NiO/SDC composites and Ni/SDC cermets for solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） anode applications were prepared from nickel oxide （NiO） and samada doped ceria （SDC） powders by the powder metallurgy process. The physical...NiO/SDC composites and Ni/SDC cermets for solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） anode applications were prepared from nickel oxide （NiO） and samada doped ceria （SDC） powders by the powder metallurgy process. The physical and mechanical properties, as well as the microstructure of the NiO/SDC composites and the Ni/SDC cermets were investigated. It is shown that the sintedng temperature of the NiO/SDC composites and NiO content plays an important role in determining the microstructure and properties of the NiO/SDC composites, which, in turn, influences the microstructure, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of the Ni/SDC cermets. The present study demonstrated that composition and tprocess parameters must be appropriately selected to optimize the microstructure and the properties of NiO/SDC materials for solid oxide fuel cell applications.展开更多
Ni-based anodes of SOFCs are susceptible to coking, which greatly limits practical application of direct methane-based fuels. An indirect internal reformer is an effective way to convert methane-based fuels into synga...Ni-based anodes of SOFCs are susceptible to coking, which greatly limits practical application of direct methane-based fuels. An indirect internal reformer is an effective way to convert methane-based fuels into syngas before they reach anode. In this work, catalytic activity of a redox-stable perovskite La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.8Fe0.2O3-δ(LSCrFO) for methane conversion was evaluated. The catalyst was fabricated as an anodic protective layer to improve coking resistance of a Ni cermet anode. Using wet CH4 as a fuel, the LSCrFO-modified cell showed excellent power output and good coking resistance with peak power density of 1.59 W cm-2 at 800℃. The cell demonstrated good durability lasting for at least 100 h. While the bare cell without the protective layer showed poor durability with the cell voltage fast dropped from 0.75 V to 0.4 V within 30 min. Under wet coal bed methane (CBM) operation, obvious performance degradation within 35 h (1.7 mV h^-1) was observed due to the influence of heavy carbon compounds in CBM. The pre-and post-mortem microstructures and carbon analysis of the anode surface and catalyst surface were further conducted.展开更多
Lithium metal,as the most ideal anode material for high energy density batteries,has been researched for several decades.However,the dendrite formation and large volume change during repetitive lithium plating/strippi...Lithium metal,as the most ideal anode material for high energy density batteries,has been researched for several decades.However,the dendrite formation and large volume change during repetitive lithium plating/stripping lead to a serious safety issue and impede the practical application of lithium metal anode.Herein,a nanoporous Ni foam current collector with high surface area and surface flaws is constructed via a facile oxidation-reduction method.The inherent macropore structure of Ni foam can partly accommodate the volume variation during Li plating/stripping.The well-distributed nanopores on the skeleton of Ni foam can effectively reduce the local current density,regulate the uniform lithium nucleation and deposition with homogenous distribution of Li^(+) flux.Moreover,the surface flaws induce the formation of ring Li structures at initial nucleation/deposition processes and concave Li metal spontaneously formed based on the ring Li structures during cycling,which can direct the even Li plating/stripping.Therefore,highly stable Coulombic efficiency is achieved at 1 mA cm^(-2) for 200 cycles.The symmetrical cell,based on the nanoporous Ni foam current collector,presents long lifespans of 1200 and 700 h respectively at different current densities of 0.5 and 1 mA cm^(-2) without short circuit.In addition,the LiFePO4 full cell,with the Li metal anode based on the nanoporous Ni foam current collector,shows excellent cycling performance at 1 C for 300 cycles and rate performance.展开更多
The effect of temperature on the characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with TiN and Ni anodes is evaluated. With increasing the temperature from 25 to 175℃, reduction of the turn-on ...The effect of temperature on the characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with TiN and Ni anodes is evaluated. With increasing the temperature from 25 to 175℃, reduction of the turn-on voltage and increase of the leakage current are observed for both GaN SBDs with TiN and Ni anodes. The performance after thermal treatment shows much better stability for SBDs with Ti N anode, while those with Ni anode change due to more interface states. It is found that the leakage currents of the GaN SBDs with TiN anode are in accord with the thermionic emission model whereas those of the GaN SBDs with Ni anode are much higher than the model. The Silvaco TCAD simulation results show that phonon-assisted tunneling caused by interface states may lead to the instability of electrical properties after thermal treatment, which dominates the leakage currents for GaN SBDs with Ni anode. Compared with GaN SBDs with Ni anode, GaN SBDs with TiN anode are beneficial to the application in microwave power rectification fields due to lower turn-on voltage and better thermal stability.展开更多
Building three-dimensional(3D) current collectors is a promising strategy to surmount the bottlenecks of lithium metal anodes(LMAs), but the regulation methodology of a 3D current collector has seldom been considered ...Building three-dimensional(3D) current collectors is a promising strategy to surmount the bottlenecks of lithium metal anodes(LMAs), but the regulation methodology of a 3D current collector has seldom been considered comprehensively concerning both skeleton architectures and surface coatings. Herein, a robust porous 3D nickel skeleton(NS) with lithiophilic NiN nanocoatings(NiN@NS) is synthesized via an integrative route of powder metallurgy/plasma-enhanced nitridation technics. The facile powder metallurgical method facilitates the adjustment of NS architectures toward sufficient electrolyte adsorption and even current density distribution, while the followed plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD) method can induce compact NiN nanocoatings on NS, which reduces the Li nucleation overpotential, accelerates the Li-ion transfer, and facilitates a highly reversible oriented texture of Li deposition morphology owing to the dense and homogenous deposition of Li into the pores. The optimized NiN@NS current collector shows a high averaged Coulombic efficiency(CE) of 98.8% over 350cycles, a prolonged lifespan of 1000 h(at 2 mA cm^(-2)) in symmetrical cells, together with the significant performance in full cells. The ingenious methodology reported in this work can also be broadly applicable for the controllable production of other 3D skeletons with nitride nanocoatings for various applications.展开更多
Nickel anode was investigated as a potential anode of aluminium electrowinning for preparation of Al-Ni master alloys. The electrolysis tests were carried out in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 based melts at 940 ℃. The results show t...Nickel anode was investigated as a potential anode of aluminium electrowinning for preparation of Al-Ni master alloys. The electrolysis tests were carried out in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 based melts at 940 ℃. The results show that the cell voltage during electrolysis has only minor instability,and there exists NiO phase in electrolyte after 0.5 h electrolysis. Ni content in Al-Ni master alloys increases with increasing the electrolysis time. Concentration limit of Ni in Al-Ni master alloys can be up to 33.8%(mass fraction). However,substantial corrosion of the Ni-metal substrate is observed,and the oxide scale on the nickel anode after electrolysis is porous and loose that does not prevent corrosion of the substrate.展开更多
Zinc is common metal used for steel protection from corrosion.The addition of further element,such as Ni,can modify the corrosion rate and maintain sacrificial protection.The anodic dissolution behavior of Zn,Ni and Z...Zinc is common metal used for steel protection from corrosion.The addition of further element,such as Ni,can modify the corrosion rate and maintain sacrificial protection.The anodic dissolution behavior of Zn,Ni and Zn-Ni alloys with different Ni contents（from 0.5% to 10%,mass fraction） in 3.5% Na Cl solution was investigated using potentiodynamic,potentiostatic and galvanostatic techniques.The composition and microstructure of the corrosion layer on Zn,Ni and Zn-Ni alloys were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis（EDX） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The galvanostatic curves show that the anodic behavior of all investigated electrodes exhibits active/passive transition and the tendency of the alloys to passivity decreases with the increase in Ni content,except for 99.5Zn-0.5Ni alloy.While the potentiodynamic curves exhibit active passive transition only for pure Zn.Surface analysis reveals the presence of oxides,chlorides and metal hydroxide chloride in corrosion products,and very small cracks are observed for 90Zn-10 Ni alloy compared with that of Zn.展开更多
Ni_(2)CoS_(4)was prepared by the liquid‑phase method and applied to the benzyl alcohol electro‑oxidation reaction(BAOR),demonstrating excellent catalytic activity[with a current density of 271 mA·cm^(-2)at 1.40 V...Ni_(2)CoS_(4)was prepared by the liquid‑phase method and applied to the benzyl alcohol electro‑oxidation reaction(BAOR),demonstrating excellent catalytic activity[with a current density of 271 mA·cm^(-2)at 1.40 V(vs RHE)]and long‑term stability.The S‑anion effect can regulate the charge distribution on the catalyst surface,thereby enhancing the additional adsorption capacity of OH-at the Co sites.By combining material characterization and theoretical calculations,it can be observed that this process can increase the concentration of the OH^(*)intermediate,accelerate the activation process of the Ni site,and ultimately achieve an improvement in overall activity and stability.展开更多
Pure Ni nanopowders were successfully prepared by the method of anodic arc disch arged plasma with homemade experimental apparatus. The particle size, mircostruc ture and morphology of the particles by this process we...Pure Ni nanopowders were successfully prepared by the method of anodic arc disch arged plasma with homemade experimental apparatus. The particle size, mircostruc ture and morphology of the particles by this process were characterized via X-ra y powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the corre sponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED); The specific surface area an d pore parameters were investigated by multi-point full analysis of nitrogen ads orption-desorption isotherms at 77K by Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) surface are a analyzer; The chemical composition were determined by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (XEDS) equipped in SEM and element analyze instrument. The experime nt results indicate that the samples by this method with high purity,the crystal structure of the particles is as same as the bulk material, is fcc structure, w ith average particle sizes about 47nm, ranging from 20 to 70nm, and distributed uniformly in spherical chain shapes, the specific surface areavis 14.23m2/g, po re volume of pore is 0.09cm3/g and average pore diameter is 23nm.展开更多
Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells(MS-SOFCs)have recently gained significant attention as an advanced SOFC technology,owing to their excellent mechanical robustness,ease of handling,and high manufacturability.The ...Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells(MS-SOFCs)have recently gained significant attention as an advanced SOFC technology,owing to their excellent mechanical robustness,ease of handling,and high manufacturability.The use of metal substrates enables improved durability under thermal and redox cycling,and allows for thinner electrolyte layers,contributing to enhanced performance.However,their fabrication typically requires high-temperature sintering to ensure adequate material properties and adhesion,as most SOFC components are ceramic.These high-temperature processes can lead to undesirable effects,including metal support oxidation,chemical side reactions,and accelerated particle growth,which degrade cell performance.This study introduces an ultra-fast sintering approach for MS-SOFC fabrication by directly integrating stainless-steel metal supports with nickel-yttria-stabilized zirconia(Ni-YSZ)composite anode active layers.The application of flash light sintering-an innovative ultra-fast technique-effectively suppressed Ni catalyst particle growth,expanding the electrochemical reaction area while minimizing material diffusion between the metal support and anode layer.As a result,the fabricated cells achieved a stable open-circuit voltage(OCV)exceeding 1 V at 650℃ and a peak power density of 412 mW/cm^(2),representing an approximately 426.3% performance improvement over conventionally sintered cells.This research presents a transformative strategy for SOFC manufacturing,addressing the challenges of conventional long-duration heat treatments and demonstrating significant potential for advancing energy conversion technologies.展开更多
Ni nanopowders were successfully prepared in large quantities by anodic arc discharged plasma method with homemade experimental apparatus in inert gas. The particle size, microstructure and morphology of the particles...Ni nanopowders were successfully prepared in large quantities by anodic arc discharged plasma method with homemade experimental apparatus in inert gas. The particle size, microstructure and morphology of the particles were characterized via X-ray diffractometry(XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and the corresponding selected area electron diffractometry(SAED). The specific surface area and pore parameters were investigated by nitrogen sorption isotherms at 77 K with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) equation and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method. The chemical compositions were determined by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (XEDS) and element analysis. The experimental results indicate that this method is convenient and effective, and the nanopowders with uniform size, higher purity, weakly agglomerated and spherical chain shape are gotten. The crystal structure of the samples is FCC structure as the bulk materials, the particle size distribution ranges from 20 to 70 nm, and the average particle size is about 46 nm obtained by TEM and confirmed by XRD and BET results. The specific surface area is 14.23 m^2/g, specific pore volume is 0.09 cm^3/g and average pore diameter is 23 nm.展开更多
采用简单的静电纺丝方法制备了Ni/NiO/C负极材料。XRD证明该材料主要由NiO、Ni和无定形碳组成。SEM证明Ni/NiO/C的形貌呈纤维状,纤维的直径为400~500 nm。以Ni/NiO/C为锂电的负极材料,在100 mA g^(-1)的电流密度下,首次充电比容量可达到...采用简单的静电纺丝方法制备了Ni/NiO/C负极材料。XRD证明该材料主要由NiO、Ni和无定形碳组成。SEM证明Ni/NiO/C的形貌呈纤维状,纤维的直径为400~500 nm。以Ni/NiO/C为锂电的负极材料,在100 mA g^(-1)的电流密度下,首次充电比容量可达到586.5 mAh g^(-1),循环50圈后的充电比容量仍可达到453.2 mAh g^(-1),容量保持率为77.27%。展开更多
The Ni, Fe, Co and Cu single and multilayer nanowire arrays to make perpendicular magnetic recording media were fabricated with nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates from Watt solution and additives by the ...The Ni, Fe, Co and Cu single and multilayer nanowire arrays to make perpendicular magnetic recording media were fabricated with nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates from Watt solution and additives by the DC electrodeposition. The results show that the diameters of Ni, Fe, Co and Cu single and multilayer nanowires in AAO templates are 40-80 nm and the lengths are about 30 μm with the aspect ratio of 350-750. The magnetic properties of the prepared nanowires are different under different electrodepositing conditions. The remanences (Br) of Ni/Cu/Fe multilayer nanowires are lower than those of others multilayer nanowires, and coercivity (Hc) of Ni/Cu/Fe multilayer nanowires are lower than those of others multilayer nanowires. These are compatible with the required conditions of high density magnetic media devices that should have the low coercivity to easily success magnetization and high remanence to keep magnetization after removal of magnetic field.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Fundamental Research and Development Program of China (No. G2000026409).
文摘NiO/SDC composites and Ni/SDC cermets for solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） anode applications were prepared from nickel oxide （NiO） and samada doped ceria （SDC） powders by the powder metallurgy process. The physical and mechanical properties, as well as the microstructure of the NiO/SDC composites and the Ni/SDC cermets were investigated. It is shown that the sintedng temperature of the NiO/SDC composites and NiO content plays an important role in determining the microstructure and properties of the NiO/SDC composites, which, in turn, influences the microstructure, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of the Ni/SDC cermets. The present study demonstrated that composition and tprocess parameters must be appropriately selected to optimize the microstructure and the properties of NiO/SDC materials for solid oxide fuel cell applications.
基金supported by the Coal Seam Gas Joint Foundation of Shanxi(2015012016)Shanxi Province Science Foundation(2016011025)+2 种基金Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2016-010)Shanxi “1331 Project” Key Innovative Research Team(“1331KIRT”)the Open Funding from State Key Laboratory of Materialoriented Chemical Engineering(No.KL16-03)
文摘Ni-based anodes of SOFCs are susceptible to coking, which greatly limits practical application of direct methane-based fuels. An indirect internal reformer is an effective way to convert methane-based fuels into syngas before they reach anode. In this work, catalytic activity of a redox-stable perovskite La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.8Fe0.2O3-δ(LSCrFO) for methane conversion was evaluated. The catalyst was fabricated as an anodic protective layer to improve coking resistance of a Ni cermet anode. Using wet CH4 as a fuel, the LSCrFO-modified cell showed excellent power output and good coking resistance with peak power density of 1.59 W cm-2 at 800℃. The cell demonstrated good durability lasting for at least 100 h. While the bare cell without the protective layer showed poor durability with the cell voltage fast dropped from 0.75 V to 0.4 V within 30 min. Under wet coal bed methane (CBM) operation, obvious performance degradation within 35 h (1.7 mV h^-1) was observed due to the influence of heavy carbon compounds in CBM. The pre-and post-mortem microstructures and carbon analysis of the anode surface and catalyst surface were further conducted.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51761135123)the National Key Research&Development Program(2016YFB0303903,2016YFE0201600)。
文摘Lithium metal,as the most ideal anode material for high energy density batteries,has been researched for several decades.However,the dendrite formation and large volume change during repetitive lithium plating/stripping lead to a serious safety issue and impede the practical application of lithium metal anode.Herein,a nanoporous Ni foam current collector with high surface area and surface flaws is constructed via a facile oxidation-reduction method.The inherent macropore structure of Ni foam can partly accommodate the volume variation during Li plating/stripping.The well-distributed nanopores on the skeleton of Ni foam can effectively reduce the local current density,regulate the uniform lithium nucleation and deposition with homogenous distribution of Li^(+) flux.Moreover,the surface flaws induce the formation of ring Li structures at initial nucleation/deposition processes and concave Li metal spontaneously formed based on the ring Li structures during cycling,which can direct the even Li plating/stripping.Therefore,highly stable Coulombic efficiency is achieved at 1 mA cm^(-2) for 200 cycles.The symmetrical cell,based on the nanoporous Ni foam current collector,presents long lifespans of 1200 and 700 h respectively at different current densities of 0.5 and 1 mA cm^(-2) without short circuit.In addition,the LiFePO4 full cell,with the Li metal anode based on the nanoporous Ni foam current collector,shows excellent cycling performance at 1 C for 300 cycles and rate performance.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan under Grant No 2017YFB0403000the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No JB181110
文摘The effect of temperature on the characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with TiN and Ni anodes is evaluated. With increasing the temperature from 25 to 175℃, reduction of the turn-on voltage and increase of the leakage current are observed for both GaN SBDs with TiN and Ni anodes. The performance after thermal treatment shows much better stability for SBDs with Ti N anode, while those with Ni anode change due to more interface states. It is found that the leakage currents of the GaN SBDs with TiN anode are in accord with the thermionic emission model whereas those of the GaN SBDs with Ni anode are much higher than the model. The Silvaco TCAD simulation results show that phonon-assisted tunneling caused by interface states may lead to the instability of electrical properties after thermal treatment, which dominates the leakage currents for GaN SBDs with Ni anode. Compared with GaN SBDs with Ni anode, GaN SBDs with TiN anode are beneficial to the application in microwave power rectification fields due to lower turn-on voltage and better thermal stability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1904216)。
文摘Building three-dimensional(3D) current collectors is a promising strategy to surmount the bottlenecks of lithium metal anodes(LMAs), but the regulation methodology of a 3D current collector has seldom been considered comprehensively concerning both skeleton architectures and surface coatings. Herein, a robust porous 3D nickel skeleton(NS) with lithiophilic NiN nanocoatings(NiN@NS) is synthesized via an integrative route of powder metallurgy/plasma-enhanced nitridation technics. The facile powder metallurgical method facilitates the adjustment of NS architectures toward sufficient electrolyte adsorption and even current density distribution, while the followed plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD) method can induce compact NiN nanocoatings on NS, which reduces the Li nucleation overpotential, accelerates the Li-ion transfer, and facilitates a highly reversible oriented texture of Li deposition morphology owing to the dense and homogenous deposition of Li into the pores. The optimized NiN@NS current collector shows a high averaged Coulombic efficiency(CE) of 98.8% over 350cycles, a prolonged lifespan of 1000 h(at 2 mA cm^(-2)) in symmetrical cells, together with the significant performance in full cells. The ingenious methodology reported in this work can also be broadly applicable for the controllable production of other 3D skeletons with nitride nanocoatings for various applications.
基金Projects (50334030 50304005) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (20041010) supported by Ph.D Fund of Liaoning Province, China
文摘Nickel anode was investigated as a potential anode of aluminium electrowinning for preparation of Al-Ni master alloys. The electrolysis tests were carried out in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 based melts at 940 ℃. The results show that the cell voltage during electrolysis has only minor instability,and there exists NiO phase in electrolyte after 0.5 h electrolysis. Ni content in Al-Ni master alloys increases with increasing the electrolysis time. Concentration limit of Ni in Al-Ni master alloys can be up to 33.8%(mass fraction). However,substantial corrosion of the Ni-metal substrate is observed,and the oxide scale on the nickel anode after electrolysis is porous and loose that does not prevent corrosion of the substrate.
文摘Zinc is common metal used for steel protection from corrosion.The addition of further element,such as Ni,can modify the corrosion rate and maintain sacrificial protection.The anodic dissolution behavior of Zn,Ni and Zn-Ni alloys with different Ni contents（from 0.5% to 10%,mass fraction） in 3.5% Na Cl solution was investigated using potentiodynamic,potentiostatic and galvanostatic techniques.The composition and microstructure of the corrosion layer on Zn,Ni and Zn-Ni alloys were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis（EDX） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The galvanostatic curves show that the anodic behavior of all investigated electrodes exhibits active/passive transition and the tendency of the alloys to passivity decreases with the increase in Ni content,except for 99.5Zn-0.5Ni alloy.While the potentiodynamic curves exhibit active passive transition only for pure Zn.Surface analysis reveals the presence of oxides,chlorides and metal hydroxide chloride in corrosion products,and very small cracks are observed for 90Zn-10 Ni alloy compared with that of Zn.
文摘Ni_(2)CoS_(4)was prepared by the liquid‑phase method and applied to the benzyl alcohol electro‑oxidation reaction(BAOR),demonstrating excellent catalytic activity[with a current density of 271 mA·cm^(-2)at 1.40 V(vs RHE)]and long‑term stability.The S‑anion effect can regulate the charge distribution on the catalyst surface,thereby enhancing the additional adsorption capacity of OH-at the Co sites.By combining material characterization and theoretical calculations,it can be observed that this process can increase the concentration of the OH^(*)intermediate,accelerate the activation process of the Ni site,and ultimately achieve an improvement in overall activity and stability.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China(No.3ZS042-B25-017).
文摘Pure Ni nanopowders were successfully prepared by the method of anodic arc disch arged plasma with homemade experimental apparatus. The particle size, mircostruc ture and morphology of the particles by this process were characterized via X-ra y powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the corre sponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED); The specific surface area an d pore parameters were investigated by multi-point full analysis of nitrogen ads orption-desorption isotherms at 77K by Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) surface are a analyzer; The chemical composition were determined by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (XEDS) equipped in SEM and element analyze instrument. The experime nt results indicate that the samples by this method with high purity,the crystal structure of the particles is as same as the bulk material, is fcc structure, w ith average particle sizes about 47nm, ranging from 20 to 70nm, and distributed uniformly in spherical chain shapes, the specific surface areavis 14.23m2/g, po re volume of pore is 0.09cm3/g and average pore diameter is 23nm.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(RS-2024-00395914)the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy,Republic of Korea(20213030030040 and 20212020800090).
文摘Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells(MS-SOFCs)have recently gained significant attention as an advanced SOFC technology,owing to their excellent mechanical robustness,ease of handling,and high manufacturability.The use of metal substrates enables improved durability under thermal and redox cycling,and allows for thinner electrolyte layers,contributing to enhanced performance.However,their fabrication typically requires high-temperature sintering to ensure adequate material properties and adhesion,as most SOFC components are ceramic.These high-temperature processes can lead to undesirable effects,including metal support oxidation,chemical side reactions,and accelerated particle growth,which degrade cell performance.This study introduces an ultra-fast sintering approach for MS-SOFC fabrication by directly integrating stainless-steel metal supports with nickel-yttria-stabilized zirconia(Ni-YSZ)composite anode active layers.The application of flash light sintering-an innovative ultra-fast technique-effectively suppressed Ni catalyst particle growth,expanding the electrochemical reaction area while minimizing material diffusion between the metal support and anode layer.As a result,the fabricated cells achieved a stable open-circuit voltage(OCV)exceeding 1 V at 650℃ and a peak power density of 412 mW/cm^(2),representing an approximately 426.3% performance improvement over conventionally sintered cells.This research presents a transformative strategy for SOFC manufacturing,addressing the challenges of conventional long-duration heat treatments and demonstrating significant potential for advancing energy conversion technologies.
基金Project(GS012 A52 047) supported by the Bureau of Science & Technology of Gansu Province China
文摘Ni nanopowders were successfully prepared in large quantities by anodic arc discharged plasma method with homemade experimental apparatus in inert gas. The particle size, microstructure and morphology of the particles were characterized via X-ray diffractometry(XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and the corresponding selected area electron diffractometry(SAED). The specific surface area and pore parameters were investigated by nitrogen sorption isotherms at 77 K with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) equation and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method. The chemical compositions were determined by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (XEDS) and element analysis. The experimental results indicate that this method is convenient and effective, and the nanopowders with uniform size, higher purity, weakly agglomerated and spherical chain shape are gotten. The crystal structure of the samples is FCC structure as the bulk materials, the particle size distribution ranges from 20 to 70 nm, and the average particle size is about 46 nm obtained by TEM and confirmed by XRD and BET results. The specific surface area is 14.23 m^2/g, specific pore volume is 0.09 cm^3/g and average pore diameter is 23 nm.
文摘采用简单的静电纺丝方法制备了Ni/NiO/C负极材料。XRD证明该材料主要由NiO、Ni和无定形碳组成。SEM证明Ni/NiO/C的形貌呈纤维状,纤维的直径为400~500 nm。以Ni/NiO/C为锂电的负极材料,在100 mA g^(-1)的电流密度下,首次充电比容量可达到586.5 mAh g^(-1),循环50圈后的充电比容量仍可达到453.2 mAh g^(-1),容量保持率为77.27%。
文摘The Ni, Fe, Co and Cu single and multilayer nanowire arrays to make perpendicular magnetic recording media were fabricated with nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates from Watt solution and additives by the DC electrodeposition. The results show that the diameters of Ni, Fe, Co and Cu single and multilayer nanowires in AAO templates are 40-80 nm and the lengths are about 30 μm with the aspect ratio of 350-750. The magnetic properties of the prepared nanowires are different under different electrodepositing conditions. The remanences (Br) of Ni/Cu/Fe multilayer nanowires are lower than those of others multilayer nanowires, and coercivity (Hc) of Ni/Cu/Fe multilayer nanowires are lower than those of others multilayer nanowires. These are compatible with the required conditions of high density magnetic media devices that should have the low coercivity to easily success magnetization and high remanence to keep magnetization after removal of magnetic field.
