Al/conductive coating/α-Pb O2-Ce O2-Ti O2/β-PbO 2-MnO 2-WC-Zr O2 composite electrode material was prepared on Al/conductive coating/α-PbO 2-Ce O2-Ti O2 substrate by electrochemical oxidation co-deposition technique...Al/conductive coating/α-Pb O2-Ce O2-Ti O2/β-PbO 2-MnO 2-WC-Zr O2 composite electrode material was prepared on Al/conductive coating/α-PbO 2-Ce O2-Ti O2 substrate by electrochemical oxidation co-deposition technique. The effects of current density on the chemical composition, electrocatalytic activity, and stability of the composite anode material were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDXS）, anode polarization curves, quasi-stationary polarization（Tafel） curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. Results reveal that the composite electrode obtained at 1 A/dm2 possesses the lowest overpotential（0.610 V at 500 A/m2） for oxygen evolution, the best electrocatalytic activity, the longest service life（360 h at 40 °C in 150 g/L H2SO4 solution under 2 A/cm2）, and the lowest cell voltage（2.75 V at 500 A/m2）. Furthermore, with increasing current density, the coating exhibits grain growth and the decrease of content of Mn O2. Only a slight effect on crystalline structure is observed.展开更多
Al/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 composite electrodes doped with rare earth oxide （CeO2） were prepared by anodic oxidation method investigate the influence of nano-CeO2 dopants on the properties of Al/α-PbO2/β-PbO2-CeO2 electro...Al/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 composite electrodes doped with rare earth oxide （CeO2） were prepared by anodic oxidation method investigate the influence of nano-CeO2 dopants on the properties of Al/α-PbO2/β-PbO2-CeO2 electrodes and the impact of α-PbO2 as the intermediate layer. The results show that using α-PbO2 as the intermediate layer will benefit the crystallization of β-PbO2 and β-PbO2 is more suitable as the surface layer than α-PbO2. CeO2 dopants change the crystallite size and crystal structure, enhance the catalytic activity, and even change the deposition mechanism of PbO2. The doping of CeO2 in the PbO2 electrodes can enhance the electro-catalytic activity, which is helpful for oxygen evolution, and therefore reduce the cell voltage.展开更多
Uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and infinite volume fluctuation during durative plating and stripping process gravely hinder the application of metallic Li electrode in lithium-oxygen batteries.Herein,oxygen vacancy...Uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and infinite volume fluctuation during durative plating and stripping process gravely hinder the application of metallic Li electrode in lithium-oxygen batteries.Herein,oxygen vacancy-rich TiO_(2)(Vo-TiO_(2))nanoparticles(NPs)uniformly dispersing on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(Vo-TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x))with excellent lithiophilicity feature are presented as effective composite anodes,on which a dense and uniform Li growth behavior is observed.Based on electrochemical studies,mutiphysics simulation and theoretical calculation,it is found that Vo-TiO_(2) coupling with three dimensional(3 D)conductive Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x) MXene forms highly ordered lithiophilic sites which succeed in guiding Li ions flux and adsorption,thus modulating the uniform Li nucleation and growth.As a result,this composite electrode is capable of preserving Li with high areal capacity of~10 mAh cm^(-2) without the presence of dendrites and large volume expansion.Consequently,the as-prepared Vo-TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x)@Li anode shows outstanding performance including low voltage hysteresis(~19 mV)and superior durability(over 750 h).When assembling with the Vo-TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x)@Li anodes,lithium-oxygen batteries also deliver enhanced cycling stability and improved rate performance.This work demonstrates the effectiveness of oxygen vacancies in guiding Li nucleating and plating behavior at initial stage and brings a promising strategy for promoting the development of advanced Li metal-based batteries.展开更多
The demand for sustainable and stretchable thin-film printed batteries for bioelectronics,wearables,and e-textiles is rapidly increasing.Recently,we developed a fully 3D-printed soft-matter thin-film Ga-Ag_(2)O batter...The demand for sustainable and stretchable thin-film printed batteries for bioelectronics,wearables,and e-textiles is rapidly increasing.Recently,we developed a fully 3D-printed soft-matter thin-film Ga-Ag_(2)O battery with 3R characteristics:resilient to mechanical strain,repairable after damage,and recyclable.This battery achieved a record-breaking areal capacity of 26.37 mAh cm-2,increasing to 30.32 mAh cm^(-2) after 10 cycles under 100%strain.This performance stems from the synergistic effects of gallium’s liquid metal properties and the styrene-isoprene-styrene polymer in the anode.Gallium’s high specific capacity(1153.2 mAh g^(-1)),deformability,and self-healing abilities,supported by its supercooled liquid phase,significantly enhance the battery’s resilience and efficiency.However,the cathode’s lower theoretical capacity,due to Ag_(2)O(231.31 mAh g^(-1)),remains a limitation.Traditional Ag_(2)O-carbon black-styrene-isoprene-styrene cathodes experience rapid capacity decay as only the surface area of the active materials interacts with the electrolyte.To overcome this,we designed a carbon-filled Ag_(2)O foam electrode using a sacrificial sugar template,increasing the effective surface area.This optimization enhanced ion-exchange efficiency,specific capacity,and cyclability,achieving a specific capacity of 221.16 mAh g^(-1).Consequently,the Ga-Ag_(2)O stretchable battery attained a record areal capacity of 40.91 mAh cm^(-2)—double that of nonfoam electrodes—and exhibited fivefold improved charge-discharge cycles.Using ultrastretchable Ag-EGaIn-styrene-isoprene-styrene and carbon black-styrene-isoprene-styrene current collectors,the battery’s specific capacity increased by 33%under 50%strain.Integrated into a soft-matter smart wristband for temperature monitoring,the battery demonstrated its promise for wearable electronics.展开更多
MnO 2 was prepared by column method from normal spinel LiMn 2O 4 with purity of 99.38%.The influence of LiMn 2O 4 grain size and acidity of leaching solution on the lithium leaching process was studied.The result...MnO 2 was prepared by column method from normal spinel LiMn 2O 4 with purity of 99.38%.The influence of LiMn 2O 4 grain size and acidity of leaching solution on the lithium leaching process was studied.The results show that the appropriate range of LiMn 2O 4 grain size was 60-160 meshes and the concentration of leaching solution HCl was 0.1 mol·L -1.The adsorption capacity Q of λ-MnO 2 for lithium increased with the increase of pH and changed markedly at pH 6.0-10.0.It was 3.80mmol/g at pH 12.0.The distribution coefficients K d of Li + and Na + were 3.406×10 4 and 2.300 respectively,and the separation coefficient α Li Na was 1.481×10 4 at pH 6.5.As a result,λ-MnO 2 is a high performance ion-sieve material for lithium ion.展开更多
<span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Considering the great potential of composite electrode with carbon and transition metal oxides as a future ideal form...<span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Considering the great potential of composite electrode with carbon and transition metal oxides as a future ideal form of electrode for future energy storing system, many efforts have been devoted into such aspect of research. Sweet potato-derived carbon framework with nanosheet form of MnO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> anchored on it was carried out through the low-temperature solution grown technique, which is simple, low-cost, and applicable for large-scale commercial production. Such form of composite electrode can facilitate the inner transportation of electrons and ions, and offer high specific capacitance (309 F/g at 0.5 A/g) with comparable discharging rate capability (94 F/g at 20 A/g), which reasonably can be regarded as a superior form of composite electrode.展开更多
基金Projects(51004056,51004057)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(KKZ6201152009)supported by the Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials,Chinese Academy of Sciences+2 种基金Project(2010ZC052)supported by the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province,ChinaProject(20125314110011)supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,ChinaProject(2010247)supported by Analysis&Testing Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China
文摘Al/conductive coating/α-Pb O2-Ce O2-Ti O2/β-PbO 2-MnO 2-WC-Zr O2 composite electrode material was prepared on Al/conductive coating/α-PbO 2-Ce O2-Ti O2 substrate by electrochemical oxidation co-deposition technique. The effects of current density on the chemical composition, electrocatalytic activity, and stability of the composite anode material were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDXS）, anode polarization curves, quasi-stationary polarization（Tafel） curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. Results reveal that the composite electrode obtained at 1 A/dm2 possesses the lowest overpotential（0.610 V at 500 A/m2） for oxygen evolution, the best electrocatalytic activity, the longest service life（360 h at 40 °C in 150 g/L H2SO4 solution under 2 A/cm2）, and the lowest cell voltage（2.75 V at 500 A/m2）. Furthermore, with increasing current density, the coating exhibits grain growth and the decrease of content of Mn O2. Only a slight effect on crystalline structure is observed.
基金Project(50964008)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2010287)supported by Analysis and Testing Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China
文摘Al/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 composite electrodes doped with rare earth oxide （CeO2） were prepared by anodic oxidation method investigate the influence of nano-CeO2 dopants on the properties of Al/α-PbO2/β-PbO2-CeO2 electrodes and the impact of α-PbO2 as the intermediate layer. The results show that using α-PbO2 as the intermediate layer will benefit the crystallization of β-PbO2 and β-PbO2 is more suitable as the surface layer than α-PbO2. CeO2 dopants change the crystallite size and crystal structure, enhance the catalytic activity, and even change the deposition mechanism of PbO2. The doping of CeO2 in the PbO2 electrodes can enhance the electro-catalytic activity, which is helpful for oxygen evolution, and therefore reduce the cell voltage.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21905033)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2019YJ0503)the State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization(2020P4FZG02A)。
文摘Uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and infinite volume fluctuation during durative plating and stripping process gravely hinder the application of metallic Li electrode in lithium-oxygen batteries.Herein,oxygen vacancy-rich TiO_(2)(Vo-TiO_(2))nanoparticles(NPs)uniformly dispersing on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(Vo-TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x))with excellent lithiophilicity feature are presented as effective composite anodes,on which a dense and uniform Li growth behavior is observed.Based on electrochemical studies,mutiphysics simulation and theoretical calculation,it is found that Vo-TiO_(2) coupling with three dimensional(3 D)conductive Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x) MXene forms highly ordered lithiophilic sites which succeed in guiding Li ions flux and adsorption,thus modulating the uniform Li nucleation and growth.As a result,this composite electrode is capable of preserving Li with high areal capacity of~10 mAh cm^(-2) without the presence of dendrites and large volume expansion.Consequently,the as-prepared Vo-TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x)@Li anode shows outstanding performance including low voltage hysteresis(~19 mV)and superior durability(over 750 h).When assembling with the Vo-TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) T_(x)@Li anodes,lithium-oxygen batteries also deliver enhanced cycling stability and improved rate performance.This work demonstrates the effectiveness of oxygen vacancies in guiding Li nucleating and plating behavior at initial stage and brings a promising strategy for promoting the development of advanced Li metal-based batteries.
基金supported by the European Research Council,ERC project Liquid3D,grant number 101045072supported by the Foundation of Science and Technology(FCT)of Portugal through the CMU-Portugal project WoW(Reference No:45913).
文摘The demand for sustainable and stretchable thin-film printed batteries for bioelectronics,wearables,and e-textiles is rapidly increasing.Recently,we developed a fully 3D-printed soft-matter thin-film Ga-Ag_(2)O battery with 3R characteristics:resilient to mechanical strain,repairable after damage,and recyclable.This battery achieved a record-breaking areal capacity of 26.37 mAh cm-2,increasing to 30.32 mAh cm^(-2) after 10 cycles under 100%strain.This performance stems from the synergistic effects of gallium’s liquid metal properties and the styrene-isoprene-styrene polymer in the anode.Gallium’s high specific capacity(1153.2 mAh g^(-1)),deformability,and self-healing abilities,supported by its supercooled liquid phase,significantly enhance the battery’s resilience and efficiency.However,the cathode’s lower theoretical capacity,due to Ag_(2)O(231.31 mAh g^(-1)),remains a limitation.Traditional Ag_(2)O-carbon black-styrene-isoprene-styrene cathodes experience rapid capacity decay as only the surface area of the active materials interacts with the electrolyte.To overcome this,we designed a carbon-filled Ag_(2)O foam electrode using a sacrificial sugar template,increasing the effective surface area.This optimization enhanced ion-exchange efficiency,specific capacity,and cyclability,achieving a specific capacity of 221.16 mAh g^(-1).Consequently,the Ga-Ag_(2)O stretchable battery attained a record areal capacity of 40.91 mAh cm^(-2)—double that of nonfoam electrodes—and exhibited fivefold improved charge-discharge cycles.Using ultrastretchable Ag-EGaIn-styrene-isoprene-styrene and carbon black-styrene-isoprene-styrene current collectors,the battery’s specific capacity increased by 33%under 50%strain.Integrated into a soft-matter smart wristband for temperature monitoring,the battery demonstrated its promise for wearable electronics.
基金theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChi na (No .5 9972 0 2 7)theNaturalScienceFoundationofHubeiProvince (No .2 0 0 2AB0 74) )
文摘MnO 2 was prepared by column method from normal spinel LiMn 2O 4 with purity of 99.38%.The influence of LiMn 2O 4 grain size and acidity of leaching solution on the lithium leaching process was studied.The results show that the appropriate range of LiMn 2O 4 grain size was 60-160 meshes and the concentration of leaching solution HCl was 0.1 mol·L -1.The adsorption capacity Q of λ-MnO 2 for lithium increased with the increase of pH and changed markedly at pH 6.0-10.0.It was 3.80mmol/g at pH 12.0.The distribution coefficients K d of Li + and Na + were 3.406×10 4 and 2.300 respectively,and the separation coefficient α Li Na was 1.481×10 4 at pH 6.5.As a result,λ-MnO 2 is a high performance ion-sieve material for lithium ion.
文摘<span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Considering the great potential of composite electrode with carbon and transition metal oxides as a future ideal form of electrode for future energy storing system, many efforts have been devoted into such aspect of research. Sweet potato-derived carbon framework with nanosheet form of MnO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> anchored on it was carried out through the low-temperature solution grown technique, which is simple, low-cost, and applicable for large-scale commercial production. Such form of composite electrode can facilitate the inner transportation of electrons and ions, and offer high specific capacitance (309 F/g at 0.5 A/g) with comparable discharging rate capability (94 F/g at 20 A/g), which reasonably can be regarded as a superior form of composite electrode.
