Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge(NIZK for short) proofs are fascinating and extremely useful in many security protocols. In this paper,a new group signature scheme,decisional linear assumption group signature(DLAGS for ...Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge(NIZK for short) proofs are fascinating and extremely useful in many security protocols. In this paper,a new group signature scheme,decisional linear assumption group signature(DLAGS for short) with NIZK proofs is proposed which can prove and sign the multiple values rather than individual bits based on DLIN assumption. DLAGS does not need to interact between the verifier and issuer,which can decrease the communication times and storage cost compared with the existing interactive group signature schemes. We prove and sign the blocks of messages instead of limiting the proved message to only one bit(0 or 1) in the conventional non-interactive zero-knowledge proof system,and we also prove that our scheme satisfy the property of anonymity,unlinkability and traceability. Finally,our scheme is compared with the other scheme(Benoitt's scheme) which is also based on the NIZK proofs system and the DLIN assumption,and the results show that our scheme requires fewer members of groups and computational times.展开更多
This article is based on research on pre-service teachers＇ perspectives on their mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study was framed using tile mathematical knowledge for teaching framework. This qualita...This article is based on research on pre-service teachers＇ perspectives on their mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study was framed using tile mathematical knowledge for teaching framework. This qualitative study employed the use of a task-based worksheet, focus group sessions and semi-structured individual interviews. The task-based worksheet was completed by 180 pre-service mathematics teachers （second, third and fourth year mathematics education students）. Pre-service mathematics teachers are student teachers who have not yet completed their training to become teachers. After the analysis of the task-based worksheet, 20 participants were invited to participate in focus group sessions and individual interviews. The findings of the study reveal that the participants possess peripheral mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study aims at assisting pre-service teachers and interested educationists to explore innovative methods of acquiring and imparting mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study proposes possible changes in curriculum at school and university level.展开更多
A variety of knowledge-related disputes emerged during the formulation of China's fertility policy.As the core epistemological element of policy decision-making,the reliability of data proof was gradually confirme...A variety of knowledge-related disputes emerged during the formulation of China's fertility policy.As the core epistemological element of policy decision-making,the reliability of data proof was gradually confirmed in this process.In this study,we find that data proof became a crucial consideration when the Chinese government initiated a onechild policy in the 1980s.The government used Song Jian's population cybernetics and the centennial projection of Chinese population growth as decisive support for the promulgation of this policy.The government subsequently planned to introduce a two-child policy in 2011.During this process,fierce competition arose between the knowledge claims advanced by Zhai Zhenwu and Wang Guangzhou,who differed significantly on the measurement of the fertility rate and the willingness of women to bear children.The accuracy of data proof came to be gradually realized by both the government and the public.By drawing on a co-productionist analysis of the interactions among the stakeholders,epistemology and China's agenda in this process,we conclude that a new civic epistemology of data proof for public policymaking was created in the formulation of the two public policies on fertility.This has transformed knowledge production as well as political institutions,identities and representations.展开更多
大语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)驱动的开放域问答(Open-Domain Question Answering,ODAQ)系统,如GIST(Generating Identifiers and Selecting chunks for Tables)框架,在处理海量表格数据时展现出巨大潜力,受到了广泛关注.然而,...大语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)驱动的开放域问答(Open-Domain Question Answering,ODAQ)系统,如GIST(Generating Identifiers and Selecting chunks for Tables)框架,在处理海量表格数据时展现出巨大潜力,受到了广泛关注.然而,当ODQA系统需要整合多方私有表格数据进行Top-K候选筛选等环节时,传统方法需要访问全部原数据,这在数据隐私、计算透明度及参与方行为可信度方面面临挑战.虽然现有研究采用零知识证明和基于权益的机制实现了公开可验证性,但在大规模场景下生成和验证单个证明的开销过高,而传统的基于权益的机制在公平性和对动态环境的适应性方面也存在局限性.对此,本文基于多方安全计算(Multi-Party Computation,MPC)、可公开聚合审计与动态信誉机制,提出了一种面向LLM开放域问答中多方私有表格筛选的增强方法.将Top-K多方私有表格筛选过程通过MPC完成,以保护多方私有数据隐私.同时,引入高效的聚合审计机制,将零知识证明技术与随机抽样、聚合证明构造、基于时间窗口的批处理和错误定位相结合,确保评分与排序过程的正确性可以被批量、公开验证.基于区块链的动态信誉反馈机制的集成也增强了系统的公平性,并约束了恶意行为.实验评估表明,本文的Top-K候选筛选方法在保证隐私的同时与GIST原有筛选方法在结果上达到0.91的Top-50平均召回率和0.83的平均Jaccard指数,具有高度一致性,不会影响ODQA端到端任务性能.同时,大规模任务下可公开审计的证明和验证效率均得到提升,与单独的证明相比节省了约87%的证明时间.反馈机制的适应性和公平性也得到了增强.展开更多
基金supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant Nos.863-317-01- 04-99, 2009AA01Z122 (863)the Natural Science Foundation of Shenyang City of China under Grant No. F10-205-1-12
文摘Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge(NIZK for short) proofs are fascinating and extremely useful in many security protocols. In this paper,a new group signature scheme,decisional linear assumption group signature(DLAGS for short) with NIZK proofs is proposed which can prove and sign the multiple values rather than individual bits based on DLIN assumption. DLAGS does not need to interact between the verifier and issuer,which can decrease the communication times and storage cost compared with the existing interactive group signature schemes. We prove and sign the blocks of messages instead of limiting the proved message to only one bit(0 or 1) in the conventional non-interactive zero-knowledge proof system,and we also prove that our scheme satisfy the property of anonymity,unlinkability and traceability. Finally,our scheme is compared with the other scheme(Benoitt's scheme) which is also based on the NIZK proofs system and the DLIN assumption,and the results show that our scheme requires fewer members of groups and computational times.
文摘This article is based on research on pre-service teachers＇ perspectives on their mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study was framed using tile mathematical knowledge for teaching framework. This qualitative study employed the use of a task-based worksheet, focus group sessions and semi-structured individual interviews. The task-based worksheet was completed by 180 pre-service mathematics teachers （second, third and fourth year mathematics education students）. Pre-service mathematics teachers are student teachers who have not yet completed their training to become teachers. After the analysis of the task-based worksheet, 20 participants were invited to participate in focus group sessions and individual interviews. The findings of the study reveal that the participants possess peripheral mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study aims at assisting pre-service teachers and interested educationists to explore innovative methods of acquiring and imparting mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study proposes possible changes in curriculum at school and university level.
基金supported by the Beijing Social Science Fund under grant no.21ZXA002the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under grant no.E2E40903X2
文摘A variety of knowledge-related disputes emerged during the formulation of China's fertility policy.As the core epistemological element of policy decision-making,the reliability of data proof was gradually confirmed in this process.In this study,we find that data proof became a crucial consideration when the Chinese government initiated a onechild policy in the 1980s.The government used Song Jian's population cybernetics and the centennial projection of Chinese population growth as decisive support for the promulgation of this policy.The government subsequently planned to introduce a two-child policy in 2011.During this process,fierce competition arose between the knowledge claims advanced by Zhai Zhenwu and Wang Guangzhou,who differed significantly on the measurement of the fertility rate and the willingness of women to bear children.The accuracy of data proof came to be gradually realized by both the government and the public.By drawing on a co-productionist analysis of the interactions among the stakeholders,epistemology and China's agenda in this process,we conclude that a new civic epistemology of data proof for public policymaking was created in the formulation of the two public policies on fertility.This has transformed knowledge production as well as political institutions,identities and representations.
文摘大语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)驱动的开放域问答(Open-Domain Question Answering,ODAQ)系统,如GIST(Generating Identifiers and Selecting chunks for Tables)框架,在处理海量表格数据时展现出巨大潜力,受到了广泛关注.然而,当ODQA系统需要整合多方私有表格数据进行Top-K候选筛选等环节时,传统方法需要访问全部原数据,这在数据隐私、计算透明度及参与方行为可信度方面面临挑战.虽然现有研究采用零知识证明和基于权益的机制实现了公开可验证性,但在大规模场景下生成和验证单个证明的开销过高,而传统的基于权益的机制在公平性和对动态环境的适应性方面也存在局限性.对此,本文基于多方安全计算(Multi-Party Computation,MPC)、可公开聚合审计与动态信誉机制,提出了一种面向LLM开放域问答中多方私有表格筛选的增强方法.将Top-K多方私有表格筛选过程通过MPC完成,以保护多方私有数据隐私.同时,引入高效的聚合审计机制,将零知识证明技术与随机抽样、聚合证明构造、基于时间窗口的批处理和错误定位相结合,确保评分与排序过程的正确性可以被批量、公开验证.基于区块链的动态信誉反馈机制的集成也增强了系统的公平性,并约束了恶意行为.实验评估表明,本文的Top-K候选筛选方法在保证隐私的同时与GIST原有筛选方法在结果上达到0.91的Top-50平均召回率和0.83的平均Jaccard指数,具有高度一致性,不会影响ODQA端到端任务性能.同时,大规模任务下可公开审计的证明和验证效率均得到提升,与单独的证明相比节省了约87%的证明时间.反馈机制的适应性和公平性也得到了增强.
