Under the background of the rapid development of the national economy, the domestic demand for medium and heavy machinery and equipment is also increasing, especially the demand for the key parts of machinery and equi...Under the background of the rapid development of the national economy, the domestic demand for medium and heavy machinery and equipment is also increasing, especially the demand for the key parts of machinery and equipment. Mechanical parts are required to have higher life, fatigue strength, impact fatigue strength, hardness and other indicators in engineering operation. Carburizing process is widely considered as a practical chemical heat treatment technology. However, there are still many problems in the carburizing process. Taking 20CrMnTi steel gear as an example, this paper briefly introduces the existing problems in carburizing technology and the optimization of key technologies.展开更多
The effects of Sr addition and pressure increase on the microstructure and casting defects of a low-pressure die cast （LPDC） AISi7Mg0.3 alloy have been studied. Metallographic and image analysis techniques have been...The effects of Sr addition and pressure increase on the microstructure and casting defects of a low-pressure die cast （LPDC） AISi7Mg0.3 alloy have been studied. Metallographic and image analysis techniques have been used to quantitatively examine the microstructural changes and the amount of porosity occurring at different Sr levels and pressure parameters. The results indicate that an increase in the filling pressure induces lower heat dissipation of the liquid close to the die/core surfaces, with the formation of slightly greater dendrite arms and coarser eutectic Si particles. On the other hand, the increase in the Sr level leads to finer microstructural scale and eutectic Si. The analysed variables, within the experimental conditions, do not affect the morphology of eutectic Si particles. Higher applied pressure and Sr content generate castings with lower amount of porosiW. However, as the filling pressure increases the flow of metal inside the die cavity is more turbulent, leading to the formation of oxide films and cold shots. In the analysed range of experimental conditions, the design of experiment methodology and the analysis of variance have been used to develop statistical models that accurately predict the average size of secondary dendrite arm spacing and the amount of porosity in the low-pressure die cast AISiTMg0.3 alloy.展开更多
The isothermal local loading forming technology provides a feasible way to form Ti-alloy large-scale rib-web components in aerospace and aviation fields.However,the local loading process forming limit is restricted by...The isothermal local loading forming technology provides a feasible way to form Ti-alloy large-scale rib-web components in aerospace and aviation fields.However,the local loading process forming limit is restricted by forming defects in the transitional region.In this work,the feasibility of controlling forming defects and improving the process forming limit by adjusting die parameters is explored through finite element（FE） simulation.It is found that the common cavum and folding defects in the transitional region are significantly influenced by the fillet radii of left rib and middle rib,respectively.The cavum and folding defects can be effectively controlled by increasing the fillet radii of left rib and middle rib,respectively.The process forming limits considering forming defects in the transitional region are determined by the stepwise searching method under various die parameters.Moreover,the relationship between the process forming limit and die parameters is developed through the response surface methodology（RSM）.The developed RSM models suggest that increasing the fillet radii of left and middle ribs is effective to improve the process forming limit during local loading forming of rib-web components.The results will provide technical basis for the design of die parameters and the reduction amount,which is of great importance to control forming defects and improve the process forming limit in local loading forming of Ti-alloy large-scale rib-web components.展开更多
The groove defect formed in the friction stir welding dramatically deteriorates weld appearances and mechanical properties of the joints owing to its larger size and penetration. Therefore, the friction stir repair we...The groove defect formed in the friction stir welding dramatically deteriorates weld appearances and mechanical properties of the joints owing to its larger size and penetration. Therefore, the friction stir repair welding was utilized to remove such a groove defect, and the focus was placed on the mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of the repair joints so as to obtain an optimum repair welding process. The experimental results indicate that the groove defect can be removed by friction stir repair welding, and the offset repair welding process is superior to the symmetrical repair welding process. In the symmetrical repair welding process, a large number of fine cavity defects and an obvious aggregation of hard-brittle phase Al2Cu occur, accordingly the mechanical properties of the repair joint are weakened, and the fracture feature of repair joint is partially brittle and partially plastic. A good-quality repair joint can be obtained by the offset repair welding process, and the repair joint is fractured near the interface between the weld nugget zone and thermal-mechanically affected zone.展开更多
Researches on the processing method of ceramic bearing ball,the formation and propagation of defects in the manufacturing and the nondestructive evaluation(NDE) are summarized in this paper.The key for successful proc...Researches on the processing method of ceramic bearing ball,the formation and propagation of defects in the manufacturing and the nondestructive evaluation(NDE) are summarized in this paper.The key for successful processing of high strength ceramic balls is to avoid producing related defects.Many investigations show that the material microstructures,defects as well as mechanical processing parameters influence the final surface quality significantly.Most of NDE technologies,such as radiation,ultrasonic,dye-penetration and laser scatter,have been studied for ceramic bearing ball surface inspection around the world.So far,the difficulties to develop the perfect NDE system for ceramic bearing balls,which are caused by the defect variety and surface unfolding,have not been overcome yet.展开更多
The main types of defect in the (Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7))Fe_(1.95) alloys with the 'one-step' directional solidification process were investigated. The effect of the dendrite, grain boundaries, twin boundaries, and R...The main types of defect in the (Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7))Fe_(1.95) alloys with the 'one-step' directional solidification process were investigated. The effect of the dendrite, grain boundaries, twin boundaries, and REFe_3 precipitates on the magnetostrictive response of the (Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7))Fe_(1.95) alloys was analyzed respectively. The experiment results demonstrate that the dendrite, twin boundaries, and REFe_3 precipitates can be avoided by modifying alloying ingredient, solidification parameters and annealing technique. The dendritic growth front often leads to dendrite sheet, rare earth-rich phase, and twin boundaries. The lower proportion of rare earth, or slow solidification rate, results in the occurrence of REFe_3 precipitatates. It is vital for diminishing the defects to control the undercooling of solid-liquid interface at (2.4～5.1)×10~4 K·s·cm^(-2) so that the crystal grows in cellular growth front.展开更多
This paper uses various mean-field approaches and the Monte Carlo simulation to calculate asymmetric simple exclusion processes with particles of arbitrary size in the successive defects system. In this system, the ho...This paper uses various mean-field approaches and the Monte Carlo simulation to calculate asymmetric simple exclusion processes with particles of arbitrary size in the successive defects system. In this system, the hopping probability p （p 〈 1） and the size d of particles are not constant, Through theoretical calculation and computer simulation, it obtains the exact theoretical results and finds that the theoretical results are in agreement with the computer simulation. These results are helpful in analysing the effect of traffic with different hopping probabilities p and sizes d of particle.展开更多
采用激光粉末床熔融(laser powder bed fusion,LPBF)技术制备K418B高温合金,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和硬度仪分析工艺参数激光功率(140~220 W)和扫描速度(600~1400 mm/s)对显微缺陷、致密度、微观组织及硬度的影响。结果表明,激光功...采用激光粉末床熔融(laser powder bed fusion,LPBF)技术制备K418B高温合金,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和硬度仪分析工艺参数激光功率(140~220 W)和扫描速度(600~1400 mm/s)对显微缺陷、致密度、微观组织及硬度的影响。结果表明,激光功率和扫描速度均显著影响样品的相对密度与缺陷分布。低能量密度易产生不规则孔洞,高能量密度则易形成球形气孔与凝固裂纹;体积能量密度(volume energy density,VED)过低或过高都会降低致密度和性能。最佳工艺参数为激光功率180 W、扫描速度1400 mm/s,在该条件下样品致密度可达99.95%以上,表面缺陷少,仅有少量凝固裂纹,显微组织呈明显熔池边界和胞状结构,维氏硬度达366.8HV_(0.2)。微观组织观察显示,熔池边界处晶粒较粗大,内部可见细胞状柱状晶,局部连续跨越多个熔池,表现出快速凝固特征。硬度随VED先升后降,与孔隙含量及致密度变化一致。研究揭示热应力是裂纹产生的主要原因,为K418B合金LPBF成形的参数优化提供依据,对提升航空发动机关键部件制造质量具有工程应用价值。展开更多
文摘Under the background of the rapid development of the national economy, the domestic demand for medium and heavy machinery and equipment is also increasing, especially the demand for the key parts of machinery and equipment. Mechanical parts are required to have higher life, fatigue strength, impact fatigue strength, hardness and other indicators in engineering operation. Carburizing process is widely considered as a practical chemical heat treatment technology. However, there are still many problems in the carburizing process. Taking 20CrMnTi steel gear as an example, this paper briefly introduces the existing problems in carburizing technology and the optimization of key technologies.
文摘The effects of Sr addition and pressure increase on the microstructure and casting defects of a low-pressure die cast （LPDC） AISi7Mg0.3 alloy have been studied. Metallographic and image analysis techniques have been used to quantitatively examine the microstructural changes and the amount of porosity occurring at different Sr levels and pressure parameters. The results indicate that an increase in the filling pressure induces lower heat dissipation of the liquid close to the die/core surfaces, with the formation of slightly greater dendrite arms and coarser eutectic Si particles. On the other hand, the increase in the Sr level leads to finer microstructural scale and eutectic Si. The analysed variables, within the experimental conditions, do not affect the morphology of eutectic Si particles. Higher applied pressure and Sr content generate castings with lower amount of porosiW. However, as the filling pressure increases the flow of metal inside the die cavity is more turbulent, leading to the formation of oxide films and cold shots. In the analysed range of experimental conditions, the design of experiment methodology and the analysis of variance have been used to develop statistical models that accurately predict the average size of secondary dendrite arm spacing and the amount of porosity in the low-pressure die cast AISiTMg0.3 alloy.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51605388,51675433)111 Project(B08040)+2 种基金the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NWPU)in China(Grant No.131-QP-2015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mold Technology at Huazhong University of Science and Technology
文摘The isothermal local loading forming technology provides a feasible way to form Ti-alloy large-scale rib-web components in aerospace and aviation fields.However,the local loading process forming limit is restricted by forming defects in the transitional region.In this work,the feasibility of controlling forming defects and improving the process forming limit by adjusting die parameters is explored through finite element（FE） simulation.It is found that the common cavum and folding defects in the transitional region are significantly influenced by the fillet radii of left rib and middle rib,respectively.The cavum and folding defects can be effectively controlled by increasing the fillet radii of left rib and middle rib,respectively.The process forming limits considering forming defects in the transitional region are determined by the stepwise searching method under various die parameters.Moreover,the relationship between the process forming limit and die parameters is developed through the response surface methodology（RSM）.The developed RSM models suggest that increasing the fillet radii of left and middle ribs is effective to improve the process forming limit during local loading forming of rib-web components.The results will provide technical basis for the design of die parameters and the reduction amount,which is of great importance to control forming defects and improve the process forming limit in local loading forming of Ti-alloy large-scale rib-web components.
基金Project supported by the Program of Excellent Team in Harbin Institute of Technology, ChinaProject(2006BAF04B09) supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘The groove defect formed in the friction stir welding dramatically deteriorates weld appearances and mechanical properties of the joints owing to its larger size and penetration. Therefore, the friction stir repair welding was utilized to remove such a groove defect, and the focus was placed on the mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of the repair joints so as to obtain an optimum repair welding process. The experimental results indicate that the groove defect can be removed by friction stir repair welding, and the offset repair welding process is superior to the symmetrical repair welding process. In the symmetrical repair welding process, a large number of fine cavity defects and an obvious aggregation of hard-brittle phase Al2Cu occur, accordingly the mechanical properties of the repair joint are weakened, and the fracture feature of repair joint is partially brittle and partially plastic. A good-quality repair joint can be obtained by the offset repair welding process, and the repair joint is fractured near the interface between the weld nugget zone and thermal-mechanically affected zone.
基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China (50275031)
文摘Researches on the processing method of ceramic bearing ball,the formation and propagation of defects in the manufacturing and the nondestructive evaluation(NDE) are summarized in this paper.The key for successful processing of high strength ceramic balls is to avoid producing related defects.Many investigations show that the material microstructures,defects as well as mechanical processing parameters influence the final surface quality significantly.Most of NDE technologies,such as radiation,ultrasonic,dye-penetration and laser scatter,have been studied for ceramic bearing ball surface inspection around the world.So far,the difficulties to develop the perfect NDE system for ceramic bearing balls,which are caused by the defect variety and surface unfolding,have not been overcome yet.
文摘The main types of defect in the (Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7))Fe_(1.95) alloys with the 'one-step' directional solidification process were investigated. The effect of the dendrite, grain boundaries, twin boundaries, and REFe_3 precipitates on the magnetostrictive response of the (Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7))Fe_(1.95) alloys was analyzed respectively. The experiment results demonstrate that the dendrite, twin boundaries, and REFe_3 precipitates can be avoided by modifying alloying ingredient, solidification parameters and annealing technique. The dendritic growth front often leads to dendrite sheet, rare earth-rich phase, and twin boundaries. The lower proportion of rare earth, or slow solidification rate, results in the occurrence of REFe_3 precipitatates. It is vital for diminishing the defects to control the undercooling of solid-liquid interface at (2.4～5.1)×10~4 K·s·cm^(-2) so that the crystal grows in cellular growth front.
基金Project supported by the National Key Fundamental Research and Development Project of China (Grant No 2005CB724206)
文摘This paper uses various mean-field approaches and the Monte Carlo simulation to calculate asymmetric simple exclusion processes with particles of arbitrary size in the successive defects system. In this system, the hopping probability p （p 〈 1） and the size d of particles are not constant, Through theoretical calculation and computer simulation, it obtains the exact theoretical results and finds that the theoretical results are in agreement with the computer simulation. These results are helpful in analysing the effect of traffic with different hopping probabilities p and sizes d of particle.
文摘采用激光粉末床熔融(laser powder bed fusion,LPBF)技术制备K418B高温合金,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和硬度仪分析工艺参数激光功率(140~220 W)和扫描速度(600~1400 mm/s)对显微缺陷、致密度、微观组织及硬度的影响。结果表明,激光功率和扫描速度均显著影响样品的相对密度与缺陷分布。低能量密度易产生不规则孔洞,高能量密度则易形成球形气孔与凝固裂纹;体积能量密度(volume energy density,VED)过低或过高都会降低致密度和性能。最佳工艺参数为激光功率180 W、扫描速度1400 mm/s,在该条件下样品致密度可达99.95%以上,表面缺陷少,仅有少量凝固裂纹,显微组织呈明显熔池边界和胞状结构,维氏硬度达366.8HV_(0.2)。微观组织观察显示,熔池边界处晶粒较粗大,内部可见细胞状柱状晶,局部连续跨越多个熔池,表现出快速凝固特征。硬度随VED先升后降,与孔隙含量及致密度变化一致。研究揭示热应力是裂纹产生的主要原因,为K418B合金LPBF成形的参数优化提供依据,对提升航空发动机关键部件制造质量具有工程应用价值。
