world today,which complement land networks and provide valuable services for their users.Extensive coverage and service stability of these networks have increased their popularity.Since eavesdropping and active intrusion in satellite communications are much easier than in terrestrial networks,securing satellite communications is vital.So far,several protocols have been proposed for authentication and key exchange of satellite communications,but none of them fullymeet the security requirements.In this paper,we examine one of these protocols and identify its security vulnerabilities.Moreover,we propose a robust and secure authentication and session key agreement protocol using the elliptic curve cryptography(ECC).We show that the proposed protocol meets common security requirements and is resistant to known security attacks.Moreover,we prove that the proposed scheme satisfies the security features using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications(AVISPA)formal verification tool and On-the fly Model-Checker(OFMC)and ATtack SEarcher(ATSE)model checkers.We have also proved the security of the session key exchange of our protocol using theReal orRandom(RoR)model.Finally,the comparison of our scheme with similar methods shows its superiority.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,“Joint Research of IoT Security System and Key Technologies Based on Quantum Key,”under project number 2020YFE0200600.
文摘With the exponential growth of intelligent Internet of Things(IoT)applications,Cloud-Edge(CE)paradigm is emerging as a solution that facilitates resource-efficient and timely services.However,it remains an underlying issue that frequent end-edgecloud communication is over a public or adversarycontrolled channel.Additionally,with the presence of resource-constrained devices,it’s imperative to conduct the secure communication mechanism,while still guaranteeing efficiency.Physical unclonable functions(PUF)emerge as promising lightweight security primitives.Thus,we first construct a PUF-based security mechanism for vulnerable IoT devices.Further,a provably secure and PUF-based authentication key agreement scheme is proposed for establishing the secure channel in end-edge-cloud empowered IoT,without requiring pre-loaded master keys.The security of our scheme is rigorously proven through formal security analysis under the random oracle model,and security verification using AVISPA tool.The comprehensive security features are also elaborated.Moreover,the numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms existing related schemes in terms of computational and communication efficiency.
文摘Digital watermark can be used for image ownership verification orauthentication. In this paper, we propose a new image authentication plan concentrating on itssecurity performance. Digital watermark is first turbo coded, sealed and then processed. In waveletdomain. To enhance security level, public key cryptosystem is utilized to replace traditionalwatermark key. Simulation results are finally given by experiment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61872138).
文摘Please WBANs are a sensor network for detection and collection of sensitive data to the human body,which is lightweight and mobile.WBANs transmit sensitive and significant messages through the public channel,which makes it easy for an attacker to eavesdrop and modify the messages,thus posing a severe threat to the security of the messages.Therefore,it is essential to put in place authentication and key agreement between different communication nodes in WBANs.In this paper,a lightweight and secure authenticated key agreement protocol in wireless body area networks is designed.It is capable to reduce the cost of sensor node computation while ensuring security.Besides,an informal security analysis is conducted to discuss the security of the protocol against well-known attacks.Finally,the energy consumption of the protocol is evaluated,and the results show that the sensor nodes only need low storage cost,computational cost and communication cost.
基金funded by the College-level Characteristic Teaching Material Project(Project No.20220119Z0221)The College Teaching Incubation Project(Project No.20220120Z0220)+3 种基金The Ministry of Education Industry-University Cooperation Collaborative Education Project(Project No.20220163H0211)The Central Universities Basic Scientific Research Fund(Project No.3282024009,20230051Z0114,and 20230050Z0114)The Beijing Higher Education“Undergraduate Teaching Reform and Innovation Project”(Project No.20220121Z0208 and 202110018002)The College Discipline Construction Project(Project No.20230007Z0452 and 20230010Z0452)。
文摘With the increasing demand for information security,traditional single-factor authentication technology can no longer meet security requirements.To this end,this paper proposes a Universal Serial Bus(USB)Key hardware and software system based on a two-factor authentication protocol,aiming to improve the security and reliability of authentication.This paper first analyzes the current status and technical principles of USB Key-related research domestically and internationally and designs a two-factor authentication protocol that combines impact/response authentication and static password authentication.The system consists of a host computer and a USB Key device.The host computer interacts with the USB Key through a graphical user interface.The Secure Hash Algorithm 1(SHA-1)and MySQL database are used to implement the authentication function.Experimental results show that the designed two-factor authentication protocol can effectively prevent replay attacks and information tampering,and improve the security of authentication.If the corresponding USB Key is not inserted,the system will prompt that the device is not found.Once the USB Key is inserted,user identity is confirmed through two-factor verification,which includes impact/response authentication and static password authentication.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3900300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61860206007,62275177,and 62371321)+4 种基金Ministry of Education Science and Technology Chunhui Project(Grant No.HZKY20220559)International S and T Cooperation Program of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2023YFH0030)Sichuan Science and Technology Innovation Seeding Project(Grant No.23-YCG034)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2023YFG0334)Chengdu Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2022-GH02-00001-HZ).
文摘Single-pixel imaging(SPI)enables an invisible target to be imaged onto a photosensitive surface without a lens,emerging as a promising way for indirect optical encryption.However,due to its linear and broadcast imaging principles,SPI encryption has been confined to a single-user framework for the long term.We propose a multi-image SPI encryption method and combine it with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-assisted key management,to achieve a multiuser SPI encryption and authentication framework.Multiple images are first encrypted as a composite intensity sequence containing the plaintexts and authentication information,simultaneously generating different sets of keys for users.Then,the SPI keys for encryption and authentication are asymmetrically isolated into independent frequency carriers and encapsulated into a Malus metasurface,so as to establish an individually private and content-independent channel for each user.Users can receive different plaintexts privately and verify the authenticity,eliminating the broadcast transparency of SPI encryption.The improved linear security is also verified by simulating attacks.By the combination of direct key management and indirect image encryption,our work achieves the encryption and authentication functionality under a multiuser computational imaging framework,facilitating its application in optical communication,imaging,and security.
基金Supported bythe National Natural Science Foundationof China (60225007 ,60572155) the Science and Technology ResearchProject of Shanghai (04DZ07067)
文摘In the area of secure Web information system, mutual authentication and key agreement are essential between Web clients and servers. An efficient certificateless authenticated key agreement protocol for Web client/server setting is proposed, which uses pairings on certain elliptic curves. We show that the newly proposed key agreement protocol is practical and of great efficiency, meanwhile, it satisfies every desired security require ments for key agreement protocols.
