The rise of the“fishing reviewer”phenomenon presents a significant threat to the integrity of academic publishing,undermining the credibility of the peer review process and eroding trust in scientific journals.This ...The rise of the“fishing reviewer”phenomenon presents a significant threat to the integrity of academic publishing,undermining the credibility of the peer review process and eroding trust in scientific journals.This editorial explores the risk factors contributing to this troubling trend and identifies key indicators to recognize such reviewers.To address this issue,we propose strategies,including enhanced reviewer vetting,comprehensive training,and transparent recognition policies to foster a culture of accountability and ethical conduct in scholarly review.By implementing these measures,we can safeguard the quality and credibility of academic research.展开更多
English writing is also a crucial means of evaluating the language proficiency of a learner of English as second language.As a result, it is essential to review English writing researching in terms of contents, number...English writing is also a crucial means of evaluating the language proficiency of a learner of English as second language.As a result, it is essential to review English writing researching in terms of contents, number, methods, process, feedback and assessment which can guide our English writing teaching effectively.展开更多
During the Fifth Asian and Pacific International Fairs held in Beijing, the vice minister of State Economic and Trade Commission, Yu Xiaosong, gave a review of the economic situation and investment environment of Chin...During the Fifth Asian and Pacific International Fairs held in Beijing, the vice minister of State Economic and Trade Commission, Yu Xiaosong, gave a review of the economic situation and investment environment of China to business people and journalists of various countries. This year is a key year in China’s economic system reform. The reform schemes for financial and taxation, monetary, investment and foreign展开更多
The Editors of Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction wish to thank all reviewers listed below,as well as any others whose names may have been inadvertently omitted,for contributing their time and expertise in reviewin...The Editors of Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction wish to thank all reviewers listed below,as well as any others whose names may have been inadvertently omitted,for contributing their time and expertise in reviewing manuscripts submitted to the journal in 2025.Their efforts have greatly contributed to the continued growth and quality of the journal.Here we acknowledge,with special thanks,to those who reviewed one or more papers during the year.Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the list;we apologize for any errors or omissions.展开更多
We sincerely acknowledge all the experts who have dedicated their time and expertise during 2025 for reviewing manuscripts submitted to The Crop Journal.
Background Early detection with screening mammography can potentially reduce breast cancer mortality rates. To achieve an efficient screening, a peer review system provides a compensatory double-check reviewing, will ...Background Early detection with screening mammography can potentially reduce breast cancer mortality rates. To achieve an efficient screening, a peer review system provides a compensatory double-check reviewing, will hopefully to prevent the omission of detectable lesions and reduce unnecessary recall. Methods In 2009, 4643 initial mammographic screenings reported by 74 screening radiologists had negative results with a recall rate of less than 5%. In the same year, 2538 initial positives screened by 18 screening radiologists had a recall rate higher than 15%. Those 7181 randomized screenings were evenly distributed for reassessment by 39 reviewing radiologists. The disagreement of assessments between the reviewers and screening radiologists was recorded. The differential rate was defined as the number of the disagreements divided by the number of audited films reviewed by a screening radiologist. The equality of the differential rates for each screening radiologists with negative and positive assessments was compared by a Chi-square test. The performance of the 39 auditors was measured by the Kendalrs tau statistic. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean differential rate for screening radiologists of negative assessments was 6.7% （P=0.588）, while 35.0% for positive assessments were significant （P 〈0.001）. The result indicated that most of the initial negative assessments reported by the screening radiologists were generally accepted by the reviewers but not the positive assessments. With respect to the 39 reviewers, there was no significant evidence for the association of the difference rates between negative and positive assessments. Nine reviewers were found to have their differential rate for negative and positive assessments larger than the average of the population. Eleven reviewers were found to have their differential rates smaller than the average for both. Thirteen reviewers had their differential rates smaller than the average for negative assessments but larger than the average for positive assessments. The opposite condition was found for six reviewers. The Kendall＇s tau statistic was 0.038 （P=0.735）. Conclusions Reviewers usually agreed with the opinion of the initial screening doctors who reported negative findings. Therefore, a 5% recall rate as the lower range of reviewing negatives may be still too high. The recall rate of more than 15% was significantly related to improper interpretation, especially when the differential rate is 25% or higher, a warning to the underperforming screening radiologist is recommended. An ideal reviewer should interpret films independently. Reviewers with tendencies to be followers or contrarians should not be enrolled in the reviewing system.展开更多
Aims&Scope Grain&Oil Science and Technology(GOST),quarterly,is a peer-reviewed Open Access(OA)journal with distinctive features in the field of grain and oil food research.Upon acceptance all articles are perm...Aims&Scope Grain&Oil Science and Technology(GOST),quarterly,is a peer-reviewed Open Access(OA)journal with distinctive features in the field of grain and oil food research.Upon acceptance all articles are permanently and freely available on ScienceDirect.GOST publishes original research papers and relevant review articles focusing on grain and oil food science and technology.The journal primarily covers new achievements,advanced technologies,and research progress in key areas such as grain and oil food engineering,food science,and food safety.It is dedicated to building an international academic exchange platform for grain and oil food science and technology that spans the entire chain from post-harvest grain handling to food consumption.展开更多
The editors of International Journal of Ophthalmology gratefully acknowledge the members of IJO Editorial Board and reviewers from 51 countries and regions who participated in the peer-reviews and provided their valua...The editors of International Journal of Ophthalmology gratefully acknowledge the members of IJO Editorial Board and reviewers from 51 countries and regions who participated in the peer-reviews and provided their valuable comments between Nov.1st,2024 and Oct.31st,2025.They volunteer their valuable time and expertise,and without them we would not maintain the necessary quality expected of the journal.We apologize if we have inadvertently missed a reviewer’s name off this list.展开更多
1.Introduction Speaking with an audience as a scientific expert should not be intimidating.I have done more than my share in a variety of roles,so Professors Zhigang Peng(Georgia Tech)and Xiaodong Song(Peking Universi...1.Introduction Speaking with an audience as a scientific expert should not be intimidating.I have done more than my share in a variety of roles,so Professors Zhigang Peng(Georgia Tech)and Xiaodong Song(Peking University)asked me to review pertinent lessons.展开更多
2025年度,共有下列92位专家为本刊审稿,特提名致谢!(按姓名的汉语拼音顺序排列)Many thanks for our peer reviewers,listed below,for their time and hard work spent on review of manuscripts submitted to China Journal of Oral a...2025年度,共有下列92位专家为本刊审稿,特提名致谢!(按姓名的汉语拼音顺序排列)Many thanks for our peer reviewers,listed below,for their time and hard work spent on review of manuscripts submitted to China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in 2025 and their excellent support of the editorial process.Sincerely congratulating our authors who have published their high quality work in China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.The future of our journal is bright and it will continue to serve as a top-notch interdisciplinary resources for clinicians involved in the care of patients with oral and maxillofacial disorders,and for scientists striving to elucidate the mechanisms and therapy for these diseases.展开更多
Green transplant refers to the realization of the importance of understanding and improving the environmental footprint of transplantation through sustainable practices.This involves assessing the entire transplantati...Green transplant refers to the realization of the importance of understanding and improving the environmental footprint of transplantation through sustainable practices.This involves assessing the entire transplantation process including preoperative evaluation,donation,organ and patient transportation,surgery,postoperative recovery,and follow-up.This is a topic that has not been fully addressed yet,but its importance is being increasingly appreciated in surgery.The aim of this study was to investigate the carbon footprint associated with transplantation and propose sustainable mitigating solutions.A comprehensive review of the existing literature on transplantation was conducted and supplemented with findings from the broader fields of surgical and perioperative care,given the scarcity of available data.The analysis identified the most involved environmental factors and attempted to offer practical solutions based on current sustainability practices.Notably,no study has yet examined the carbon footprint associated with the entire transplantation procedure.Only five studies have attempted to assess the environmental impact of kidney or liver transplants,but they focused,almost explicitly,on specific steps of the process.By employing an extrapolative methodology from the broader surgical field,we determined that the primary contributors to the environmental impact of transplantation are energy,consumables and materials,anesthesia and pharmaceuticals,transportation,and water.This review offers practical solutions utilizing the 5R framework,emphasizing sustainability to ensure transplantation remains clinically and environmentally relevant.展开更多
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pa...Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.展开更多
With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,its applications have become increasingly widespread across various aspects of geography,offering unprecedented analytical capabilities across disc...With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,its applications have become increasingly widespread across various aspects of geography,offering unprecedented analytical capabilities across disciplinary boundaries.Despite this revolutionary potential,a comprehensive understanding of the current research landscape and development trajectory of AI in geographical sciences remains limited.To fill this gap,we conducted a large-scale systematic review based on 400,000 geographical publications published from 1990 to 2023.We utilized large language model(LLM)prompt engineering,topic modeling and other natural language processing techniques to analyze the publications.Our findings reveal that AI applications constitute 8.1% of geographical research,with publication volume having increased 20-fold over three decades.Both China and the United States have been the leading contributors to AI-driven geographical studies,together accounting for 62.78% of all publications in this field.Notably,more than half of the studies used traditional machine learning methods.Among the various geographical topics,remote sensing applications and spatial data analysis emerged as the most extensively explored areas using AI techniques,with image feature extraction being the topic with the deepest level of adoption and most significant ongoing impact of AI methods.This systematic review provides critical insights into the integration trajectory of AI within geographical sciences,establishing a foundation for identifying emerging research opportunities and enhancing our understanding of AI’s transformative role in advancing geographical knowledge.展开更多
Epilepsy,a common neurological disorder,is characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to cognitive,psychological,and neurobiological consequences.The pathogenesis of epilepsy involves neuronal dysfunction at th...Epilepsy,a common neurological disorder,is characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to cognitive,psychological,and neurobiological consequences.The pathogenesis of epilepsy involves neuronal dysfunction at the molecular,cellular,and neural circuit levels.Abnormal molecular signaling pathways or dysfunction of specific cell types can lead to epilepsy by disrupting the normal functioning of neural circuits.The continuous emergence of new technologies and the rapid advancement of existing ones have facilitated the discovery and comprehensive understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying epilepsy.Therefore,this review aims to investigate the current understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms in epilepsy based on various technologies,including electroencephalography,magnetic resonance imaging,optogenetics,chemogenetics,deep brain stimulation,and brain-computer interfaces.Additionally,this review discusses these mechanisms from three perspectives:structural,synaptic,and transmitter circuits.The findings reveal that the neural circuit mechanisms of epilepsy encompass information transmission among different structures,interactions within the same structure,and the maintenance of homeostasis at the cellular,synaptic,and neurotransmitter levels.These findings offer new insights for investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and enhancing its clinical diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Sport-related concussion(SRC)and its potential neurological sequela represent an emerging global health concern,requiring improved recovery management and strategies for return-to-play(RTP)to enhance brain health in a...Sport-related concussion(SRC)and its potential neurological sequela represent an emerging global health concern,requiring improved recovery management and strategies for return-to-play(RTP)to enhance brain health in athletes.Given the dynamic and multifaceted nature of SRC recovery,the purpose of this review is to synthesize existing literature on post-SRC outcomes in adult athletes,and to outline the temporal trajectories of key recovery indicators(symptoms,cognitive function,blood biomarkers)across distinct recovery phases until resolution.In the acute phase of SRC(first 48 h),symptom scores and brain damage markers peaked immediately,while cognitive impairments and neuroinflammation emerged with a slight delay.Following the initial rise,brain damage marker concentrations rapidly dropped below baseline levels at approximately 48 h following SRC injury.During the early recovery phase,neuroinflammation and most cognitive alterations resolved after 3–5 days,though symptom burden and attention deficits persisted for up to 7 days.Despite prolonged alterations reported in some individuals,recovery markers typically returned to pre-injury levels in the transition phase(≤2 weeks),though mild attention deficits were detected up to 3 weeks,and TNF-α concentrations remained elevated throughout late recovery(>2 weeks).These results reveal distinct temporal discrepancies across recovery markers and emphasize that physiological disturbances can outlast symptom resolution,underscoring the need for both multimodal assessments and appropriately timed evaluations to accurately track recovery progression.Incorporating structured follow-ups at key time points,particularly beyond symptom resolution,may improve RTP decision-making and reduce the risk of premature return and long-term neurological consequences.展开更多
This scoping review aims to synthesize evidence on exercise interventions for adolescents with depression by examining their components and evaluating their effects,thereby informing the development of standardized ex...This scoping review aims to synthesize evidence on exercise interventions for adolescents with depression by examining their components and evaluating their effects,thereby informing the development of standardized exercise programs for this population.Based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping reviews,the following databases were systematically searched:PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,EBSCO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,VIP Database,and China Biomedical Literature Database.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the original studies applying exercise intervention in adolescents with depression were screened.A total of 9 papers were included,including 7 randomized controlled trials,1 quasi-experimental study,and 1 mixed study.The types of exercise interventions included aerobic exercise,resistance training,anti-gravity exercise,and stretching.The frequency of exercise was 30–60 min,3–5 times per week in most studies,with most intensities being moderate to high.Exercise intervention is feasible and effective in adolescents with depression.Nursing staff play a crucial role in implementing and supervising these interventions,from initial assessment to continuous monitoring of motivation and safety.In future studies,healthcare professionals should focus on assessing the condition and physical functional status of adolescents with depression and improving the specific content of exercise intervention to develop a scientific and standardized exercise training program for adolescents with depression.展开更多
Objective:This integrative review aims to synthesize observational evidence on the prevalence,predictors,and psychosocial correlates of death anxiety in patients with hear t failure(HF).Methods:A comprehensive literat...Objective:This integrative review aims to synthesize observational evidence on the prevalence,predictors,and psychosocial correlates of death anxiety in patients with hear t failure(HF).Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted using 5 major databases:Scopus,Pub Med,Science Direct,Embase,and Pro Quest.Inclusion criteria were primary research studies published in English between January 2014 and March 2025 that quantitatively assessed death anxiety among patients with HF and explored its associations with demographic,clinical,or psychosocial variables.Results:A total of 12 eligible studies were identified and systematically reviewed,revealing that death anxiety is moderate to high among most samples.Key predictors of this anxiety included older age,feelings of loneliness,low socioeconomic status,and longer duration of HF.Additionally,several studies highlighted protective factors such as spiritual orientation,religious coping,and resilience.Interventions,including cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)and illness perception training,showed significant reductions in death anxiety.Conclusions:Death anxiety is a prevalent and impactful concern among Patients with HF,influenced by both individual and contextual factors.Routine assessment and integration of psychosocial and spiritual care—alongside evidence-based psychological interventions—are essential to address this critical aspect of HF management.展开更多
文摘The rise of the“fishing reviewer”phenomenon presents a significant threat to the integrity of academic publishing,undermining the credibility of the peer review process and eroding trust in scientific journals.This editorial explores the risk factors contributing to this troubling trend and identifies key indicators to recognize such reviewers.To address this issue,we propose strategies,including enhanced reviewer vetting,comprehensive training,and transparent recognition policies to foster a culture of accountability and ethical conduct in scholarly review.By implementing these measures,we can safeguard the quality and credibility of academic research.
文摘English writing is also a crucial means of evaluating the language proficiency of a learner of English as second language.As a result, it is essential to review English writing researching in terms of contents, number, methods, process, feedback and assessment which can guide our English writing teaching effectively.
文摘During the Fifth Asian and Pacific International Fairs held in Beijing, the vice minister of State Economic and Trade Commission, Yu Xiaosong, gave a review of the economic situation and investment environment of China to business people and journalists of various countries. This year is a key year in China’s economic system reform. The reform schemes for financial and taxation, monetary, investment and foreign
文摘The Editors of Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction wish to thank all reviewers listed below,as well as any others whose names may have been inadvertently omitted,for contributing their time and expertise in reviewing manuscripts submitted to the journal in 2025.Their efforts have greatly contributed to the continued growth and quality of the journal.Here we acknowledge,with special thanks,to those who reviewed one or more papers during the year.Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the list;we apologize for any errors or omissions.
文摘We sincerely acknowledge all the experts who have dedicated their time and expertise during 2025 for reviewing manuscripts submitted to The Crop Journal.
文摘Background Early detection with screening mammography can potentially reduce breast cancer mortality rates. To achieve an efficient screening, a peer review system provides a compensatory double-check reviewing, will hopefully to prevent the omission of detectable lesions and reduce unnecessary recall. Methods In 2009, 4643 initial mammographic screenings reported by 74 screening radiologists had negative results with a recall rate of less than 5%. In the same year, 2538 initial positives screened by 18 screening radiologists had a recall rate higher than 15%. Those 7181 randomized screenings were evenly distributed for reassessment by 39 reviewing radiologists. The disagreement of assessments between the reviewers and screening radiologists was recorded. The differential rate was defined as the number of the disagreements divided by the number of audited films reviewed by a screening radiologist. The equality of the differential rates for each screening radiologists with negative and positive assessments was compared by a Chi-square test. The performance of the 39 auditors was measured by the Kendalrs tau statistic. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean differential rate for screening radiologists of negative assessments was 6.7% （P=0.588）, while 35.0% for positive assessments were significant （P 〈0.001）. The result indicated that most of the initial negative assessments reported by the screening radiologists were generally accepted by the reviewers but not the positive assessments. With respect to the 39 reviewers, there was no significant evidence for the association of the difference rates between negative and positive assessments. Nine reviewers were found to have their differential rate for negative and positive assessments larger than the average of the population. Eleven reviewers were found to have their differential rates smaller than the average for both. Thirteen reviewers had their differential rates smaller than the average for negative assessments but larger than the average for positive assessments. The opposite condition was found for six reviewers. The Kendall＇s tau statistic was 0.038 （P=0.735）. Conclusions Reviewers usually agreed with the opinion of the initial screening doctors who reported negative findings. Therefore, a 5% recall rate as the lower range of reviewing negatives may be still too high. The recall rate of more than 15% was significantly related to improper interpretation, especially when the differential rate is 25% or higher, a warning to the underperforming screening radiologist is recommended. An ideal reviewer should interpret films independently. Reviewers with tendencies to be followers or contrarians should not be enrolled in the reviewing system.
文摘Aims&Scope Grain&Oil Science and Technology(GOST),quarterly,is a peer-reviewed Open Access(OA)journal with distinctive features in the field of grain and oil food research.Upon acceptance all articles are permanently and freely available on ScienceDirect.GOST publishes original research papers and relevant review articles focusing on grain and oil food science and technology.The journal primarily covers new achievements,advanced technologies,and research progress in key areas such as grain and oil food engineering,food science,and food safety.It is dedicated to building an international academic exchange platform for grain and oil food science and technology that spans the entire chain from post-harvest grain handling to food consumption.
文摘The editors of International Journal of Ophthalmology gratefully acknowledge the members of IJO Editorial Board and reviewers from 51 countries and regions who participated in the peer-reviews and provided their valuable comments between Nov.1st,2024 and Oct.31st,2025.They volunteer their valuable time and expertise,and without them we would not maintain the necessary quality expected of the journal.We apologize if we have inadvertently missed a reviewer’s name off this list.
基金Support was provided by NSF(grant No.EAR-2041892)
文摘1.Introduction Speaking with an audience as a scientific expert should not be intimidating.I have done more than my share in a variety of roles,so Professors Zhigang Peng(Georgia Tech)and Xiaodong Song(Peking University)asked me to review pertinent lessons.
文摘2025年度,共有下列92位专家为本刊审稿,特提名致谢!(按姓名的汉语拼音顺序排列)Many thanks for our peer reviewers,listed below,for their time and hard work spent on review of manuscripts submitted to China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in 2025 and their excellent support of the editorial process.Sincerely congratulating our authors who have published their high quality work in China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.The future of our journal is bright and it will continue to serve as a top-notch interdisciplinary resources for clinicians involved in the care of patients with oral and maxillofacial disorders,and for scientists striving to elucidate the mechanisms and therapy for these diseases.
文摘Green transplant refers to the realization of the importance of understanding and improving the environmental footprint of transplantation through sustainable practices.This involves assessing the entire transplantation process including preoperative evaluation,donation,organ and patient transportation,surgery,postoperative recovery,and follow-up.This is a topic that has not been fully addressed yet,but its importance is being increasingly appreciated in surgery.The aim of this study was to investigate the carbon footprint associated with transplantation and propose sustainable mitigating solutions.A comprehensive review of the existing literature on transplantation was conducted and supplemented with findings from the broader fields of surgical and perioperative care,given the scarcity of available data.The analysis identified the most involved environmental factors and attempted to offer practical solutions based on current sustainability practices.Notably,no study has yet examined the carbon footprint associated with the entire transplantation procedure.Only five studies have attempted to assess the environmental impact of kidney or liver transplants,but they focused,almost explicitly,on specific steps of the process.By employing an extrapolative methodology from the broader surgical field,we determined that the primary contributors to the environmental impact of transplantation are energy,consumables and materials,anesthesia and pharmaceuticals,transportation,and water.This review offers practical solutions utilizing the 5R framework,emphasizing sustainability to ensure transplantation remains clinically and environmentally relevant.
基金supported by grants from Collaborative Research Fund(Ref:C4032-21GF)General Research Grant(Ref:14114822)+1 种基金Group Research Scheme(Ref:3110146)Area of Excellence(Ref:Ao E/M-402/20)。
文摘Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB0740100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42571540 and 42222110).
文摘With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,its applications have become increasingly widespread across various aspects of geography,offering unprecedented analytical capabilities across disciplinary boundaries.Despite this revolutionary potential,a comprehensive understanding of the current research landscape and development trajectory of AI in geographical sciences remains limited.To fill this gap,we conducted a large-scale systematic review based on 400,000 geographical publications published from 1990 to 2023.We utilized large language model(LLM)prompt engineering,topic modeling and other natural language processing techniques to analyze the publications.Our findings reveal that AI applications constitute 8.1% of geographical research,with publication volume having increased 20-fold over three decades.Both China and the United States have been the leading contributors to AI-driven geographical studies,together accounting for 62.78% of all publications in this field.Notably,more than half of the studies used traditional machine learning methods.Among the various geographical topics,remote sensing applications and spatial data analysis emerged as the most extensively explored areas using AI techniques,with image feature extraction being the topic with the deepest level of adoption and most significant ongoing impact of AI methods.This systematic review provides critical insights into the integration trajectory of AI within geographical sciences,establishing a foundation for identifying emerging research opportunities and enhancing our understanding of AI’s transformative role in advancing geographical knowledge.
基金supported by Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Shanxi Province,No.20210302123486(to WJ).
文摘Epilepsy,a common neurological disorder,is characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to cognitive,psychological,and neurobiological consequences.The pathogenesis of epilepsy involves neuronal dysfunction at the molecular,cellular,and neural circuit levels.Abnormal molecular signaling pathways or dysfunction of specific cell types can lead to epilepsy by disrupting the normal functioning of neural circuits.The continuous emergence of new technologies and the rapid advancement of existing ones have facilitated the discovery and comprehensive understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying epilepsy.Therefore,this review aims to investigate the current understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms in epilepsy based on various technologies,including electroencephalography,magnetic resonance imaging,optogenetics,chemogenetics,deep brain stimulation,and brain-computer interfaces.Additionally,this review discusses these mechanisms from three perspectives:structural,synaptic,and transmitter circuits.The findings reveal that the neural circuit mechanisms of epilepsy encompass information transmission among different structures,interactions within the same structure,and the maintenance of homeostasis at the cellular,synaptic,and neurotransmitter levels.These findings offer new insights for investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and enhancing its clinical diagnosis and treatment.
文摘Sport-related concussion(SRC)and its potential neurological sequela represent an emerging global health concern,requiring improved recovery management and strategies for return-to-play(RTP)to enhance brain health in athletes.Given the dynamic and multifaceted nature of SRC recovery,the purpose of this review is to synthesize existing literature on post-SRC outcomes in adult athletes,and to outline the temporal trajectories of key recovery indicators(symptoms,cognitive function,blood biomarkers)across distinct recovery phases until resolution.In the acute phase of SRC(first 48 h),symptom scores and brain damage markers peaked immediately,while cognitive impairments and neuroinflammation emerged with a slight delay.Following the initial rise,brain damage marker concentrations rapidly dropped below baseline levels at approximately 48 h following SRC injury.During the early recovery phase,neuroinflammation and most cognitive alterations resolved after 3–5 days,though symptom burden and attention deficits persisted for up to 7 days.Despite prolonged alterations reported in some individuals,recovery markers typically returned to pre-injury levels in the transition phase(≤2 weeks),though mild attention deficits were detected up to 3 weeks,and TNF-α concentrations remained elevated throughout late recovery(>2 weeks).These results reveal distinct temporal discrepancies across recovery markers and emphasize that physiological disturbances can outlast symptom resolution,underscoring the need for both multimodal assessments and appropriately timed evaluations to accurately track recovery progression.Incorporating structured follow-ups at key time points,particularly beyond symptom resolution,may improve RTP decision-making and reduce the risk of premature return and long-term neurological consequences.
文摘This scoping review aims to synthesize evidence on exercise interventions for adolescents with depression by examining their components and evaluating their effects,thereby informing the development of standardized exercise programs for this population.Based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping reviews,the following databases were systematically searched:PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,EBSCO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,VIP Database,and China Biomedical Literature Database.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the original studies applying exercise intervention in adolescents with depression were screened.A total of 9 papers were included,including 7 randomized controlled trials,1 quasi-experimental study,and 1 mixed study.The types of exercise interventions included aerobic exercise,resistance training,anti-gravity exercise,and stretching.The frequency of exercise was 30–60 min,3–5 times per week in most studies,with most intensities being moderate to high.Exercise intervention is feasible and effective in adolescents with depression.Nursing staff play a crucial role in implementing and supervising these interventions,from initial assessment to continuous monitoring of motivation and safety.In future studies,healthcare professionals should focus on assessing the condition and physical functional status of adolescents with depression and improving the specific content of exercise intervention to develop a scientific and standardized exercise training program for adolescents with depression.
文摘Objective:This integrative review aims to synthesize observational evidence on the prevalence,predictors,and psychosocial correlates of death anxiety in patients with hear t failure(HF).Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted using 5 major databases:Scopus,Pub Med,Science Direct,Embase,and Pro Quest.Inclusion criteria were primary research studies published in English between January 2014 and March 2025 that quantitatively assessed death anxiety among patients with HF and explored its associations with demographic,clinical,or psychosocial variables.Results:A total of 12 eligible studies were identified and systematically reviewed,revealing that death anxiety is moderate to high among most samples.Key predictors of this anxiety included older age,feelings of loneliness,low socioeconomic status,and longer duration of HF.Additionally,several studies highlighted protective factors such as spiritual orientation,religious coping,and resilience.Interventions,including cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)and illness perception training,showed significant reductions in death anxiety.Conclusions:Death anxiety is a prevalent and impactful concern among Patients with HF,influenced by both individual and contextual factors.Routine assessment and integration of psychosocial and spiritual care—alongside evidence-based psychological interventions—are essential to address this critical aspect of HF management.
