Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical ...Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.展开更多
Under the background of the continuous deepening of engineering education accreditation and the construction of emerging engineering disciplines,a digital platform-assisted teaching model was explored for the teaching...Under the background of the continuous deepening of engineering education accreditation and the construction of emerging engineering disciplines,a digital platform-assisted teaching model was explored for the teaching reform of the molecular biology course to effectively support the achievement of graduation requirements for bioengineering major and enhance the teaching outcomes of the molecular biology course.The teaching reform of this course took the 2022 cohort students majoring in bioengineering in Chengdu University as the practice object.The course evaluation method was improved by integrating digital platforms for process assessment,and real-world research and practical cases were incorporated into digital platforms to enrich teaching resources.Additionally,digital platforms were integrated throughout the entire teaching process(before,during,and after class),reshaping the instructional workflow into"pre-class online self-learning,in-class teacher-student interaction for deepening knowledge internalization,and practical case studies during and after class for strengthening application".The teaching reform results demonstrated that this teaching model significantly improved the attainment of course objectives,providing valuable experience for similar institutions to advance digital course reforms under the framework of engineering education accreditation.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)technology is increasingly used in the field of education,but its application in molecular biology experimental teaching still faces challenges.In order to explore the application prospects ...Artificial intelligence(AI)technology is increasingly used in the field of education,but its application in molecular biology experimental teaching still faces challenges.In order to explore the application prospects of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,this paper discusses the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,focusing on the construction and application of virtual laboratories.At the same time,the advantages,challenges and future development directions of AI technology application are analyzed.The study found that AI technology has broad application prospects in molecular biology experimental teaching.AI technology can overcome many limitations in traditional experimental teaching,and can also provide personalized learning experience,real-time feedback and evaluation,and simulate complex molecular processes.However,the application of AI technology also faces challenges such as technology cost,teacher training,and curriculum design.In summary,the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching has significant advantages and can effectively improve teaching quality and learning effects.In the future,we should strengthen the integration of AI technology and traditional teaching methods,develop more AI teaching tools suitable for the characteristics of molecular biology,and focus on cultivating students’practical ability and innovative thinking.This study provides new ideas and directions for promoting the reform and innovation of molecular biology experimental teaching.展开更多
The advances in molecular biology research of flax （Linum usitatissimum L.）, including DNA extraction, gene cloning and transformation, molecular markers, molecular identity, genetic diversity analysis, construction...The advances in molecular biology research of flax （Linum usitatissimum L.）, including DNA extraction, gene cloning and transformation, molecular markers, molecular identity, genetic diversity analysis, construction of genetic linkage map etc. were summarized in this article. Meanwhile, some problems existing in flax breeding, cultivation and germplasm classification were pointed out, including less developed molecular markers, lack of target genes and usable markers, genetic linkage map covering less genome, less research on molecular biology and so on. Five constructive suggestions were finally proposed in this article to provide reference for molecular biology research and development of Chinese flax.展开更多
Flax is a kind of worldwide fiber and oil crops, and it has a very important role in economic crop production in the world. With the development of molecular biology techniques, the research of flax molecular level ha...Flax is a kind of worldwide fiber and oil crops, and it has a very important role in economic crop production in the world. With the development of molecular biology techniques, the research of flax molecular level has a very big breakthrough. But, flax molecular biology researches are less reported due to the later starting. This paper summarized the latest research progress of molecular biology of flax, including molecular marker technology, construction of genetic map, gene engineering and omits researches, in order to provide the reference to understand the development and research status for flax molecular breeding researchers.展开更多
This paper mainly summarizes recent advances in the classification of Bursaphelenchus species, introduces several common methods of molecular biologi- cal detection and identification methods, and analyzes the advanta...This paper mainly summarizes recent advances in the classification of Bursaphelenchus species, introduces several common methods of molecular biologi- cal detection and identification methods, and analyzes the advantages and disad- vantages of these methods.展开更多
There are few studies on the genetic evolution of Curcuma L.,and it is easy to have synonyms or homonyms.In order to make better development and utilization of Curcuma L.,by consulting the relevant literature,the mole...There are few studies on the genetic evolution of Curcuma L.,and it is easy to have synonyms or homonyms.In order to make better development and utilization of Curcuma L.,by consulting the relevant literature,the molecular biology and genetics of Curcuma L.were summarized,and discussed in this paper,in order to lay a foundation for the study of phylogeny and genetic evolution of Curcuma L.展开更多
This paper reviews the significant study on SRS leukemia virus (SRSV) in recent years in China. A series of results about the proteins, nucleic acids and function, CDNA libraries, molecular cloning of SRSV, and inhibi...This paper reviews the significant study on SRS leukemia virus (SRSV) in recent years in China. A series of results about the proteins, nucleic acids and function, CDNA libraries, molecular cloning of SRSV, and inhibitory effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on SRSV are reported. It has proved that SRSV is useful to study the vival etiology and pathogenesis of human leukemial.展开更多
Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and r...Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,from genes展开更多
Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and r...Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,from genes展开更多
Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and r...Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,展开更多
Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and r...Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,from genes to genomes,using statistical,mathematical,and computational methods as well as展开更多
August 2-7, 2009, Shanghai, ChinaThe 21st IUBMB and 12th FAOBMB International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2009-Congress)will take place in Shanghai on 2-7 August, 2009. The Chinese Society of Bioch...August 2-7, 2009, Shanghai, ChinaThe 21st IUBMB and 12th FAOBMB International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2009-Congress)will take place in Shanghai on 2-7 August, 2009. The Chinese Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology will host this prestigious Congress.展开更多
The application of molecular biology technology in the identification and quality control of Mongolian medicine is increasing gradually,and it provides a new method for identifying fake and inferior products and confu...The application of molecular biology technology in the identification and quality control of Mongolian medicine is increasing gradually,and it provides a new method for identifying fake and inferior products and confused products of Mongolian medicine.In this paper,the application and prospect of molecular biology technology(such as DNA barcoding and PCR molecular identification technique)in the identification of crude Mongolian medicine were reviewed.展开更多
There have been many new developments in our understanding of esophageal carcinoma biology over the past several years. Information regarding both of the major forms of this disease, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell c...There have been many new developments in our understanding of esophageal carcinoma biology over the past several years. Information regarding both of the major forms of this disease, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, has accumulated in conjunction with data on precursor conditions such as Barrett’s esophagus. Interesting and promising ?ndings have included overexpression of proto-oncogenes, loss of heterozygosity at multiple chromosomal loci, tumor suppressor gene inactivation, epigenetic silenc- ing by DNA methylation, and mutations and deletions involving the tumor suppressor gene p53. Important cancer pathways, the cyclin kinase inhibitor cascade and the DNA mismatch repair process, implicated in the genesis of multiple tumor types have also been inculpated in esophageal carcinogenesis. Alterations in the p16 and p15 cyclin kinase inhibitors including point mutations and homozygous deletions have been reported in primary esophageal tumors. Further developments in the ?eld of molecular carcinogen- esis of esophageal malignancies promise to yield improvements in prevention, early detection, prognostic categorization, and perhaps gene-based therapy of this deadly disease.展开更多
The development of molecular biology and other new biotechnologies helps us to recognize the wound healing and non-healing wound of skin in the past 30 years. This review mainly focuses on the molecular biology of man...The development of molecular biology and other new biotechnologies helps us to recognize the wound healing and non-healing wound of skin in the past 30 years. This review mainly focuses on the molecular biology of many cytokines （including growth factors） and other molecular factors such as extracellular matrix （ECM） on wound healing. The molecular biology in cell movement such as epidermal cells in wound healing was also discussed. Moreover many common chronic wounds such as pressure ulcers, leg ulcers, diabetic foot wounds, venous stasis ulcers, etc. usually deteriorate into non-healing wounds. Therefore the molecular biology such as advanced glycation end products （AGEs） and other molecular factors in diabetes non-healing wounds were also reviewed.展开更多
Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is the most aggressive and common malig-nant primary brain tumor.Patients with GBM often have poor prognoses,with a median survival of∼15 months.Enhanced understanding of the molecular bio...Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is the most aggressive and common malig-nant primary brain tumor.Patients with GBM often have poor prognoses,with a median survival of∼15 months.Enhanced understanding of the molecular biology of central nervous system tumors has led to modifications in their classifications,the most recent of which classified these tumors into new categories and made some changes in their nomenclature and grading system.This review aims to give a panoramic view of the last 3 years’findings in glioblastoma characterization,its heterogeneity,and current advances in its treatment.Several molecular parameters have been used to achieve an accurate and personalized characterization of glioblastoma in patients,including epigenetic,genetic,transcriptomic and metabolic features,as well as age-and sex-related patterns and the involvement of several noncoding RNAs in glioblastoma progression.Astrocyte-like neural stem cells and outer radial glial-like cells from the subven-tricular zone have been proposed as agents involved in GBM of IDH-wildtype origin,but this remains controversial.Glioblastoma metabolism is characterized by upregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway,promotion of the gly-colytic flux,maintenance of lipid storage,and other features.This metabolism also contributes to glioblastoma’s resistance to conventional therapies.Tumor heterogeneity,a hallmark of GBM,has been shown to affect the genetic expresion,modulation of metabolic pathways,and immune system evasion.GBM’s aggressive invasion potential is modulated by cell-to-cell crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment and altered expressions of specific genes,such as ANXA2,GBP2,FN1,PHIP,and GLUT3.Nevertheless,the rising number of active clinical trials illustrates the efforts to identify new targets and drugs to treat this malignancy.Immunotherapy is still relevant for research purposes,given the amount of ongoing clinical trials based on this strategy to treat GBM,and neoantigen and nucleic acid-based vaccines are gaining importance due to their antitumoral activity by inducing the immune response.Furthermore,there are clinical trials focused on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis,angiogenesis,and tumor heterogeneity for developing molecular-targeted therapies against GBM.Other strategies,such as nanodelivery and computational models,may improve the drug pharmacokinetics and the prognosis of patients with GBM.展开更多
The rhizosphere is a narrow region of soil that is directly influenced by roots and associated soil microorganisms. Research on rhizosphere microbes of various medicinal plants is essential for microbial ecology, appl...The rhizosphere is a narrow region of soil that is directly influenced by roots and associated soil microorganisms. Research on rhizosphere microbes of various medicinal plants is essential for microbial ecology, applied microbiology and industrial biotechnology with regard to the sustainable utilization of Chinese medicinal resources. However, the inability of culturing most rhizosphere microorganisms （around 99%） in the laboratory obviates the research progress. In recent years, there is enormous advances in applying non-culturing techniques based on molecular biology and omics to the study of rhizosphere microbial diversity and plant-microbe interactions. DGGE, T-RFLP, ARDRA, DNA cloning and Sanger sequencing are still useful in the rhizosphere studies, while various omics tools, such as FISH, SIP, microarray, next generation sequencing （NGS）, etc., evolve quickly to provide more comprehensive understanding of the rhizosphere microbiota and microbiome. Flexible applications of NGS technologies are here exemplified, e.g., amplicon sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, whole genome sequencing, and transcriptome sequencing, which address the biology and biotechnology potentials of the rhizosphere microbiome of medicinal plants. This review discusses recent findings and future challenges in the study of rhizosphere microbes, highlighting medicinal plant rhizosphere study, evolution of research methods, and innovative combinations of novel high-throughput techniques. The top-down approaches such as metagenomics and bottom-up approaches targeting individual species or strains should be integrated and combined with modeling approaches to afford a wide-ranging understanding of the microbial community as a whole.展开更多
Since publication of a draft genome of the doubled-haploid‘Pahang’banana(Musa acuminata,DH-Pahang),a new era for banana biology research has begun.With the release of genomic data from some important Musa species an...Since publication of a draft genome of the doubled-haploid‘Pahang’banana(Musa acuminata,DH-Pahang),a new era for banana biology research has begun.With the release of genomic data from some important Musa species and subspecies and the continuous development of molecular biology techniques,significant progress has been made.Here,we summarize the achievements and advances in the banana molecular biology and breeding over the past decade covering origin and domestication,fruit biology,stress biology,and breeding aspects,and highlight their challenges and future perspectives.This review is intended to provide researchers with the latest information on the complex genetic background and evolutionary relationship of bananas,the biology of fruit ripening,and multi-omics-based stress biology research.We especially focus on recent advances in the molecular breeding of bananas,offering an informative research direction and providing valuable technical references for future research in the field.展开更多
文摘Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.
基金Supported by 2023 Major Project for Talent Cultivation and Teaching Reform in Higher Education of Sichuan Province(JG2023-77)2024-2026 Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform Project of Chengdu University(XJJG-20242025264).
文摘Under the background of the continuous deepening of engineering education accreditation and the construction of emerging engineering disciplines,a digital platform-assisted teaching model was explored for the teaching reform of the molecular biology course to effectively support the achievement of graduation requirements for bioengineering major and enhance the teaching outcomes of the molecular biology course.The teaching reform of this course took the 2022 cohort students majoring in bioengineering in Chengdu University as the practice object.The course evaluation method was improved by integrating digital platforms for process assessment,and real-world research and practical cases were incorporated into digital platforms to enrich teaching resources.Additionally,digital platforms were integrated throughout the entire teaching process(before,during,and after class),reshaping the instructional workflow into"pre-class online self-learning,in-class teacher-student interaction for deepening knowledge internalization,and practical case studies during and after class for strengthening application".The teaching reform results demonstrated that this teaching model significantly improved the attainment of course objectives,providing valuable experience for similar institutions to advance digital course reforms under the framework of engineering education accreditation.
基金Construction Project of Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Engineering for Undergraduate Universities in Guangdong Province(Project No.:2023-248)First-Class Undergraduate Course in Guangdong Province-Molecular Biology Experiment 2023+1 种基金Curriculum Ideology and Politics Demonstration Project of Lingnan Normal University(Project No.:2022-6&2024-44)Construction Project of Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Engineering of Lingnan Normal University(Project No.:2024-24)。
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)technology is increasingly used in the field of education,but its application in molecular biology experimental teaching still faces challenges.In order to explore the application prospects of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,this paper discusses the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,focusing on the construction and application of virtual laboratories.At the same time,the advantages,challenges and future development directions of AI technology application are analyzed.The study found that AI technology has broad application prospects in molecular biology experimental teaching.AI technology can overcome many limitations in traditional experimental teaching,and can also provide personalized learning experience,real-time feedback and evaluation,and simulate complex molecular processes.However,the application of AI technology also faces challenges such as technology cost,teacher training,and curriculum design.In summary,the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching has significant advantages and can effectively improve teaching quality and learning effects.In the future,we should strengthen the integration of AI technology and traditional teaching methods,develop more AI teaching tools suitable for the characteristics of molecular biology,and focus on cultivating students’practical ability and innovative thinking.This study provides new ideas and directions for promoting the reform and innovation of molecular biology experimental teaching.
文摘The advances in molecular biology research of flax （Linum usitatissimum L.）, including DNA extraction, gene cloning and transformation, molecular markers, molecular identity, genetic diversity analysis, construction of genetic linkage map etc. were summarized in this article. Meanwhile, some problems existing in flax breeding, cultivation and germplasm classification were pointed out, including less developed molecular markers, lack of target genes and usable markers, genetic linkage map covering less genome, less research on molecular biology and so on. Five constructive suggestions were finally proposed in this article to provide reference for molecular biology research and development of Chinese flax.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31401451)National Agro-industry Technology Research System for Crops of Bast and Leaf Fiber(CARS-19-S03)
文摘Flax is a kind of worldwide fiber and oil crops, and it has a very important role in economic crop production in the world. With the development of molecular biology techniques, the research of flax molecular level has a very big breakthrough. But, flax molecular biology researches are less reported due to the later starting. This paper summarized the latest research progress of molecular biology of flax, including molecular marker technology, construction of genetic map, gene engineering and omits researches, in order to provide the reference to understand the development and research status for flax molecular breeding researchers.
基金Supported by Science Research Project of Ningbo Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau(YK12-2013)~~
文摘This paper mainly summarizes recent advances in the classification of Bursaphelenchus species, introduces several common methods of molecular biologi- cal detection and identification methods, and analyzes the advantages and disad- vantages of these methods.
基金Zhangzhou Nature Foundation:Study on the Genetic Relationship of Curcuma alismatifolia Germplasm Resources Based on Pollen Morphology and RAD-seq(ZZ2020J17).
文摘There are few studies on the genetic evolution of Curcuma L.,and it is easy to have synonyms or homonyms.In order to make better development and utilization of Curcuma L.,by consulting the relevant literature,the molecular biology and genetics of Curcuma L.were summarized,and discussed in this paper,in order to lay a foundation for the study of phylogeny and genetic evolution of Curcuma L.
文摘This paper reviews the significant study on SRS leukemia virus (SRSV) in recent years in China. A series of results about the proteins, nucleic acids and function, CDNA libraries, molecular cloning of SRSV, and inhibitory effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on SRSV are reported. It has proved that SRSV is useful to study the vival etiology and pathogenesis of human leukemial.
文摘Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,from genes
文摘Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,from genes
文摘Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,
文摘Computational Molecular Biology(ISSN 1927-5587)is an open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The Journal is publishing all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters,methods,and reviews in all areas of Computational Molecular Biology,covering new discoveries in molecular biology,from genes to genomes,using statistical,mathematical,and computational methods as well as
文摘August 2-7, 2009, Shanghai, ChinaThe 21st IUBMB and 12th FAOBMB International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2009-Congress)will take place in Shanghai on 2-7 August, 2009. The Chinese Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology will host this prestigious Congress.
基金Supported by the"First-class Discipline"Project of Mongolian Medicine in 2021(myxylxk202122)Collaborative Innovation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(MYYXT202005)+1 种基金Scientific Research Project for Teachers of"First-class Discipline"of Mongolian Pharmacy in 2020(myxylxkky2020-04)Million Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University(YKD2018KJBW029).
文摘The application of molecular biology technology in the identification and quality control of Mongolian medicine is increasing gradually,and it provides a new method for identifying fake and inferior products and confused products of Mongolian medicine.In this paper,the application and prospect of molecular biology technology(such as DNA barcoding and PCR molecular identification technique)in the identification of crude Mongolian medicine were reviewed.
文摘There have been many new developments in our understanding of esophageal carcinoma biology over the past several years. Information regarding both of the major forms of this disease, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, has accumulated in conjunction with data on precursor conditions such as Barrett’s esophagus. Interesting and promising ?ndings have included overexpression of proto-oncogenes, loss of heterozygosity at multiple chromosomal loci, tumor suppressor gene inactivation, epigenetic silenc- ing by DNA methylation, and mutations and deletions involving the tumor suppressor gene p53. Important cancer pathways, the cyclin kinase inhibitor cascade and the DNA mismatch repair process, implicated in the genesis of multiple tumor types have also been inculpated in esophageal carcinogenesis. Alterations in the p16 and p15 cyclin kinase inhibitors including point mutations and homozygous deletions have been reported in primary esophageal tumors. Further developments in the ?eld of molecular carcinogen- esis of esophageal malignancies promise to yield improvements in prevention, early detection, prognostic categorization, and perhaps gene-based therapy of this deadly disease.
文摘The development of molecular biology and other new biotechnologies helps us to recognize the wound healing and non-healing wound of skin in the past 30 years. This review mainly focuses on the molecular biology of many cytokines （including growth factors） and other molecular factors such as extracellular matrix （ECM） on wound healing. The molecular biology in cell movement such as epidermal cells in wound healing was also discussed. Moreover many common chronic wounds such as pressure ulcers, leg ulcers, diabetic foot wounds, venous stasis ulcers, etc. usually deteriorate into non-healing wounds. Therefore the molecular biology such as advanced glycation end products （AGEs） and other molecular factors in diabetes non-healing wounds were also reviewed.
基金Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación,Grant/Award Number:PID2019-105010RB-I00Agencia de Innovación y Desarrollo de Andalucía,Grant/Award Numbers:BIO 267,UMA18-FEDERJA-220。
文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is the most aggressive and common malig-nant primary brain tumor.Patients with GBM often have poor prognoses,with a median survival of∼15 months.Enhanced understanding of the molecular biology of central nervous system tumors has led to modifications in their classifications,the most recent of which classified these tumors into new categories and made some changes in their nomenclature and grading system.This review aims to give a panoramic view of the last 3 years’findings in glioblastoma characterization,its heterogeneity,and current advances in its treatment.Several molecular parameters have been used to achieve an accurate and personalized characterization of glioblastoma in patients,including epigenetic,genetic,transcriptomic and metabolic features,as well as age-and sex-related patterns and the involvement of several noncoding RNAs in glioblastoma progression.Astrocyte-like neural stem cells and outer radial glial-like cells from the subven-tricular zone have been proposed as agents involved in GBM of IDH-wildtype origin,but this remains controversial.Glioblastoma metabolism is characterized by upregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway,promotion of the gly-colytic flux,maintenance of lipid storage,and other features.This metabolism also contributes to glioblastoma’s resistance to conventional therapies.Tumor heterogeneity,a hallmark of GBM,has been shown to affect the genetic expresion,modulation of metabolic pathways,and immune system evasion.GBM’s aggressive invasion potential is modulated by cell-to-cell crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment and altered expressions of specific genes,such as ANXA2,GBP2,FN1,PHIP,and GLUT3.Nevertheless,the rising number of active clinical trials illustrates the efforts to identify new targets and drugs to treat this malignancy.Immunotherapy is still relevant for research purposes,given the amount of ongoing clinical trials based on this strategy to treat GBM,and neoantigen and nucleic acid-based vaccines are gaining importance due to their antitumoral activity by inducing the immune response.Furthermore,there are clinical trials focused on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis,angiogenesis,and tumor heterogeneity for developing molecular-targeted therapies against GBM.Other strategies,such as nanodelivery and computational models,may improve the drug pharmacokinetics and the prognosis of patients with GBM.
基金Natural Science Fund of Liaoning Province(2015020663)
文摘The rhizosphere is a narrow region of soil that is directly influenced by roots and associated soil microorganisms. Research on rhizosphere microbes of various medicinal plants is essential for microbial ecology, applied microbiology and industrial biotechnology with regard to the sustainable utilization of Chinese medicinal resources. However, the inability of culturing most rhizosphere microorganisms （around 99%） in the laboratory obviates the research progress. In recent years, there is enormous advances in applying non-culturing techniques based on molecular biology and omics to the study of rhizosphere microbial diversity and plant-microbe interactions. DGGE, T-RFLP, ARDRA, DNA cloning and Sanger sequencing are still useful in the rhizosphere studies, while various omics tools, such as FISH, SIP, microarray, next generation sequencing （NGS）, etc., evolve quickly to provide more comprehensive understanding of the rhizosphere microbiota and microbiome. Flexible applications of NGS technologies are here exemplified, e.g., amplicon sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, whole genome sequencing, and transcriptome sequencing, which address the biology and biotechnology potentials of the rhizosphere microbiome of medicinal plants. This review discusses recent findings and future challenges in the study of rhizosphere microbes, highlighting medicinal plant rhizosphere study, evolution of research methods, and innovative combinations of novel high-throughput techniques. The top-down approaches such as metagenomics and bottom-up approaches targeting individual species or strains should be integrated and combined with modeling approaches to afford a wide-ranging understanding of the microbial community as a whole.
基金supported by the Research Fund of Maoming Branch,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture(2021TDQD003)the Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project(NT2021004)+3 种基金the Young and Middle-aged Discipline Leader“Jin Ying light”Training Program of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(R2023PY-JG004)Outstanding Team Project of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(202102TD)the Modern Agricultural Innovation Team Project of Guangdong Province(2023KJ106 and 2022KJ106)the Banana Seed Industry Innovation Park Project of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(2022-NJS-00-001).
文摘Since publication of a draft genome of the doubled-haploid‘Pahang’banana(Musa acuminata,DH-Pahang),a new era for banana biology research has begun.With the release of genomic data from some important Musa species and subspecies and the continuous development of molecular biology techniques,significant progress has been made.Here,we summarize the achievements and advances in the banana molecular biology and breeding over the past decade covering origin and domestication,fruit biology,stress biology,and breeding aspects,and highlight their challenges and future perspectives.This review is intended to provide researchers with the latest information on the complex genetic background and evolutionary relationship of bananas,the biology of fruit ripening,and multi-omics-based stress biology research.We especially focus on recent advances in the molecular breeding of bananas,offering an informative research direction and providing valuable technical references for future research in the field.
