A crossbreeding program was established in 2019 to address the declining Crassostrea gigas harvests caused by Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome(POMS).As a part of the program,this study was performed to estimate the g...A crossbreeding program was established in 2019 to address the declining Crassostrea gigas harvests caused by Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome(POMS).As a part of the program,this study was performed to estimate the genetic structure underlying phenotypic variation.Fifteen complete diallel crossings of C.gigas and C.angulata,comprising 60 full-sib families,were used to evaluate the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA),as well as genotype and environment interactions for shell height(SH),summer survival(SS),and thermal tolerance(TT)of reciprocal hybrids GA(C.gigas♀×C.angulata♂)and AG(C.angulata♀×C.gigas♂)grown in Rongcheng and Rushan,Shandong Province,China.The results suggested that heterosis of the reciprocal hybrids was evident for SH,SS,and TT.The hybrid GA had larger heterosis than AG in both testing environments,and can be a potential donor in the breeding program.The male C.gigas had better GCA for SH in Rongcheng,whereas male C.angulata was a good general combiner for SS and TT in both Rongcheng and Rushan.The estimate of SCA was much higher than GCA for SH and lower than GCA for TT.To harness both additive and non-additive genetic effects,combination breed-ing could be taken to develop hybrid varieties possessing both thermal tolerance and fast-growing traits.The positive correlations between SH and TT suggested that these traits could be improved simultaneously.The significant G×E interactions demonstrated the importance to undertake site-specific breeding programs in different environments.Overall,this study can provide essential information for developing crossbreeding strategies for the oyster farming industry.展开更多
Objectives: To describe the clinical profile of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in a semi-rural Ivorian setting: the rheumatology department of the Bouaké University Hospital (CHU.B). Patients and methods: Th...Objectives: To describe the clinical profile of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in a semi-rural Ivorian setting: the rheumatology department of the Bouaké University Hospital (CHU.B). Patients and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study from January 2018 to December 2023 in the rheumatology department of the CHU.B. The study focused on the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic data of children followed for JIA on the basis of the classification criteria of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR). Excel 2019 software was used to analyse the data. Results: Over a 6-year period, JIA represented 0.29% (11/3780) of all rheumatological conditions and 1.40% (11/782) of childhood rheumatic diseases. The mean age of the children at diagnosis was 13.09 ± 3.01 years, and the mean age at onset of the disease was 8.54 years. There were 6 girls and 5 boys. Joint involvement was the main reason for consultation and hospitalisation, accounting for 81.81% (9) of cases. There was a family history in 3 children (27.3%). The clinical forms were as follows: systemic 27.27% (3), oligoarticular 27.27% (3), polyarticular with rheumatoid factor negative 27.27% (3), polyarticular with rheumatoid factor positive 9.09 (1), arthritis with enthesitis 9.09 (1). JIA was discovered at steinbrocker functional stages II and III. Treatment included NSAIDs 72.72% (8), corticosteroid therapy combined with methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine 54.54% (6) and rehabilitation 63.63% (7). Conclusion: JIA is a little-known disease in the semi-rural environment of Côte d’Ivoire. It is characterised by a long delay in diagnosis in relation to poverty and the lack of recourse to alternative medicine in our populations;hence, it is important to raise awareness of the condition among the population and practitioners. Multidisciplinary intervention would improve the diagnosis and management of children with JIA.展开更多
Photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process where light exposure triggers a semiconducting nanomaterial(nano-photocatalyst)to generate electron-hole(e^(-)/h^(+))pairs and free radicals.This phenomenon is widely us...Photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process where light exposure triggers a semiconducting nanomaterial(nano-photocatalyst)to generate electron-hole(e^(-)/h^(+))pairs and free radicals.This phenomenon is widely used for the photocatalysis-assisted removal of organic and other contaminants using wide range of nanophotocatalysts,offering an efficient approach to environmental remediation.However,the introduction of powdered nano-photocatalysts into water systems often leads to unintended secondary pollution in the form of residual nano-photocatalysts,ion leaching,free radicals,toxic by-products etc.Such practices potentially introduce emerging secondary contaminants into aquatic environments,posing risks to both aquatic life and human health.The resulting chemical by-products and intermediates can effectively induce chronic toxicity,neurological and developmental disorders,cardiovascular defects,and intestinal ailments in humans and aquatic species.Despite having a range of health and environmental consequences,this dark side of nano-photocatalysts has been comparatively less explored and discussed in the literature.In this review,the pros and cons of powder nanophotocatalysts are discussed in view of their advantages as well as disadvantages in wastewater treatment.The discussion encompasses their classification based on composition,dimensions,structure,and activity,as well as recent advancements in improving their photocatalytic efficiency.The article also explores the recent advances on their applications in photocatalytic removal of various water pollutants/contaminants of emerging concern(i.e.,organic pollutants,micro/nano plastics,heavy ions,disinfections,etc.)Furthermore,an emphasis on the role of such nano-photocatalysts as emerging(secondary)contaminants in water system,along with a thorough discussion of latest studies related to the health and environmental issues,has been discussed.Additionally,it addresses critical issues in applying powder nano-photocatalysts for wastewater detoxification and explores potential solutions to these challenges followed by future prospects.展开更多
基金founded by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFD2400305)the Earmarked Fund for Agriculture Seed Improvement Project of Shandong Province(Nos.2022LZGCQY010,2021LZGC027 and 2021ZLGX03)the China Agriculture Research System Project(No.CARS-49)。
文摘A crossbreeding program was established in 2019 to address the declining Crassostrea gigas harvests caused by Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome(POMS).As a part of the program,this study was performed to estimate the genetic structure underlying phenotypic variation.Fifteen complete diallel crossings of C.gigas and C.angulata,comprising 60 full-sib families,were used to evaluate the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA),as well as genotype and environment interactions for shell height(SH),summer survival(SS),and thermal tolerance(TT)of reciprocal hybrids GA(C.gigas♀×C.angulata♂)and AG(C.angulata♀×C.gigas♂)grown in Rongcheng and Rushan,Shandong Province,China.The results suggested that heterosis of the reciprocal hybrids was evident for SH,SS,and TT.The hybrid GA had larger heterosis than AG in both testing environments,and can be a potential donor in the breeding program.The male C.gigas had better GCA for SH in Rongcheng,whereas male C.angulata was a good general combiner for SS and TT in both Rongcheng and Rushan.The estimate of SCA was much higher than GCA for SH and lower than GCA for TT.To harness both additive and non-additive genetic effects,combination breed-ing could be taken to develop hybrid varieties possessing both thermal tolerance and fast-growing traits.The positive correlations between SH and TT suggested that these traits could be improved simultaneously.The significant G×E interactions demonstrated the importance to undertake site-specific breeding programs in different environments.Overall,this study can provide essential information for developing crossbreeding strategies for the oyster farming industry.
文摘Objectives: To describe the clinical profile of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in a semi-rural Ivorian setting: the rheumatology department of the Bouaké University Hospital (CHU.B). Patients and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study from January 2018 to December 2023 in the rheumatology department of the CHU.B. The study focused on the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic data of children followed for JIA on the basis of the classification criteria of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR). Excel 2019 software was used to analyse the data. Results: Over a 6-year period, JIA represented 0.29% (11/3780) of all rheumatological conditions and 1.40% (11/782) of childhood rheumatic diseases. The mean age of the children at diagnosis was 13.09 ± 3.01 years, and the mean age at onset of the disease was 8.54 years. There were 6 girls and 5 boys. Joint involvement was the main reason for consultation and hospitalisation, accounting for 81.81% (9) of cases. There was a family history in 3 children (27.3%). The clinical forms were as follows: systemic 27.27% (3), oligoarticular 27.27% (3), polyarticular with rheumatoid factor negative 27.27% (3), polyarticular with rheumatoid factor positive 9.09 (1), arthritis with enthesitis 9.09 (1). JIA was discovered at steinbrocker functional stages II and III. Treatment included NSAIDs 72.72% (8), corticosteroid therapy combined with methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine 54.54% (6) and rehabilitation 63.63% (7). Conclusion: JIA is a little-known disease in the semi-rural environment of Côte d’Ivoire. It is characterised by a long delay in diagnosis in relation to poverty and the lack of recourse to alternative medicine in our populations;hence, it is important to raise awareness of the condition among the population and practitioners. Multidisciplinary intervention would improve the diagnosis and management of children with JIA.
基金Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR),New Delhi for providing Junior Research Fellowship(JRF),Ministry of Education(MoE)New Delhi and National Institute of Technology(NIT),Hamirpur for financial support.
文摘Photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process where light exposure triggers a semiconducting nanomaterial(nano-photocatalyst)to generate electron-hole(e^(-)/h^(+))pairs and free radicals.This phenomenon is widely used for the photocatalysis-assisted removal of organic and other contaminants using wide range of nanophotocatalysts,offering an efficient approach to environmental remediation.However,the introduction of powdered nano-photocatalysts into water systems often leads to unintended secondary pollution in the form of residual nano-photocatalysts,ion leaching,free radicals,toxic by-products etc.Such practices potentially introduce emerging secondary contaminants into aquatic environments,posing risks to both aquatic life and human health.The resulting chemical by-products and intermediates can effectively induce chronic toxicity,neurological and developmental disorders,cardiovascular defects,and intestinal ailments in humans and aquatic species.Despite having a range of health and environmental consequences,this dark side of nano-photocatalysts has been comparatively less explored and discussed in the literature.In this review,the pros and cons of powder nanophotocatalysts are discussed in view of their advantages as well as disadvantages in wastewater treatment.The discussion encompasses their classification based on composition,dimensions,structure,and activity,as well as recent advancements in improving their photocatalytic efficiency.The article also explores the recent advances on their applications in photocatalytic removal of various water pollutants/contaminants of emerging concern(i.e.,organic pollutants,micro/nano plastics,heavy ions,disinfections,etc.)Furthermore,an emphasis on the role of such nano-photocatalysts as emerging(secondary)contaminants in water system,along with a thorough discussion of latest studies related to the health and environmental issues,has been discussed.Additionally,it addresses critical issues in applying powder nano-photocatalysts for wastewater detoxification and explores potential solutions to these challenges followed by future prospects.
