Twenty-nine japonica rice varieties collected from Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, China were planted in Hangzhou, China, to investigate the phytic acid content in brown rice and its frequency distribution as well as ...Twenty-nine japonica rice varieties collected from Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, China were planted in Hangzhou, China, to investigate the phytic acid content in brown rice and its frequency distribution as well as the correlation among the contents of phytic acid, total protein and four protein compositions in brown rice. The phytic acid content in brown rice ranged from 0.699% to 1.034%, with a mean of 0.868% for the 29 tested rice varieties. Xiushui series rice varieties generally exhibited lower phytic acid level than Wuyujing and Huai series rice varieties. A rough normal distribution, with a mean of 8.722%, was observed for the total protein contents in the tested varieties. Of the four protein compositions, the glutelin, globulin and albumin contents had larger coefficient of variation than the prolamin content, although the difference in prolamin content was genotype-dependent. No significant correlation was found between the phytic acid and four protein composition contents, whereas the total protein content was significantly and positively related to the glutelin content in brown rice.展开更多
Under field conditions, three erect panicle type japonica dee cultivars and three curved panicle type japonica rice cultivars were applied as experimental materials to investigate the differences of protein compositio...Under field conditions, three erect panicle type japonica dee cultivars and three curved panicle type japonica rice cultivars were applied as experimental materials to investigate the differences of protein composition of grains at different positions in panicles between two different panicle types of japonica rice. Accord- ing to the results, the panicle type of japonica rice had no direct correlation with albumin content, globulin content, prolamin content and glutelin content in rice, variations of protein composition of grains at different positions in panicles. There were certain correlations between soluble protein contents at different grain posi- tions in the same panicle and the flowering order of glumous flowers in the panicle. Albumin content, prolamin content and glutelin content in grains on secondary rachis branches of two panicle types （erect and curved） of japonica rice cuhivars were higher than that on primary rachis branches, while globulin content exhibited an opposite trend. Globulin content, prolamin content and glutelin content in grains at different positions demonstrated a descending order of bottom 〉 middle 〉 top, while albumin content exhibited an opposite trend. The interactions between primary and secondary rachis branches and among top, middle and bottom rachis branches significantly affected soluble protein contents.展开更多
Legume-derived proteins present an opportunity to replace existing animal-source protein in various applications. Those proteins are abundant, relatively lowcost, sustainable, not highly allergenic, and widely accepta...Legume-derived proteins present an opportunity to replace existing animal-source protein in various applications. Those proteins are abundant, relatively lowcost, sustainable, not highly allergenic, and widely acceptable by consumers. In this paper, it was found that legume-derived protein’s technofunctional properties(e.g. gelation, emulsification and foaming) are being investigated, in order to assess their ability to substitute for animal-derived proteins in food systems and applications. This paper reviewed the functional attributes of legume-derived proteins, their possible applications in food systems, and their potential in the food industry. The techno-functional properties of the proteins vary among different legumes, and while some proteins properties are sufficient for industrial uses, the other may need to be modified. It was concluded that legume-derived proteins could replace some existing animal-derived protein based food systems.展开更多
Copepods are among the most abundant and successful metazoans in the marine ecosystem. However, genomic resources related to fundamental cellular processes are still limited in this particular group of crustaceans. Ri...Copepods are among the most abundant and successful metazoans in the marine ecosystem. However, genomic resources related to fundamental cellular processes are still limited in this particular group of crustaceans. Ribosomal proteins are the building blocks of ribosomes, the primary site for protein synthesis. In this study, we characterized and analyzed the c DNAs of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins(c RPs) of two calanoid copepods, P seudodiaptomus poplesia and A cartia pacifi ca. We obtained 79 c RP c DNAs from P. poplesia and 67 from A. pacifi ca by c DNA library construction/sequencing and rapid amplifi cation of c DNA ends. Analysis of the nucleic acid composition showed that the copepod c RP-encoding genes had higher GC content in the protein-coding regions(CDSs) than in the untranslated regions(UTRs), and single nucleotide repeats(>3 repeats) were common, with "A" repeats being the most frequent, especially in the CDSs. The 3′-UTRs of the c RP genes were signifi cantly longer than the 5′-UTRs. Codon usage analysis showed that the third positions of the codons were dominated by C or G. The deduced amino acid sequences of the c RPs contained high proportions of positively charged residues and had high p I values. This is the fi rst report of a complete set of c RP-encoding genes from copepods. Our results shed light on the characteristics of c RPs in copepods, and provide fundamental data for further studies of protein synthesis in copepods. The copepod c RP information revealed in this study indicates that additional comparisons and analysis should be performed on different taxonomic categories such as orders and families.展开更多
the world population is projected to be over 9 billion by the year 2050,which poses a major challenge in terms of food security.it is essential to develop and produce protein foods that are more efficient and sustaina...the world population is projected to be over 9 billion by the year 2050,which poses a major challenge in terms of food security.it is essential to develop and produce protein foods that are more efficient and sustainable than animal protein to ensure future food security.Several options have been studied,including promising protein alternatives such as plant sources,insects,edible mushrooms,and algae.Due to their resource efficiency and nutritional value,these alternatives could contribute to feeding the next generation.this paper reviews different approaches to alternative proteins,describes each alternative and analyzes the protein composition,and highlights the potential that each alternative protein source must address the challenge of food security.展开更多
The use of bio-based biomass construction materials has the advantage of helping to reduce fossil energy demand,protecting the environment from carbon dioxide emission and reducing the production of non-degradable was...The use of bio-based biomass construction materials has the advantage of helping to reduce fossil energy demand,protecting the environment from carbon dioxide emission and reducing the production of non-degradable waste.This paper used resin-modified soy protein(SP)adhesive to combine rice straw stalks,and made straw-soy protein composites(SSPC)material.The physical properties,compressive behavior and stability during wetting drying cycles of SSPC were measured.Due to water evaporation,the SP matrix is full of connected pores,resulting to its physical properties of small density,high shrinkage ratio and low thermal conductivity,which are 0.24 g/cm^(3),16.2%,and 0.065 W/(m•K),respectively.Adding straw is helpful to the physical properties of SP matrix,leading to an obvious decrease in shrinkage ratio and thermal conductivity of SSPC,which are 8.51%and 0.075 W/m•K.Furthermore,the compressive load-displacement curves of SSPC groups divide into two types:divergent and convergent.The compressive strength of divergent samples is decided by the critical displacement determined according to the convergent specimens.It shows that straw stalk proves the positive effect on the compressive property of SP matrix.As to the mass of SSPC samples during the wetting drying cycles,it drops apparently in the initial three cycles,and becomes negligible from the fifth cycle,meaning that the stability of SSPC during wetting drying cyclic process is quite good.The research result would be helpful for using SSPC as building material,especially as thermal insulation material.展开更多
文摘Twenty-nine japonica rice varieties collected from Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, China were planted in Hangzhou, China, to investigate the phytic acid content in brown rice and its frequency distribution as well as the correlation among the contents of phytic acid, total protein and four protein compositions in brown rice. The phytic acid content in brown rice ranged from 0.699% to 1.034%, with a mean of 0.868% for the 29 tested rice varieties. Xiushui series rice varieties generally exhibited lower phytic acid level than Wuyujing and Huai series rice varieties. A rough normal distribution, with a mean of 8.722%, was observed for the total protein contents in the tested varieties. Of the four protein compositions, the glutelin, globulin and albumin contents had larger coefficient of variation than the prolamin content, although the difference in prolamin content was genotype-dependent. No significant correlation was found between the phytic acid and four protein composition contents, whereas the total protein content was significantly and positively related to the glutelin content in brown rice.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project for Grain Production in National Science and Technology Support Program(2011BAD16B11-02YJ012012BAD04B01-02)+1 种基金Key Scientific and Technological Project of Heilongjiang Province(GA13B101)Fund for Distingnished Young Scholars of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2014)
文摘Under field conditions, three erect panicle type japonica dee cultivars and three curved panicle type japonica rice cultivars were applied as experimental materials to investigate the differences of protein composition of grains at different positions in panicles between two different panicle types of japonica rice. Accord- ing to the results, the panicle type of japonica rice had no direct correlation with albumin content, globulin content, prolamin content and glutelin content in rice, variations of protein composition of grains at different positions in panicles. There were certain correlations between soluble protein contents at different grain posi- tions in the same panicle and the flowering order of glumous flowers in the panicle. Albumin content, prolamin content and glutelin content in grains on secondary rachis branches of two panicle types （erect and curved） of japonica rice cuhivars were higher than that on primary rachis branches, while globulin content exhibited an opposite trend. Globulin content, prolamin content and glutelin content in grains at different positions demonstrated a descending order of bottom 〉 middle 〉 top, while albumin content exhibited an opposite trend. The interactions between primary and secondary rachis branches and among top, middle and bottom rachis branches significantly affected soluble protein contents.
文摘Legume-derived proteins present an opportunity to replace existing animal-source protein in various applications. Those proteins are abundant, relatively lowcost, sustainable, not highly allergenic, and widely acceptable by consumers. In this paper, it was found that legume-derived protein’s technofunctional properties(e.g. gelation, emulsification and foaming) are being investigated, in order to assess their ability to substitute for animal-derived proteins in food systems and applications. This paper reviewed the functional attributes of legume-derived proteins, their possible applications in food systems, and their potential in the food industry. The techno-functional properties of the proteins vary among different legumes, and while some proteins properties are sufficient for industrial uses, the other may need to be modified. It was concluded that legume-derived proteins could replace some existing animal-derived protein based food systems.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31372509,41328009)the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(No.41106095)
文摘Copepods are among the most abundant and successful metazoans in the marine ecosystem. However, genomic resources related to fundamental cellular processes are still limited in this particular group of crustaceans. Ribosomal proteins are the building blocks of ribosomes, the primary site for protein synthesis. In this study, we characterized and analyzed the c DNAs of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins(c RPs) of two calanoid copepods, P seudodiaptomus poplesia and A cartia pacifi ca. We obtained 79 c RP c DNAs from P. poplesia and 67 from A. pacifi ca by c DNA library construction/sequencing and rapid amplifi cation of c DNA ends. Analysis of the nucleic acid composition showed that the copepod c RP-encoding genes had higher GC content in the protein-coding regions(CDSs) than in the untranslated regions(UTRs), and single nucleotide repeats(>3 repeats) were common, with "A" repeats being the most frequent, especially in the CDSs. The 3′-UTRs of the c RP genes were signifi cantly longer than the 5′-UTRs. Codon usage analysis showed that the third positions of the codons were dominated by C or G. The deduced amino acid sequences of the c RPs contained high proportions of positively charged residues and had high p I values. This is the fi rst report of a complete set of c RP-encoding genes from copepods. Our results shed light on the characteristics of c RPs in copepods, and provide fundamental data for further studies of protein synthesis in copepods. The copepod c RP information revealed in this study indicates that additional comparisons and analysis should be performed on different taxonomic categories such as orders and families.
基金the grant for his postgraduate scholarship(1238436)provided by National Council for the Humanities,Sciences and technologies(CoNAHCYt)México.
文摘the world population is projected to be over 9 billion by the year 2050,which poses a major challenge in terms of food security.it is essential to develop and produce protein foods that are more efficient and sustainable than animal protein to ensure future food security.Several options have been studied,including promising protein alternatives such as plant sources,insects,edible mushrooms,and algae.Due to their resource efficiency and nutritional value,these alternatives could contribute to feeding the next generation.this paper reviews different approaches to alternative proteins,describes each alternative and analyzes the protein composition,and highlights the potential that each alternative protein source must address the challenge of food security.
基金supported by 2024 Beijing Forestry University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(Grant Number:X202410022059).
文摘The use of bio-based biomass construction materials has the advantage of helping to reduce fossil energy demand,protecting the environment from carbon dioxide emission and reducing the production of non-degradable waste.This paper used resin-modified soy protein(SP)adhesive to combine rice straw stalks,and made straw-soy protein composites(SSPC)material.The physical properties,compressive behavior and stability during wetting drying cycles of SSPC were measured.Due to water evaporation,the SP matrix is full of connected pores,resulting to its physical properties of small density,high shrinkage ratio and low thermal conductivity,which are 0.24 g/cm^(3),16.2%,and 0.065 W/(m•K),respectively.Adding straw is helpful to the physical properties of SP matrix,leading to an obvious decrease in shrinkage ratio and thermal conductivity of SSPC,which are 8.51%and 0.075 W/m•K.Furthermore,the compressive load-displacement curves of SSPC groups divide into two types:divergent and convergent.The compressive strength of divergent samples is decided by the critical displacement determined according to the convergent specimens.It shows that straw stalk proves the positive effect on the compressive property of SP matrix.As to the mass of SSPC samples during the wetting drying cycles,it drops apparently in the initial three cycles,and becomes negligible from the fifth cycle,meaning that the stability of SSPC during wetting drying cyclic process is quite good.The research result would be helpful for using SSPC as building material,especially as thermal insulation material.
