Roasting constitutes a critical stage in sesame oil production,where the thermal degradation of pectic polysaccharide initiates fundamental chemical transformations including caramelization,Maillard processes,lipid ox...Roasting constitutes a critical stage in sesame oil production,where the thermal degradation of pectic polysaccharide initiates fundamental chemical transformations including caramelization,Maillard processes,lipid oxidation and Strecker degradation.This study systematically examines the structural,chemical and oil antioxidant capacity of sesame hull-derived pectic polysaccharides(URA and URB)under 160–220℃,and their impacts on sesame oil oxidative stability.The results demonstrate temperature-dependent molecular restructuring of URA and URB with molecular weights increasing proportionally and reduced total yields by 42.73%until 220℃.Furfural and organic acids were identified as primary pyrolysis products,accompanied by volatile aromatic compounds including furans,benzenes,and phenols.Sesame oil with the mixture of URA and URB(HSO-URA/B)exhibited optimal thermal antioxidant performance,demonstrating improved sesame oil oxidative stability as evidenced by peroxide value(0.07–0.81 g/100 g)and oxidative stability index(22.6 h).This work provides a scientific foundation for optimizing sesame oil quality while transforming hull byproducts into valueadded food ingredients.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauwolfia verticillata(Lour.) Baill.var.hainanensis Tsiang on an experimental murine colitis model.Methods:Experimental colitis was induced...Objective:To investigate the effects of pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauwolfia verticillata(Lour.) Baill.var.hainanensis Tsiang on an experimental murine colitis model.Methods:Experimental colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS),and mice were divided into 4 groups:control.DSS alone.DSS plus SASP,DSS plus pectic polysaccharides.The disease activity index(DAI) and histological score were observed.The tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and interleukin(IL)-17 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.I κ B and NF-κB p65 expression were assessed by western blot analysis.Myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity was determined by using MPO assay kit.Re.sults:Administration of pectic polysaccharides significantly reduced the severity of DSS-induced colitis as assessed by DAT and histological score,and resulted in down regulation of MPO activity and NF-κB p65 expression and subsequent degradation of IκB protein,strikingly reduced the production of TNF-α and IL-17.Conclusions:Pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauvolfia verticillata(Lour.)Baill.var.hainanensis Tsiang exerts beneficial effects in experimental colitis and may therefore provide a useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of UC.展开更多
AIM: To investigate H+, K+-ATPase inhibition, anti-H pylori , antioxidant, and the in vivo antiulcer potential of a pectic polysaccharide from Swallow root (Decalepis hamiltonii; SRPP). METHODS: SRPP, with known sugar...AIM: To investigate H+, K+-ATPase inhibition, anti-H pylori , antioxidant, and the in vivo antiulcer potential of a pectic polysaccharide from Swallow root (Decalepis hamiltonii; SRPP). METHODS: SRPP, with known sugar composition [rhamnose: arabinose: xylose: galactose in the ratio of 16:50:2:32 (w/w), with 141 mg/g of uronic acid] was examined for anti-ulcer potency in vivo against swim/ ethanol stress-induction in animal models. Ulcer index, antioxidant/antioxidant enzymes, H+, K+-ATPase and gastric mucin levels were determined to assess the anti- ulcer potency. Anti-H pylori activity was also determined by viable colony count and electron microscopic studies. RESULTS: SRPP, containing phenolics at 0.12 g GAE/g, prevented stress-induced gastric ulcers in animal models by 80%-85%. Down regulation of gastric mucin 2-3 fold, antioxidant/antioxidant enzymes and upregulation of 3 fold of H+, K+-ATPase in ulcerous animals were normalized upon treatment with SRPP. Histopathological analysis revealed protection to the disrupted gastric mucosal layer and epithelial glands. SRPP also inhibited H+, K+-ATPase in vitro, at an IC50 of 77 μg/mL as opposed to that of 19.3 μg/mL of Lansoprazole and H pylori growth at Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 150 μg/mL. In addition, free radical scavenging (IC50-40 μg/mL) and reducing power (3200 U/g) activities were also observed. CONCLUSION: SRPP, with defined sugar composition and phenolics, exhibited multi-potent free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-H pylori, inhibition of H+, K+-ATPase and gastric mucosal protective activities. In addition, SRPP is non-toxic as opposed to other known anti-ulcer drugs, and therefore may be employed as a potential alternative for ulcer management.展开更多
The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodeara glycines, is a serious pathogen of soybean, and reported to be the host of a wide range of Fabaceae. In the present study, the host specificity and reproductivity of two populati...The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodeara glycines, is a serious pathogen of soybean, and reported to be the host of a wide range of Fabaceae. In the present study, the host specificity and reproductivity of two populations of H. glycines collected from soybean and tobacco were identified and characterized. The comparative identity between β-1,4-endoglucanase, pectate lyase and chorismate mutase of H. glycines parasitizing on soybean and tobacco were 99, 97 and 98%, respectively. The qR T-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of pectate lyase 2 gene was significantly higher in second-stage juveniles of H. glycines Henan population parasitizing on tobacco than that of H. glycines Shanxi population parasitizing on soybean. In addition, the pectic acid content of cell wall was significantly higher(45%) in the roots of tobacco than the roots of soybean. Our results indicate that the changes in transcript parasitism genes may be a result of long-term evolution illustrating how a plant-parasitic nematode adapts to the host environment for optimal infestation and survival.展开更多
Waterleaf (Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd has long been eaten in Indonesia as vegetable and the main parts consumed are leaves and young shoots. Waterleaf is sticky presumably due to its pectin content which is ass...Waterleaf (Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd has long been eaten in Indonesia as vegetable and the main parts consumed are leaves and young shoots. Waterleaf is sticky presumably due to its pectin content which is associated to dietary fiber. The dietary fiber which was analyzed in the present study was influenced by cultivation practices. The aim of this research was to study the effect of organic and conventional fertilization as well as the seasonal changes to the level of TDF (total dietary fiber), IDF (insoluble dietary fiber), SDF (soluble dietary fiber), and pectic substances in waterleaf. This research was conducted in four phases: sample cultivation, sample preparation, chemical analysis, and data analysis. This research used five samples cultivated with 5 different compositions of organic fertilizers and vice versa for conventional fertilizers. The cultivation was done in the experimental field of University Farm, Bogor, Indonesia during rainy season and dry season. Samples were harvested 8 weeks after planted, dried using drying oven for 17 hours at 60°C, ground and filtered to 40 mesh;and kept at -10°C until analysis. The overall result showed that the conventional samples contain higher dietary fiber than the organically fertilized samples, except the pectic substances of plant in dry season. Although its IDF content is higher than the SDF, the SDF content of waterleaf is relatively high compared to other vegetables, especially in dry season.展开更多
Quinoa microgreen,as a nutrient-dense and health-promoting vegetable,contains abundant rhamnogalacturonan-I enriched pectic polysaccharides.However,their protective effects against ulcerative co-litis(UC)and the influ...Quinoa microgreen,as a nutrient-dense and health-promoting vegetable,contains abundant rhamnogalacturonan-I enriched pectic polysaccharides.However,their protective effects against ulcerative co-litis(UC)and the influence of structural features like degree of esterification(DE)are poorly understood.Consequently,to overcome this gap in understanding,we systematically assessed the anti-UC activity of quinoa microgreen pectic polysaccharides(QMP)exhibiting distinct DE levels:QMP-HDE(28.49%),QMP-MDE(16.8%),and QMP-LDE(4.4%).Results demonstrated that all these pectic polysaccharides significantly mitigated dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC through upregulating tight junction proteins,suppressing intestinal proinflammatory cytokines,promoting short-chain fatty acid production,and resorting gut microbiota homeosta-sis.Notably,low-DE QMP-LDE demonstrated superior efficacy to high-DE QMP-HDE in restoring intestinal barrier integrity(enhanced upregulation of tight junction proteins and reduced serum lipopolysaccharide)and in elevating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10.Although all pectic polysaccharides suppressed pathogenic genera(Escherichia-Shigella,Klebsiella,and Helicobacter),they differentially modulated beneficial bacteria(Lactobacillus and Muribaculaceae).QMP-HDE selectively enhanced Lactobacillus abundance,whereas QMP-LDE specifically enriched Muribaculaceae.These differential effects among QMP-HDE and QMP-LDE are closely linked to their DE levels.Collectively,our findings shed light on the structure-anti-UC activity relationship of QMP pectic polysaccharides,supporting their potential application as functional foods to prevent intestinal in-flammatory disorders.展开更多
Background and objectives:High-pressure processing(HPP)is a promising assistive method to extract pectic polysaccharides with high rhamnogalacturonan I(RG-I)domain and berries are sources of such pectic polysaccharide...Background and objectives:High-pressure processing(HPP)is a promising assistive method to extract pectic polysaccharides with high rhamnogalacturonan I(RG-I)domain and berries are sources of such pectic polysaccharides.This study extracts pectic polysaccharides from goji berry,raspberry,and cranberry,examines how HPP influences the pectic polysaccharide structure of three berries,and provides a basis for the extraction and modification of pectic polysaccharides with specific structure and bioactivity.Materials and methods:An orthogonal test was performed to optimize the HPP-assisted alkali method to extract the high yield and high RG-I content pectic polysaccharides from three berries.Structural information of pectic polysaccharides extracted by the HPP method and conventional methods were compared from the perspectives of monosaccharide composition,molecular weight,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,andnuclearmagneticresonancespectroscopy.Results:For raspberry,the optimal conditions consisted of a pressure of 50o MPa,a pH of 13,and a pressure-holding time of 12 min,while the optimal conditions for goji berry and cranberry were both 40o MPa,pH 13,and 15 min.Under the optimal conditions,the yields for goji berry,raspberry,and cranberry were 10.49%,16.63%,and 17.52%,respectively,and RG-l contents were 81.85%,83.30%,and 63.22%,respectively.HPP showed an effect to degrade homogalacturonan backbones and side chains and increase the RG-I content to some extent.Conclusion:HPP-assisted alkali method was revealed to be an efficient method to extract high RG-I content pectic polysaccharides,especially for cranberry,and was a potential method to modify pectic polysaccharide structure in a certain way.展开更多
As a kind of green additive,pectic oligosaccharide(POS) may regulate some physiological functions of animals,such as gut health,antioxidant capacity,immunity and lipid metabolism.This study aimed to identify whether P...As a kind of green additive,pectic oligosaccharide(POS) may regulate some physiological functions of animals,such as gut health,antioxidant capacity,immunity and lipid metabolism.This study aimed to identify whether POS administration can improve maternal reproduction,and to determine the possible metabolism.A total of 48 pregnant Wistar rats randomly allotted into 2 groups,and each group was fed a diet supplemented with 0 or 800 mg/kg of POS.Pectic oligosaccharide administration increased rat born number(P <0.05),did not affect rat embryo number on d 7 of gestation,but increased rat fetus number on d 14 of gestation(P <0.05).On d 14 of gestation,POS treatment improved Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium populations and volatile fatty acid concentrations of cecal digesta(P <0.05),hormone(progesterone and nitric oxide) and cytokine(interleukin 2) concentrations of serum(P <0.05),and antioxidant capacity of serum(increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde) and placenta(increased total superoxide dismutase,decreased malondialdehyde)(P <0.05) in pregnant rats.These results suggest that POS administration improved rat reproduction via decreasing fetus loss in middle gestation.This was due to the increased volatile fatty acid concentrations in rat gut improving hormone and inflammatory-cytokine productions,and antioxidant capacity.展开更多
The aim of this study was to continuously hydrolyze mango peel pectin,an agricultural waste,into pectic oligosaccharides(POS)with antibacterial activity.A packed-bed reactor(PBR)with immobilized polygalacturonase was ...The aim of this study was to continuously hydrolyze mango peel pectin,an agricultural waste,into pectic oligosaccharides(POS)with antibacterial activity.A packed-bed reactor(PBR)with immobilized polygalacturonase was designed,and the effects of the process conditions(flow rate,substrate concentration,and enzyme amount)were evaluated.The optimal conditions were obtained using response surface analysis,and a stable POS production with a yield of 94.56%was achieved.The PBR retained 82%of its initial activity after continuous operation for 72 h.The POS products exhibited good antibacterial activity against E.coli,S.aureus,B.subtilis,and S.typhimurium.The destructive effects of POS on the membrane system integrity were observed via scanning electron microscopy and the leakage of intracellular nucleic acids.Thus,the PBR is a powerful tool for continuous POS production,and hence,it can be applied as an alternative to chemical preservatives in the food industry.展开更多
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of pectic oligosaccharide(POS)on the physicochemical properties of Lactobacillus bulgaricus(L.bulgaricus)loaded-synbiotic hydrogel ...The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of pectic oligosaccharide(POS)on the physicochemical properties of Lactobacillus bulgaricus(L.bulgaricus)loaded-synbiotic hydrogel beads and the survival of L.bulgaricus.Low methoxyl(LM)pectin-resistant starch(RS)hydrogel beads,named RS beads,were coated/filled with different concentrations of POS:0.8%(RS-POS0.8 beads),1.0%(RS-POS1.0 beads),and 1.2%(RS-POS1.2 beads).POS treatment resulted in smooth beads with less surface dent by hydrogen bonding between RS beads and POS,which was confirmed by SEM and XRD analyses.The encapsulation efficiency of RS beads and RS-POS beads ranged from 90.40%to 92.03%.In simulated gastric fluid(SGF)and bile salt solution,free L.bulgaricus completely died but L.bulgaricus encapsulated in RS-POS1.2 beads only slightly decreased.This indicates that RS-POS1.2 beads exhibited higher protective effects on L.bulgaricus under SGF condition and bile salts.Furthermore,considering the relatively higher storage stability of L.bulgaricus loaded in RS-POS1.2 beads,the present results suggest that RS beads coated/filled with POS could be used for synbiotic encapsulation,protection,and delivery of probiotics.展开更多
In the last years, sugar beet pectins have been the subject of several investigations involving extraction methodologies, chemical composition and functional properties. The structure of pectins, which depends on the ...In the last years, sugar beet pectins have been the subject of several investigations involving extraction methodologies, chemical composition and functional properties. The structure of pectins, which depends on the extraction method, is decisive in their capacity to induce apoptosis on several cancer cell lines like colon, prostate and breast. In this work, sugar beet pectin extraction was performed in the following steps： lipid extraction with hexane, removal of soluble complex carbohydrates and proteins, and enzymatic treatment with amyloglucosidase, protease, and pectinase. The enzymatic treatment was carried out with Rohapect DA6L under the following conditions： 50℃, pH 4.0, 2% enzyme/substrate （E/S） ratio, 15 h, and a solid to liquid ratio of 1 ： 10. The pectic extract showed a degree of polymerization （DP） profile of 55.8% with DP≥7; 4.9% with DP6; 5.8% between DP2 and DP6 ; 4.7% with DP2; and 28.8% with DP1. The pectic extract was examined for its antiproliferative activity on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. At a concentration range of 12.5-25 mg/mL the pectic extract killed 80.6% of the cells, exhibiting a higher antiproliferative activity than 4-hydroxytamoxifen （4- OHT）, a classical anticancer drug, which killed 56.5% of the cells.展开更多
In this study,the improvement effects of oral administration of polysaccharides isolated from Saururus chinensis on a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model were evaluated.To achieve this,S.chinensis-derived crude...In this study,the improvement effects of oral administration of polysaccharides isolated from Saururus chinensis on a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model were evaluated.To achieve this,S.chinensis-derived crude polysaccharides(SCP)were extracted using hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation.SCP is composed primarily of eight monosaccharides,including galacturonic acid(46.6%),galactose(10.4%),arabinose(5.6%),and rhamnose(3.8%),that are typical sugar components of pectic polysaccharides.Oral administration of SCP recovered body weight loss and significantly alleviated various ulcerative colitis symptoms such as stool consistency,blood in stool,and blood in the anus.Additionally,the DSS-treated group that exhibited a decrease in colon length,and SCP treatment significantly reduced colon length shortening in a dose-dependent manner.Levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and myeloperoxidase were lower in the SCP-treated groups than they were in the DSS-treated group.In contrast,Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff staining revealed that SCP treatment effectively maintained the amount of mucus and goblet cells in the intestinal lumen compared to that in the DSS-treated group.The short-chain fatty acid content decreased by DSS administration was recovered through oral administration of SCP,and the amount of butyric acid was significantly improved.Consequently,the aforementioned results suggest that SCP isolated from S.chinensis is a potent candidate for use as a new health functional food and pharmaceutical ingredient for colitis treatment.展开更多
Prebiotics are essential for improving the growth and survival of probiotics in products,which leads to main-taining the balance of the gut microbiome for overall health.Therefore,the aim of this study was to develop ...Prebiotics are essential for improving the growth and survival of probiotics in products,which leads to main-taining the balance of the gut microbiome for overall health.Therefore,the aim of this study was to develop a novel source of prebiotic from an Australian native fruit Terminalia ferdinandiana(Kakadu plum[KP])and its pectic oligosaccharide(POS)extract by studying their prebiotic effect on growth,survival and milk acidification of six probiotic bacteria.Lactococcus lactis 537,Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356,Lactobacillus plantarum 299v,Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG,Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 were cultured in skim milk containing 1%and 3%of KP,or 1%of POS derived from KP pectin or apple pectin.Based on the results,the stimulation effect of KP and KP POS on bacteria growth and acidification of milk was found to be species-dependent.A higher prebiotic potential was shown by 1%KP for most strains,while 3%KP significantly enhanced the antimicrobial activity of nisin-producing Lc.lactis 537 supernatant against Staphylococcus aureus.KP POS was more effective than KP in assisting probiotic survival during storage over 14 days at 4◦C and maintaining the pH value of milk of 6 or above during fermentation.Analysis of the monosaccharides and uronic acids of POS from KP revealed mostly glucose,fructose,galactose,arabinose and galacturonic acid.The KP and its POS could be classified as novel prebiotics which support improved growth,survival and antimicrobial ac-tivity of specific probiotic bacteria,and areas for future research are recommended.展开更多
In this study,we utilized pressurized carbon dioxide(pCO_(2))for pectin extraction from citrus residues because of its potential to produce acid without chemicals,that is non-toxic,green technology for humans and the ...In this study,we utilized pressurized carbon dioxide(pCO_(2))for pectin extraction from citrus residues because of its potential to produce acid without chemicals,that is non-toxic,green technology for humans and the environment.The pCO_(2)was performed at 2.5 MPa and 90℃for 90 min,while the conventional method(CM)for pectin extraction using HCl was performed under atmospheric pressure at 90℃for 90 min.Pectin extraction yields with pCO_(2)depended on the type of citrus fruit and were lower than those obtained with the CM.However,pCO_(2)-extracted pectin(pCO_(2)-pectin)provided a higher degree of esterification(DE),neutral sugar side-chain substitution on the pectate backbone,and greater molecular size than those of pectin extracted using the conventional method(CM-pectin).Pectin oligosaccharide(POS)was prepared from CM-pectin and pCO_(2)-pectin using viscozyme L hydrolysis under optimum conditions.These POSs were then designated as CM-POS and pCO_(2)-POS,respectively.Both pCO_(2)-POS and CM-POS stimulated the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species,and induced them to produce short-chain fatty acids,and slightly suppressed immunoglobulin E production in U266 cells.Furthermore,pCO_(2)-POS had higher angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity compared to CM-POS.This study suggests that pCO_(2)is a novel method for extracting pectin with unique molecular properties affecting POS functionality in vitro.展开更多
基金supported by the Agriculture Research System of China of MOF and MARA[grant number CARS-14-1-29]“Double First-Class”Project for Undergraduate-Cultivating Quality Enhancement Key Programme in Food Science and Engineering at Henan University of Technology[grant number HN-HautFood IAEM-025].
文摘Roasting constitutes a critical stage in sesame oil production,where the thermal degradation of pectic polysaccharide initiates fundamental chemical transformations including caramelization,Maillard processes,lipid oxidation and Strecker degradation.This study systematically examines the structural,chemical and oil antioxidant capacity of sesame hull-derived pectic polysaccharides(URA and URB)under 160–220℃,and their impacts on sesame oil oxidative stability.The results demonstrate temperature-dependent molecular restructuring of URA and URB with molecular weights increasing proportionally and reduced total yields by 42.73%until 220℃.Furfural and organic acids were identified as primary pyrolysis products,accompanied by volatile aromatic compounds including furans,benzenes,and phenols.Sesame oil with the mixture of URA and URB(HSO-URA/B)exhibited optimal thermal antioxidant performance,demonstrating improved sesame oil oxidative stability as evidenced by peroxide value(0.07–0.81 g/100 g)and oxidative stability index(22.6 h).This work provides a scientific foundation for optimizing sesame oil quality while transforming hull byproducts into valueadded food ingredients.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81360603)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(Grant No.813215)
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauwolfia verticillata(Lour.) Baill.var.hainanensis Tsiang on an experimental murine colitis model.Methods:Experimental colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS),and mice were divided into 4 groups:control.DSS alone.DSS plus SASP,DSS plus pectic polysaccharides.The disease activity index(DAI) and histological score were observed.The tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and interleukin(IL)-17 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.I κ B and NF-κB p65 expression were assessed by western blot analysis.Myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity was determined by using MPO assay kit.Re.sults:Administration of pectic polysaccharides significantly reduced the severity of DSS-induced colitis as assessed by DAT and histological score,and resulted in down regulation of MPO activity and NF-κB p65 expression and subsequent degradation of IκB protein,strikingly reduced the production of TNF-α and IL-17.Conclusions:Pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauvolfia verticillata(Lour.)Baill.var.hainanensis Tsiang exerts beneficial effects in experimental colitis and may therefore provide a useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of UC.
文摘AIM: To investigate H+, K+-ATPase inhibition, anti-H pylori , antioxidant, and the in vivo antiulcer potential of a pectic polysaccharide from Swallow root (Decalepis hamiltonii; SRPP). METHODS: SRPP, with known sugar composition [rhamnose: arabinose: xylose: galactose in the ratio of 16:50:2:32 (w/w), with 141 mg/g of uronic acid] was examined for anti-ulcer potency in vivo against swim/ ethanol stress-induction in animal models. Ulcer index, antioxidant/antioxidant enzymes, H+, K+-ATPase and gastric mucin levels were determined to assess the anti- ulcer potency. Anti-H pylori activity was also determined by viable colony count and electron microscopic studies. RESULTS: SRPP, containing phenolics at 0.12 g GAE/g, prevented stress-induced gastric ulcers in animal models by 80%-85%. Down regulation of gastric mucin 2-3 fold, antioxidant/antioxidant enzymes and upregulation of 3 fold of H+, K+-ATPase in ulcerous animals were normalized upon treatment with SRPP. Histopathological analysis revealed protection to the disrupted gastric mucosal layer and epithelial glands. SRPP also inhibited H+, K+-ATPase in vitro, at an IC50 of 77 μg/mL as opposed to that of 19.3 μg/mL of Lansoprazole and H pylori growth at Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 150 μg/mL. In addition, free radical scavenging (IC50-40 μg/mL) and reducing power (3200 U/g) activities were also observed. CONCLUSION: SRPP, with defined sugar composition and phenolics, exhibited multi-potent free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-H pylori, inhibition of H+, K+-ATPase and gastric mucosal protective activities. In addition, SRPP is non-toxic as opposed to other known anti-ulcer drugs, and therefore may be employed as a potential alternative for ulcer management.
基金supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest in China (201503114)
文摘The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodeara glycines, is a serious pathogen of soybean, and reported to be the host of a wide range of Fabaceae. In the present study, the host specificity and reproductivity of two populations of H. glycines collected from soybean and tobacco were identified and characterized. The comparative identity between β-1,4-endoglucanase, pectate lyase and chorismate mutase of H. glycines parasitizing on soybean and tobacco were 99, 97 and 98%, respectively. The qR T-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of pectate lyase 2 gene was significantly higher in second-stage juveniles of H. glycines Henan population parasitizing on tobacco than that of H. glycines Shanxi population parasitizing on soybean. In addition, the pectic acid content of cell wall was significantly higher(45%) in the roots of tobacco than the roots of soybean. Our results indicate that the changes in transcript parasitism genes may be a result of long-term evolution illustrating how a plant-parasitic nematode adapts to the host environment for optimal infestation and survival.
文摘Waterleaf (Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd has long been eaten in Indonesia as vegetable and the main parts consumed are leaves and young shoots. Waterleaf is sticky presumably due to its pectin content which is associated to dietary fiber. The dietary fiber which was analyzed in the present study was influenced by cultivation practices. The aim of this research was to study the effect of organic and conventional fertilization as well as the seasonal changes to the level of TDF (total dietary fiber), IDF (insoluble dietary fiber), SDF (soluble dietary fiber), and pectic substances in waterleaf. This research was conducted in four phases: sample cultivation, sample preparation, chemical analysis, and data analysis. This research used five samples cultivated with 5 different compositions of organic fertilizers and vice versa for conventional fertilizers. The cultivation was done in the experimental field of University Farm, Bogor, Indonesia during rainy season and dry season. Samples were harvested 8 weeks after planted, dried using drying oven for 17 hours at 60°C, ground and filtered to 40 mesh;and kept at -10°C until analysis. The overall result showed that the conventional samples contain higher dietary fiber than the organically fertilized samples, except the pectic substances of plant in dry season. Although its IDF content is higher than the SDF, the SDF content of waterleaf is relatively high compared to other vegetables, especially in dry season.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund Project of the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2024NSFSC0363)the Earmarked Fund for Sichuan Coarse Cereal Innovation Team Program of CARS(No.SCCXTD-2024-20).
文摘Quinoa microgreen,as a nutrient-dense and health-promoting vegetable,contains abundant rhamnogalacturonan-I enriched pectic polysaccharides.However,their protective effects against ulcerative co-litis(UC)and the influence of structural features like degree of esterification(DE)are poorly understood.Consequently,to overcome this gap in understanding,we systematically assessed the anti-UC activity of quinoa microgreen pectic polysaccharides(QMP)exhibiting distinct DE levels:QMP-HDE(28.49%),QMP-MDE(16.8%),and QMP-LDE(4.4%).Results demonstrated that all these pectic polysaccharides significantly mitigated dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC through upregulating tight junction proteins,suppressing intestinal proinflammatory cytokines,promoting short-chain fatty acid production,and resorting gut microbiota homeosta-sis.Notably,low-DE QMP-LDE demonstrated superior efficacy to high-DE QMP-HDE in restoring intestinal barrier integrity(enhanced upregulation of tight junction proteins and reduced serum lipopolysaccharide)and in elevating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10.Although all pectic polysaccharides suppressed pathogenic genera(Escherichia-Shigella,Klebsiella,and Helicobacter),they differentially modulated beneficial bacteria(Lactobacillus and Muribaculaceae).QMP-HDE selectively enhanced Lactobacillus abundance,whereas QMP-LDE specifically enriched Muribaculaceae.These differential effects among QMP-HDE and QMP-LDE are closely linked to their DE levels.Collectively,our findings shed light on the structure-anti-UC activity relationship of QMP pectic polysaccharides,supporting their potential application as functional foods to prevent intestinal in-flammatory disorders.
基金the Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202071)Zhejiang Basic Public Welfare Research Project(LQ22C200003)+1 种基金Zhejiang Province Key R&D Project(2021C02001)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Province(2022BBF02006),China.
文摘Background and objectives:High-pressure processing(HPP)is a promising assistive method to extract pectic polysaccharides with high rhamnogalacturonan I(RG-I)domain and berries are sources of such pectic polysaccharides.This study extracts pectic polysaccharides from goji berry,raspberry,and cranberry,examines how HPP influences the pectic polysaccharide structure of three berries,and provides a basis for the extraction and modification of pectic polysaccharides with specific structure and bioactivity.Materials and methods:An orthogonal test was performed to optimize the HPP-assisted alkali method to extract the high yield and high RG-I content pectic polysaccharides from three berries.Structural information of pectic polysaccharides extracted by the HPP method and conventional methods were compared from the perspectives of monosaccharide composition,molecular weight,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,andnuclearmagneticresonancespectroscopy.Results:For raspberry,the optimal conditions consisted of a pressure of 50o MPa,a pH of 13,and a pressure-holding time of 12 min,while the optimal conditions for goji berry and cranberry were both 40o MPa,pH 13,and 15 min.Under the optimal conditions,the yields for goji berry,raspberry,and cranberry were 10.49%,16.63%,and 17.52%,respectively,and RG-l contents were 81.85%,83.30%,and 63.22%,respectively.HPP showed an effect to degrade homogalacturonan backbones and side chains and increase the RG-I content to some extent.Conclusion:HPP-assisted alkali method was revealed to be an efficient method to extract high RG-I content pectic polysaccharides,especially for cranberry,and was a potential method to modify pectic polysaccharide structure in a certain way.
基金supported by the grant from the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-35)the grant from Science and Technology Support Project of Sichuan Province(2016NYZ0052 and 2016NZ0006)the fund from the research program of“Sheng Yang”students’association(B2016010)
文摘As a kind of green additive,pectic oligosaccharide(POS) may regulate some physiological functions of animals,such as gut health,antioxidant capacity,immunity and lipid metabolism.This study aimed to identify whether POS administration can improve maternal reproduction,and to determine the possible metabolism.A total of 48 pregnant Wistar rats randomly allotted into 2 groups,and each group was fed a diet supplemented with 0 or 800 mg/kg of POS.Pectic oligosaccharide administration increased rat born number(P <0.05),did not affect rat embryo number on d 7 of gestation,but increased rat fetus number on d 14 of gestation(P <0.05).On d 14 of gestation,POS treatment improved Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium populations and volatile fatty acid concentrations of cecal digesta(P <0.05),hormone(progesterone and nitric oxide) and cytokine(interleukin 2) concentrations of serum(P <0.05),and antioxidant capacity of serum(increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde) and placenta(increased total superoxide dismutase,decreased malondialdehyde)(P <0.05) in pregnant rats.These results suggest that POS administration improved rat reproduction via decreasing fetus loss in middle gestation.This was due to the increased volatile fatty acid concentrations in rat gut improving hormone and inflammatory-cytokine productions,and antioxidant capacity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32072164)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20210458)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC1606804)the Postdoctoral Research Funding Plan of China(No.2019M651710).
文摘The aim of this study was to continuously hydrolyze mango peel pectin,an agricultural waste,into pectic oligosaccharides(POS)with antibacterial activity.A packed-bed reactor(PBR)with immobilized polygalacturonase was designed,and the effects of the process conditions(flow rate,substrate concentration,and enzyme amount)were evaluated.The optimal conditions were obtained using response surface analysis,and a stable POS production with a yield of 94.56%was achieved.The PBR retained 82%of its initial activity after continuous operation for 72 h.The POS products exhibited good antibacterial activity against E.coli,S.aureus,B.subtilis,and S.typhimurium.The destructive effects of POS on the membrane system integrity were observed via scanning electron microscopy and the leakage of intracellular nucleic acids.Thus,the PBR is a powerful tool for continuous POS production,and hence,it can be applied as an alternative to chemical preservatives in the food industry.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2018R1D1A1B07048439).
文摘The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of pectic oligosaccharide(POS)on the physicochemical properties of Lactobacillus bulgaricus(L.bulgaricus)loaded-synbiotic hydrogel beads and the survival of L.bulgaricus.Low methoxyl(LM)pectin-resistant starch(RS)hydrogel beads,named RS beads,were coated/filled with different concentrations of POS:0.8%(RS-POS0.8 beads),1.0%(RS-POS1.0 beads),and 1.2%(RS-POS1.2 beads).POS treatment resulted in smooth beads with less surface dent by hydrogen bonding between RS beads and POS,which was confirmed by SEM and XRD analyses.The encapsulation efficiency of RS beads and RS-POS beads ranged from 90.40%to 92.03%.In simulated gastric fluid(SGF)and bile salt solution,free L.bulgaricus completely died but L.bulgaricus encapsulated in RS-POS1.2 beads only slightly decreased.This indicates that RS-POS1.2 beads exhibited higher protective effects on L.bulgaricus under SGF condition and bile salts.Furthermore,considering the relatively higher storage stability of L.bulgaricus loaded in RS-POS1.2 beads,the present results suggest that RS beads coated/filled with POS could be used for synbiotic encapsulation,protection,and delivery of probiotics.
文摘In the last years, sugar beet pectins have been the subject of several investigations involving extraction methodologies, chemical composition and functional properties. The structure of pectins, which depends on the extraction method, is decisive in their capacity to induce apoptosis on several cancer cell lines like colon, prostate and breast. In this work, sugar beet pectin extraction was performed in the following steps： lipid extraction with hexane, removal of soluble complex carbohydrates and proteins, and enzymatic treatment with amyloglucosidase, protease, and pectinase. The enzymatic treatment was carried out with Rohapect DA6L under the following conditions： 50℃, pH 4.0, 2% enzyme/substrate （E/S） ratio, 15 h, and a solid to liquid ratio of 1 ： 10. The pectic extract showed a degree of polymerization （DP） profile of 55.8% with DP≥7; 4.9% with DP6; 5.8% between DP2 and DP6 ; 4.7% with DP2; and 28.8% with DP1. The pectic extract was examined for its antiproliferative activity on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. At a concentration range of 12.5-25 mg/mL the pectic extract killed 80.6% of the cells, exhibiting a higher antiproliferative activity than 4-hydroxytamoxifen （4- OHT）, a classical anticancer drug, which killed 56.5% of the cells.
基金supported by the PharmacoBio Assistantship 2019supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2020R1F1A1070996).
文摘In this study,the improvement effects of oral administration of polysaccharides isolated from Saururus chinensis on a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model were evaluated.To achieve this,S.chinensis-derived crude polysaccharides(SCP)were extracted using hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation.SCP is composed primarily of eight monosaccharides,including galacturonic acid(46.6%),galactose(10.4%),arabinose(5.6%),and rhamnose(3.8%),that are typical sugar components of pectic polysaccharides.Oral administration of SCP recovered body weight loss and significantly alleviated various ulcerative colitis symptoms such as stool consistency,blood in stool,and blood in the anus.Additionally,the DSS-treated group that exhibited a decrease in colon length,and SCP treatment significantly reduced colon length shortening in a dose-dependent manner.Levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and myeloperoxidase were lower in the SCP-treated groups than they were in the DSS-treated group.In contrast,Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff staining revealed that SCP treatment effectively maintained the amount of mucus and goblet cells in the intestinal lumen compared to that in the DSS-treated group.The short-chain fatty acid content decreased by DSS administration was recovered through oral administration of SCP,and the amount of butyric acid was significantly improved.Consequently,the aforementioned results suggest that SCP isolated from S.chinensis is a potent candidate for use as a new health functional food and pharmaceutical ingredient for colitis treatment.
基金funded by the University of Queensland,Australia,the Australian Research Council(ARC)Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods(IC180100045)Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research(KISR).
文摘Prebiotics are essential for improving the growth and survival of probiotics in products,which leads to main-taining the balance of the gut microbiome for overall health.Therefore,the aim of this study was to develop a novel source of prebiotic from an Australian native fruit Terminalia ferdinandiana(Kakadu plum[KP])and its pectic oligosaccharide(POS)extract by studying their prebiotic effect on growth,survival and milk acidification of six probiotic bacteria.Lactococcus lactis 537,Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356,Lactobacillus plantarum 299v,Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG,Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 were cultured in skim milk containing 1%and 3%of KP,or 1%of POS derived from KP pectin or apple pectin.Based on the results,the stimulation effect of KP and KP POS on bacteria growth and acidification of milk was found to be species-dependent.A higher prebiotic potential was shown by 1%KP for most strains,while 3%KP significantly enhanced the antimicrobial activity of nisin-producing Lc.lactis 537 supernatant against Staphylococcus aureus.KP POS was more effective than KP in assisting probiotic survival during storage over 14 days at 4◦C and maintaining the pH value of milk of 6 or above during fermentation.Analysis of the monosaccharides and uronic acids of POS from KP revealed mostly glucose,fructose,galactose,arabinose and galacturonic acid.The KP and its POS could be classified as novel prebiotics which support improved growth,survival and antimicrobial ac-tivity of specific probiotic bacteria,and areas for future research are recommended.
基金Authors gratefully acknowledge Mr.Keisuke Tsuge and Dr.Akira Iwamoto of the Industrial Technology Center of Saga for technical support.supported by a basic Japanese government subsidy for university administration.
文摘In this study,we utilized pressurized carbon dioxide(pCO_(2))for pectin extraction from citrus residues because of its potential to produce acid without chemicals,that is non-toxic,green technology for humans and the environment.The pCO_(2)was performed at 2.5 MPa and 90℃for 90 min,while the conventional method(CM)for pectin extraction using HCl was performed under atmospheric pressure at 90℃for 90 min.Pectin extraction yields with pCO_(2)depended on the type of citrus fruit and were lower than those obtained with the CM.However,pCO_(2)-extracted pectin(pCO_(2)-pectin)provided a higher degree of esterification(DE),neutral sugar side-chain substitution on the pectate backbone,and greater molecular size than those of pectin extracted using the conventional method(CM-pectin).Pectin oligosaccharide(POS)was prepared from CM-pectin and pCO_(2)-pectin using viscozyme L hydrolysis under optimum conditions.These POSs were then designated as CM-POS and pCO_(2)-POS,respectively.Both pCO_(2)-POS and CM-POS stimulated the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species,and induced them to produce short-chain fatty acids,and slightly suppressed immunoglobulin E production in U266 cells.Furthermore,pCO_(2)-POS had higher angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity compared to CM-POS.This study suggests that pCO_(2)is a novel method for extracting pectin with unique molecular properties affecting POS functionality in vitro.
