A two-stage method is developed to solve a new class of multi-storage tank multi-source (MTMS) systems. In the first stage, the optimal storage policy of each tank is determined according to the electricity tariff, an...A two-stage method is developed to solve a new class of multi-storage tank multi-source (MTMS) systems. In the first stage, the optimal storage policy of each tank is determined according to the electricity tariff, and the ground-level storage tank is modeled as a node. In the second stage, the genetic algorithm, combined with a repairing scheme, is applied to solve the pump scheduling problem. The objective of the pump scheduling problem is to ensure that the required volume is adequately provided by the pumps while minimizing the operation cost (energy cost and treatment cost). The decision variables are the settings of the pumps and speed ratio of variable-speed pumps at time steps of the total operational time horizon. A mixed coding methodology is developed according to the characteristics of the decision variables. Daily operation cost savings of approximately 11% are obtained by application of the proposed method to a pressure zone of S. Y. water distribution system (WDS), China.展开更多
It is not difficult to find out that cracks in concrete structural engineering are ubiquitous. Because the damage of the structure often begins with cracks, it brings harm and risk to social production and life. Espec...It is not difficult to find out that cracks in concrete structural engineering are ubiquitous. Because the damage of the structure often begins with cracks, it brings harm and risk to social production and life. Especially with the rapid development of my country's capital construction in recent decades, it is very necessary to understand and solve the ancient and novel problem of cracks in concrete structures. With the exploration and research of long-term engineering practice, with the continuous development of technology and productivity, people have realized that the generation of harmful cracks can be controlled through effective technical means. That is to say, through the organic combination of design and construction, the influence of cracks can be prevented from being harmful.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period (No. 2006BAJ08B03), China
文摘A two-stage method is developed to solve a new class of multi-storage tank multi-source (MTMS) systems. In the first stage, the optimal storage policy of each tank is determined according to the electricity tariff, and the ground-level storage tank is modeled as a node. In the second stage, the genetic algorithm, combined with a repairing scheme, is applied to solve the pump scheduling problem. The objective of the pump scheduling problem is to ensure that the required volume is adequately provided by the pumps while minimizing the operation cost (energy cost and treatment cost). The decision variables are the settings of the pumps and speed ratio of variable-speed pumps at time steps of the total operational time horizon. A mixed coding methodology is developed according to the characteristics of the decision variables. Daily operation cost savings of approximately 11% are obtained by application of the proposed method to a pressure zone of S. Y. water distribution system (WDS), China.
文摘It is not difficult to find out that cracks in concrete structural engineering are ubiquitous. Because the damage of the structure often begins with cracks, it brings harm and risk to social production and life. Especially with the rapid development of my country's capital construction in recent decades, it is very necessary to understand and solve the ancient and novel problem of cracks in concrete structures. With the exploration and research of long-term engineering practice, with the continuous development of technology and productivity, people have realized that the generation of harmful cracks can be controlled through effective technical means. That is to say, through the organic combination of design and construction, the influence of cracks can be prevented from being harmful.
