The main goal of this paper is to study the following combinatorial problem : given a finite set E = (e1, e2, ...,em} and a subset family a - [S1,S2, ... ,Sk} of E , does there exist a tree T with the edge set E such ...The main goal of this paper is to study the following combinatorial problem : given a finite set E = (e1, e2, ...,em} and a subset family a - [S1,S2, ... ,Sk} of E , does there exist a tree T with the edge set E such that each induced subgraph T[Si] of Si is precisely a path (1≤i≤k) ?展开更多
In order to balance the temporal-spatial distribution of urban traffic flow, a model is established for combined urban traffic signal control and traffic flow guidance. With consideration of the wide use of fixed sign...In order to balance the temporal-spatial distribution of urban traffic flow, a model is established for combined urban traffic signal control and traffic flow guidance. With consideration of the wide use of fixed signal control at intersections, traffic assignment under traffic flow guidance, and dynamic characteristics of urban traffic management, a tri-level programming model is presented. To reflect the impact of intersection delay on traffic assignment, the lower level model is set as a modified user equilibrium model. The middle level model, which contains several definitional constraints for different phase modes, is built for the traffic signal control optimization. To solve the problem of tide lane management, the upper level model is built up based on nonlinear 0-1 integer programming. A heuristic iterative optimization algorithm(HIOA) is set up to solve the tri-level programming model. The lower level model is solved by method of successive averages(MSA), the middle level model is solved by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA II), and the upper level model is solved by genetic algorithm(GA). A case study is raised to show the efficiency and applicability of the proposed modelling and computing method.展开更多
Objective: to evaluate the application effect of hospital examination flow chart in improving the quality of nursing service for elderly patients. Methods: from August 2020 to January 2021, the hospital developed a fl...Objective: to evaluate the application effect of hospital examination flow chart in improving the quality of nursing service for elderly patients. Methods: from August 2020 to January 2021, the hospital developed a flowchart of in-hospital examination for elderly patients, and included 81 elderly patients undergoing medical examination during this period into the experiment as the research object (experimental group), and then took 81 elderly patients from February 2020 to July 2020 as the reference object (control group). After obtaining the consent of the patients and their families, the clinical information was analyzed and counted, and the graph was continuously drawn during the experiment. During this period, the nursing satisfaction of patients and their families was investigated and counted, and the total examination time, waiting time and the incidence of medical disputes were compared. Results: compared with the control group, the nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was 92.59%, which was significantly better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);The total examination time, waiting time and the incidence of medical disputes between the two groups were compared, and the values of the control group were significantly worse, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: drawing the hospital examination flow chart helps to improve the cooperation of elderly patients, make the examination process faster, reduce the waiting time of patients, shorten the overall examination time, significantly improve the nursing satisfaction of patients and their families, increase the tacit understanding of medical staff and reduce the occurrence of medical disputes, which is worthy of clinical promotion and practice.展开更多
This study proposes a novel approach to optimizing individual work schedules for book digitization using mixed-integer programming (MIP). By leveraging the power of MIP solvers, we aimed to minimize the overall digiti...This study proposes a novel approach to optimizing individual work schedules for book digitization using mixed-integer programming (MIP). By leveraging the power of MIP solvers, we aimed to minimize the overall digitization time while considering various constraints and process dependencies. The book digitization process involves three key steps: cutting, scanning, and binding. Each step has specific requirements and limitations such as the number of pages that can be processed simultaneously and potential bottlenecks. To address these complexities, we formulate the problem as a one-machine job shop scheduling problem with additional constraints to capture the unique characteristics of book digitization. We conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach. By comparing the optimized schedules with the baseline approach, we demonstrated significant reductions in the overall processing time. In addition, we analyzed the impact of different weighting schemes on the optimization results, highlighting the importance of identifying and prioritizing critical processes. Our findings suggest that MIP-based optimization can be a valuable tool for improving the efficiency of individual work schedules, even in seemingly simple tasks, such as book digitization. By carefully considering specific constraints and objectives, we can save time and leverage resources by carefully considering specific constraints and objectives.展开更多
Protoplasts prepared from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cultivar BY-2) suspension cells have similar morphological characteristics to those in animal cells. The hallmarks of apoptosis such as condensation and periphe...Protoplasts prepared from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cultivar BY-2) suspension cells have similar morphological characteristics to those in animal cells. The hallmarks of apoptosis such as condensation and peripheral distribution of nuclei, TUNEL positive reaction, and DNA ladders were observed when tobacco protoplasts were treated with the hydroxyl radical generating system (1.0 mmol/L FeSO4/0.5 mmol/L H2O2). In animals, the loss of transmembrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) and the exposure of phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) are believed to be the main apoptosis events. To test whether these significant processes take place in plants, flow cytometry was used to detect annexin V binding and changes in DeltaPsi(m). Results showed that the PS turned out from inner membrane and DeltaPsi(m) gradually decreased during the apoptosis. All these apoptotic characteristics proved that hydroxyl radicals can cause typical programmed cell death (PCD) in tobacco protoplasts and this design can be served as an effective experiment system to explore the mechanism of plant apoptosis.展开更多
To solve the problems that the exception handling code is hard to test and maintain and that it affects the robustness and reliability of software, a method for evaluating the exception handling of programs is present...To solve the problems that the exception handling code is hard to test and maintain and that it affects the robustness and reliability of software, a method for evaluating the exception handling of programs is presented. The exception propagation graph （EPG） that describes the large programs with exception handling constructs is proposed by simplifying the control flow graph and it is applied to a case to verify its validity. According to the EPG, the exception handling code that never executes is identified; the points that are the most critical to controlling exception propagation are found; and the irrational exception handling code is corrected. The constructing algorithm for the EPG is given; thus, this provides a basis for automatically constructing the EPG and automatically correcting the irrational exception handling code.展开更多
Blockage is a kind of phenomenon frequently occurred in a transport network, in which the human beings are the moving subjects. The minimum flow of a network defined in this paper means the maximum flow quantity throu...Blockage is a kind of phenomenon frequently occurred in a transport network, in which the human beings are the moving subjects. The minimum flow of a network defined in this paper means the maximum flow quantity through the network in the seriously blocked situation. It is an important parameter in designing and operating a transport network, especially in an emergency evacuation network. A branch and bound method is presented to solve the minimum flow problem on the basis of the blocking flow theory and the algorithm and its application are illustrated by examples.展开更多
Blockage is a kind of phenomenon occurring frequently in modern transportation network. This paper deals with the research work on the blocking now in a network with the help of network flow theory. The blockage pheno...Blockage is a kind of phenomenon occurring frequently in modern transportation network. This paper deals with the research work on the blocking now in a network with the help of network flow theory. The blockage phenomena can be divided intO local blockage and network blockage. In this paper, which deals mainly with the latter, the fundamental concepts and definitions of network blocking flow, blocking outset are presented and the related theorems are proved. It is proved that the sufficient and necessary condition for the emergence of a blocking now in a network is the existence of the blocking outset. The necessary conditions for the existence of the blocking outset in a network are analysed and the characteristic cutset of blockage which reflects the all possible situation of blocking nows in the network is defined.In the last part of the paper the mathematical model of the minimum blocking now is developed and the solution to a small network is given.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The main goal of this paper is to study the following combinatorial problem : given a finite set E = (e1, e2, ...,em} and a subset family a - [S1,S2, ... ,Sk} of E , does there exist a tree T with the edge set E such that each induced subgraph T[Si] of Si is precisely a path (1≤i≤k) ?
基金Project(2014BAG01B0403)supported by the High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘In order to balance the temporal-spatial distribution of urban traffic flow, a model is established for combined urban traffic signal control and traffic flow guidance. With consideration of the wide use of fixed signal control at intersections, traffic assignment under traffic flow guidance, and dynamic characteristics of urban traffic management, a tri-level programming model is presented. To reflect the impact of intersection delay on traffic assignment, the lower level model is set as a modified user equilibrium model. The middle level model, which contains several definitional constraints for different phase modes, is built for the traffic signal control optimization. To solve the problem of tide lane management, the upper level model is built up based on nonlinear 0-1 integer programming. A heuristic iterative optimization algorithm(HIOA) is set up to solve the tri-level programming model. The lower level model is solved by method of successive averages(MSA), the middle level model is solved by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA II), and the upper level model is solved by genetic algorithm(GA). A case study is raised to show the efficiency and applicability of the proposed modelling and computing method.
文摘Objective: to evaluate the application effect of hospital examination flow chart in improving the quality of nursing service for elderly patients. Methods: from August 2020 to January 2021, the hospital developed a flowchart of in-hospital examination for elderly patients, and included 81 elderly patients undergoing medical examination during this period into the experiment as the research object (experimental group), and then took 81 elderly patients from February 2020 to July 2020 as the reference object (control group). After obtaining the consent of the patients and their families, the clinical information was analyzed and counted, and the graph was continuously drawn during the experiment. During this period, the nursing satisfaction of patients and their families was investigated and counted, and the total examination time, waiting time and the incidence of medical disputes were compared. Results: compared with the control group, the nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was 92.59%, which was significantly better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);The total examination time, waiting time and the incidence of medical disputes between the two groups were compared, and the values of the control group were significantly worse, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: drawing the hospital examination flow chart helps to improve the cooperation of elderly patients, make the examination process faster, reduce the waiting time of patients, shorten the overall examination time, significantly improve the nursing satisfaction of patients and their families, increase the tacit understanding of medical staff and reduce the occurrence of medical disputes, which is worthy of clinical promotion and practice.
文摘This study proposes a novel approach to optimizing individual work schedules for book digitization using mixed-integer programming (MIP). By leveraging the power of MIP solvers, we aimed to minimize the overall digitization time while considering various constraints and process dependencies. The book digitization process involves three key steps: cutting, scanning, and binding. Each step has specific requirements and limitations such as the number of pages that can be processed simultaneously and potential bottlenecks. To address these complexities, we formulate the problem as a one-machine job shop scheduling problem with additional constraints to capture the unique characteristics of book digitization. We conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach. By comparing the optimized schedules with the baseline approach, we demonstrated significant reductions in the overall processing time. In addition, we analyzed the impact of different weighting schemes on the optimization results, highlighting the importance of identifying and prioritizing critical processes. Our findings suggest that MIP-based optimization can be a valuable tool for improving the efficiency of individual work schedules, even in seemingly simple tasks, such as book digitization. By carefully considering specific constraints and objectives, we can save time and leverage resources by carefully considering specific constraints and objectives.
文摘Protoplasts prepared from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cultivar BY-2) suspension cells have similar morphological characteristics to those in animal cells. The hallmarks of apoptosis such as condensation and peripheral distribution of nuclei, TUNEL positive reaction, and DNA ladders were observed when tobacco protoplasts were treated with the hydroxyl radical generating system (1.0 mmol/L FeSO4/0.5 mmol/L H2O2). In animals, the loss of transmembrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) and the exposure of phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) are believed to be the main apoptosis events. To test whether these significant processes take place in plants, flow cytometry was used to detect annexin V binding and changes in DeltaPsi(m). Results showed that the PS turned out from inner membrane and DeltaPsi(m) gradually decreased during the apoptosis. All these apoptotic characteristics proved that hydroxyl radicals can cause typical programmed cell death (PCD) in tobacco protoplasts and this design can be served as an effective experiment system to explore the mechanism of plant apoptosis.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No60503020)the National Basic Research Program of China (973Program) (No2002CB312000)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (NoBK2006094)the Science Research Foundation of China University of Mining and Technology
文摘To solve the problems that the exception handling code is hard to test and maintain and that it affects the robustness and reliability of software, a method for evaluating the exception handling of programs is presented. The exception propagation graph （EPG） that describes the large programs with exception handling constructs is proposed by simplifying the control flow graph and it is applied to a case to verify its validity. According to the EPG, the exception handling code that never executes is identified; the points that are the most critical to controlling exception propagation are found; and the irrational exception handling code is corrected. The constructing algorithm for the EPG is given; thus, this provides a basis for automatically constructing the EPG and automatically correcting the irrational exception handling code.
文摘Blockage is a kind of phenomenon frequently occurred in a transport network, in which the human beings are the moving subjects. The minimum flow of a network defined in this paper means the maximum flow quantity through the network in the seriously blocked situation. It is an important parameter in designing and operating a transport network, especially in an emergency evacuation network. A branch and bound method is presented to solve the minimum flow problem on the basis of the blocking flow theory and the algorithm and its application are illustrated by examples.
文摘Blockage is a kind of phenomenon occurring frequently in modern transportation network. This paper deals with the research work on the blocking now in a network with the help of network flow theory. The blockage phenomena can be divided intO local blockage and network blockage. In this paper, which deals mainly with the latter, the fundamental concepts and definitions of network blocking flow, blocking outset are presented and the related theorems are proved. It is proved that the sufficient and necessary condition for the emergence of a blocking now in a network is the existence of the blocking outset. The necessary conditions for the existence of the blocking outset in a network are analysed and the characteristic cutset of blockage which reflects the all possible situation of blocking nows in the network is defined.In the last part of the paper the mathematical model of the minimum blocking now is developed and the solution to a small network is given.
