The main compounds of off-odor volatiles from irradiated refrigerated vacuum-packaged pork were ana- lyzed by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC-MS).The analytical results showed that the main compounds of off-od...The main compounds of off-odor volatiles from irradiated refrigerated vacuum-packaged pork were ana- lyzed by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC-MS).The analytical results showed that the main compounds of off-odor volatiles were dimethyl disulfide,dimethyl sulfide,dimethyl trisulfide,S-methyl thioacetate,and methanethiol.It was proved that the off-odor volatile came from irradiated S-containing amino acid and thiamin.展开更多
Horse urine-like off-odor of Gastrodia elata(G.elata)decreased consumer acceptance.We investigated the effects of solid-state fermentation with Schizophyllum commune(CGMCC 5.84)on the odor in G.elata.The horse urineli...Horse urine-like off-odor of Gastrodia elata(G.elata)decreased consumer acceptance.We investigated the effects of solid-state fermentation with Schizophyllum commune(CGMCC 5.84)on the odor in G.elata.The horse urinelike off-odor of G.elata was removed after fermentation.The total concentration of the key off-odorants(acetoin,m-cresol,3-ethylphenol,2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol,decanal and p-cresol),which might contribute to the horse urine-like off-odor of G.elata.,decreased from 616.83μg/kg to 254.09μg/kg after fermentation.Pleasant aroma compounds,such as acetophenone,3-octanol,1-octen-3-ol,decanol and phenylethanol,were produced after fermentation.Volatomics combined with non-targeted metabolomics explored the potential mechanisms of removing the off-odor in G.elata.Several involved metabolic processes such as glycolysis,butyrate metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,phenylpropane biosynthesis,linoleic acid degradation,toluene metabolism and ethylbenzene metabolism were identified.Our results suggested a practical method for controlling off-odorants in G.elata.展开更多
Controlling off-odor is crucial for improving the sensory quality and consumer acceptance of surimi products.In this study,yeast extract(YE)was innovatively applied to regulate/control off-odor release in surimi produ...Controlling off-odor is crucial for improving the sensory quality and consumer acceptance of surimi products.In this study,yeast extract(YE)was innovatively applied to regulate/control off-odor release in surimi products.The changes in structure and off-odor binding capacity of myofibrillar protein(MP)with 0%-2%YE were monitored during two-stage heating.Notably,MP structural changes in MP induced by YE affected its binding capacity to off-odors,showing a bidirectional regulating effect,i.e.,an enhanced capacity at low addition(0.5%),whereas a weakened capacity at high addition(2%).The low YE addition promoted protein unfolding to increase binding sites number and reinforce binding forces(hydrophobic interactions,electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds)between MP and off-odors,thus inhibiting release of off-odors.Whereas,excessive YE causes its own aroma compounds to compete with off-odor compounds for binding sites on MP,thus contributing to release off-odors during processing procedure.Molecular dynamics simulations illustrated that L-Arg in YE engaged acidic amino acid residues on MHC in MP through electrostatic interactions,while L-Glu abundant in YE interacted with Arg,Tyr,and Ala residues on MHC via electrostatic,ion-dipole,and hydrogen bonding,thereby inducing structure-function shifts on MP.Molecular docking further revealed that MHC structure change induced by L-Arg and L-Glu in YE affected its binding to off-odor compounds.This study elucidated the bidirectional modulation effects and mechanism of YE on modifying off-odors binding capacity and revealed key role of charged amino acids in YE,offering a clean-label tool for off-odor control in surimi processing.展开更多
Gastrodia elata Blume is a nutritious ingredient with high edible value.However,its distinctive odor,"horse urine-like off-odor",has limited its applications.The potential unpleasant odorants presenting a ho...Gastrodia elata Blume is a nutritious ingredient with high edible value.However,its distinctive odor,"horse urine-like off-odor",has limited its applications.The potential unpleasant odorants presenting a horse urine-like off-odor in G.elata was investigated by GC-MS-O.Two G.elata samples,one cultivated in Yichang(YC,with horse urine-like off-odor)and the other one cultivated in Yingshan(YS,without off-odor),were used for chemical analysis and sensory evaluation.The identification of compounds responsible for the odor differences between YC and YS provided the basis for determining key odorants that contribute to horse urine-like off-odor.In the GC-O analysis,37 aroma compounds were identified in YC while 32 in YS.Aroma recombination and omission tests proved that ten compounds(including pentanal,benzeneacetic acid,benzaldehyde,2,3-butanedione,acetoin,acetic acid,hexanoic acid,p-cresol,m-cresol,and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol)were the main contributors to the horse urine-like off-odor.The pathways of off-odor formation in G.elata were elucidated.Our results provide insights into the formation of horse urine-like off-odor in G.elata.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(10475025).
文摘The main compounds of off-odor volatiles from irradiated refrigerated vacuum-packaged pork were ana- lyzed by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC-MS).The analytical results showed that the main compounds of off-odor volatiles were dimethyl disulfide,dimethyl sulfide,dimethyl trisulfide,S-methyl thioacetate,and methanethiol.It was proved that the off-odor volatile came from irradiated S-containing amino acid and thiamin.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31601434)Key Research and Development Projects in Agricultural and Rural Areas of Hubei Province(2022BBA0024)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center of Hubei Province(2021-620-000-001-031).
文摘Horse urine-like off-odor of Gastrodia elata(G.elata)decreased consumer acceptance.We investigated the effects of solid-state fermentation with Schizophyllum commune(CGMCC 5.84)on the odor in G.elata.The horse urinelike off-odor of G.elata was removed after fermentation.The total concentration of the key off-odorants(acetoin,m-cresol,3-ethylphenol,2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol,decanal and p-cresol),which might contribute to the horse urine-like off-odor of G.elata.,decreased from 616.83μg/kg to 254.09μg/kg after fermentation.Pleasant aroma compounds,such as acetophenone,3-octanol,1-octen-3-ol,decanol and phenylethanol,were produced after fermentation.Volatomics combined with non-targeted metabolomics explored the potential mechanisms of removing the off-odor in G.elata.Several involved metabolic processes such as glycolysis,butyrate metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,phenylpropane biosynthesis,linoleic acid degradation,toluene metabolism and ethylbenzene metabolism were identified.Our results suggested a practical method for controlling off-odorants in G.elata.
基金supported by National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFD2100105)School-Enterprise Cooperation Project(2023-4201-13-000901).
文摘Controlling off-odor is crucial for improving the sensory quality and consumer acceptance of surimi products.In this study,yeast extract(YE)was innovatively applied to regulate/control off-odor release in surimi products.The changes in structure and off-odor binding capacity of myofibrillar protein(MP)with 0%-2%YE were monitored during two-stage heating.Notably,MP structural changes in MP induced by YE affected its binding capacity to off-odors,showing a bidirectional regulating effect,i.e.,an enhanced capacity at low addition(0.5%),whereas a weakened capacity at high addition(2%).The low YE addition promoted protein unfolding to increase binding sites number and reinforce binding forces(hydrophobic interactions,electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds)between MP and off-odors,thus inhibiting release of off-odors.Whereas,excessive YE causes its own aroma compounds to compete with off-odor compounds for binding sites on MP,thus contributing to release off-odors during processing procedure.Molecular dynamics simulations illustrated that L-Arg in YE engaged acidic amino acid residues on MHC in MP through electrostatic interactions,while L-Glu abundant in YE interacted with Arg,Tyr,and Ala residues on MHC via electrostatic,ion-dipole,and hydrogen bonding,thereby inducing structure-function shifts on MP.Molecular docking further revealed that MHC structure change induced by L-Arg and L-Glu in YE affected its binding to off-odor compounds.This study elucidated the bidirectional modulation effects and mechanism of YE on modifying off-odors binding capacity and revealed key role of charged amino acids in YE,offering a clean-label tool for off-odor control in surimi processing.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31601434)Key Research and Development Projects in Agricultural and Rural Areas of Hubei Province(2022BBA0024)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center of Hubei Province(2021-620-000-001-031).
文摘Gastrodia elata Blume is a nutritious ingredient with high edible value.However,its distinctive odor,"horse urine-like off-odor",has limited its applications.The potential unpleasant odorants presenting a horse urine-like off-odor in G.elata was investigated by GC-MS-O.Two G.elata samples,one cultivated in Yichang(YC,with horse urine-like off-odor)and the other one cultivated in Yingshan(YS,without off-odor),were used for chemical analysis and sensory evaluation.The identification of compounds responsible for the odor differences between YC and YS provided the basis for determining key odorants that contribute to horse urine-like off-odor.In the GC-O analysis,37 aroma compounds were identified in YC while 32 in YS.Aroma recombination and omission tests proved that ten compounds(including pentanal,benzeneacetic acid,benzaldehyde,2,3-butanedione,acetoin,acetic acid,hexanoic acid,p-cresol,m-cresol,and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol)were the main contributors to the horse urine-like off-odor.The pathways of off-odor formation in G.elata were elucidated.Our results provide insights into the formation of horse urine-like off-odor in G.elata.
