We present comparisons of the NO2 regional Chemical Transport Model （CTM） simulations over North-eastern North America during the time period from May to September, 1998 with hourly surface NO2 observations and the ...We present comparisons of the NO2 regional Chemical Transport Model （CTM） simulations over North-eastern North America during the time period from May to September, 1998 with hourly surface NO2 observations and the NO2 columns retrieved from the GOME （Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment） satellite instrument. The model calculations were performed using the Mesoscale Meteorological Model 5 （MM5）, Sparse Matrix Operator Kernal Emissions （SMOKE）, and Community Multiscale Air Quality （CMAQ） modeling systems, using the emission data from the National Emissions Inventory （NEI） databases of 1996 （U.S.） and 1995 （Canada）. The major objectives were to assess the performance of the CMAQ model and the accuracy of the emissions inventories as they affected the simulations of this important short-lived atmospheric species. The modeled （NcMAQ） and measured （NGOME） NO2 column amounts, as well as their temporal variations, agreed reasonably well. The absolute differences （NcMAQ-NGOME） across the domain were between ±3.0×10^15 molecules cm^-2, but they were less than ±1.0×10^15 molecules cm^-2 over the majority （80%） of the domain studied. The overall correlation coefficient between the measurements and the simulations was 0.75. The differences were mainly ascribed to a combination of inaccurate emission data for the CTM and the uncertainties in the GOME retrievals. Of these, the former were the more easily identifiable.展开更多
基于中尺度天气研究与预报(Weather Research and Forecasting,WRF)模式和区域多尺度空气质量(Community Multiscale Air Quality,CMAQ)模式及其伴随(ADJOINT)模式(WRF-CMAQ/ADJOINT模式)对2019年9月海南一次持续10日(9月21-30日)的臭氧...基于中尺度天气研究与预报(Weather Research and Forecasting,WRF)模式和区域多尺度空气质量(Community Multiscale Air Quality,CMAQ)模式及其伴随(ADJOINT)模式(WRF-CMAQ/ADJOINT模式)对2019年9月海南一次持续10日(9月21-30日)的臭氧(O_(3))污染事件进行模拟,对O_(3)污染进行来源解析,量化不同区域和物种排放源对O_(3)污染事件的贡献。结果表明:(1)污染事件期间,臭氧日最大8小时(MDA8-O_(3))平均质量浓度为167μg·m^(-3),其中MDA8-O_(3)峰值质量浓度达到186.1μg·m^(-3)。(2)WRF-CMAQ/ADJOINT模式能够较好模拟海南此次污染事件的O_(3)质量浓度变化过程,伴随模式揭示远距离区域传输是此次O_(3)污染的主要来源,其中海南外排放源平均贡献占比85%,本地排放源平均贡献占比15%,海南外排放源的贡献集中在珠三角地区。(3)对挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)排放物种来源分析结果表明,异戊二烯在VOCs排放源中贡献最高,平均贡献占比为51%。此次O_(3)污染事件期间海南主要处于NO_(x)控制区,仅有海口处于VOCs和NO_(x)的协同控制区。由于远距离区域传输是此次O_(3)污染事件的主要来源,未来海南和珠三角的区域联防联控对于提高海南空气质量具有重要意义。展开更多
文摘We present comparisons of the NO2 regional Chemical Transport Model （CTM） simulations over North-eastern North America during the time period from May to September, 1998 with hourly surface NO2 observations and the NO2 columns retrieved from the GOME （Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment） satellite instrument. The model calculations were performed using the Mesoscale Meteorological Model 5 （MM5）, Sparse Matrix Operator Kernal Emissions （SMOKE）, and Community Multiscale Air Quality （CMAQ） modeling systems, using the emission data from the National Emissions Inventory （NEI） databases of 1996 （U.S.） and 1995 （Canada）. The major objectives were to assess the performance of the CMAQ model and the accuracy of the emissions inventories as they affected the simulations of this important short-lived atmospheric species. The modeled （NcMAQ） and measured （NGOME） NO2 column amounts, as well as their temporal variations, agreed reasonably well. The absolute differences （NcMAQ-NGOME） across the domain were between ±3.0×10^15 molecules cm^-2, but they were less than ±1.0×10^15 molecules cm^-2 over the majority （80%） of the domain studied. The overall correlation coefficient between the measurements and the simulations was 0.75. The differences were mainly ascribed to a combination of inaccurate emission data for the CTM and the uncertainties in the GOME retrievals. Of these, the former were the more easily identifiable.
文摘基于中尺度天气研究与预报(Weather Research and Forecasting,WRF)模式和区域多尺度空气质量(Community Multiscale Air Quality,CMAQ)模式及其伴随(ADJOINT)模式(WRF-CMAQ/ADJOINT模式)对2019年9月海南一次持续10日(9月21-30日)的臭氧(O_(3))污染事件进行模拟,对O_(3)污染进行来源解析,量化不同区域和物种排放源对O_(3)污染事件的贡献。结果表明:(1)污染事件期间,臭氧日最大8小时(MDA8-O_(3))平均质量浓度为167μg·m^(-3),其中MDA8-O_(3)峰值质量浓度达到186.1μg·m^(-3)。(2)WRF-CMAQ/ADJOINT模式能够较好模拟海南此次污染事件的O_(3)质量浓度变化过程,伴随模式揭示远距离区域传输是此次O_(3)污染的主要来源,其中海南外排放源平均贡献占比85%,本地排放源平均贡献占比15%,海南外排放源的贡献集中在珠三角地区。(3)对挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)排放物种来源分析结果表明,异戊二烯在VOCs排放源中贡献最高,平均贡献占比为51%。此次O_(3)污染事件期间海南主要处于NO_(x)控制区,仅有海口处于VOCs和NO_(x)的协同控制区。由于远距离区域传输是此次O_(3)污染事件的主要来源,未来海南和珠三角的区域联防联控对于提高海南空气质量具有重要意义。
