ADS Injector-II linear accelerator is mainly composed of ECR ion source,LEBT,RFQ,MEBT,a superconducting accelerating segment and HEBT.The superconducting accelerating segment is composed of two HWR010 cavity cryomodul...ADS Injector-II linear accelerator is mainly composed of ECR ion source,LEBT,RFQ,MEBT,a superconducting accelerating segment and HEBT.The superconducting accelerating segment is composed of two HWR010 cavity cryomodules,a taper cavity cryomodule and a spoke cavity cryomodule(CM1+CM2+CM3+CM4),which has accelerated the proton beam to 25 MeV in Jun.2017.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses...In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses,some properties and some equivalent characterizations of G_(C)-X-injective modules are investigated,and we also show that the triple(■,cores■,■)is a weak co-AB-context.As an application,two complete cotorsion pairs and a new model structure in Mod S are given.展开更多
[Background]High harmonic cavities are widely used in electron storage rings to lengthen thebunch,lower the bunch peak current,thereby reducing the IBS effect,enhancing the Touschek lifetime,as well asproviding Landau...[Background]High harmonic cavities are widely used in electron storage rings to lengthen thebunch,lower the bunch peak current,thereby reducing the IBS effect,enhancing the Touschek lifetime,as well asproviding Landau damping,which is particularly important for storage rings operating with ultra-low emittance or atlow beam energy.[Purpose]To further increase the bunch length without additional hardware costs,the phasemodulation in a dual-RF system is considered.[Methods]In this paper,turn-by-turn simulations incorporating randomsynchrotron radiation excitation are conducted,and a brief analysis is presented to explain the bunch lengtheningmechanism.[Results]Simulation results reveal that the peak current can be further reduced,thereby mitigating IBSeffects and enhancing the Touschek lifetime.Although the energy spread increases,which tends to reduce thebrightness of higher-harmonic radiation from the undulator,the brightness of the fundamental harmonic can,in fact,beimproved.展开更多
Fabrication of large-area perovskite solar modules under ambient air conditions remains a critical challenge due to air sensitivity of perovskite intermediate phases during crystallization.Here,we introduce 2-iodoimid...Fabrication of large-area perovskite solar modules under ambient air conditions remains a critical challenge due to air sensitivity of perovskite intermediate phases during crystallization.Here,we introduce 2-iodoimidazole(IIZ)into the perovskite precursor,enabling the formation of an air-stable pureδ-phase intermediate,which,upon annealing,fully transforms into a highly orientedα-phase perovskite film with reduced defects and variability.Leveraging this approach,we achieve a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 20.9%for 927.5 cm^(2)perovskite solar modules with high reproducibility.The encapsulated modules meet stringent international photovoltaic testing standards(IEC61215:2021),demonstrating excellent stability under continuous operation,thermal cycling(-40 to 85℃)and damp heat(85℃ and 85%relative humidity).展开更多
In order to address the challenges posed by complex background interference,high miss-detection rates of micro-scale defects,and limited model deployment efficiency in photovoltaic(PV)module defect detection,this pape...In order to address the challenges posed by complex background interference,high miss-detection rates of micro-scale defects,and limited model deployment efficiency in photovoltaic(PV)module defect detection,this paper proposes an efficient detection framework based on an improved YOLOv11 architecture.First,a Re-parameterized Convolution(RepConv)module is integrated into the backbone to enhance the model’s sensitivity to fine-grained defects—such as micro-cracks and hot spots—while maintaining high inference efficiency.Second,a Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Convolutional Block Attention Mechanism(MSFF-CBAM)is designed to guide the network toward critical defect regions by jointly modeling channel-wise and spatial attention.This mechanism effectively strengthens the specificity and robustness of feature representations.Third,a lightweight Dynamic Sampling Module(DySample)is employed to replace conventional upsampling operations,thereby improving the localization accuracy of small-scale defect targets.Experimental evaluations conducted on the PVEL-AD dataset demonstrate that the proposed RMDYOLOv11 model surpasses the baseline YOLOv11 in terms of mean Average Precision(mAP)@0.5,Precision,and Recall,achieving respective improvements of 4.70%,1.51%,and 5.50%.The model also exhibits notable advantages in inference speed and model compactness.Further validation on the ELPV dataset confirms the model’s generalization capability,showing respective performance gains of 1.99%,2.28%,and 1.45%across the same metrics.Overall,the enhanced model significantly improves the accuracy of micro-defect identification on PV module surfaces,effectively reducing both false negatives and false positives.This advancement provides a robust and reliable technical foundation for automated PV module defect detection.展开更多
Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,includi...Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,including cerebrospinal fluid,varies significantly(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014).LPA actually corresponds to a variety of lipid species that include different stereoisomers with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids bearing likely differentiated biological activities(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014;Hernández-Araiza et al.,2018).展开更多
As a core part of subsea production systems,subsea control modules(SCMs)are costly,difficult,and expensive to install and inconvenient to use in underwater maintenance.Therefore,performance and function tests must be ...As a core part of subsea production systems,subsea control modules(SCMs)are costly,difficult,and expensive to install and inconvenient to use in underwater maintenance.Therefore,performance and function tests must be carried out before launching SCMs.This study developed a testing device and an SCM test by investigating SCMs and their underwater.The testing device includes four parts:a hydraulic station,an SCM test stand,a signal generating device,and an electronic test unit.First,the basic indices of the testing device were determined from the performance and working parameters of the SCM.Second,the design scheme of the testing device for the SCM was tentatively proposed,and each testing device was designed.Finally,a practical measurement of the SCM,in combination with the hydraulic station,SCM test stand,signal generator,electronic unit,and highpressure water tank,was carried out according to the test requirements.The measurement mainly involved equipment inspection before testing and an experimental test for the SCM.The validity and feasibility of the testing device and method were simultaneously verified through an association test.展开更多
The HCPB concept has been a European DEMO reference concept for nearly one decade. Detailed thermal-hydraulic study on the control behavior of the whole system is one of the important parts of this development. The th...The HCPB concept has been a European DEMO reference concept for nearly one decade. Detailed thermal-hydraulic study on the control behavior of the whole system is one of the important parts of this development. The thermal-hydraulic effect of the TBM-combined cooling circuit during a cyclic operation in ITER has been studied using the system code RELAP5. The RELAP5 is based on an one-dimensional, transient two-fluid model for the flow of a two-phase steam-water mixture that can contain noncondensable components like Helium. The RELAP5models are modified to take the cyclic operation of the circulator, heat, exchanger, bypass, valves etc in to account. A sequence of operational phases is investigated, starting from the cold state through the heating phase that brings the system to a stand-by condition, followed by typical power cycles applied in ITER. The results show that the implemented control mechanisms keep the inlet temperature to the TBM and the total mass flow rate at the required values through all phases.展开更多
Renewable power modules such as the thermoelectric generator and the PV panel are featured by low output voltage and low power.Aiming at maximum output power,a high energy efficiency module integrated converter(MIC),a...Renewable power modules such as the thermoelectric generator and the PV panel are featured by low output voltage and low power.Aiming at maximum output power,a high energy efficiency module integrated converter(MIC),as shown in Fig.1,and its control strategy for series connected distributed(SCD)renewable power systems,as shown in Fig.2,are proposed.The topology of the MIC is an improved one of the conventional H-bridge Buck-Boost converter.展开更多
In order to stabilize the video module to build digital image stabilization image sequence, a method of using inertial measurement system is proposed. Through applying real-time attitude in- formation of the camera th...In order to stabilize the video module to build digital image stabilization image sequence, a method of using inertial measurement system is proposed. Through applying real-time attitude in- formation of the camera that obtained by high-precision attitude sensor to estimate the image motion vector and then to compensate for image, the purpose of stabilizing the image sequence can be a- chieved. Experiments demonstrate that this method has a high image stabilization precision, and the up to 16 frame/s video output rate completely meets the real-time requirements.展开更多
Wind is one kind of clean and free renewable energy sources. Wind speed plays a pivotal role in the wind power output. However, due to the random and unstable nature of the wind, accurate prediction of wind speed is a...Wind is one kind of clean and free renewable energy sources. Wind speed plays a pivotal role in the wind power output. However, due to the random and unstable nature of the wind, accurate prediction of wind speed is a particularly challenging task. This paper presents a novel neural fuzzy method for the hourly wind speed prediction. Firstly, a neural structure is proposed for the functional-type single-input-rule-modules(FSIRMs) connected fuzzy inference system(FIS) to combine the merits of both the FSIRMs connected FIS and the neural network. Then, in order to achieve both the smallest training errors and the smallest parameters, a least square method based parameter learning algorithm is presented for the proposed FSIRMs connected neural fuzzy system(FSIRMNFS). Further,the proposed FSIRMNFS and its parameter learning algorithm are applied to the hourly wind speed prediction. Experiments and comparisons are also made to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approach. Experimental results verified that our study has presented an effective approach for the hourly wind speed prediction. The proposed approach can also be used for the prediction of wind direction, wind power and some other prediction applications in the research field of renewable energy.展开更多
Exploitation of sustainable energy sources requires the use of unique conversion and storage systems,such as solar panels,batteries,fuel cells,and electronic equipment.Thermal load management of these energy conversio...Exploitation of sustainable energy sources requires the use of unique conversion and storage systems,such as solar panels,batteries,fuel cells,and electronic equipment.Thermal load management of these energy conversion and storage systems is one of their challenges and concerns.In this article,the thermal management of these systems using thermoelectric modules is reviewed.The results show that by choosing the right option to remove heat from the hot side of the thermoelectric modules,it will be a suitable local cooling,and the thermoelectric modules increase the power and lifespan of the system by reducing the spot temperature.Thermoelectric modules were effective in reducing panel temperature.They increase the time to reach a temperature above 50℃ in batteries by 3 to 4 times.Also,in their integration with fuel cells,they increase the power density of the fuel cell.展开更多
Photovoltaic (PV) modules, as essential components of solar power generation systems, significantly influence unitpower generation costs.The service life of these modules directly affects these costs. Over time, the p...Photovoltaic (PV) modules, as essential components of solar power generation systems, significantly influence unitpower generation costs.The service life of these modules directly affects these costs. Over time, the performanceof PV modules gradually declines due to internal degradation and external environmental factors.This cumulativedegradation impacts the overall reliability of photovoltaic power generation. This study addresses the complexdegradation process of PV modules by developing a two-stage Wiener process model. This approach accountsfor the distinct phases of degradation resulting from module aging and environmental influences. A powerdegradation model based on the two-stage Wiener process is constructed to describe individual differences inmodule degradation processes. To estimate the model parameters, a combination of the Expectation-Maximization(EM) algorithm and the Bayesian method is employed. Furthermore, the Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC) isutilized to identify critical change points in PV module degradation trajectories. To validate the universality andeffectiveness of the proposed method, a comparative analysis is conducted against other established life predictiontechniques for PV modules.展开更多
This work proposes a novel heating and cooling system,with incorporated thermoelectric module,that can achieve energy balance using a self-water supply heat exchange subsystem.The thermoelectric effect is used to achi...This work proposes a novel heating and cooling system,with incorporated thermoelectric module,that can achieve energy balance using a self-water supply heat exchange subsystem.The thermoelectric effect is used to achieve controlled and adjustable heating of the circulating water.Simulations were conducted to study the thermal performance of the system while it simultaneously produces hot and cold water,with different working conditions for the hot-and cold-side water outlets.The results show that the water temperature at the hot side outlet increases from 32℃to 75℃when the power increases from 4.5 to 50 W.Additionally,the use of thermoelectric modules to heat water and recover waste heat is 22%more efficient than ordinary electric water heating systems.展开更多
Traditional intensity modulated two-level electrical time-division multiplexing （ETDM） transmission systems working at 100 -112 Gbit/s were investigated. The complete ETDM systems based on monolithically integrated ...Traditional intensity modulated two-level electrical time-division multiplexing （ETDM） transmission systems working at 100 -112 Gbit/s were investigated. The complete ETDM systems based on monolithically integrated transmitter and receiver modules were demonstrated with biterror-rate （BER） performance of 10-s at 107 Gbit/s, and near error-free standard forward error correction （FEC） threshold （2 × 10 -3） at 112 Gbit/s. The experiment results showed that directly modulated high-speed ETDM transmission systems with the symbol rates at 100 Gbaud and beyond were promising candidate for cost-effective 100 GbE applications and might be a preform of the next generation of Terabit/s Ethernet.展开更多
In order to improve the service life of solar street lamp, it is necessary to manage the lamp＇s battery in the form of on-line detection via wireless communanication. A wireless managonent systean for solar street la...In order to improve the service life of solar street lamp, it is necessary to manage the lamp＇s battery in the form of on-line detection via wireless communanication. A wireless managonent systean for solar street lamp based on nanoLOC AVR nttlule is researched in this paper, the system can real-timely detect the solar street lamp＇s battery voltage, corrent, tonperature, internal resistance, residual capacity and so on. And the collected data is transmitted to computer＇ s management via wireless connnunication to achieve recording, storage, analysis and processing for various parameters.展开更多
The importance of the zeros of multwariable linear systems is well-knoiun in terms of measure obstructions to the controllability and the. observability. In this paper, a recursive decarnposi Am oj interconnected syst...The importance of the zeros of multwariable linear systems is well-knoiun in terms of measure obstructions to the controllability and the. observability. In this paper, a recursive decarnposi Am oj interconnected systems is outlined by taking into account the sequential structure of the connnections. The paper extends the, coordinate, module-theoretic studies from the elementary algebraic systems theory to include the case oj such linear interconnected systems which need not to be controllable or observable. Also, the properties of controllability and observability, the decoupling zeros and the signal Making issues are characterized.展开更多
Reverse logistics are playing more and more important role with the development of competition and the social responsibility of enterprises.It could be divided into commission acceptance,recycling and returned goods h...Reverse logistics are playing more and more important role with the development of competition and the social responsibility of enterprises.It could be divided into commission acceptance,recycling and returned goods handling.Reverse logistics information system consists of the database establishment,network structure and logic structure design.The collection,storage,processing,transmission and output functions of the reverse logistics information system were discussed in the thesis.Eventually,it established seven modules for the reverse logistics information system including the system management module,oriented module,returning goods processing module,reverse transportation management module,information sharing module,statistical analysis module and cost control module.展开更多
With the advent of in-wheel motors and corner modules,the structure of vehicle chassis subsystems has shifted from traditionally centralized to distributed.This review focuses on the distributed chassis system(DCS)equ...With the advent of in-wheel motors and corner modules,the structure of vehicle chassis subsystems has shifted from traditionally centralized to distributed.This review focuses on the distributed chassis system(DCS)equipped with corner modules.It first provides a comprehensive summary and description of the revolution of the structure and control methods of vehicle chassis systems(including driving,braking,suspension,and steering systems).Given that DCS integrates various chassis subsystems,this review moves beyond individual subsystem analysis and delves into the coordination of these subsystems at the vehicle level.It provides a detailed summary of the methods and architectures used for integrated coordination and control,ensuring that multiple subsystems can function seamlessly as an integrated whole.Finally,this review summarizes the latest distributed control architecture for DCS.It also examines current control theories in the fields of control and information technology for distributed systems,such as multi-agent systems and cyber-physical systems.Based on these two control approaches,a multi-domain cooperative control framework for DCS is proposed.展开更多
文摘ADS Injector-II linear accelerator is mainly composed of ECR ion source,LEBT,RFQ,MEBT,a superconducting accelerating segment and HEBT.The superconducting accelerating segment is composed of two HWR010 cavity cryomodules,a taper cavity cryomodule and a spoke cavity cryomodule(CM1+CM2+CM3+CM4),which has accelerated the proton beam to 25 MeV in Jun.2017.
文摘In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses,some properties and some equivalent characterizations of G_(C)-X-injective modules are investigated,and we also show that the triple(■,cores■,■)is a weak co-AB-context.As an application,two complete cotorsion pairs and a new model structure in Mod S are given.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12405168)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(2024CDJXY004)。
文摘[Background]High harmonic cavities are widely used in electron storage rings to lengthen thebunch,lower the bunch peak current,thereby reducing the IBS effect,enhancing the Touschek lifetime,as well asproviding Landau damping,which is particularly important for storage rings operating with ultra-low emittance or atlow beam energy.[Purpose]To further increase the bunch length without additional hardware costs,the phasemodulation in a dual-RF system is considered.[Methods]In this paper,turn-by-turn simulations incorporating randomsynchrotron radiation excitation are conducted,and a brief analysis is presented to explain the bunch lengtheningmechanism.[Results]Simulation results reveal that the peak current can be further reduced,thereby mitigating IBSeffects and enhancing the Touschek lifetime.Although the energy spread increases,which tends to reduce thebrightness of higher-harmonic radiation from the undulator,the brightness of the fundamental harmonic can,in fact,beimproved.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4204504)National Science Fund for Dis-tinguished Young Scholars(T2325016)+7 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A2076)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20232022,BE2022021 and BE2022026)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(0213/14380206 and 0205/14380252)Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Fund(DLTD2109 and 2024ZD06)Program for Innovative Talents and Entrepreneur in JiangsuChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M731579)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2023ZB348)Postdoctoral Innovative Talents Support Project from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20230157)。
文摘Fabrication of large-area perovskite solar modules under ambient air conditions remains a critical challenge due to air sensitivity of perovskite intermediate phases during crystallization.Here,we introduce 2-iodoimidazole(IIZ)into the perovskite precursor,enabling the formation of an air-stable pureδ-phase intermediate,which,upon annealing,fully transforms into a highly orientedα-phase perovskite film with reduced defects and variability.Leveraging this approach,we achieve a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 20.9%for 927.5 cm^(2)perovskite solar modules with high reproducibility.The encapsulated modules meet stringent international photovoltaic testing standards(IEC61215:2021),demonstrating excellent stability under continuous operation,thermal cycling(-40 to 85℃)and damp heat(85℃ and 85%relative humidity).
基金supported by the Gansu Provincial Department of Education Industry Support Plan Project(2025CYZC-018).
文摘In order to address the challenges posed by complex background interference,high miss-detection rates of micro-scale defects,and limited model deployment efficiency in photovoltaic(PV)module defect detection,this paper proposes an efficient detection framework based on an improved YOLOv11 architecture.First,a Re-parameterized Convolution(RepConv)module is integrated into the backbone to enhance the model’s sensitivity to fine-grained defects—such as micro-cracks and hot spots—while maintaining high inference efficiency.Second,a Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Convolutional Block Attention Mechanism(MSFF-CBAM)is designed to guide the network toward critical defect regions by jointly modeling channel-wise and spatial attention.This mechanism effectively strengthens the specificity and robustness of feature representations.Third,a lightweight Dynamic Sampling Module(DySample)is employed to replace conventional upsampling operations,thereby improving the localization accuracy of small-scale defect targets.Experimental evaluations conducted on the PVEL-AD dataset demonstrate that the proposed RMDYOLOv11 model surpasses the baseline YOLOv11 in terms of mean Average Precision(mAP)@0.5,Precision,and Recall,achieving respective improvements of 4.70%,1.51%,and 5.50%.The model also exhibits notable advantages in inference speed and model compactness.Further validation on the ELPV dataset confirms the model’s generalization capability,showing respective performance gains of 1.99%,2.28%,and 1.45%across the same metrics.Overall,the enhanced model significantly improves the accuracy of micro-defect identification on PV module surfaces,effectively reducing both false negatives and false positives.This advancement provides a robust and reliable technical foundation for automated PV module defect detection.
基金supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation,HFRI,“2nd Call for HFRI Research Projects to support Faculty Members&Researchers”Project 02667 to GL.
文摘Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,including cerebrospinal fluid,varies significantly(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014).LPA actually corresponds to a variety of lipid species that include different stereoisomers with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids bearing likely differentiated biological activities(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014;Hernández-Araiza et al.,2018).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0310500)High-Tech Ship Research Projects sponsored by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(2018GXB01)Yantai City school land integration development project(2019XDRHXMPT29)research and development and test platform of underwater production system。
文摘As a core part of subsea production systems,subsea control modules(SCMs)are costly,difficult,and expensive to install and inconvenient to use in underwater maintenance.Therefore,performance and function tests must be carried out before launching SCMs.This study developed a testing device and an SCM test by investigating SCMs and their underwater.The testing device includes four parts:a hydraulic station,an SCM test stand,a signal generating device,and an electronic test unit.First,the basic indices of the testing device were determined from the performance and working parameters of the SCM.Second,the design scheme of the testing device for the SCM was tentatively proposed,and each testing device was designed.Finally,a practical measurement of the SCM,in combination with the hydraulic station,SCM test stand,signal generator,electronic unit,and highpressure water tank,was carried out according to the test requirements.The measurement mainly involved equipment inspection before testing and an experimental test for the SCM.The validity and feasibility of the testing device and method were simultaneously verified through an association test.
基金The project supported by European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) Technology Work Program
文摘The HCPB concept has been a European DEMO reference concept for nearly one decade. Detailed thermal-hydraulic study on the control behavior of the whole system is one of the important parts of this development. The thermal-hydraulic effect of the TBM-combined cooling circuit during a cyclic operation in ITER has been studied using the system code RELAP5. The RELAP5 is based on an one-dimensional, transient two-fluid model for the flow of a two-phase steam-water mixture that can contain noncondensable components like Helium. The RELAP5models are modified to take the cyclic operation of the circulator, heat, exchanger, bypass, valves etc in to account. A sequence of operational phases is investigated, starting from the cold state through the heating phase that brings the system to a stand-by condition, followed by typical power cycles applied in ITER. The results show that the implemented control mechanisms keep the inlet temperature to the TBM and the total mass flow rate at the required values through all phases.
文摘Renewable power modules such as the thermoelectric generator and the PV panel are featured by low output voltage and low power.Aiming at maximum output power,a high energy efficiency module integrated converter(MIC),as shown in Fig.1,and its control strategy for series connected distributed(SCD)renewable power systems,as shown in Fig.2,are proposed.The topology of the MIC is an improved one of the conventional H-bridge Buck-Boost converter.
文摘In order to stabilize the video module to build digital image stabilization image sequence, a method of using inertial measurement system is proposed. Through applying real-time attitude in- formation of the camera that obtained by high-precision attitude sensor to estimate the image motion vector and then to compensate for image, the purpose of stabilizing the image sequence can be a- chieved. Experiments demonstrate that this method has a high image stabilization precision, and the up to 16 frame/s video output rate completely meets the real-time requirements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61473176,61402260,61573225)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province for Outstanding Young Talents in Provincial Universities(ZR2015JL021,ZR2015JL003)the Open Program from the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems(20140102)
文摘Wind is one kind of clean and free renewable energy sources. Wind speed plays a pivotal role in the wind power output. However, due to the random and unstable nature of the wind, accurate prediction of wind speed is a particularly challenging task. This paper presents a novel neural fuzzy method for the hourly wind speed prediction. Firstly, a neural structure is proposed for the functional-type single-input-rule-modules(FSIRMs) connected fuzzy inference system(FIS) to combine the merits of both the FSIRMs connected FIS and the neural network. Then, in order to achieve both the smallest training errors and the smallest parameters, a least square method based parameter learning algorithm is presented for the proposed FSIRMs connected neural fuzzy system(FSIRMNFS). Further,the proposed FSIRMNFS and its parameter learning algorithm are applied to the hourly wind speed prediction. Experiments and comparisons are also made to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approach. Experimental results verified that our study has presented an effective approach for the hourly wind speed prediction. The proposed approach can also be used for the prediction of wind direction, wind power and some other prediction applications in the research field of renewable energy.
文摘Exploitation of sustainable energy sources requires the use of unique conversion and storage systems,such as solar panels,batteries,fuel cells,and electronic equipment.Thermal load management of these energy conversion and storage systems is one of their challenges and concerns.In this article,the thermal management of these systems using thermoelectric modules is reviewed.The results show that by choosing the right option to remove heat from the hot side of the thermoelectric modules,it will be a suitable local cooling,and the thermoelectric modules increase the power and lifespan of the system by reducing the spot temperature.Thermoelectric modules were effective in reducing panel temperature.They increase the time to reach a temperature above 50℃ in batteries by 3 to 4 times.Also,in their integration with fuel cells,they increase the power density of the fuel cell.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51767017)the Basic Research Innovation Group Project of Gansu Province(18JR3RA133)the Industrial Support and Guidance Project of Universities in Gansu Province(2022CYZC-22).
文摘Photovoltaic (PV) modules, as essential components of solar power generation systems, significantly influence unitpower generation costs.The service life of these modules directly affects these costs. Over time, the performanceof PV modules gradually declines due to internal degradation and external environmental factors.This cumulativedegradation impacts the overall reliability of photovoltaic power generation. This study addresses the complexdegradation process of PV modules by developing a two-stage Wiener process model. This approach accountsfor the distinct phases of degradation resulting from module aging and environmental influences. A powerdegradation model based on the two-stage Wiener process is constructed to describe individual differences inmodule degradation processes. To estimate the model parameters, a combination of the Expectation-Maximization(EM) algorithm and the Bayesian method is employed. Furthermore, the Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC) isutilized to identify critical change points in PV module degradation trajectories. To validate the universality andeffectiveness of the proposed method, a comparative analysis is conducted against other established life predictiontechniques for PV modules.
文摘This work proposes a novel heating and cooling system,with incorporated thermoelectric module,that can achieve energy balance using a self-water supply heat exchange subsystem.The thermoelectric effect is used to achieve controlled and adjustable heating of the circulating water.Simulations were conducted to study the thermal performance of the system while it simultaneously produces hot and cold water,with different working conditions for the hot-and cold-side water outlets.The results show that the water temperature at the hot side outlet increases from 32℃to 75℃when the power increases from 4.5 to 50 W.Additionally,the use of thermoelectric modules to heat water and recover waste heat is 22%more efficient than ordinary electric water heating systems.
基金Supported by the European Committee6th Research Framework Program in the Project HECTO
文摘Traditional intensity modulated two-level electrical time-division multiplexing （ETDM） transmission systems working at 100 -112 Gbit/s were investigated. The complete ETDM systems based on monolithically integrated transmitter and receiver modules were demonstrated with biterror-rate （BER） performance of 10-s at 107 Gbit/s, and near error-free standard forward error correction （FEC） threshold （2 × 10 -3） at 112 Gbit/s. The experiment results showed that directly modulated high-speed ETDM transmission systems with the symbol rates at 100 Gbaud and beyond were promising candidate for cost-effective 100 GbE applications and might be a preform of the next generation of Terabit/s Ethernet.
文摘In order to improve the service life of solar street lamp, it is necessary to manage the lamp＇s battery in the form of on-line detection via wireless communanication. A wireless managonent systean for solar street lamp based on nanoLOC AVR nttlule is researched in this paper, the system can real-timely detect the solar street lamp＇s battery voltage, corrent, tonperature, internal resistance, residual capacity and so on. And the collected data is transmitted to computer＇ s management via wireless connnunication to achieve recording, storage, analysis and processing for various parameters.
文摘The importance of the zeros of multwariable linear systems is well-knoiun in terms of measure obstructions to the controllability and the. observability. In this paper, a recursive decarnposi Am oj interconnected systems is outlined by taking into account the sequential structure of the connnections. The paper extends the, coordinate, module-theoretic studies from the elementary algebraic systems theory to include the case oj such linear interconnected systems which need not to be controllable or observable. Also, the properties of controllability and observability, the decoupling zeros and the signal Making issues are characterized.
基金Course Construction of Customs Practice,China(No.z201308003)
文摘Reverse logistics are playing more and more important role with the development of competition and the social responsibility of enterprises.It could be divided into commission acceptance,recycling and returned goods handling.Reverse logistics information system consists of the database establishment,network structure and logic structure design.The collection,storage,processing,transmission and output functions of the reverse logistics information system were discussed in the thesis.Eventually,it established seven modules for the reverse logistics information system including the system management module,oriented module,returning goods processing module,reverse transportation management module,information sharing module,statistical analysis module and cost control module.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072072,52025121,52394263).
文摘With the advent of in-wheel motors and corner modules,the structure of vehicle chassis subsystems has shifted from traditionally centralized to distributed.This review focuses on the distributed chassis system(DCS)equipped with corner modules.It first provides a comprehensive summary and description of the revolution of the structure and control methods of vehicle chassis systems(including driving,braking,suspension,and steering systems).Given that DCS integrates various chassis subsystems,this review moves beyond individual subsystem analysis and delves into the coordination of these subsystems at the vehicle level.It provides a detailed summary of the methods and architectures used for integrated coordination and control,ensuring that multiple subsystems can function seamlessly as an integrated whole.Finally,this review summarizes the latest distributed control architecture for DCS.It also examines current control theories in the fields of control and information technology for distributed systems,such as multi-agent systems and cyber-physical systems.Based on these two control approaches,a multi-domain cooperative control framework for DCS is proposed.
