There is a major defect when using the traditional topic-opinion model for post opinion classifications in an online forum discussion.The accuracy of the classification based on the topic-opinion model highly depends ...There is a major defect when using the traditional topic-opinion model for post opinion classifications in an online forum discussion.The accuracy of the classification based on the topic-opinion model highly depends on the observable topic-opinion features aiming at the subject,while a large number of posts do not have such features in a forum.Therefore,for the most part,the accuracy is less than 78%.To solve this problem,we propose a new method to identify post opinions based on the Tree Conditional Random Fields(T-CRFs)model.First,we select the topic-opinion features of the posts and associated opinion features between posts to construct the T-CRFs model,and then we use the T-CRFs model to label the opinions of the tree-structured posts under the same topic iteratively to reach a maximum joint probability.To reduce the training cost,we design a simplified tree diagram module and some feature templates.Experimental results suggest the proposed method costs less training time and improves the accuracy by 11%.展开更多
Nigella sativa, belonging to the Ranunculacea family, is a versatile phytochemical mine bestowed with multi-dimensional medicinal effects. The current study was performed to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy, i...Nigella sativa, belonging to the Ranunculacea family, is a versatile phytochemical mine bestowed with multi-dimensional medicinal effects. The current study was performed to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy, if any, of the ethanolic extract of indigenous Nigella sativa seeds (ENS) and to evaluate its potentials on tumor progression during the initiation and post initiation phases of Dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in a rat model. ENS treatment during the initiation phase unveiled chemopreventive effect manifested by significant reductions in tumor incidence, multiplicity and tumor volumes. Histopathological findings and modified Duke’s classification of tumors provided evidence that ENS, administered in the initiation phase, is capable of delaying progression, restricting invasion and attenuating aggressiveness of colon tumors. These results imply that ENS may be a promising candidate in the primary prevention of colon cancer. On the contrary, we demonstrated that ENS lacked chemopreventive and tumorigenesis inhibitory effects in the post initiation phase. We speculate that the chemopreventive effect of ENS might be due to the synergistic actions of various constituents present in the extract. However, extensive studies are warranted and more efforts need to be dedicated to fractionate, analyze and to further appraise the anticancer effect of ENS before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.展开更多
Objective.To investigate the clinical effect of single-row fixation and non-conjunction compression in the treatment of post small and medium rotator cuff injuries under arthroscopy.Methods.Forty-five patients admitte...Objective.To investigate the clinical effect of single-row fixation and non-conjunction compression in the treatment of post small and medium rotator cuff injuries under arthroscopy.Methods.Forty-five patients admitted to our department from June 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled in the study.32 patients in the single-row fixed-group and 13 patients in the non-conjunctival group were randomly assigned.The VAS,ASES,and UCLA scores of the two groups were compared before surgery,one month,three months,and six months after surgery[1].Results.The VAS,ASES,and UCLA scores were significantly higher in those two groups other than the preoperative group.The scores of the two groups were gradually improved from one month,three months,and six months respectively after surgery.At one month,the scores of those two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups at three months and six months(P>0.05).Conclusion.Under arthroscopy,the single-row fixation technique and the non-conjunction compression method were used to treat post small and medium rotator cuff injuries.The effect is very significant.In particular,the no-knot sputum method has a significant improvement in restoring postoperative pain,joint activity and joint strength.展开更多
The pervasive idea of web-based media stages brought about a lot of sight and sound information in interpersonal organizations.The transparency and unlimited way of sharing the data via online media stage encourages d...The pervasive idea of web-based media stages brought about a lot of sight and sound information in interpersonal organizations.The transparency and unlimited way of sharing the data via online media stage encourages data spread across the organization paying little mind to its noteworthiness.The multiplication of misdirecting data in regular access news sources,for example,web-based media channels,news websites,and online papers has made it trying to recognize dependable news sources,in this way expanding the requirement for computational devices to give bits of knowledge into the unwavering quality of online substance.The broad spread of phony news contrarily affects people and society.Along these lines,counterfeit news identification via web-based media has as of late become arising research drawing in enormous consideration.Observing the possible damage caused by the rapid spread of fake news in various fields such as politics and finance,the use of language analysis to automatically identify fake news has attracted the attention of the research community.A social networking service is a platform for people with similar interests,activities,or backgrounds to form social networks or social relations.Participants who register on this site with its own expression(often a profile)and social links are generally offered a social network service.展开更多
Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) and the Unified Soil Classification System of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM D-2478), two kinds of soil laboratory en...Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) and the Unified Soil Classification System of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM D-2478), two kinds of soil laboratory engineering classification methods were discussed and analyzed from the aspects of the definition in particle fraction, classification of soil type and evaluation standard for soil gradation. There is a same limit of fine grains fraction in the two standards, and there are three main types of soil in GB/T 50145-2007 and two in ASTM D-2487. Different evaluation standards of gradation are put forward for gravels and sands in ASTM D-2487. Same criteria of A line, B line and controlling value of plastic index are in the plasticity chart of both standards.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Treatment strategy for recurrent hepatocellular carc...<strong>Background:</strong><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Treatment strategy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains scantily defined. This study was aimed to establish a treatment strategy to manage post-hepatectomy recurrent HCC and report the clinical outcomes. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">From January 2006 to December 2016, 556 consecutive patients who developed post-hepatectomy HCC recurrence were enrolled in the study. The patients were clinically stratified and treated according to a strategy established by a multi-disciplinary team. Clinical data and survival times were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">According to the strategy, there were 298 (53.6%), 214 (38.5%), 32 (5.7%) and 12 (2.2%) patients stratified into Early, Intermediate, Advanced and Terminal stages, respectively. In Early stage patients, 164 (55.0%) received curative treatment in the form of repeat resection or local ablation, 134 (45.0%) received transarterial chemoe</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mbolization (TACE), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 82.0%, 46.8% and 37.3%, respectively. In Intermediate stage patients, 207 (96.7%) received TACE, 7 (3.3%) radiotherapy, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 73.2%, 31.8% and 15.9%, respectively. In Advanced stage patients, 22 patients received sorafenib, 10 radiotherapy, and the mean survival time (MST) was 25.1 ± 3.1 months. All the 12 patients in Terminal stage rece</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ived the best supportive treatment, and the MST was 6.5 ± 3.4 months. Clinical stages and duration of disease-free interval were independent factors relating to overall survival. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A treatment strategy derived from the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system, with some modifications, has been successfully established to manage post-hepatectomy recurrent HCC, and the clinical outcomes were commendable.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
A myriad of medicinal effects has been attributed to Thymoquinone (TQ), the major biological-active component of Nigella sativa. TQ has been shown to exhibit potent anti-tumor activities. The present work was undertak...A myriad of medicinal effects has been attributed to Thymoquinone (TQ), the major biological-active component of Nigella sativa. TQ has been shown to exhibit potent anti-tumor activities. The present work was undertaken to further explore TQ’s chemopreventive efficacy against 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat model through a two-phase study (initiation and post-initiation) and to evaluate its potential impact on tumor progression and invasion in vivo. TQ treatment in the initiation phase significantly reduced tumor incidence, multiplicity and mean tumor volume. However, although mean tumor volume and multiplicity were decreased upon TQ treatment in the post-initiation phase, TQ did not reduce incidence significantly. Cellular proliferation, as assessed by expression of colonic PCNA, was shown to be inhibited in consequence to TQ treatment in both phases, with a more pronounced reduction in the initiation phase. In addition, our results demonstrated an appreciable negative impact of TQ on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in tumor-bearing rats. Furthermore, we provided evidence that TQ-treatment, in both phases, tended to considerably suppress tumor progression and invasion. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that TQ, at an orally daily dose of 10 mg/kg, has a chemopreventive effect in the initiation phase, and has the potential to attenuate tumor burden, suppress progression of pre-neoplastic lesions and to inhibit tumor growth in the post-initiation phase of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis, We surmise that such effects of TQ may be due to suppression of cellular proliferation and inhibition of VEGF production. The results could provide an effective chemopreventive approach in the primary prevention of colon cancer in humans in the next future, and illuminate a promising horizon to combat progression of benign colonic pre-neoplastic lesions into malignant metastatic tumors and to manage colon cancer.展开更多
Recently land-use change has been the main concern for worldwide environment change and is being used by city and regional planners to design sustainable cities. Nakuru in the central Rift Valley of Kenya has undergon...Recently land-use change has been the main concern for worldwide environment change and is being used by city and regional planners to design sustainable cities. Nakuru in the central Rift Valley of Kenya has undergone rapid urban growth in last decade. This paper focused on urban growth using multi-sensor satellite imageries and explored the potential benefits of combining data from optical sensors (Landsat, Worldview-2) with Radar sensor data from Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) data for urban land-use mapping. Landsat has sufficient spectral bands allowing for better delineation of urban green and impervious surface, Worldview-2 has a higher spatial resolution and facilitates urban growth mapping while PALSAR has higher temporal resolution compared to other operational sensors and has the capability of penetrating clouds irrespective of weather conditions and time of day, a condition prevalent in Nakuru, because it lies in a tropical area. Several classical and modern classifiers namely maximum likelihood (ML) and support vector machine (SVM) were applied for image classification and their performance assessed. The land-use data of the years 1986, 2000 and 2010 were compiled and analyzed using post classification comparison (PCC). The value of combining multi-temporal Landsat imagery and PALSAR was explored and achieved in this research. Our research illustrated that SVM algorithm yielded better results compared to ML. The integration of Landsat and ALOS PALSAR gave good results compared to when ALOS PAL- SAR was classified alone. 19.70 km2 of land changed to urban land-use from non-urban land-use between the years 2000 to 2010 indicating rapid urban growth has taken place. Land-use information is useful for the comprehensive land-use planning and an integrated management of resources to ensure sustainability of land and to achieve social Eq- uity, economic efficiency and environmental sustainability.展开更多
Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of SKD 61 steel.Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 12 h at 540℃in the nitrogen, hydrogen and ...Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of SKD 61 steel.Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 12 h at 540℃in the nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmosphere to produce theε-Fe-（2-3）（N,C） phase.The compound layer produced by plasma nitrocarburising was predominantly composed ofε-phase,with a small proportion ofγ′-Fe-4 （N,C） phase. The thickness of the compound layer and the diffusion layer are about 10μm and about 200μm,respectively. Plasma post oxidation was performed on the nitrocarburized samples with various oxygen/hydrogen ratio at constant temperature of 500℃for 1 h.The very thin magnetite （Fe-3O-4） layer of 1-2μm in thickness on top of the compound layer was obtained.Anodic polarization test revealed that plasma nitrocarburizing process contributed a significant improvement of corrosion resistance of SKD 61 steel.However,the corrosion characteristics of the nitrocarburized compound layer was deteriorated by oxidation treatment.展开更多
Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of AISI 4140 steel. Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 3 h at 570 ℃ in the nitrogen, hydrogen...Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of AISI 4140 steel. Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 3 h at 570 ℃ in the nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmosphere to produce the ε-Fe2-3(N,C) phase. It was found that the compound layer produced by plasma nitrocarburising was predominantly composed of ε-phase, with a small proportion of γ′-Fe4(N,C) phase. The thickness of the compound layer was about 10 μm and the diffusion layer was about 300 μm in thickness, respectively. Plasma post oxidation was performed on the nitrocarburized samples with various oxygen/hydrogen ratio at a constant temperature of 500 ℃ for 1 h. The very thin magnetite (Fe3O4) layer 1-2 μm in thickness on top of the compound layer was obtained by plasma post oxidation. It was confirmed that the corrosion characteristics of the nitrocarburized compound layer can be further improved by the application of the superficial magnetite layer.展开更多
Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of the long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)DRAIC on the proliferation,apoptosis,and radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells and the molecular mechanisms involv...Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of the long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)DRAIC on the proliferation,apoptosis,and radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells and the molecular mechanisms involved.Methods Cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues from 30 patients with HCC were collected,and the expression levels of DRAIC and miR-223-3p were detected via RT-q PCR.DRAIC interference and miR-223-3p overexpression vectors were transfected into HepG2 cells.In addition,DRAIC and miR-223-3p interference vectors were co-transfected into HepG2 cells.The constructed cells were irradiated at 4 Gy.Cell colony formation assay,MTT assay,and flow cytometry were performed to detect the radiosensitivity,proliferation inhibition rate,and apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells,respectively.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to detect the targeted regulation of DRAIC on miR-223-3p expression.Results The expression level of DRAIC in HCC tissues was higher than that in paracancer tissues,whereas the expression level of miR-223-3p was lower in HCC tissues than that in paracancer tissues(P<0.05).Inhibition of DRAIC expression or overexpression of miR-223-3p increased the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells(P<0.05).After irradiation,cell survival fraction decreased and cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis rates increased(P<0.05).DRAIC targeted the regulation of miR-223-3p expression,and interference of miR-223-3p expression reversed the effects of inhibiting DRAIC expression on the proliferation,apoptosis,and radiosensitivity of HepG2 cells.Conclusion Inhibition of DRAIC expression can inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells,promote cell apoptosis,and enhance the radiosensitivity of cells via upregulation of miR-223-3p.展开更多
Objective To assess the diagnostic value of the airway post-processing technique of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)in accessory cardiac bronchus(ACB)and to improve the understanding of this disease.Methods The original MS...Objective To assess the diagnostic value of the airway post-processing technique of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)in accessory cardiac bronchus(ACB)and to improve the understanding of this disease.Methods The original MSCT axial images and various post-processing reconstructed images of 9 ACB cases were retrospectively analyzed.Airway post-processing techniques,including multi-planar reformation(MPR),minimum intensity projection(MinIP),volume rendering technique(VRT),CT virtual endoscopy(CTVE)and tissue transition projection(TTP),were employed.Three-dimensional recombination images of bronchial trees were obtained and classified according to the Mangiulea classification.Results Among the 9 cases with ACB,there were 6 cases of accessory-lobed type,3 cases of long diverticular type,and no cases of short diverticular type.The lateral axial images,MPR,MinIP,VRT,CTVE,and TTP all clearly displayed ACB.Among the 6 cases of accessorylobed type,there were 5 cases with accessory lobe dysplasia and one case with pneumonia in an accessory lobe.One case was complicated with accessory lobe emphysema.Among the 3 cases with long diverticular type ACB,one had pneumonia.Among the 9 cases,there was 1 case with old tuberculous focus,1 case with pulmonary fibrous focus,1 case with pleural thickening and adhesion,and 1 case with tracheal diverticulum.Conclusion The airway post-processing technique of MSCT can not only clarify the diagnosis,origin and classification of ACB,but also measure the opening diameter,length and distance to the tracheal carina of ACB.It guides clinical treatment and tracheoscopy,etc,and can be used as the preferred examination method for ACB.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60873246China Information Technology Security Evaluation Centre
文摘There is a major defect when using the traditional topic-opinion model for post opinion classifications in an online forum discussion.The accuracy of the classification based on the topic-opinion model highly depends on the observable topic-opinion features aiming at the subject,while a large number of posts do not have such features in a forum.Therefore,for the most part,the accuracy is less than 78%.To solve this problem,we propose a new method to identify post opinions based on the Tree Conditional Random Fields(T-CRFs)model.First,we select the topic-opinion features of the posts and associated opinion features between posts to construct the T-CRFs model,and then we use the T-CRFs model to label the opinions of the tree-structured posts under the same topic iteratively to reach a maximum joint probability.To reduce the training cost,we design a simplified tree diagram module and some feature templates.Experimental results suggest the proposed method costs less training time and improves the accuracy by 11%.
文摘Nigella sativa, belonging to the Ranunculacea family, is a versatile phytochemical mine bestowed with multi-dimensional medicinal effects. The current study was performed to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy, if any, of the ethanolic extract of indigenous Nigella sativa seeds (ENS) and to evaluate its potentials on tumor progression during the initiation and post initiation phases of Dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in a rat model. ENS treatment during the initiation phase unveiled chemopreventive effect manifested by significant reductions in tumor incidence, multiplicity and tumor volumes. Histopathological findings and modified Duke’s classification of tumors provided evidence that ENS, administered in the initiation phase, is capable of delaying progression, restricting invasion and attenuating aggressiveness of colon tumors. These results imply that ENS may be a promising candidate in the primary prevention of colon cancer. On the contrary, we demonstrated that ENS lacked chemopreventive and tumorigenesis inhibitory effects in the post initiation phase. We speculate that the chemopreventive effect of ENS might be due to the synergistic actions of various constituents present in the extract. However, extensive studies are warranted and more efforts need to be dedicated to fractionate, analyze and to further appraise the anticancer effect of ENS before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.
文摘Objective.To investigate the clinical effect of single-row fixation and non-conjunction compression in the treatment of post small and medium rotator cuff injuries under arthroscopy.Methods.Forty-five patients admitted to our department from June 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled in the study.32 patients in the single-row fixed-group and 13 patients in the non-conjunctival group were randomly assigned.The VAS,ASES,and UCLA scores of the two groups were compared before surgery,one month,three months,and six months after surgery[1].Results.The VAS,ASES,and UCLA scores were significantly higher in those two groups other than the preoperative group.The scores of the two groups were gradually improved from one month,three months,and six months respectively after surgery.At one month,the scores of those two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups at three months and six months(P>0.05).Conclusion.Under arthroscopy,the single-row fixation technique and the non-conjunction compression method were used to treat post small and medium rotator cuff injuries.The effect is very significant.In particular,the no-knot sputum method has a significant improvement in restoring postoperative pain,joint activity and joint strength.
文摘The pervasive idea of web-based media stages brought about a lot of sight and sound information in interpersonal organizations.The transparency and unlimited way of sharing the data via online media stage encourages data spread across the organization paying little mind to its noteworthiness.The multiplication of misdirecting data in regular access news sources,for example,web-based media channels,news websites,and online papers has made it trying to recognize dependable news sources,in this way expanding the requirement for computational devices to give bits of knowledge into the unwavering quality of online substance.The broad spread of phony news contrarily affects people and society.Along these lines,counterfeit news identification via web-based media has as of late become arising research drawing in enormous consideration.Observing the possible damage caused by the rapid spread of fake news in various fields such as politics and finance,the use of language analysis to automatically identify fake news has attracted the attention of the research community.A social networking service is a platform for people with similar interests,activities,or backgrounds to form social networks or social relations.Participants who register on this site with its own expression(often a profile)and social links are generally offered a social network service.
基金Supported by Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China ( Nos. 40902077,41111120084,41172236)
文摘Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) and the Unified Soil Classification System of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM D-2478), two kinds of soil laboratory engineering classification methods were discussed and analyzed from the aspects of the definition in particle fraction, classification of soil type and evaluation standard for soil gradation. There is a same limit of fine grains fraction in the two standards, and there are three main types of soil in GB/T 50145-2007 and two in ASTM D-2487. Different evaluation standards of gradation are put forward for gravels and sands in ASTM D-2487. Same criteria of A line, B line and controlling value of plastic index are in the plasticity chart of both standards.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Treatment strategy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains scantily defined. This study was aimed to establish a treatment strategy to manage post-hepatectomy recurrent HCC and report the clinical outcomes. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">From January 2006 to December 2016, 556 consecutive patients who developed post-hepatectomy HCC recurrence were enrolled in the study. The patients were clinically stratified and treated according to a strategy established by a multi-disciplinary team. Clinical data and survival times were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">According to the strategy, there were 298 (53.6%), 214 (38.5%), 32 (5.7%) and 12 (2.2%) patients stratified into Early, Intermediate, Advanced and Terminal stages, respectively. In Early stage patients, 164 (55.0%) received curative treatment in the form of repeat resection or local ablation, 134 (45.0%) received transarterial chemoe</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mbolization (TACE), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 82.0%, 46.8% and 37.3%, respectively. In Intermediate stage patients, 207 (96.7%) received TACE, 7 (3.3%) radiotherapy, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 73.2%, 31.8% and 15.9%, respectively. In Advanced stage patients, 22 patients received sorafenib, 10 radiotherapy, and the mean survival time (MST) was 25.1 ± 3.1 months. All the 12 patients in Terminal stage rece</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ived the best supportive treatment, and the MST was 6.5 ± 3.4 months. Clinical stages and duration of disease-free interval were independent factors relating to overall survival. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A treatment strategy derived from the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system, with some modifications, has been successfully established to manage post-hepatectomy recurrent HCC, and the clinical outcomes were commendable.</span></span></span></span>
文摘A myriad of medicinal effects has been attributed to Thymoquinone (TQ), the major biological-active component of Nigella sativa. TQ has been shown to exhibit potent anti-tumor activities. The present work was undertaken to further explore TQ’s chemopreventive efficacy against 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat model through a two-phase study (initiation and post-initiation) and to evaluate its potential impact on tumor progression and invasion in vivo. TQ treatment in the initiation phase significantly reduced tumor incidence, multiplicity and mean tumor volume. However, although mean tumor volume and multiplicity were decreased upon TQ treatment in the post-initiation phase, TQ did not reduce incidence significantly. Cellular proliferation, as assessed by expression of colonic PCNA, was shown to be inhibited in consequence to TQ treatment in both phases, with a more pronounced reduction in the initiation phase. In addition, our results demonstrated an appreciable negative impact of TQ on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in tumor-bearing rats. Furthermore, we provided evidence that TQ-treatment, in both phases, tended to considerably suppress tumor progression and invasion. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that TQ, at an orally daily dose of 10 mg/kg, has a chemopreventive effect in the initiation phase, and has the potential to attenuate tumor burden, suppress progression of pre-neoplastic lesions and to inhibit tumor growth in the post-initiation phase of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis, We surmise that such effects of TQ may be due to suppression of cellular proliferation and inhibition of VEGF production. The results could provide an effective chemopreventive approach in the primary prevention of colon cancer in humans in the next future, and illuminate a promising horizon to combat progression of benign colonic pre-neoplastic lesions into malignant metastatic tumors and to manage colon cancer.
文摘Recently land-use change has been the main concern for worldwide environment change and is being used by city and regional planners to design sustainable cities. Nakuru in the central Rift Valley of Kenya has undergone rapid urban growth in last decade. This paper focused on urban growth using multi-sensor satellite imageries and explored the potential benefits of combining data from optical sensors (Landsat, Worldview-2) with Radar sensor data from Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) data for urban land-use mapping. Landsat has sufficient spectral bands allowing for better delineation of urban green and impervious surface, Worldview-2 has a higher spatial resolution and facilitates urban growth mapping while PALSAR has higher temporal resolution compared to other operational sensors and has the capability of penetrating clouds irrespective of weather conditions and time of day, a condition prevalent in Nakuru, because it lies in a tropical area. Several classical and modern classifiers namely maximum likelihood (ML) and support vector machine (SVM) were applied for image classification and their performance assessed. The land-use data of the years 1986, 2000 and 2010 were compiled and analyzed using post classification comparison (PCC). The value of combining multi-temporal Landsat imagery and PALSAR was explored and achieved in this research. Our research illustrated that SVM algorithm yielded better results compared to ML. The integration of Landsat and ALOS PALSAR gave good results compared to when ALOS PAL- SAR was classified alone. 19.70 km2 of land changed to urban land-use from non-urban land-use between the years 2000 to 2010 indicating rapid urban growth has taken place. Land-use information is useful for the comprehensive land-use planning and an integrated management of resources to ensure sustainability of land and to achieve social Eq- uity, economic efficiency and environmental sustainability.
文摘Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of SKD 61 steel.Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 12 h at 540℃in the nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmosphere to produce theε-Fe-（2-3）（N,C） phase.The compound layer produced by plasma nitrocarburising was predominantly composed ofε-phase,with a small proportion ofγ′-Fe-4 （N,C） phase. The thickness of the compound layer and the diffusion layer are about 10μm and about 200μm,respectively. Plasma post oxidation was performed on the nitrocarburized samples with various oxygen/hydrogen ratio at constant temperature of 500℃for 1 h.The very thin magnetite （Fe-3O-4） layer of 1-2μm in thickness on top of the compound layer was obtained.Anodic polarization test revealed that plasma nitrocarburizing process contributed a significant improvement of corrosion resistance of SKD 61 steel.However,the corrosion characteristics of the nitrocarburized compound layer was deteriorated by oxidation treatment.
文摘Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of AISI 4140 steel. Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 3 h at 570 ℃ in the nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmosphere to produce the ε-Fe2-3(N,C) phase. It was found that the compound layer produced by plasma nitrocarburising was predominantly composed of ε-phase, with a small proportion of γ′-Fe4(N,C) phase. The thickness of the compound layer was about 10 μm and the diffusion layer was about 300 μm in thickness, respectively. Plasma post oxidation was performed on the nitrocarburized samples with various oxygen/hydrogen ratio at a constant temperature of 500 ℃ for 1 h. The very thin magnetite (Fe3O4) layer 1-2 μm in thickness on top of the compound layer was obtained by plasma post oxidation. It was confirmed that the corrosion characteristics of the nitrocarburized compound layer can be further improved by the application of the superficial magnetite layer.
文摘Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of the long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)DRAIC on the proliferation,apoptosis,and radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells and the molecular mechanisms involved.Methods Cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues from 30 patients with HCC were collected,and the expression levels of DRAIC and miR-223-3p were detected via RT-q PCR.DRAIC interference and miR-223-3p overexpression vectors were transfected into HepG2 cells.In addition,DRAIC and miR-223-3p interference vectors were co-transfected into HepG2 cells.The constructed cells were irradiated at 4 Gy.Cell colony formation assay,MTT assay,and flow cytometry were performed to detect the radiosensitivity,proliferation inhibition rate,and apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells,respectively.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to detect the targeted regulation of DRAIC on miR-223-3p expression.Results The expression level of DRAIC in HCC tissues was higher than that in paracancer tissues,whereas the expression level of miR-223-3p was lower in HCC tissues than that in paracancer tissues(P<0.05).Inhibition of DRAIC expression or overexpression of miR-223-3p increased the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells(P<0.05).After irradiation,cell survival fraction decreased and cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis rates increased(P<0.05).DRAIC targeted the regulation of miR-223-3p expression,and interference of miR-223-3p expression reversed the effects of inhibiting DRAIC expression on the proliferation,apoptosis,and radiosensitivity of HepG2 cells.Conclusion Inhibition of DRAIC expression can inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells,promote cell apoptosis,and enhance the radiosensitivity of cells via upregulation of miR-223-3p.
文摘Objective To assess the diagnostic value of the airway post-processing technique of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)in accessory cardiac bronchus(ACB)and to improve the understanding of this disease.Methods The original MSCT axial images and various post-processing reconstructed images of 9 ACB cases were retrospectively analyzed.Airway post-processing techniques,including multi-planar reformation(MPR),minimum intensity projection(MinIP),volume rendering technique(VRT),CT virtual endoscopy(CTVE)and tissue transition projection(TTP),were employed.Three-dimensional recombination images of bronchial trees were obtained and classified according to the Mangiulea classification.Results Among the 9 cases with ACB,there were 6 cases of accessory-lobed type,3 cases of long diverticular type,and no cases of short diverticular type.The lateral axial images,MPR,MinIP,VRT,CTVE,and TTP all clearly displayed ACB.Among the 6 cases of accessorylobed type,there were 5 cases with accessory lobe dysplasia and one case with pneumonia in an accessory lobe.One case was complicated with accessory lobe emphysema.Among the 3 cases with long diverticular type ACB,one had pneumonia.Among the 9 cases,there was 1 case with old tuberculous focus,1 case with pulmonary fibrous focus,1 case with pleural thickening and adhesion,and 1 case with tracheal diverticulum.Conclusion The airway post-processing technique of MSCT can not only clarify the diagnosis,origin and classification of ACB,but also measure the opening diameter,length and distance to the tracheal carina of ACB.It guides clinical treatment and tracheoscopy,etc,and can be used as the preferred examination method for ACB.
