Oxygen vacancy(Vo)engineering has been recognized as one of the most effective strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion performance of metal oxides,as it can simultaneously facilitate photogenerat...Oxygen vacancy(Vo)engineering has been recognized as one of the most effective strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion performance of metal oxides,as it can simultaneously facilitate photogenerated charge carrier separation efficiency and provide additional surface reaction sites.However,the wide application of Vo engineering in photocatalysis are limited by its poor stability,owing to the easy recovery of these vacancy defects by atmospheric oxygen.Herein,we develop an indium(In)doping strategy to regulate the coordination environment in CeO_(2) with abundant Vo(CeO_(2-x)),thereby enhance its stability during photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion.Confirmed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy(PALS),In dopants combine with Vo by substituting for part of Ce^(4+),forming In^(3+)-Vo complexes that effectively inhibit the formation of unstable va-cancy clusters.Such In^(3+)-Vo complexes can also reduce the energy required for formation of the CO products.Therefore,the optimized In-doped CeO_(2-x) exhibits excellent photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion performance,with a CO yield of 301.6μmol⋅g^(-1) after 5 h of light irradiation,and maintain high activity after four cycles of experiments.Comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the introduction of In doping not only significantly improves the stability of Vo in CeO_(2-x),but also reconstruct the reaction kinetics of the CO_(2) conversion by forming In^(3+)-Vo complexes thus facilitating the overall reaction.展开更多
Mood-driven purchases of both goods and services are on the rise,emerging as the new engine driving consumption.MINIATURE decorative green banana trees called“No Anxiety”(a word play on the Chinese words“don’t be ...Mood-driven purchases of both goods and services are on the rise,emerging as the new engine driving consumption.MINIATURE decorative green banana trees called“No Anxiety”(a word play on the Chinese words“don’t be a green banana”),blind boxes,mountain hiking companions,and AI chat pals-many products and services that were dismissed as useless or worthless years ago are now gaining popularity among young consumers.Behind this trend is the increase in consumer spending,driven more by emotions than practical needs.展开更多
为探究PAL基因家族在越南参(Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv.)中的功能,通过同源比对和隐马尔可夫模型检索对PAL基因家族成员进行鉴定,对其相关的理化性质、系统发育关系、基因结构、启动子顺式作用元件、共线性特征、组织特异性表达...为探究PAL基因家族在越南参(Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv.)中的功能,通过同源比对和隐马尔可夫模型检索对PAL基因家族成员进行鉴定,对其相关的理化性质、系统发育关系、基因结构、启动子顺式作用元件、共线性特征、组织特异性表达及其在水杨酸处理下的表达模式进行了系统解析,并在越南参愈伤组织中对PvPAL 2和PvPAL4进行了功能验证。结果显示:在越南参中共鉴定出4个PAL基因,依据其染色体位置分别将命名为PvPAL1、PvPAL2、PvPAL3、PvPAL4。4个PvPAL蛋白的氨基酸数为712~719,相对分子质量为77732.84~78236.50,理论等电点为pI 6.00至pI 6.24。越南参PvPAL2与PvPAL4聚在同一个分支,亲缘关系较近,且PvPAL2与PvPAL4具有相似的外显子和内含子结构。PvPAL启动子区含有大量顺式作用元件,其中,非生物和生物胁迫响应元件数量最多。总体上看,PvPAL在大多数组织间的表达水平差异显著(P<0.05)。水杨酸处理6 h后,PvPAL1、PvPAL2和PvPAL4表达受到显著诱导。此外,愈伤组织瞬时过表达显示PvPAL2与PvPAL4可促进木质素和类黄酮积累。综上所述,4个PvPAL基因整体保守性较高,且基因表达水平显著受水杨酸诱导,PvPAL2和PvPAL4显著促进了木质素和类黄酮的积累,在越南参生长发育中发挥重要作用。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22202152)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.24JCQNJC00990)Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University(No.TGCYY-F-0304).
文摘Oxygen vacancy(Vo)engineering has been recognized as one of the most effective strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion performance of metal oxides,as it can simultaneously facilitate photogenerated charge carrier separation efficiency and provide additional surface reaction sites.However,the wide application of Vo engineering in photocatalysis are limited by its poor stability,owing to the easy recovery of these vacancy defects by atmospheric oxygen.Herein,we develop an indium(In)doping strategy to regulate the coordination environment in CeO_(2) with abundant Vo(CeO_(2-x)),thereby enhance its stability during photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion.Confirmed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy(PALS),In dopants combine with Vo by substituting for part of Ce^(4+),forming In^(3+)-Vo complexes that effectively inhibit the formation of unstable va-cancy clusters.Such In^(3+)-Vo complexes can also reduce the energy required for formation of the CO products.Therefore,the optimized In-doped CeO_(2-x) exhibits excellent photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion performance,with a CO yield of 301.6μmol⋅g^(-1) after 5 h of light irradiation,and maintain high activity after four cycles of experiments.Comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the introduction of In doping not only significantly improves the stability of Vo in CeO_(2-x),but also reconstruct the reaction kinetics of the CO_(2) conversion by forming In^(3+)-Vo complexes thus facilitating the overall reaction.
文摘Mood-driven purchases of both goods and services are on the rise,emerging as the new engine driving consumption.MINIATURE decorative green banana trees called“No Anxiety”(a word play on the Chinese words“don’t be a green banana”),blind boxes,mountain hiking companions,and AI chat pals-many products and services that were dismissed as useless or worthless years ago are now gaining popularity among young consumers.Behind this trend is the increase in consumer spending,driven more by emotions than practical needs.
文摘为探究PAL基因家族在越南参(Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv.)中的功能,通过同源比对和隐马尔可夫模型检索对PAL基因家族成员进行鉴定,对其相关的理化性质、系统发育关系、基因结构、启动子顺式作用元件、共线性特征、组织特异性表达及其在水杨酸处理下的表达模式进行了系统解析,并在越南参愈伤组织中对PvPAL 2和PvPAL4进行了功能验证。结果显示:在越南参中共鉴定出4个PAL基因,依据其染色体位置分别将命名为PvPAL1、PvPAL2、PvPAL3、PvPAL4。4个PvPAL蛋白的氨基酸数为712~719,相对分子质量为77732.84~78236.50,理论等电点为pI 6.00至pI 6.24。越南参PvPAL2与PvPAL4聚在同一个分支,亲缘关系较近,且PvPAL2与PvPAL4具有相似的外显子和内含子结构。PvPAL启动子区含有大量顺式作用元件,其中,非生物和生物胁迫响应元件数量最多。总体上看,PvPAL在大多数组织间的表达水平差异显著(P<0.05)。水杨酸处理6 h后,PvPAL1、PvPAL2和PvPAL4表达受到显著诱导。此外,愈伤组织瞬时过表达显示PvPAL2与PvPAL4可促进木质素和类黄酮积累。综上所述,4个PvPAL基因整体保守性较高,且基因表达水平显著受水杨酸诱导,PvPAL2和PvPAL4显著促进了木质素和类黄酮的积累,在越南参生长发育中发挥重要作用。
