Understanding the tire‒road friction system is fundamental for evaluating the skid resistance of asphalt pavements.Literature analysis reveals that the trajectory of tire–road friction research aligns with the evolut...Understanding the tire‒road friction system is fundamental for evaluating the skid resistance of asphalt pavements.Literature analysis reveals that the trajectory of tire–road friction research aligns with the evolution of scientific research paradigms:experimental science,theoretical science,computational science,and data science.Research in this field can be categorized into three scales:the rubber‒pavement scale,the tire‒road scale,and the vehicle scale.Experimental observations have yielded numerous patterns and empirical models,which serve as the foundation of this research field.Although numerical measurement devices have been used for decades,the reproducibility and comparability of the results require further improvement.Tire‒road friction theory and simulations have been well developed across these three scales,but these scales remain largely independent and unconnected.With the advancement of sensing technology,texture features have been widely exploited and used as inputs for various machine learning models to estimate pavement skid resistance.However,these models are limited in their ability to integrate friction mechanisms,resulting in relatively low interpretability.In summary,the synergistic development of the four research paradigms can promote and advance the understanding and application of tire‒road friction mechanisms.This review concludes with a discussion of current challenges and future trends,drawing implications for further research in this field.展开更多
The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)is fundamentally reshaping the scientific research,giving rise to a new era of discovery and innovation.This paper explores this transformative shift,introducing an innova...The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)is fundamentally reshaping the scientific research,giving rise to a new era of discovery and innovation.This paper explores this transformative shift,introducing an innovative concept of the“AI-Driven Research Ecosystem”,a dynamic and collaborative research environment.Within this ecosystem,we focus on the unification of human-AI collaboration models and the emerging new research thinking paradigms.We analyze the multifaceted roles of AI within the research lifecycle,spanning from a passive tool to an active assistant and autonomous participants,and categorize these interactions into distinct human-AI collaboration models.Furthermore,we examine how the pervasive involvement of AI necessitates an evolution in human research thinking,emphasizing the significant roles of critical,creative,and computational thinking.Through a review of existing literature and illustrative case studies,this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the AI-driven research ecosystem,highlighting its potential for transforming scientific research.Our findings advance the current understanding of AI’s multiple roles in research and underscore its capacity to revolutionize both knowledge discovery and collaborative innovation,paving the way for a more integrated and impactful research paradigm.展开更多
The 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference(WAIC)and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance was held in Shanghai from July 26-29,2025.During this conference,many new artificial intelligence(AI)ideas were sha...The 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference(WAIC)and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance was held in Shanghai from July 26-29,2025.During this conference,many new artificial intelligence(AI)ideas were shared by leading AI pioneers,such as Geoffrey Hinton,Yoshua Bengio,and Andrew Chi-Chih Yao.More than 40 new AI models were released,and more than 60 robots were demonstrated.展开更多
The current modes of experience inheritance from famous specialists in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） include master and disciple, literature review, clinical-epidemiology-based clinical research observation, an...The current modes of experience inheritance from famous specialists in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） include master and disciple, literature review, clinical-epidemiology-based clinical research observation, and analysis and data mining via computer and database technologies. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages. However, a scientific and instructive experience inheritance mode has not been developed. The advent of the big data era as well as the formation and practice accumulation of the TCM clinical research paradigm in the real world have provided new perspectives, techniques, and methods for inheriting experience from famous TCM specialists. Through continuous exploration and practice, the research group proposes the innovation research mode based on the real-world TCM clinical research paradigm, which involves the inheritance and innovation of the existing modes. This mode is formulated in line with its own development regularity of TCM and is expected to become the main mode of experience inheritance in the clinical field.展开更多
Conducting case-commentary research on the style of civil litigation documents is a key method for judges to produce legal documents,develop professional writing and creative skills,and enhance legal thinking.Such a s...Conducting case-commentary research on the style of civil litigation documents is a key method for judges to produce legal documents,develop professional writing and creative skills,and enhance legal thinking.Such a study is an important way to deepen the reform of the judicial power operation mechanism and to improve the trial management mode.Considering the background of the judicial responsibility system reform,the localization of the research paradigms and case-commentary methods of the style of litigation documents can help reach the consensus of the legal professional community.It also helps promote judgment rules and the spirit of the law.Legal commentaries convey the important functions of public legal services to the public.It is necessary to integrate the Style of Civil Litigation Documents,the"one-stop"litigation service with the reform practice of judicial committees in China,and conduct detailed research on the procedural ruling function and guiding function of the style of civil litigation documents.By studying the guiding function of civil litigation document style for judicial behavior,litigation procedure,and entity processing,it is good for judges to broaden their ideas and methods to write civil litigation documents,enabling an examination of the localization path and method of the legal commentary research paradigm and demonstrating how to continue using the paradigm within the context of the comprehensive reform of the judicial system.Moreover,the study emphasizes how to exert the function of public legal services integrated with the style of civil litigation documents.展开更多
In accordance with the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovation of traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),and to advance research o...In accordance with the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovation of traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),and to advance research on clinically advantageous diseases in TCM and promote academic innovation,the China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM)convened the 31st Clinical Advantage Disease Salon(Rhinosinusitis)in Beijing on 28 March 2024.During the meeting,experts in Chinese and Western medicine conducted extensive and in-depth discussions,formulating suggestions for the integrated diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis using both TCM and Western medicine approaches.This review examines the challenges in rhinosinusitis diagnosis and treatment by analyzing its occurrence and development.Given the advantages of integrating TCM and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis,key scientific research points are proposed in three areas:Prediction,diagnosis and treatment,and chronic disease management.These include(1)development of a rhinosinusitis prediction model,(2)optimal timing and treatment protocols for the combined use of TCM and Western medicine in rhinosinusitis,(3)research on the mechanism of TCM in preventing and treating rhinosinusitis,(4)construction of an integrated TCM and Western medicine recurrence prevention strategy for refractory rhinosinusitis,(5)prevention and self-management strategies for chronic rhinosinusitis.Based on the salon of TCM dominant diseases of rhinosinusitis,this article proposes a research paradigm for rhinosinusitis to promote the high-quality development of TCM and provide a reference for national research direction selection.展开更多
Background: In response to the limitations of logical empiricism, interpretivism emerged as a philosophical approach for developing nursing knowledge. This paper discusses interpretivist constructivism and its value t...Background: In response to the limitations of logical empiricism, interpretivism emerged as a philosophical approach for developing nursing knowledge. This paper discusses interpretivist constructivism and its value to qualitative nursing research. Methods: The paper synthesizes relevant literature on the importance of interpretivist constructivism in nursing research. It reviews the key elements of interpretivism, the principles of constructivism, the connection between the two approaches, the benefits and limitations of constructivism in nursing research, and the steps for conducting constructivist stroke nursing research. Results: Interpretivist constructivism emphasizes the importance of human experiences, interactions, and social contexts in knowledge development. It allows nurse researchers to adopt flexible, participant-driven approaches to explore and understand complex subjective human phenomena. This approach respects the unique perspectives and contexts of stakeholders, including patients, caregivers, healthcare professionals, and knowledge users. By following specific steps, constructivist researchers can improve the rigor, transparency, and validity of qualitative nursing research while reducing biases in interpreting the inherently subjective experiences of patients. Conclusion: A deeper understanding of the complexities of interpretivism and constructivism in qualitative research is essential. This paper provides a clear, comprehensive guide for effectively applying these approaches in qualitative nursing research.展开更多
Professional learning communities(PLCs)offer essential contextual support for the development of foreign language teachers in higher education.The book Building Professional Learning Communities of Foreign Language Te...Professional learning communities(PLCs)offer essential contextual support for the development of foreign language teachers in higher education.The book Building Professional Learning Communities of Foreign Language Teachers in Higher Education,co-authored by Wen et al.(2021)systematically examines the necessity,practical measures,theoretical construction,and outcomes associated with building PLCs for university foreign language teachers.Notably,it introduces a research methodology rooted in local teacher education practices with Chinese characteristics—the dialectical research paradigm(DRP).This review introduces the content of the book,evaluates its contributions to teacher development,and explores its implications for future practice and research.展开更多
在全球科技竞争日趋激烈的背景下,人工智能驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)已成为驱动科研范式变革的重要力量。美国在AI for Science的布局过程中,通过纵横联动的政策框架以及资源整合的基础设施,构建起“全政府”模式,此模式值得研究...在全球科技竞争日趋激烈的背景下,人工智能驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)已成为驱动科研范式变革的重要力量。美国在AI for Science的布局过程中,通过纵横联动的政策框架以及资源整合的基础设施,构建起“全政府”模式,此模式值得研究与借鉴。通过文献检索和政策分析,系统梳理了美国“全政府”模式下AI for Science布局的核心政策与部门行动计划,阐明了总统科技顾问委员会在顶层设计中的角色与关键职能部门在细化政策执行中的作用;并以国家人工智能研究资源为例,深入分析美国政府在算力、数据与软件等方面的资源整合与分配机制。最后,结合“全政府”模式的内涵与特征,总结美国在角色划分、部门协作与执行层实践中的成功经验。结合我国AI for Science的发展现状,从出台具有统筹性的指导性文件、深化人工智能基础设施建设、借鉴“全政府”模式等方面,提出汇聚多元资源与力量、持续提升人工智能技术在科学研究中的应用深度与创新效能的策略建议。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52372305,52472327,and 52502395)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(No.23QB1404900)the Carbon Neutrality Funding Scheme of PolyU(No.1-WZ7P).
文摘Understanding the tire‒road friction system is fundamental for evaluating the skid resistance of asphalt pavements.Literature analysis reveals that the trajectory of tire–road friction research aligns with the evolution of scientific research paradigms:experimental science,theoretical science,computational science,and data science.Research in this field can be categorized into three scales:the rubber‒pavement scale,the tire‒road scale,and the vehicle scale.Experimental observations have yielded numerous patterns and empirical models,which serve as the foundation of this research field.Although numerical measurement devices have been used for decades,the reproducibility and comparability of the results require further improvement.Tire‒road friction theory and simulations have been well developed across these three scales,but these scales remain largely independent and unconnected.With the advancement of sensing technology,texture features have been widely exploited and used as inputs for various machine learning models to estimate pavement skid resistance.However,these models are limited in their ability to integrate friction mechanisms,resulting in relatively low interpretability.In summary,the synergistic development of the four research paradigms can promote and advance the understanding and application of tire‒road friction mechanisms.This review concludes with a discussion of current challenges and future trends,drawing implications for further research in this field.
基金funded by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant number 62277022.
文摘The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)is fundamentally reshaping the scientific research,giving rise to a new era of discovery and innovation.This paper explores this transformative shift,introducing an innovative concept of the“AI-Driven Research Ecosystem”,a dynamic and collaborative research environment.Within this ecosystem,we focus on the unification of human-AI collaboration models and the emerging new research thinking paradigms.We analyze the multifaceted roles of AI within the research lifecycle,spanning from a passive tool to an active assistant and autonomous participants,and categorize these interactions into distinct human-AI collaboration models.Furthermore,we examine how the pervasive involvement of AI necessitates an evolution in human research thinking,emphasizing the significant roles of critical,creative,and computational thinking.Through a review of existing literature and illustrative case studies,this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the AI-driven research ecosystem,highlighting its potential for transforming scientific research.Our findings advance the current understanding of AI’s multiple roles in research and underscore its capacity to revolutionize both knowledge discovery and collaborative innovation,paving the way for a more integrated and impactful research paradigm.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1203202)the Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(GZNL2024A01003)。
文摘The 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference(WAIC)and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance was held in Shanghai from July 26-29,2025.During this conference,many new artificial intelligence(AI)ideas were shared by leading AI pioneers,such as Geoffrey Hinton,Yoshua Bengio,and Andrew Chi-Chih Yao.More than 40 new AI models were released,and more than 60 robots were demonstrated.
文摘The current modes of experience inheritance from famous specialists in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） include master and disciple, literature review, clinical-epidemiology-based clinical research observation, and analysis and data mining via computer and database technologies. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages. However, a scientific and instructive experience inheritance mode has not been developed. The advent of the big data era as well as the formation and practice accumulation of the TCM clinical research paradigm in the real world have provided new perspectives, techniques, and methods for inheriting experience from famous TCM specialists. Through continuous exploration and practice, the research group proposes the innovation research mode based on the real-world TCM clinical research paradigm, which involves the inheritance and innovation of the existing modes. This mode is formulated in line with its own development regularity of TCM and is expected to become the main mode of experience inheritance in the clinical field.
基金supported by the Ministry of Justice’s 2017 Research Projects of National Rule of Law and Law Theory(Project No.2017SFB1006).
文摘Conducting case-commentary research on the style of civil litigation documents is a key method for judges to produce legal documents,develop professional writing and creative skills,and enhance legal thinking.Such a study is an important way to deepen the reform of the judicial power operation mechanism and to improve the trial management mode.Considering the background of the judicial responsibility system reform,the localization of the research paradigms and case-commentary methods of the style of litigation documents can help reach the consensus of the legal professional community.It also helps promote judgment rules and the spirit of the law.Legal commentaries convey the important functions of public legal services to the public.It is necessary to integrate the Style of Civil Litigation Documents,the"one-stop"litigation service with the reform practice of judicial committees in China,and conduct detailed research on the procedural ruling function and guiding function of the style of civil litigation documents.By studying the guiding function of civil litigation document style for judicial behavior,litigation procedure,and entity processing,it is good for judges to broaden their ideas and methods to write civil litigation documents,enabling an examination of the localization path and method of the legal commentary research paradigm and demonstrating how to continue using the paradigm within the context of the comprehensive reform of the judicial system.Moreover,the study emphasizes how to exert the function of public legal services integrated with the style of civil litigation documents.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2022YFC2504100)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82205202)+1 种基金the Beijing Municipal Health Commission High Level Public Health Technical Talent Construction Project(Discipline Backbone)(No.02-046)Scarce Resources and Representative Achievements of the "New 3+3" Project for the Inheritance of firewood of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing(No.2023-XQZY-02).
文摘In accordance with the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovation of traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),and to advance research on clinically advantageous diseases in TCM and promote academic innovation,the China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM)convened the 31st Clinical Advantage Disease Salon(Rhinosinusitis)in Beijing on 28 March 2024.During the meeting,experts in Chinese and Western medicine conducted extensive and in-depth discussions,formulating suggestions for the integrated diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis using both TCM and Western medicine approaches.This review examines the challenges in rhinosinusitis diagnosis and treatment by analyzing its occurrence and development.Given the advantages of integrating TCM and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis,key scientific research points are proposed in three areas:Prediction,diagnosis and treatment,and chronic disease management.These include(1)development of a rhinosinusitis prediction model,(2)optimal timing and treatment protocols for the combined use of TCM and Western medicine in rhinosinusitis,(3)research on the mechanism of TCM in preventing and treating rhinosinusitis,(4)construction of an integrated TCM and Western medicine recurrence prevention strategy for refractory rhinosinusitis,(5)prevention and self-management strategies for chronic rhinosinusitis.Based on the salon of TCM dominant diseases of rhinosinusitis,this article proposes a research paradigm for rhinosinusitis to promote the high-quality development of TCM and provide a reference for national research direction selection.
文摘Background: In response to the limitations of logical empiricism, interpretivism emerged as a philosophical approach for developing nursing knowledge. This paper discusses interpretivist constructivism and its value to qualitative nursing research. Methods: The paper synthesizes relevant literature on the importance of interpretivist constructivism in nursing research. It reviews the key elements of interpretivism, the principles of constructivism, the connection between the two approaches, the benefits and limitations of constructivism in nursing research, and the steps for conducting constructivist stroke nursing research. Results: Interpretivist constructivism emphasizes the importance of human experiences, interactions, and social contexts in knowledge development. It allows nurse researchers to adopt flexible, participant-driven approaches to explore and understand complex subjective human phenomena. This approach respects the unique perspectives and contexts of stakeholders, including patients, caregivers, healthcare professionals, and knowledge users. By following specific steps, constructivist researchers can improve the rigor, transparency, and validity of qualitative nursing research while reducing biases in interpreting the inherently subjective experiences of patients. Conclusion: A deeper understanding of the complexities of interpretivism and constructivism in qualitative research is essential. This paper provides a clear, comprehensive guide for effectively applying these approaches in qualitative nursing research.
文摘Professional learning communities(PLCs)offer essential contextual support for the development of foreign language teachers in higher education.The book Building Professional Learning Communities of Foreign Language Teachers in Higher Education,co-authored by Wen et al.(2021)systematically examines the necessity,practical measures,theoretical construction,and outcomes associated with building PLCs for university foreign language teachers.Notably,it introduces a research methodology rooted in local teacher education practices with Chinese characteristics—the dialectical research paradigm(DRP).This review introduces the content of the book,evaluates its contributions to teacher development,and explores its implications for future practice and research.
基金上海市重点智库课题“人工智能驱动科研范式变革研究及对上海布局AI for Science的启示”。
文摘在全球科技竞争日趋激烈的背景下,人工智能驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)已成为驱动科研范式变革的重要力量。美国在AI for Science的布局过程中,通过纵横联动的政策框架以及资源整合的基础设施,构建起“全政府”模式,此模式值得研究与借鉴。通过文献检索和政策分析,系统梳理了美国“全政府”模式下AI for Science布局的核心政策与部门行动计划,阐明了总统科技顾问委员会在顶层设计中的角色与关键职能部门在细化政策执行中的作用;并以国家人工智能研究资源为例,深入分析美国政府在算力、数据与软件等方面的资源整合与分配机制。最后,结合“全政府”模式的内涵与特征,总结美国在角色划分、部门协作与执行层实践中的成功经验。结合我国AI for Science的发展现状,从出台具有统筹性的指导性文件、深化人工智能基础设施建设、借鉴“全政府”模式等方面,提出汇聚多元资源与力量、持续提升人工智能技术在科学研究中的应用深度与创新效能的策略建议。
