Human beings have had a tremendous i mpact on natural ecosystems and are n ow the principal power to change the biosphere.It is logical t hat we should pay close attention to t he interaction between human system s an...Human beings have had a tremendous i mpact on natural ecosystems and are n ow the principal power to change the biosphere.It is logical t hat we should pay close attention to t he interaction between human system s and environ-mental systems.Taking Minqin basin,Gansu Province,as a case,this paper focuses on the evolution of regional physi-cal environments and the cultural sy stems by which people maintain their relationships with those environme nts.This pa-per presents the conceptual framewo rk for the man-land system.Expectin g to accelerate the regional sustain able develop-ment,it also analyses the evolution ary mechanism of regional man-land s ystem.On the basis of reviewing and a nalyzing the evolution of man-land system in Minqin basin,the paper also brings fo rward an adjusting mode for the studi ed area,which consists of three aspects:to b uild up a concept that economic growt h must harmonize with environmental quality’s and land productivity’s improvemen t;to make a whole planning and management in the drainage area;and to push for-ward the technique of water-saving i rrigation and establish water-saving agricultural system.It’s meanin gful for resource exploitation and sustainable development of Chinese northwestern arid area,which is represented by Minqin basin,by under-standing what great changes the basin has experienced and is experiencin g at the global background,and studying its time order and territorial structure,th e system’s character and law of evolu tion,trend and the regulating ways t o improve man-land relationship.展开更多
Introduction:Arid area is an important base for human settlement,however,long and drastic human activities have altered the drainage patterns in the arid watersheds significantly,causing serious ecological consequence...Introduction:Arid area is an important base for human settlement,however,long and drastic human activities have altered the drainage patterns in the arid watersheds significantly,causing serious ecological consequences.This study,through a case study of the Minqin Basin,a microcosm of the artificial oases in the arid northwest China,used the multitypes of data to recover the spatial distribution of human settlement and drainage patterns during historical period and analyze the relationship between them over the past 2000 years.Outcomes:Before the Han Dynasty(121 BC),the utilization of water resources in the Minqin Basin was in the primitive stage and the drainage pattern maintained the natural state.From the Han(121 BC-220)to the Wei-Jin Dynasties(220-316),the utilization of water resources intensified unprecedentedly,but the natural shape of the river systems was still maintained.In the following 1,000 years or so,the drainage pattern was in the state of“following its own course”due to the small human population.In the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644),with the alteration of the main rivers,the water resource utilization increased obviously,but the human reclamations were mainly confined to the southern part of the basin.In the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911),the reclamation of the Liulin Lake area significantly changed the drainage patterns,resulted in the drastically northward expansion of human settlement.Since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)in 1949,the artificial water system completely replaced the natural water system and intensified the ecological problems in the basin.Discussion:The changes over the past 2000 years show the drastic impacts of human activities on the alterations of the drainage patterns and related ecological problems in the arid Northwest China.Conclusion:Rehabilitation of such ecological impairments requires both ecological restoration projects and changes in human paradigm and behavior over multiple temporal and spatial scales.展开更多
民勤盆地位于石羊河流域下游,是中国西北干旱区典型沙漠绿洲生态系统,亦是河西走廊东北部重要生态安全屏障。自20世纪60年代起,受上游来水锐减、人口增长与土地过度开发叠加影响,区域地下水超采问题加剧,引发“沙进人退”、绿洲萎缩、...民勤盆地位于石羊河流域下游,是中国西北干旱区典型沙漠绿洲生态系统,亦是河西走廊东北部重要生态安全屏障。自20世纪60年代起,受上游来水锐减、人口增长与土地过度开发叠加影响,区域地下水超采问题加剧,引发“沙进人退”、绿洲萎缩、荒漠化面积扩大等生态危机,成为全国荒漠化与沙化最严重区域之一。本研究基于2000—2024年近25年生态补水工程的地下水动态监测数据与工程运行资料,通过趋势分析、统计检验等方法,对民勤盆地地下水位变化规律进行研究。结果表明,生态补水工程使民勤盆地地下水位下降速率显著减缓,2024年地下水水位恢复到3.18 m,较生态补水前上升0.60 m,湖区形成27.65 km 2的水域。研究结果显示,生态补水工程通过外调水源补充地下水亏空,是遏制民勤盆地生态退化、保障水资源可持续利用的核心举措,盆地绿洲植被恢复、荒漠化逆转等生态效益有望持续提升。展开更多
文摘Human beings have had a tremendous i mpact on natural ecosystems and are n ow the principal power to change the biosphere.It is logical t hat we should pay close attention to t he interaction between human system s and environ-mental systems.Taking Minqin basin,Gansu Province,as a case,this paper focuses on the evolution of regional physi-cal environments and the cultural sy stems by which people maintain their relationships with those environme nts.This pa-per presents the conceptual framewo rk for the man-land system.Expectin g to accelerate the regional sustain able develop-ment,it also analyses the evolution ary mechanism of regional man-land s ystem.On the basis of reviewing and a nalyzing the evolution of man-land system in Minqin basin,the paper also brings fo rward an adjusting mode for the studi ed area,which consists of three aspects:to b uild up a concept that economic growt h must harmonize with environmental quality’s and land productivity’s improvemen t;to make a whole planning and management in the drainage area;and to push for-ward the technique of water-saving i rrigation and establish water-saving agricultural system.It’s meanin gful for resource exploitation and sustainable development of Chinese northwestern arid area,which is represented by Minqin basin,by under-standing what great changes the basin has experienced and is experiencin g at the global background,and studying its time order and territorial structure,th e system’s character and law of evolu tion,trend and the regulating ways t o improve man-land relationship.
基金This study was partially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC Grants:41471163,41530752,91025010,and 40401060).
文摘Introduction:Arid area is an important base for human settlement,however,long and drastic human activities have altered the drainage patterns in the arid watersheds significantly,causing serious ecological consequences.This study,through a case study of the Minqin Basin,a microcosm of the artificial oases in the arid northwest China,used the multitypes of data to recover the spatial distribution of human settlement and drainage patterns during historical period and analyze the relationship between them over the past 2000 years.Outcomes:Before the Han Dynasty(121 BC),the utilization of water resources in the Minqin Basin was in the primitive stage and the drainage pattern maintained the natural state.From the Han(121 BC-220)to the Wei-Jin Dynasties(220-316),the utilization of water resources intensified unprecedentedly,but the natural shape of the river systems was still maintained.In the following 1,000 years or so,the drainage pattern was in the state of“following its own course”due to the small human population.In the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644),with the alteration of the main rivers,the water resource utilization increased obviously,but the human reclamations were mainly confined to the southern part of the basin.In the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911),the reclamation of the Liulin Lake area significantly changed the drainage patterns,resulted in the drastically northward expansion of human settlement.Since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)in 1949,the artificial water system completely replaced the natural water system and intensified the ecological problems in the basin.Discussion:The changes over the past 2000 years show the drastic impacts of human activities on the alterations of the drainage patterns and related ecological problems in the arid Northwest China.Conclusion:Rehabilitation of such ecological impairments requires both ecological restoration projects and changes in human paradigm and behavior over multiple temporal and spatial scales.
文摘民勤盆地位于石羊河流域下游,是中国西北干旱区典型沙漠绿洲生态系统,亦是河西走廊东北部重要生态安全屏障。自20世纪60年代起,受上游来水锐减、人口增长与土地过度开发叠加影响,区域地下水超采问题加剧,引发“沙进人退”、绿洲萎缩、荒漠化面积扩大等生态危机,成为全国荒漠化与沙化最严重区域之一。本研究基于2000—2024年近25年生态补水工程的地下水动态监测数据与工程运行资料,通过趋势分析、统计检验等方法,对民勤盆地地下水位变化规律进行研究。结果表明,生态补水工程使民勤盆地地下水位下降速率显著减缓,2024年地下水水位恢复到3.18 m,较生态补水前上升0.60 m,湖区形成27.65 km 2的水域。研究结果显示,生态补水工程通过外调水源补充地下水亏空,是遏制民勤盆地生态退化、保障水资源可持续利用的核心举措,盆地绿洲植被恢复、荒漠化逆转等生态效益有望持续提升。
