In China, rural settlements are usually multifunctional complex of natural societies and they also play important productive function. This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of the productive function of thr...In China, rural settlements are usually multifunctional complex of natural societies and they also play important productive function. This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of the productive function of three rural settlements, i.e.,Hetaoyuan, Dawengshan, and Gaoqiao, in the Yimeng Mountain in Shandong province of eastern China.Residents lived in this three types of rural settlements were all involved in agricultural production(i.e., grain threshing, drying and storage), which had remained dominant in Hetaoyuan. Dawengshan became an industrial-oriented settlement, while Gaoqiao became a commercial-oriented settlement. This evolution was reflected in the livelihood strategy changes of rural households and the transition of rural settlements changes. The choice of livelihood strategy was affected by the livelihood assets and policies, which resulted in the spatiotemporal evolution of the productive function of rural settlements. This study can provide references for the implementation and adjustment of rural residential land consolidation policies and the improvement of production and the quality of rural life in future.展开更多
Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use plan...Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use planning.This is especially critical for ecologically vulnerable inland river basins in arid regions.However,existing methods struggle to effectively capture complex nonlinear interactions among environmental factors and their multifaceted relationships with trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,especially for the inland river basins in arid regions.Consequently,this study focused on the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin(MHRB),an arid inland river basin in northwestern China.Using land use,socioeconomic,meteorological,and hydrological data from 2000 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of LUFs and their trade-off and synergy relationships from the perspective of production,living,ecological functions.Additionally,we employed an integrated Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)-SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)framework to investigate the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs.Our findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020,the production,living,and ecological functions of land use within the MHRB exhibited an increasing trend,demonstrating a distinct spatial pattern of''high in the southwest and low in the northeast''.Significant spatial heterogeneity defined the trade-off and synergistic relationships,with trade-offs dominating human activity-intensive oasis areas,while synergies prevailed in other areas.During the study period,synergistic relationships between production and living functions and between production and ecological functions were relatively robust,whereas synergies in living-ecological functions remained weaker.Natural factors(digital elevation model(DEM),annual mean temperature,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),and annual precipitation)emerged as the primary factors driving the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,followed by socioeconomic factors(population density,Gross Domestic Product(GDP),and land use intensity),while distance factors(distance to water bodies,distance to residential areas,and distance to roads)exerted minimal influence.Notably,the interactions among NDVI,annual mean temperature,DEM,and land use intensity exerted the most substantial impacts on the relationships among LUFs.This study provides novel perspectives and methodologies for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,offering scientific insights to inform regional land use planning and sustainable natural resource management in inland river basins in arid regions.展开更多
Spirulina, a protein-rich cyanobacterium, and Bilberry, a dark berry, have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients in the food industry. These two underexplored and underutilized ingredients were used ...Spirulina, a protein-rich cyanobacterium, and Bilberry, a dark berry, have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients in the food industry. These two underexplored and underutilized ingredients were used to develop an adolescent-friendly functional snack food product in the light of food industry trends. Stages of product development, shelf life/physiochemical analysis (texture, pH, color, and water activity) and sensory evaluation were utilized in developing a functional snack mini muffin containing Spirulina and Bilberry. Aqueous (AQ) and 80% ethanol (ET) extracts of mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% Spirulina (S) + 4% Bilberry (B), 2% Spirulina (S) + 8% Bilberry (B)) were prepared using a standard protocol. Antioxidant potential was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP) assays. Utilizing a 5-point hedonic scale (1—Dislike very much, 2—Dislike a little, 3—Neither like nor dislike, 4—Like a little, 5—Like very much), 3 mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% S + 4% B, 2% S +8% B), were tested among consumer panelists, with 1% S + 4% B being the most acceptable based on taste, texture, color, aroma, appearance, etc. Texture (post-peak (N) of the mini muffin did not vary between chocolate and 1 S% + 4% B formulations;however, 2% S + 8% B was 1.09 times higher compared to its counterparts. pH, color, and water activity remained constant over the 9-day shelf-life period. The Spirulina and Bilberry muffins developed exhibited antioxidant activities (highest in 2% S + 8% B), and were accepted by the sensory panelists for color, taste, mouthfeel, and aroma (panelists preferred 1% S + 4% B).展开更多
Homogeneous binary function products are frequently encountered in the sub-universes modeled by databases,spanning from genealogical trees and sports to education and healthcare,etc.Their properties must be discovered...Homogeneous binary function products are frequently encountered in the sub-universes modeled by databases,spanning from genealogical trees and sports to education and healthcare,etc.Their properties must be discovered and enforced by the software applications managing such data to guarantee plausibility.The(Elementary)Mathematical Data Model provides 17 types of dyadic-based homogeneous binary function product constraint categories.MatBase,an intelligent data and knowledge base management system prototype,allows database designers to simply declare them by only clicking corresponding checkboxes and automatically generates code for enforcing them.This paper describes the algorithms that MatBase uses for enforcing all 17 types of homogeneous binary function product constraint,which may also be employed by developers without access to MatBase.展开更多
On basis of test information, the research performed analysis on water production function models of two crops, which indicated that water model of crops in whole growth stage and water model of crops indifferent grow...On basis of test information, the research performed analysis on water production function models of two crops, which indicated that water model of crops in whole growth stage and water model of crops indifferent growth stages have consistency as well as differences, providing references for optimization of irrigation water. Meanwhile, the research analyzed the deficiency of optimization on irrigation water for crops just by Jensen model.展开更多
[Objective] To analyze the input and output in rice cultivation based on CD function. [Method] Based on the input factors, Cobb-Douglas production （CD） function was used to do the quantitative analysis on the input-...[Objective] To analyze the input and output in rice cultivation based on CD function. [Method] Based on the input factors, Cobb-Douglas production （CD） function was used to do the quantitative analysis on the input-output in rice production with rice growers as the objective. [Result] Considering the substitution effect of labor in- put and capital input, under the same technical conditions, the effect of increasing labor input on the rice production in per 667 m2 was negative, based on which 2 pieces of policy suggestions were put forward to promote the transfer of surplus la- bor force of rice growers and ensure the capital supply for rice production. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the realization of reasonable allocation of rice production resources.展开更多
Let A be the class of functions f(z)=z+sum from n=2 to ∞ (a_nZ^n) which are analytic in the unit disc, and let In this paper, Some properties of Q_α(β) and R_α(β) are investigated. In particular, Some results due...Let A be the class of functions f(z)=z+sum from n=2 to ∞ (a_nZ^n) which are analytic in the unit disc, and let In this paper, Some properties of Q_α(β) and R_α(β) are investigated. In particular, Some results due to chichra [4], Mocanu[5] and Obradovic[6] are extended. In addition, We also showed an error of S. Owa[8].展开更多
Using a crop-water-salinity production function and a soil-water-salinity dynamic model, optimal irrigation scheduling was developed to maximize net return per irrigated area. Plot and field experiments were used to o...Using a crop-water-salinity production function and a soil-water-salinity dynamic model, optimal irrigation scheduling was developed to maximize net return per irrigated area. Plot and field experiments were used to obtain the crop water sensitivity index, the salinity sensitivity index, and other parameters. Using data collected during 35 years to calculate the 10-day mean precipitation and evaporation, the variation in soil salinity concentrations and in the yields of winter wheat and cotton were simulated for 49 irrigation scheduling that were combined from 7 irrigation schemes over 3 irrigation dates and 7 salinity concentrations of saline irrigation water (fresh water and 6 levels of saline water). Comparison of predicted results with irrigation data obtained from a large area of the field showed that the model was valid and reliable. Based on the analysis of the investment cost of the irrigation that employed deep tube wells or shallow tube wells, a saline water irrigation schedule and a corresponding strategy for groundwater development and utilization were proposed. For wheat or cotton, if the salinity concentration was higher than 7.0 g L-1 in groundwater, irrigation was needed with only fresh water; if about 5.0 g L-1, irrigation was required twice with fresh water and once with saline water; and if not higher than 3.0 g L-1, irrigation could be solely with saline water.展开更多
The purpose of the study is to measure the "growth drag" according to the characteristic of Chinese land resource.Romer model (2001) holds that every country is inevitably affected by the "growth drag&q...The purpose of the study is to measure the "growth drag" according to the characteristic of Chinese land resource.Romer model (2001) holds that every country is inevitably affected by the "growth drag" due to the limitation of land resource.So it's of profound strategic significance to measure the "growth drag" according to the character of Chinese land resource.Modified two-level CES production function was employed,and this paper modified the hypothesis of the model.The result indicates that the limitation of Chinese land resource casts shadow over the economic development of China,and the growth rate is 0.4618% lower than that without the limitation of land resource.Through implementing the land resource protection policy along with the technology improvement and the substitute effect of other factors to the land resource,China will keep a steady and balanced economic growth.展开更多
In the present paper, we derive some third-order differential subordination results for analytic functions in the open unit disk, using the operator Bcκf by means of normalized form of the generalized Bessel function...In the present paper, we derive some third-order differential subordination results for analytic functions in the open unit disk, using the operator Bcκf by means of normalized form of the generalized Bessel functions of the first kind, which is defined as z（Bκ＋1^c f（z））′= κBκ^c f（z）-（κ- 1）Bκ＋1^c f（z）,where b, c, p ∈ C and κ = p ＋（b ＋ 1）/2 ∈ C ／ Z0^-（Z0^-= {0,-1,-2, … }）. The results are obtained by considering suitable classes of admissible functions. Various known or new special cases of our main results are also pointed out.展开更多
Based on the analysis of the bioenergy crop production function of land use,combined with the status quo of Chinese land use,the cultivation of energy plants and the bioenergy crop production function of land use had ...Based on the analysis of the bioenergy crop production function of land use,combined with the status quo of Chinese land use,the cultivation of energy plants and the bioenergy crop production function of land use had been analyzes and discusses in this paper.Results show that there were a lot of unused lands and marginal lands which can be planted bioenergy crops to perform the bioenergy crop production function of land use with great potentials;and currently there were no food production problems.Therefore,it was very important for China to emphasize bioenergy crops planting in order to fully use land resources in our country,moderate the energy crisis and increase peasants' income.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the graph of the product of continuous functions in terms of Hausdorff and packing dimensions.More precisely,we show that,given a real number 1≤β≤2,any real-valued continuous function in C...In this paper,we consider the graph of the product of continuous functions in terms of Hausdorff and packing dimensions.More precisely,we show that,given a real number 1≤β≤2,any real-valued continuous function in C([0,1])can be decomposed into a product of two real-valued continuous functions,each having a graph of Hausdorff dimensionβ.In addition,a product decomposition result for the packing dimension is obtained.This work answers affirmatively two questions raised by Verma and Priyadarshi[14].展开更多
We introduce and study two subclasses ？_（[α_1]）（A, B, λ） and ？_（[α_1]）~＋ （A, B, λ） of meromorphic p-valent functions defined by certain linear operator involving the generalized hypergeometric function....We introduce and study two subclasses ？_（[α_1]）（A, B, λ） and ？_（[α_1]）~＋ （A, B, λ） of meromorphic p-valent functions defined by certain linear operator involving the generalized hypergeometric function. The main object is to investigate the various important properties and characteristics of these subclasses of meromorphically multivalent functions. We extend the familiar concept of neighborhoods of analytic functions to these subclasses. We also derive many interesting results for the Hadamard products of functions belonging to the class ？_（[α_1]）~＋（α, β, γ, λ）.展开更多
In the work one-productive model of economic dynamics the labor-force involved in production is investigated the case when or function with constant elasticity of substitution （CES） is studied. is considered. The de...In the work one-productive model of economic dynamics the labor-force involved in production is investigated the case when or function with constant elasticity of substitution （CES） is studied. is considered. The dependence of the consumption volume on production function coincides with the Cobb-Douglas function展开更多
In this paper,a new basic method of constructing smooth production functions isgiven,and many ordinary production functions are drawn. It is obvious thatsome more production functions can be obtained from the method.
In order to promote the transformation and high-quality development of strawberry industry and speed up the application of functional microbial products in strawberry,the application technology of functional microbial...In order to promote the transformation and high-quality development of strawberry industry and speed up the application of functional microbial products in strawberry,the application technology of functional microbial products in strawberry planting is studied and summarized.It mainly includes:the periods and methods of continuous cropping strawberry soil reduction and disinfection at high temperature,before and after strawberry planting,before plastic film mulching and whole process of plant spraying.Through multi-point test and demonstration,the purpose of advancing the season of strawberries,improving the quality,increasing production and increasing efficiency is achieved,and there is no risk of agricultural residue pollution,which meets the needs of people's consumption upgrading.Therefore,the application of functional microbial products in green ecological planting is very necessary,and it is worth further speeding up the demonstration and promotion.展开更多
In this paper, we use the methods of differential subordination and the properties of convolution to investigate the class Wp（H（ai, bj）; φ） of multivalent analytic functions, which is defined by the Dziok-Srivast...In this paper, we use the methods of differential subordination and the properties of convolution to investigate the class Wp（H（ai, bj）; φ） of multivalent analytic functions, which is defined by the Dziok-Srivastava operator H（a1,..., aq; b1,..., bs）. Some inclusion properties for this class are obtained.展开更多
Synthetic biology is one of the rapid developing scientific fields in recent years. Through synthetic biology,we have a better understanding of the natural synthesis process of natural products, which provides a favor...Synthetic biology is one of the rapid developing scientific fields in recent years. Through synthetic biology,we have a better understanding of the natural synthesis process of natural products, which provides a favorable method to research the diversity of natural products, and also provides new tools for us to create new approach for producing natural products, we can synthesize compounds with different structures by artificial combination of different synthesis modules.展开更多
Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa ...Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa farms using cross-sectional data from areas ranging from 190 to 1021 m above sea level which were classified as low, medium, and high elevation in Davao City, considered as the chocolate capital of the Philippines. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the results showed that the cost of inputs per ha and the number of cocoa trees per ha significantly increase yield. Farms at high elevations were less technically efficient, as this entails lower temperatures and increased rainfall, and cocoa farming in those areas and conditions can be more challenging, especially with changes in farming practices, terrain, and distance to markets. Other significant variables were age of cocoa farms, married farmers, and age of the farmers. Older farms may be more developed, farmers who are married benefit from their spouses being able to readily contribute as farm labor, and lastly, older farmers' inefficiency may likely stem from nonadaptation of newer farming practices. With an average technical efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, and 0.26 in low, medium, and high elevation areas, respectively, farmers therefore have an incentive to improve farm practices and consider topographical variations found in high elevation areas. Recommendations for the improvement of technical efficiency of cocoa farms are better connectivity to markets, enhancing farm practices, and continuation and improvement of government programs on cocoa with an added emphasis on research. For farmers in high elevation areas, mitigating solutions such as sustainable agriculture practices and ecolabelling are key to improving efficiency and minimizing the potential negative impact on upland farming systems. Moreover, such adaptation measures may also contribute to sustainability of cocoa farming in high elevation areas.展开更多
Elevation can affect agricultural outputs,affecting farms’productivity and efficiency.This article identified the significant production inputs influencing productivity and factors influencing technical efficiency(TE...Elevation can affect agricultural outputs,affecting farms’productivity and efficiency.This article identified the significant production inputs influencing productivity and factors influencing technical efficiency(TE)and determined the average TE scores of Robusta coffee farms at varying elevations in Sultan Kudarat,Philippines.Cross-sectional data from the Mahintana Foundation,Inc.using random stratified sampling and power analysis from September 9,2021,to January 13,2022,were used to analyze 604 farms from areas ranging from 0.33 to 1284.18 above mean sea level(amsl),classified as low,medium,and high elevation.Open-Data-Kit-based(ODK)mobile data collection systems were utilized to precisely determine the farms’coordinates and elevation.Using stochastic frontier analysis,results showed that increasing the total fertilizer amount and total trees by 1%significantly increased yield by 0.20%and 0.79%,respectively.Meanwhile,increasing the total land area by 1%,including areas unutilized for coffee farming,decreases total yield by 0.11%.Regarding TE,results showed that TE decreases by approximately 0.58%at high elevations.Meanwhile,increasing net income from coffee farming alone by 1%significantly increases TE by 0.00008%.With an average TE of 0.60,0.77,and 0.63 in low,medium,and high elevations,farms may be incentivized to improve farming practices to increase their TE further.TE improvement recommendations include promoting coffee-agroforestry systems and ecolabelling at medium elevations,such as shade-grown coffee,to promote sustainable production in Robusta coffee farms by assigning a premium to consumers demanding environmental conservation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41671519 and 41771560)
文摘In China, rural settlements are usually multifunctional complex of natural societies and they also play important productive function. This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of the productive function of three rural settlements, i.e.,Hetaoyuan, Dawengshan, and Gaoqiao, in the Yimeng Mountain in Shandong province of eastern China.Residents lived in this three types of rural settlements were all involved in agricultural production(i.e., grain threshing, drying and storage), which had remained dominant in Hetaoyuan. Dawengshan became an industrial-oriented settlement, while Gaoqiao became a commercial-oriented settlement. This evolution was reflected in the livelihood strategy changes of rural households and the transition of rural settlements changes. The choice of livelihood strategy was affected by the livelihood assets and policies, which resulted in the spatiotemporal evolution of the productive function of rural settlements. This study can provide references for the implementation and adjustment of rural residential land consolidation policies and the improvement of production and the quality of rural life in future.
基金funded by the University Teachers Innovation Fund Project of Gansu Province(2025A-001)the Northwest Normal University Young Teachers'Scientific Research Ability Improvement Plan(NWNULKQN2024-20).
文摘Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use planning.This is especially critical for ecologically vulnerable inland river basins in arid regions.However,existing methods struggle to effectively capture complex nonlinear interactions among environmental factors and their multifaceted relationships with trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,especially for the inland river basins in arid regions.Consequently,this study focused on the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin(MHRB),an arid inland river basin in northwestern China.Using land use,socioeconomic,meteorological,and hydrological data from 2000 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of LUFs and their trade-off and synergy relationships from the perspective of production,living,ecological functions.Additionally,we employed an integrated Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)-SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)framework to investigate the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs.Our findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020,the production,living,and ecological functions of land use within the MHRB exhibited an increasing trend,demonstrating a distinct spatial pattern of''high in the southwest and low in the northeast''.Significant spatial heterogeneity defined the trade-off and synergistic relationships,with trade-offs dominating human activity-intensive oasis areas,while synergies prevailed in other areas.During the study period,synergistic relationships between production and living functions and between production and ecological functions were relatively robust,whereas synergies in living-ecological functions remained weaker.Natural factors(digital elevation model(DEM),annual mean temperature,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),and annual precipitation)emerged as the primary factors driving the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,followed by socioeconomic factors(population density,Gross Domestic Product(GDP),and land use intensity),while distance factors(distance to water bodies,distance to residential areas,and distance to roads)exerted minimal influence.Notably,the interactions among NDVI,annual mean temperature,DEM,and land use intensity exerted the most substantial impacts on the relationships among LUFs.This study provides novel perspectives and methodologies for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,offering scientific insights to inform regional land use planning and sustainable natural resource management in inland river basins in arid regions.
文摘Spirulina, a protein-rich cyanobacterium, and Bilberry, a dark berry, have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients in the food industry. These two underexplored and underutilized ingredients were used to develop an adolescent-friendly functional snack food product in the light of food industry trends. Stages of product development, shelf life/physiochemical analysis (texture, pH, color, and water activity) and sensory evaluation were utilized in developing a functional snack mini muffin containing Spirulina and Bilberry. Aqueous (AQ) and 80% ethanol (ET) extracts of mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% Spirulina (S) + 4% Bilberry (B), 2% Spirulina (S) + 8% Bilberry (B)) were prepared using a standard protocol. Antioxidant potential was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP) assays. Utilizing a 5-point hedonic scale (1—Dislike very much, 2—Dislike a little, 3—Neither like nor dislike, 4—Like a little, 5—Like very much), 3 mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% S + 4% B, 2% S +8% B), were tested among consumer panelists, with 1% S + 4% B being the most acceptable based on taste, texture, color, aroma, appearance, etc. Texture (post-peak (N) of the mini muffin did not vary between chocolate and 1 S% + 4% B formulations;however, 2% S + 8% B was 1.09 times higher compared to its counterparts. pH, color, and water activity remained constant over the 9-day shelf-life period. The Spirulina and Bilberry muffins developed exhibited antioxidant activities (highest in 2% S + 8% B), and were accepted by the sensory panelists for color, taste, mouthfeel, and aroma (panelists preferred 1% S + 4% B).
文摘Homogeneous binary function products are frequently encountered in the sub-universes modeled by databases,spanning from genealogical trees and sports to education and healthcare,etc.Their properties must be discovered and enforced by the software applications managing such data to guarantee plausibility.The(Elementary)Mathematical Data Model provides 17 types of dyadic-based homogeneous binary function product constraint categories.MatBase,an intelligent data and knowledge base management system prototype,allows database designers to simply declare them by only clicking corresponding checkboxes and automatically generates code for enforcing them.This paper describes the algorithms that MatBase uses for enforcing all 17 types of homogeneous binary function product constraint,which may also be employed by developers without access to MatBase.
文摘On basis of test information, the research performed analysis on water production function models of two crops, which indicated that water model of crops in whole growth stage and water model of crops indifferent growth stages have consistency as well as differences, providing references for optimization of irrigation water. Meanwhile, the research analyzed the deficiency of optimization on irrigation water for crops just by Jensen model.
基金Supported by the Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(2010YBA012)~~
文摘[Objective] To analyze the input and output in rice cultivation based on CD function. [Method] Based on the input factors, Cobb-Douglas production （CD） function was used to do the quantitative analysis on the input-output in rice production with rice growers as the objective. [Result] Considering the substitution effect of labor in- put and capital input, under the same technical conditions, the effect of increasing labor input on the rice production in per 667 m2 was negative, based on which 2 pieces of policy suggestions were put forward to promote the transfer of surplus la- bor force of rice growers and ensure the capital supply for rice production. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the realization of reasonable allocation of rice production resources.
文摘Let A be the class of functions f(z)=z+sum from n=2 to ∞ (a_nZ^n) which are analytic in the unit disc, and let In this paper, Some properties of Q_α(β) and R_α(β) are investigated. In particular, Some results due to chichra [4], Mocanu[5] and Obradovic[6] are extended. In addition, We also showed an error of S. Owa[8].
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50339030 and 90202001).
文摘Using a crop-water-salinity production function and a soil-water-salinity dynamic model, optimal irrigation scheduling was developed to maximize net return per irrigated area. Plot and field experiments were used to obtain the crop water sensitivity index, the salinity sensitivity index, and other parameters. Using data collected during 35 years to calculate the 10-day mean precipitation and evaporation, the variation in soil salinity concentrations and in the yields of winter wheat and cotton were simulated for 49 irrigation scheduling that were combined from 7 irrigation schemes over 3 irrigation dates and 7 salinity concentrations of saline irrigation water (fresh water and 6 levels of saline water). Comparison of predicted results with irrigation data obtained from a large area of the field showed that the model was valid and reliable. Based on the analysis of the investment cost of the irrigation that employed deep tube wells or shallow tube wells, a saline water irrigation schedule and a corresponding strategy for groundwater development and utilization were proposed. For wheat or cotton, if the salinity concentration was higher than 7.0 g L-1 in groundwater, irrigation was needed with only fresh water; if about 5.0 g L-1, irrigation was required twice with fresh water and once with saline water; and if not higher than 3.0 g L-1, irrigation could be solely with saline water.
基金founded by the Excellent Young Teachers Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. B8101090039)the Project for Doctoral Research Fund of Shanghai Ocean University (Grant No.A2400080314)
文摘The purpose of the study is to measure the "growth drag" according to the characteristic of Chinese land resource.Romer model (2001) holds that every country is inevitably affected by the "growth drag" due to the limitation of land resource.So it's of profound strategic significance to measure the "growth drag" according to the character of Chinese land resource.Modified two-level CES production function was employed,and this paper modified the hypothesis of the model.The result indicates that the limitation of Chinese land resource casts shadow over the economic development of China,and the growth rate is 0.4618% lower than that without the limitation of land resource.Through implementing the land resource protection policy along with the technology improvement and the substitute effect of other factors to the land resource,China will keep a steady and balanced economic growth.
基金partly supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(11271045)the Higher School Doctoral Foundation of China(20100003110004)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia of China(2010MS0117)athe Higher School Foundation of Inner Mongolia of China(NJZY13298)the Commission for the Scientific Research Projects of Kafkas Univertsity(2012-FEF-30)
文摘In the present paper, we derive some third-order differential subordination results for analytic functions in the open unit disk, using the operator Bcκf by means of normalized form of the generalized Bessel functions of the first kind, which is defined as z（Bκ＋1^c f（z））′= κBκ^c f（z）-（κ- 1）Bκ＋1^c f（z）,where b, c, p ∈ C and κ = p ＋（b ＋ 1）/2 ∈ C ／ Z0^-（Z0^-= {0,-1,-2, … }）. The results are obtained by considering suitable classes of admissible functions. Various known or new special cases of our main results are also pointed out.
文摘Based on the analysis of the bioenergy crop production function of land use,combined with the status quo of Chinese land use,the cultivation of energy plants and the bioenergy crop production function of land use had been analyzes and discusses in this paper.Results show that there were a lot of unused lands and marginal lands which can be planted bioenergy crops to perform the bioenergy crop production function of land use with great potentials;and currently there were no food production problems.Therefore,it was very important for China to emphasize bioenergy crops planting in order to fully use land resources in our country,moderate the energy crisis and increase peasants' income.
基金supported by the NSFC (11701001,11626030)the Support Plan for Outstanding Young Talents in Colleges in Anhui Province (Key project) (gxyqzD2020021)the Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province,2023。
文摘In this paper,we consider the graph of the product of continuous functions in terms of Hausdorff and packing dimensions.More precisely,we show that,given a real number 1≤β≤2,any real-valued continuous function in C([0,1])can be decomposed into a product of two real-valued continuous functions,each having a graph of Hausdorff dimensionβ.In addition,a product decomposition result for the packing dimension is obtained.This work answers affirmatively two questions raised by Verma and Priyadarshi[14].
文摘We introduce and study two subclasses ？_（[α_1]）（A, B, λ） and ？_（[α_1]）~＋ （A, B, λ） of meromorphic p-valent functions defined by certain linear operator involving the generalized hypergeometric function. The main object is to investigate the various important properties and characteristics of these subclasses of meromorphically multivalent functions. We extend the familiar concept of neighborhoods of analytic functions to these subclasses. We also derive many interesting results for the Hadamard products of functions belonging to the class ？_（[α_1]）~＋（α, β, γ, λ）.
文摘In the work one-productive model of economic dynamics the labor-force involved in production is investigated the case when or function with constant elasticity of substitution （CES） is studied. is considered. The dependence of the consumption volume on production function coincides with the Cobb-Douglas function
文摘In this paper,a new basic method of constructing smooth production functions isgiven,and many ordinary production functions are drawn. It is obvious thatsome more production functions can be obtained from the method.
基金Supported by Zhenjiang Key R&D Program(NY2020017).
文摘In order to promote the transformation and high-quality development of strawberry industry and speed up the application of functional microbial products in strawberry,the application technology of functional microbial products in strawberry planting is studied and summarized.It mainly includes:the periods and methods of continuous cropping strawberry soil reduction and disinfection at high temperature,before and after strawberry planting,before plastic film mulching and whole process of plant spraying.Through multi-point test and demonstration,the purpose of advancing the season of strawberries,improving the quality,increasing production and increasing efficiency is achieved,and there is no risk of agricultural residue pollution,which meets the needs of people's consumption upgrading.Therefore,the application of functional microbial products in green ecological planting is very necessary,and it is worth further speeding up the demonstration and promotion.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11271045)the Funds of Doctoral Programme of China(Grant No.20100003110004)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Province(Grant Nos.2010MS01172014MS0101)
文摘In this paper, we use the methods of differential subordination and the properties of convolution to investigate the class Wp（H（ai, bj）; φ） of multivalent analytic functions, which is defined by the Dziok-Srivastava operator H（a1,..., aq; b1,..., bs）. Some inclusion properties for this class are obtained.
文摘Synthetic biology is one of the rapid developing scientific fields in recent years. Through synthetic biology,we have a better understanding of the natural synthesis process of natural products, which provides a favorable method to research the diversity of natural products, and also provides new tools for us to create new approach for producing natural products, we can synthesize compounds with different structures by artificial combination of different synthesis modules.
文摘Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa farms using cross-sectional data from areas ranging from 190 to 1021 m above sea level which were classified as low, medium, and high elevation in Davao City, considered as the chocolate capital of the Philippines. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the results showed that the cost of inputs per ha and the number of cocoa trees per ha significantly increase yield. Farms at high elevations were less technically efficient, as this entails lower temperatures and increased rainfall, and cocoa farming in those areas and conditions can be more challenging, especially with changes in farming practices, terrain, and distance to markets. Other significant variables were age of cocoa farms, married farmers, and age of the farmers. Older farms may be more developed, farmers who are married benefit from their spouses being able to readily contribute as farm labor, and lastly, older farmers' inefficiency may likely stem from nonadaptation of newer farming practices. With an average technical efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, and 0.26 in low, medium, and high elevation areas, respectively, farmers therefore have an incentive to improve farm practices and consider topographical variations found in high elevation areas. Recommendations for the improvement of technical efficiency of cocoa farms are better connectivity to markets, enhancing farm practices, and continuation and improvement of government programs on cocoa with an added emphasis on research. For farmers in high elevation areas, mitigating solutions such as sustainable agriculture practices and ecolabelling are key to improving efficiency and minimizing the potential negative impact on upland farming systems. Moreover, such adaptation measures may also contribute to sustainability of cocoa farming in high elevation areas.
基金the Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (DOST-PCAARRD) for funding the Agri-Aqua Value Chain Laboratory as a program, which enabled the conduct of this study
文摘Elevation can affect agricultural outputs,affecting farms’productivity and efficiency.This article identified the significant production inputs influencing productivity and factors influencing technical efficiency(TE)and determined the average TE scores of Robusta coffee farms at varying elevations in Sultan Kudarat,Philippines.Cross-sectional data from the Mahintana Foundation,Inc.using random stratified sampling and power analysis from September 9,2021,to January 13,2022,were used to analyze 604 farms from areas ranging from 0.33 to 1284.18 above mean sea level(amsl),classified as low,medium,and high elevation.Open-Data-Kit-based(ODK)mobile data collection systems were utilized to precisely determine the farms’coordinates and elevation.Using stochastic frontier analysis,results showed that increasing the total fertilizer amount and total trees by 1%significantly increased yield by 0.20%and 0.79%,respectively.Meanwhile,increasing the total land area by 1%,including areas unutilized for coffee farming,decreases total yield by 0.11%.Regarding TE,results showed that TE decreases by approximately 0.58%at high elevations.Meanwhile,increasing net income from coffee farming alone by 1%significantly increases TE by 0.00008%.With an average TE of 0.60,0.77,and 0.63 in low,medium,and high elevations,farms may be incentivized to improve farming practices to increase their TE further.TE improvement recommendations include promoting coffee-agroforestry systems and ecolabelling at medium elevations,such as shade-grown coffee,to promote sustainable production in Robusta coffee farms by assigning a premium to consumers demanding environmental conservation.
