1.Introduction Mobile communications have catalyzed a new era of informa-tion technology revolution,significantly broadening and deepen-ing human-to-human,human-to-machine,and machine-to-machine connections.With their...1.Introduction Mobile communications have catalyzed a new era of informa-tion technology revolution,significantly broadening and deepen-ing human-to-human,human-to-machine,and machine-to-machine connections.With their incredible speed of development and wide-reaching impact,mobile communications serve as the cornerstone of the Internet of Everything,profoundly reshaping human cognitive abilities and ways of thinking.Furthermore,mobile communications are altering the patterns of production and life,driving leaps in productivity quality,and strongly promot-ing innovation within human civilization.展开更多
Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BC...Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.展开更多
Treatment of terminal system is mainly through the interface communication protocol for treatment planningsystem to achieve the control of various kinds of medical equipments, including primary collimator, range shift...Treatment of terminal system is mainly through the interface communication protocol for treatment planningsystem to achieve the control of various kinds of medical equipments, including primary collimator, range shifter,scatterer, ridge type filter, multi-leaf collimator, etc. TPS was based on the radioactive source and the patientmodeling to simulate the plan implementation of radiotherapy. The basic structure of block diagram is shown inFig. 1.展开更多
Using multimedia writing tools ‘Author ware＇ for Windows 3.0b18, and making a multimedia interface for a simple interface generated by FoxPro 2.5B, mainly to solve how to connect an interface with Author ware and Fo...Using multimedia writing tools ‘Author ware＇ for Windows 3.0b18, and making a multimedia interface for a simple interface generated by FoxPro 2.5B, mainly to solve how to connect an interface with Author ware and FoxPro database, namely the communication problem between two separate programs under the Windows environment and to generate the multimedia interface which is consistent with the status and requests for the management information system, namely the problem that how to establish multimedia interface design.展开更多
The development of brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)has established a new communication channel between the brain and external devices for information transmission that requires no muscular signals[1].BCIs have been pre...The development of brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)has established a new communication channel between the brain and external devices for information transmission that requires no muscular signals[1].BCIs have been preliminarily studied to improve motor functions in patients with severe motor disabilities,especially lock-in syndrome.At present,the application of BCIs has been extensively validated.展开更多
Object-oriented model possesses inherent concurrency. Integration of concurrency and object-orientation is a promising new field. MPI is a message-passing standard and has been adopted by more and more systems. This p...Object-oriented model possesses inherent concurrency. Integration of concurrency and object-orientation is a promising new field. MPI is a message-passing standard and has been adopted by more and more systems. This paper proposes a novel approach to realize concurrent object-oriented programming based on Message-passing interface(MPI) in which future method communication is adopted between concurrent objects. A state behavior set is proposed to solve inheritance anomaly, and a bounded buffer is taken as an example to illustrate this proposal. The definition of ParaMPI class, which is the most important class in the concurrent class library, and implementation issues are briefly described.展开更多
A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a...A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a model of culturally influenced HCI. Cultural influence on HCI is described using cultural variables for user interface design. Assumptions and empirical results regarding the influence of culture on HCI, considering the path of the information processing and the interaction style between Chinese and German users are explained based on cultural models. Subsequent indicators represent the relationship between culture and HCI (culturally imprinted by the user). Correlations adopted theoretically between cultural dimensions and variables for HCI design were investigated. These correlations represent relevant constituents of a model for culturally influenced HCI. Considerations applying this model and evidence for the proper application of the IUID method-mix are presented elucidating why and how cultural aspects play a role in HCI design and usability/UX engineering. The IUID method-mix serves to inspire HCI engineers in the requirement analysis phase as well as HCI designers in the design phase. The readers are thereby sensitized to the challenges of intercultural usability/UX engineering and intercultural HCI design and will be equipped with methodological knowledge relevant to the derivation of design recommendations for user interface design for and in their desired cultural contexts. Finally, implications for practitioners are shown, including HCI style scores and practical design recommendations, to prognosticate the effort and the expenditures for considering the cultural context in IUID.展开更多
Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)have the potential to restore communication for people who have lost the ability to speak owing to a neurological disease or injury.BCIs have been used to translate the neural correlates...Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)have the potential to restore communication for people who have lost the ability to speak owing to a neurological disease or injury.BCIs have been used to translate the neural correlates of attempted speech into text1-3.However,text communication fails to capture the nuances of human speech,such as prosody and immediately hearing one's own voice.展开更多
Terminals and their access represent a vulnerable aspect in the security framework of 5G-railway(5G-R)system.To enhance the control of 5G-R terminals and their access to applications,this paper analyzes the applicatio...Terminals and their access represent a vulnerable aspect in the security framework of 5G-railway(5G-R)system.To enhance the control of 5G-R terminals and their access to applications,this paper analyzes the application scenarios,operational modes,services supported by 5G-R terminals,and the data paths between these terminals and the connected railway application service systems.Further analysis concentrates on the security risks posed by the characteristics of intelligent 5G-R handheld terminals,lightweight Internet of Things(IoT)communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless transmission equipment with public-private convergence.In light of the risks above,this paper presents the terminal security control requirements.Furthermore,based on the planned architecture of the 5G-R system and security technologies such as terminal identity authentication and behavior auditing,the paper proposes a solution package for the 5G-R terminal security control system,including the overall architecture,functional implementation,and interface configuration.These solutions aim to achieve unified control over the admission and access of 5G-R handheld terminals,IoT communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless communication equipment to railway application systems.Additionally,they enable the security control and analysis of terminal behaviors and application data,facilitate the security management of terminals,and ensure the secure release,download,and installation of mobile applications.展开更多
This paper mainly introduces a model of the Object-Oriented User Interface Gen-eration Tool (OOUIGT) and describes the procedure of the implementation. The oOUIGT (FasTool) has been implemented on SGI workstation. Thi...This paper mainly introduces a model of the Object-Oriented User Interface Gen-eration Tool (OOUIGT) and describes the procedure of the implementation. The oOUIGT (FasTool) has been implemented on SGI workstation. This enables the UI designing not to be a lower level programming procedure, but to be a higher level description procedure which is formal,convenient, comprehensive and fast.展开更多
Studies of robots which aim to entertain and to be conversational partners of the live-alone become very important. The robots are classified into DBC (Dialogue-Based Communication) robots and TBC (Touch-Based Communi...Studies of robots which aim to entertain and to be conversational partners of the live-alone become very important. The robots are classified into DBC (Dialogue-Based Communication) robots and TBC (Touch-Based Communication) robots. DBC robots have an effect to be conversational partners. A typical application of TBC robots is Paro (a baby harp seal robot) which has an effect to entertain humans. The combination of DBC and TBC will be able to achieve both a conversational ability and an entertaining effect, but there is no study of combination of DBC and TBC. This paper proposes a response algorithm that can combine conversational information and touch information from humans. Criterions for estimation are defined as follows: FFV (Familiarity Factor Value), EFV (Enjoyment Factor Value), CR (Concentration Rate), ER (Expression Rate), and RR (Recognition Rate). FFV and EFV are total ratings for questionnaire related to familiarity and enjoyment factors, respectively. CR measures attention for humans. ER is the interest of communication with robots by representing Level 2 (laugh with opening one’s mouse), Level 1 (smile), and Level 0 (expressionless). RR is recognition ability for voices and touch actions. From the experiment for impressions of robot responses with 11 subjects, it turns out that the proposed method with combination of DBC and TBC is improved by 20.7 points in FFV, and by 12.6 points in EFV compared to only TBC. From the robot communication experiment, it turns out that the proposed method is improved by 8 points in the ER, by 5.3 points in the ER with Level 2, and by 24.5 points in the RR compared to only DBC.展开更多
Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field that promises to revolutionize our understanding of and interaction with the brain,particularly in neurorestoration.BCIs enable dir...Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field that promises to revolutionize our understanding of and interaction with the brain,particularly in neurorestoration.BCIs enable direct communication between the brain and external devices,bypassing traditional pathways involving peripheral nerves and muscles.BCI technologies can be classified into several categories based on the mode of signal acquisition,with respect to both clinical and engineering aspects.1 This editorial explores the potential applications of various BCI technologies in neurorestoration,drawing insights from recent advances.展开更多
the world is experiencing a strong rush towards modern technology, while specialized companies are living a terrible rush in the information technology towards the so-called Internet of things IoT or Internet of objec...the world is experiencing a strong rush towards modern technology, while specialized companies are living a terrible rush in the information technology towards the so-called Internet of things IoT or Internet of objects,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">which is the integration of things with the world of Internet, by adding hardware or/and software to be smart and so be able to communicate with each other and participate effectively in all aspects of daily life,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">so enabling new forms of communication between people and things, and between things themselves, that’s will change the traditional life into a high style of living. But it won’t be easy, because there are still many challenges an</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> issues that need to be addressed and have to be viewed from various aspects to realize </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">their</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> full potential. The main objective of this review paper will provide the reader with a detailed discussion from a technological and social perspective. The various IoT challenges and issues, definition and architecture were discussed. Furthermore, a description of several sensors and actuators and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">their</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> smart communication. Also, the most important application areas of IoT were presented. This work will help readers and researchers understand the IoT and its potential application in the real world.展开更多
A flexible and extendible control mechanism for invoking services is required for taking full advantage of the potential B--ISDN services. In this paper, a flexible specification of signaling protocol based on an obje...A flexible and extendible control mechanism for invoking services is required for taking full advantage of the potential B--ISDN services. In this paper, a flexible specification of signaling protocol based on an object-oriented call mode is proposed. The article’focuses on the protocol’s message syntax, message flow model, and applicability for defining multimedia and multiparty services.’展开更多
In an optoelectronic 2-D programmable neural network system, optical data need to be transferred and feedback with high speed. This paper presents the design and implementation of the interface circuit and its software.
Interface automata are one of the prominent formalisms for specifying interface behaviors of componentbased systems. However, only one-to-one communication is allowed in the composition of interface automata. This pap...Interface automata are one of the prominent formalisms for specifying interface behaviors of componentbased systems. However, only one-to-one communication is allowed in the composition of interface automata. This paper presents multicast interface automata which generalize the classic interface automata and accommodate multicast communication mechanism. The multicast interface automata endorse both bottom-up and top-down design methodologies. Theoretical results on compatibility and refinement are established for incremental design and independent implementability.展开更多
Considering the air-water interface and ocean water’s optical attenuation,the performance of quantum key distribution(QKD)based on air-water channel is studied.The effects of photons’various incident angles to air-w...Considering the air-water interface and ocean water’s optical attenuation,the performance of quantum key distribution(QKD)based on air-water channel is studied.The effects of photons’various incident angles to air-water interface on quantum bit error rate(QBER)and the maximum secure transmission distance are analyzed.Taking the optical attenuation of ocean water into account,the performance bounds of QKD in different types of ocean water are discussed.The simulation results show that the maximum secure transmission distance of QKD gradually reduces as the incident angle from air to ocean water increases.In the clearest ocean water with the lowest attenuation,the maximum secure transmission distance of photons far exceeds the the working depth of underwater vehicles.In intermediate and murky ocean waters with higher attenuation,the secure transmission distance shortens,but the underwater vehicle can deploy other accessorial methods for QKD with perfect security.So the implementation of OKD between the satellite and the underwater vehicle is feasible.展开更多
A Smart resistance thermometer sensor is designed to overcome the shortages of the traditional ones, and Con-form to the world development trend of the sensor market.According to the constitutions of this Smart sensor...A Smart resistance thermometer sensor is designed to overcome the shortages of the traditional ones, and Con-form to the world development trend of the sensor market.According to the constitutions of this Smart sensor and its application coverage,those parts with good -application and low-cost were chosen to constitute this sensor on the basis of full consideration of the linkage among every part.The whole testing system were controlled and processed by C8051F350 single-chip,it could measure precise temperature by PT100 resistance thermometer and circumstance temperature for temperature compensating automatically and simultane-ously,it also could amplify signals to convert analog signals to digital ones,and display results automatically by analysing and processing information.Furthermore,it could auto-compensate self-check,and spot communicate.展开更多
The electric wheelchair is an effective machine for people with lower limb disability. The user controls the wheelchair by a joystick that helps the user to navigate the wheelchair along the desired path. Suppose the ...The electric wheelchair is an effective machine for people with lower limb disability. The user controls the wheelchair by a joystick that helps the user to navigate the wheelchair along the desired path. Suppose the user on the wheelchair wants to operate the computer for his jobs or enjoyment, it is preferable for the user to be able to operate the computer without transferring from the wheelchair to a computer desk. Of course, some computer input devices are available for wheelchairs. One reasonable idea is to use the familiar joystick on the wheelchair as a computer input device. In this paper a joystick controller is proposed, which enables the user on the wheelchair to operate the computer settled on a nearby table. The proposed joystick controller can be achieved by mounting the sensor unit on the joystick without any modification of the conventional wheelchair controller. The principle of the sensing unit is to measure the inclination angle and the direction of the joystick with an acceleration and gyro sensor. Then the sensing unit sends the control data to the computer via an infrared or wireless signal. This proposal is based on a request done by the wheelchair users.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Develop-ment Program of China(2019YFB1803400).
文摘1.Introduction Mobile communications have catalyzed a new era of informa-tion technology revolution,significantly broadening and deepen-ing human-to-human,human-to-machine,and machine-to-machine connections.With their incredible speed of development and wide-reaching impact,mobile communications serve as the cornerstone of the Internet of Everything,profoundly reshaping human cognitive abilities and ways of thinking.Furthermore,mobile communications are altering the patterns of production and life,driving leaps in productivity quality,and strongly promot-ing innovation within human civilization.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF1200602)the National Science Fund for Excellent Overseas Scholars(0401260011)+3 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences(c02022088)the Tianjin Science and Technology Program(20JCZDJC00810)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202798)the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1404200).
文摘Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.
文摘Treatment of terminal system is mainly through the interface communication protocol for treatment planningsystem to achieve the control of various kinds of medical equipments, including primary collimator, range shifter,scatterer, ridge type filter, multi-leaf collimator, etc. TPS was based on the radioactive source and the patientmodeling to simulate the plan implementation of radiotherapy. The basic structure of block diagram is shown inFig. 1.
文摘Using multimedia writing tools ‘Author ware＇ for Windows 3.0b18, and making a multimedia interface for a simple interface generated by FoxPro 2.5B, mainly to solve how to connect an interface with Author ware and FoxPro database, namely the communication problem between two separate programs under the Windows environment and to generate the multimedia interface which is consistent with the status and requests for the management information system, namely the problem that how to establish multimedia interface design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81600919)the Beijing Nova Program(Z181100006218050).
文摘The development of brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)has established a new communication channel between the brain and external devices for information transmission that requires no muscular signals[1].BCIs have been preliminarily studied to improve motor functions in patients with severe motor disabilities,especially lock-in syndrome.At present,the application of BCIs has been extensively validated.
文摘Object-oriented model possesses inherent concurrency. Integration of concurrency and object-orientation is a promising new field. MPI is a message-passing standard and has been adopted by more and more systems. This paper proposes a novel approach to realize concurrent object-oriented programming based on Message-passing interface(MPI) in which future method communication is adopted between concurrent objects. A state behavior set is proposed to solve inheritance anomaly, and a bounded buffer is taken as an example to illustrate this proposal. The definition of ParaMPI class, which is the most important class in the concurrent class library, and implementation issues are briefly described.
文摘A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a model of culturally influenced HCI. Cultural influence on HCI is described using cultural variables for user interface design. Assumptions and empirical results regarding the influence of culture on HCI, considering the path of the information processing and the interaction style between Chinese and German users are explained based on cultural models. Subsequent indicators represent the relationship between culture and HCI (culturally imprinted by the user). Correlations adopted theoretically between cultural dimensions and variables for HCI design were investigated. These correlations represent relevant constituents of a model for culturally influenced HCI. Considerations applying this model and evidence for the proper application of the IUID method-mix are presented elucidating why and how cultural aspects play a role in HCI design and usability/UX engineering. The IUID method-mix serves to inspire HCI engineers in the requirement analysis phase as well as HCI designers in the design phase. The readers are thereby sensitized to the challenges of intercultural usability/UX engineering and intercultural HCI design and will be equipped with methodological knowledge relevant to the derivation of design recommendations for user interface design for and in their desired cultural contexts. Finally, implications for practitioners are shown, including HCI style scores and practical design recommendations, to prognosticate the effort and the expenditures for considering the cultural context in IUID.
文摘Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)have the potential to restore communication for people who have lost the ability to speak owing to a neurological disease or injury.BCIs have been used to translate the neural correlates of attempted speech into text1-3.However,text communication fails to capture the nuances of human speech,such as prosody and immediately hearing one's own voice.
文摘Terminals and their access represent a vulnerable aspect in the security framework of 5G-railway(5G-R)system.To enhance the control of 5G-R terminals and their access to applications,this paper analyzes the application scenarios,operational modes,services supported by 5G-R terminals,and the data paths between these terminals and the connected railway application service systems.Further analysis concentrates on the security risks posed by the characteristics of intelligent 5G-R handheld terminals,lightweight Internet of Things(IoT)communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless transmission equipment with public-private convergence.In light of the risks above,this paper presents the terminal security control requirements.Furthermore,based on the planned architecture of the 5G-R system and security technologies such as terminal identity authentication and behavior auditing,the paper proposes a solution package for the 5G-R terminal security control system,including the overall architecture,functional implementation,and interface configuration.These solutions aim to achieve unified control over the admission and access of 5G-R handheld terminals,IoT communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless communication equipment to railway application systems.Additionally,they enable the security control and analysis of terminal behaviors and application data,facilitate the security management of terminals,and ensure the secure release,download,and installation of mobile applications.
文摘This paper mainly introduces a model of the Object-Oriented User Interface Gen-eration Tool (OOUIGT) and describes the procedure of the implementation. The oOUIGT (FasTool) has been implemented on SGI workstation. This enables the UI designing not to be a lower level programming procedure, but to be a higher level description procedure which is formal,convenient, comprehensive and fast.
文摘Studies of robots which aim to entertain and to be conversational partners of the live-alone become very important. The robots are classified into DBC (Dialogue-Based Communication) robots and TBC (Touch-Based Communication) robots. DBC robots have an effect to be conversational partners. A typical application of TBC robots is Paro (a baby harp seal robot) which has an effect to entertain humans. The combination of DBC and TBC will be able to achieve both a conversational ability and an entertaining effect, but there is no study of combination of DBC and TBC. This paper proposes a response algorithm that can combine conversational information and touch information from humans. Criterions for estimation are defined as follows: FFV (Familiarity Factor Value), EFV (Enjoyment Factor Value), CR (Concentration Rate), ER (Expression Rate), and RR (Recognition Rate). FFV and EFV are total ratings for questionnaire related to familiarity and enjoyment factors, respectively. CR measures attention for humans. ER is the interest of communication with robots by representing Level 2 (laugh with opening one’s mouse), Level 1 (smile), and Level 0 (expressionless). RR is recognition ability for voices and touch actions. From the experiment for impressions of robot responses with 11 subjects, it turns out that the proposed method with combination of DBC and TBC is improved by 20.7 points in FFV, and by 12.6 points in EFV compared to only TBC. From the robot communication experiment, it turns out that the proposed method is improved by 8 points in the ER, by 5.3 points in the ER with Level 2, and by 24.5 points in the RR compared to only DBC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2241208,62171473,61671424)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3602803,2023YFF1205300)Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia(2023BEG02063).
文摘Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field that promises to revolutionize our understanding of and interaction with the brain,particularly in neurorestoration.BCIs enable direct communication between the brain and external devices,bypassing traditional pathways involving peripheral nerves and muscles.BCI technologies can be classified into several categories based on the mode of signal acquisition,with respect to both clinical and engineering aspects.1 This editorial explores the potential applications of various BCI technologies in neurorestoration,drawing insights from recent advances.
文摘the world is experiencing a strong rush towards modern technology, while specialized companies are living a terrible rush in the information technology towards the so-called Internet of things IoT or Internet of objects,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">which is the integration of things with the world of Internet, by adding hardware or/and software to be smart and so be able to communicate with each other and participate effectively in all aspects of daily life,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">so enabling new forms of communication between people and things, and between things themselves, that’s will change the traditional life into a high style of living. But it won’t be easy, because there are still many challenges an</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> issues that need to be addressed and have to be viewed from various aspects to realize </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">their</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> full potential. The main objective of this review paper will provide the reader with a detailed discussion from a technological and social perspective. The various IoT challenges and issues, definition and architecture were discussed. Furthermore, a description of several sensors and actuators and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">their</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> smart communication. Also, the most important application areas of IoT were presented. This work will help readers and researchers understand the IoT and its potential application in the real world.
文摘A flexible and extendible control mechanism for invoking services is required for taking full advantage of the potential B--ISDN services. In this paper, a flexible specification of signaling protocol based on an object-oriented call mode is proposed. The article’focuses on the protocol’s message syntax, message flow model, and applicability for defining multimedia and multiparty services.’
基金Supported by the National High Technology programme of Chinathe Climbing Programme National Key Project for Fundamental Research in China,Grant NSC 92097
文摘In an optoelectronic 2-D programmable neural network system, optical data need to be transferred and feedback with high speed. This paper presents the design and implementation of the interface circuit and its software.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese National 973 Plan （2010CB328003）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 61272001, 60903030, 91218302）, the Chinese National Key Technology R＆D Program （SQ2012BAJY4052）, the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions （YETP0167）, and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.
文摘Interface automata are one of the prominent formalisms for specifying interface behaviors of componentbased systems. However, only one-to-one communication is allowed in the composition of interface automata. This paper presents multicast interface automata which generalize the classic interface automata and accommodate multicast communication mechanism. The multicast interface automata endorse both bottom-up and top-down design methodologies. Theoretical results on compatibility and refinement are established for incremental design and independent implementability.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2011AA7014061)
文摘Considering the air-water interface and ocean water’s optical attenuation,the performance of quantum key distribution(QKD)based on air-water channel is studied.The effects of photons’various incident angles to air-water interface on quantum bit error rate(QBER)and the maximum secure transmission distance are analyzed.Taking the optical attenuation of ocean water into account,the performance bounds of QKD in different types of ocean water are discussed.The simulation results show that the maximum secure transmission distance of QKD gradually reduces as the incident angle from air to ocean water increases.In the clearest ocean water with the lowest attenuation,the maximum secure transmission distance of photons far exceeds the the working depth of underwater vehicles.In intermediate and murky ocean waters with higher attenuation,the secure transmission distance shortens,but the underwater vehicle can deploy other accessorial methods for QKD with perfect security.So the implementation of OKD between the satellite and the underwater vehicle is feasible.
文摘A Smart resistance thermometer sensor is designed to overcome the shortages of the traditional ones, and Con-form to the world development trend of the sensor market.According to the constitutions of this Smart sensor and its application coverage,those parts with good -application and low-cost were chosen to constitute this sensor on the basis of full consideration of the linkage among every part.The whole testing system were controlled and processed by C8051F350 single-chip,it could measure precise temperature by PT100 resistance thermometer and circumstance temperature for temperature compensating automatically and simultane-ously,it also could amplify signals to convert analog signals to digital ones,and display results automatically by analysing and processing information.Furthermore,it could auto-compensate self-check,and spot communicate.
文摘The electric wheelchair is an effective machine for people with lower limb disability. The user controls the wheelchair by a joystick that helps the user to navigate the wheelchair along the desired path. Suppose the user on the wheelchair wants to operate the computer for his jobs or enjoyment, it is preferable for the user to be able to operate the computer without transferring from the wheelchair to a computer desk. Of course, some computer input devices are available for wheelchairs. One reasonable idea is to use the familiar joystick on the wheelchair as a computer input device. In this paper a joystick controller is proposed, which enables the user on the wheelchair to operate the computer settled on a nearby table. The proposed joystick controller can be achieved by mounting the sensor unit on the joystick without any modification of the conventional wheelchair controller. The principle of the sensing unit is to measure the inclination angle and the direction of the joystick with an acceleration and gyro sensor. Then the sensing unit sends the control data to the computer via an infrared or wireless signal. This proposal is based on a request done by the wheelchair users.
