During hydraulic fracturing operations of low-permeability reservoirs,packers are the key component to ensure the success of multistage fracturing.Packers enable sections of the wellbore to be sealed off and separatel...During hydraulic fracturing operations of low-permeability reservoirs,packers are the key component to ensure the success of multistage fracturing.Packers enable sections of the wellbore to be sealed off and separately fractured by hydraulic pressure,one at a time,while the remainder of the wellbore is not affected.However,reliable sealing properties of the packer rubber are required to meet the high-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)conditions of reservoirs(such as 70 MPa and 170 ℃).In this study,the structures of the packer rubber with two different materials are optimized numerically by ABAQUS and validated by experiments.The optimization process starts from the packer rubber with a conventional structure,and then,the weakest spots are identified by ABAQUS and improved by slightly varying its structure.This process is iterative,and the final optimized structure of a single rubber barrel with expanding back-up rings is achieved.For the structure of three rubber barrels with metallic protective covers,both HNBR and AFLAS fail under HPHT conditions.For the final optimized structure,the packer rubber made of AFLAS can work better under HPHT than that made of HNBR which ruptures after setting.The results show that the optimized structure of a single rubber barrel with expanding back-up rings and the material AFLAS are a good combination for the packer rubber playing an excellent sealing performance in multistage fracturing in horizontal wells.展开更多
Double packer equipment for hydraulic test can be used to measure pressure of test zone directly, and it is frequently used to perform many kinds of hydraulic tests and take groundwater sample from borehole. The test ...Double packer equipment for hydraulic test can be used to measure pressure of test zone directly, and it is frequently used to perform many kinds of hydraulic tests and take groundwater sample from borehole. The test method of this equipment mainly includes the test design, implementation, interpretation and synthetic analysis. By adopting the double packer equipment for hydraulic test, the parameter distribution of rock permeability along borehole can be acquired, as well as the connectivity, water conductivity and water bearing capacity of the disclosed structure and the chemical characteristics of the deep groundwater. It is a necessary method for the research and evaluation of the complex hypotonicity terrace site selection under geological conditions. This method is not only suitable for the geological disposal of high level radioactive waste, but also can be used in the site selection of underground facilities such as storage of petroleum and carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, it has a good application prospect in other hydrogeological investigation fields.展开更多
Usually the water head of the pumped storage hydro-plant is high, generally up to 400-500 m, therefore the rock mass under the high-pressure bifurcation pipe have to bear as high as millions Pascal water pressure, in ...Usually the water head of the pumped storage hydro-plant is high, generally up to 400-500 m, therefore the rock mass under the high-pressure bifurcation pipe have to bear as high as millions Pascal water pressure, in according with the requirements of high water head pumped storage hydro-plant should be 1.2 times of the water head special high-pressure packer permeability test compared with normal to test the permeability of rock and rock cleavage pressure value. The test results on the choice of design options often play a decisive role. Based on the engineering practice, the authors studied the drillhole high-pressure packer permeability test in the pumped storage hydro-plant's underground powerhouse, by the analysis of test results, this article offers a demonstration of the deformation of rock fracture witch under building in the condition of high-pressure water head, it provides a more detailed engineering geological background.展开更多
In liner cementing,the upper cement plug and inner components of a common hanger needs to be drilled out after cementing,which will result in a poor cementing quality or even gas leakage at the flare opening.Therefore...In liner cementing,the upper cement plug and inner components of a common hanger needs to be drilled out after cementing,which will result in a poor cementing quality or even gas leakage at the flare opening.Therefore,a new packer-type drilling-free liner hanger has been developed,and a hydraulic setting-control packer,a flexible drilling-free seal box,and an auxiliary bearing back-off mechanism that go with the line hanger have been designed at the same time.Specific operation procedures include:(1)run in the liner string to the designed depth,then fully circulate the drilling fluid,finally drop the ball.When the tripping ball gets into the seat,the pressure will go up to cut off the hanging control pin and set the hanger;(2)continue to hold the pressure and cut off the ball seat pin to form circulation;(3)trip in the drill pipe to exert pressure on the hanger,back off to release the hanger from the running tool;(4)lower the drill pipe plug upon the completion of cement in-jection,cut off the releasing control pin of hollow casing plug,and run down further to bump with the bumping assembly;(5)remove the cementing head and connect the kelly driver,hold pressure again,then slowly pull up the drill tools,exert hydraulic pressure on the setting hydraulic cylinder of the packer assembly to cut off the setting control pin and set the packer;and(6)pull up the tools to the flare opening and wash out excessive cement slurry by circulating to realize free drilling of the whole hole.The successful application of the liner hanger in 127 mm diameter liner in Well BQ203-H1 indicates that the packer-type liner hanger has such advantages as easy hanging and back-off,accurate bumping,simple setting,and sound sealing performance.展开更多
In order to apply the electric submersible pump(ESP)based drainage gas recovery technology commonly used in conventional gas wells to high-sulfur gas wells,and meet the requirements of casing protection in high-sulfur...In order to apply the electric submersible pump(ESP)based drainage gas recovery technology commonly used in conventional gas wells to high-sulfur gas wells,and meet the requirements of casing protection in high-sulfur gas wells,we conducted a series of technical researches on casing protection,gas interference and vibration of deep-well ESP set in terms of a completion string design and support tools based on the completion modes of high-sulfur gas wells and the technical characteristics of ESP drainage gas recovery technologies.Simultaneously,drainage gas recovery technology was designed for Well L2.The research and application results show:firstly,the completion string system of high-sulfur gas wells composed of a canned ESP system and an anchor intubation packer can realize the normal operation of ESP and meet the requirements of casing protection;secondly,multiphase pump and bleeder line can be used to solve the problem of gas interference,the automatic reverse valve can be used to reduce the effect of ESP complex flow path on the flowing of the gas well,and the anchor intubation packer can be used to reduce the string vibration;thirdly,the canned ESP system designed in this paper is applicable toØ244.5 mm andØ177.8 mm casings,specifically,the ESP corresponding toØ244.5 mm casing has the maximum flow rate of 900 m^(3)/d and the maximum lift height of 4500 m,and that corresponding toØ177.8 mm casing has the maximum flow rate of 300 m^(3)/d and the maximum lift height of 3000 m.It is concluded that this research result provides a technical support for the implementation of ESP based drainage gas recovery technology in high-sulfur gas wells.展开更多
[目的]充分利用现代科学技术,加强实验室生物安全管理,实时监管生物样本的运输过程,杜绝可能发生的意外事件,确保社会公共安全。[方法]通过整合无线射频识别系统(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)、全球导航定位系统(Global Positi...[目的]充分利用现代科学技术,加强实验室生物安全管理,实时监管生物样本的运输过程,杜绝可能发生的意外事件,确保社会公共安全。[方法]通过整合无线射频识别系统(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)、全球导航定位系统(Global Position System,GPS)、地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)和通用分组无线业务(General Packer Radio Service,GPRS)及温控等先进技术,建立智能化生物样本运输监管系统。[结果]该系统通过RFID电子标签技术对每个生物样本(包括来源、内容、数量、规格、运送目的、运输温度条件等)建立电子信息数据,采用GPS定位技术和GIS管理技术实时准确定位并进行监控,可为样本的安全管理和安全运输、跟踪提供有效保障。经过实际试用,能达到预期效果。[结论]在实验室生物安全管理工作中,基于RFID、GPS、GIS和GPRS技术的智能化生物样本运输监管系统符合国家有关实验室生物安全管理要求,属国内首创,具有实用价值和推广意义。展开更多
基金financial support from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant nos. 17CX05020 and 17CX06002the Research Funds for Introducing Talent (PhD) of China University of Petroleum under Grant no. YJ20170026+1 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project under Grant no. 2016ZX05042004the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant no. U1762104
文摘During hydraulic fracturing operations of low-permeability reservoirs,packers are the key component to ensure the success of multistage fracturing.Packers enable sections of the wellbore to be sealed off and separately fractured by hydraulic pressure,one at a time,while the remainder of the wellbore is not affected.However,reliable sealing properties of the packer rubber are required to meet the high-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)conditions of reservoirs(such as 70 MPa and 170 ℃).In this study,the structures of the packer rubber with two different materials are optimized numerically by ABAQUS and validated by experiments.The optimization process starts from the packer rubber with a conventional structure,and then,the weakest spots are identified by ABAQUS and improved by slightly varying its structure.This process is iterative,and the final optimized structure of a single rubber barrel with expanding back-up rings is achieved.For the structure of three rubber barrels with metallic protective covers,both HNBR and AFLAS fail under HPHT conditions.For the final optimized structure,the packer rubber made of AFLAS can work better under HPHT than that made of HNBR which ruptures after setting.The results show that the optimized structure of a single rubber barrel with expanding back-up rings and the material AFLAS are a good combination for the packer rubber playing an excellent sealing performance in multistage fracturing in horizontal wells.
文摘Double packer equipment for hydraulic test can be used to measure pressure of test zone directly, and it is frequently used to perform many kinds of hydraulic tests and take groundwater sample from borehole. The test method of this equipment mainly includes the test design, implementation, interpretation and synthetic analysis. By adopting the double packer equipment for hydraulic test, the parameter distribution of rock permeability along borehole can be acquired, as well as the connectivity, water conductivity and water bearing capacity of the disclosed structure and the chemical characteristics of the deep groundwater. It is a necessary method for the research and evaluation of the complex hypotonicity terrace site selection under geological conditions. This method is not only suitable for the geological disposal of high level radioactive waste, but also can be used in the site selection of underground facilities such as storage of petroleum and carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, it has a good application prospect in other hydrogeological investigation fields.
文摘Usually the water head of the pumped storage hydro-plant is high, generally up to 400-500 m, therefore the rock mass under the high-pressure bifurcation pipe have to bear as high as millions Pascal water pressure, in according with the requirements of high water head pumped storage hydro-plant should be 1.2 times of the water head special high-pressure packer permeability test compared with normal to test the permeability of rock and rock cleavage pressure value. The test results on the choice of design options often play a decisive role. Based on the engineering practice, the authors studied the drillhole high-pressure packer permeability test in the pumped storage hydro-plant's underground powerhouse, by the analysis of test results, this article offers a demonstration of the deformation of rock fracture witch under building in the condition of high-pressure water head, it provides a more detailed engineering geological background.
基金2011 Overall Project of China National Petroleum Corpo-ration(No.2011T-0501).
文摘In liner cementing,the upper cement plug and inner components of a common hanger needs to be drilled out after cementing,which will result in a poor cementing quality or even gas leakage at the flare opening.Therefore,a new packer-type drilling-free liner hanger has been developed,and a hydraulic setting-control packer,a flexible drilling-free seal box,and an auxiliary bearing back-off mechanism that go with the line hanger have been designed at the same time.Specific operation procedures include:(1)run in the liner string to the designed depth,then fully circulate the drilling fluid,finally drop the ball.When the tripping ball gets into the seat,the pressure will go up to cut off the hanging control pin and set the hanger;(2)continue to hold the pressure and cut off the ball seat pin to form circulation;(3)trip in the drill pipe to exert pressure on the hanger,back off to release the hanger from the running tool;(4)lower the drill pipe plug upon the completion of cement in-jection,cut off the releasing control pin of hollow casing plug,and run down further to bump with the bumping assembly;(5)remove the cementing head and connect the kelly driver,hold pressure again,then slowly pull up the drill tools,exert hydraulic pressure on the setting hydraulic cylinder of the packer assembly to cut off the setting control pin and set the packer;and(6)pull up the tools to the flare opening and wash out excessive cement slurry by circulating to realize free drilling of the whole hole.The successful application of the liner hanger in 127 mm diameter liner in Well BQ203-H1 indicates that the packer-type liner hanger has such advantages as easy hanging and back-off,accurate bumping,simple setting,and sound sealing performance.
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Demonstration development project of large carbonate gas field in the Sichuan Basin”(No.2016ZX05052)。
文摘In order to apply the electric submersible pump(ESP)based drainage gas recovery technology commonly used in conventional gas wells to high-sulfur gas wells,and meet the requirements of casing protection in high-sulfur gas wells,we conducted a series of technical researches on casing protection,gas interference and vibration of deep-well ESP set in terms of a completion string design and support tools based on the completion modes of high-sulfur gas wells and the technical characteristics of ESP drainage gas recovery technologies.Simultaneously,drainage gas recovery technology was designed for Well L2.The research and application results show:firstly,the completion string system of high-sulfur gas wells composed of a canned ESP system and an anchor intubation packer can realize the normal operation of ESP and meet the requirements of casing protection;secondly,multiphase pump and bleeder line can be used to solve the problem of gas interference,the automatic reverse valve can be used to reduce the effect of ESP complex flow path on the flowing of the gas well,and the anchor intubation packer can be used to reduce the string vibration;thirdly,the canned ESP system designed in this paper is applicable toØ244.5 mm andØ177.8 mm casings,specifically,the ESP corresponding toØ244.5 mm casing has the maximum flow rate of 900 m^(3)/d and the maximum lift height of 4500 m,and that corresponding toØ177.8 mm casing has the maximum flow rate of 300 m^(3)/d and the maximum lift height of 3000 m.It is concluded that this research result provides a technical support for the implementation of ESP based drainage gas recovery technology in high-sulfur gas wells.
文摘[目的]充分利用现代科学技术,加强实验室生物安全管理,实时监管生物样本的运输过程,杜绝可能发生的意外事件,确保社会公共安全。[方法]通过整合无线射频识别系统(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)、全球导航定位系统(Global Position System,GPS)、地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)和通用分组无线业务(General Packer Radio Service,GPRS)及温控等先进技术,建立智能化生物样本运输监管系统。[结果]该系统通过RFID电子标签技术对每个生物样本(包括来源、内容、数量、规格、运送目的、运输温度条件等)建立电子信息数据,采用GPS定位技术和GIS管理技术实时准确定位并进行监控,可为样本的安全管理和安全运输、跟踪提供有效保障。经过实际试用,能达到预期效果。[结论]在实验室生物安全管理工作中,基于RFID、GPS、GIS和GPRS技术的智能化生物样本运输监管系统符合国家有关实验室生物安全管理要求,属国内首创,具有实用价值和推广意义。
