After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors...After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors had been neglected in planning and design of farmers' residential area at the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River,"regional characteristic" losing,residential area in the form of "city community" and buildings in European style.In view of these problems,relevant planning and design thoughts and methods had been proposed as to how to create "regional characteristic" from the perspective of planning,architecture and landscape design.It discussed with emphasis the importance of construction base type and combination of environment with residential area construction;inspirations and design methods obtained from traditional architectures;and the content of landscape overall planning and specific design.It was hoped to enlighten designers to shoulder social and historical responsibility,make exploration unremittingly,and construct beautiful homelands for people.展开更多
Garden plant landscape is one of the main contents of low-carbon landscape design in residential areas. From the basic theory of garden plant landscaping, we put forth five principles and ideas concerning the building...Garden plant landscape is one of the main contents of low-carbon landscape design in residential areas. From the basic theory of garden plant landscaping, we put forth five principles and ideas concerning the building of evaluation indicator system of garden plant landscape, to establish the indicator system with ecological quality, recreational function and aesthetic effect as three layers. According to the characteristics of evaluation system, we use qualitative and quantitative integration method, coupled with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and expert consulting method, to determine the weight of various factors. And we use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to test this indicator system, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the research on evaluation indicator system of low-carbon landscape.展开更多
The relationship between children's activities and public spaces was analyzed and summarized from three perspectives, namely, children's demands on outdoor activity spaces, factors infl uencing children's ...The relationship between children's activities and public spaces was analyzed and summarized from three perspectives, namely, children's demands on outdoor activity spaces, factors infl uencing children's behavior requirements, and planning strategies. The paper provided theoretical support for exploring the relationship between children's activities and public spaces, and proposed planning strategies for improving use effi ciency of urban outdoor public spaces and facilities, and creating public spaces capable of meeting children's psychological needs.展开更多
In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discri...In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discriminated against Israel＇s Arab minority, as opposed to the majority of Israel＇s society, as part of different issues bound up with this population＇s daily functioning. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons why Eshkol＇s doing away with the martial law stemmed was its ineffectiveness, while the other, and this makes up the core of our concern here, was his changing attitude toward the Arab minority in Israel, by contrast with that of his predecessor, David Ben Gurion The main conclusion of the paper is that even though Eshkol＇s ideas about the Arab minority were not very different from Ben Gurion＇s ideas one insisted on maintaining the military government in Israel, while the other saw this as unnecessary, and so brought it to an end. In August 1963, a few months after assuming office, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the first steps leading to the annulment of military rulet which had applied to Arabs in the State of Israel ever since the end of the War of Independence （1948）. This process was concluded some three years later. Military rule was lifted in effect on December 1, 1966. In the presentation, the author would like to look into the considerations which prompted Eshkol to take such a step, in light of the fact that his predecessor, Ben Gurion, was a staunch opponent of annulling the military regime, convinced as he was, even after the conclusion of his term in office, that the current state of affairs should remain in effect.展开更多
Based on the gray theory and GM （1, 1） model, the life quality indexes in next few years are predicted using the statistical data of the life quality indexes of Yunnan＇ s 8 minority areas in recent years and also c...Based on the gray theory and GM （1, 1） model, the life quality indexes in next few years are predicted using the statistical data of the life quality indexes of Yunnan＇ s 8 minority areas in recent years and also compared with the standard value （2020） of building the national well-off society, and the differences between them are measured and calculated. Thus, effective reference information is provided for the decision-making of government.展开更多
Based on the gray theory and GM （1, 1） model, the various indexes in 2013-2020 are predicted using the data of all indexes of the economic development of Yunnan＇ s 8 minority areas in 2013-2020 and also compared wi...Based on the gray theory and GM （1, 1） model, the various indexes in 2013-2020 are predicted using the data of all indexes of the economic development of Yunnan＇ s 8 minority areas in 2013-2020 and also compared with the standard values of all indexes of building a well-off society in 2020, and the differences between them are analyzed. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference basis for Yunnan province＇ s government to analyze the economic development of the minority areas.展开更多
A significant public health concern with regards to increasing rates of Alzheimer’s is that it disproportionately affects minority groups in the United States.The present ecological exploratory study uses secondary a...A significant public health concern with regards to increasing rates of Alzheimer’s is that it disproportionately affects minority groups in the United States.The present ecological exploratory study uses secondary aggregate data from the fifty United States in the year of 2019.The purpose of this study was to address the disparities in Alzheimer’s in minority populations in the US and explore associated factors.The“minority”populations considered were African American and Hispanic populations,and the“majority”population was referred to as“white”.The data were extracted from the United States Census Bureau,the CDC National Center for Health Statistics,and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS)Dataset.The prevalence rates of Alzheimer’s disease are greatest in both older Hispanic(12.2%)and African Americans(13.8%),compared to older whites(10.3%)in the investigated time period.Our results showed that being over 65 years old(p=.009),with a below-average($62,843)median household income(p=.024),history of stroke(p=.029),and being a part of the Hispanic population(p=.036),were significantly associated with Alzheimer’s mortality rates in the United States.By identifying disparities in access to Alzheimer’s healthcare and at-risk communities,more comprehensive intervention strategies can be developed to promote change and advocate for more Alzheimer’s education and resource allocation for minority populations.展开更多
The majority of the literature on the transformation of cultural promotion space in old residential areas in the United States and abroad is written from the top-down perspective of God,such as architects,planners,dev...The majority of the literature on the transformation of cultural promotion space in old residential areas in the United States and abroad is written from the top-down perspective of God,such as architects,planners,developers,and even government officials,and only a few of them examine the designer’s work from the perspective of aborigines.To sample life and gain insight into human nature,find another means to be as near to the public as possible,listen to the voice of users,and conduct an in-depth examination of the freestyle works altered by the old residential districts through the“people’s architectural planner.”展开更多
Although Pampus minor has been classified as a new species, it still remains controversial. Was used a DNA barcoding technique based on homologous sequence analysis of the16S and CO1 genes to clarify the confusion ove...Although Pampus minor has been classified as a new species, it still remains controversial. Was used a DNA barcoding technique based on homologous sequence analysis of the16S and CO1 genes to clarify the confusion over the identification of this species. Among 12 individuals whose genetic distance was 0.002, two haplotypes were found. According to the 16S sequences, the genetic distances ranged from 0.121 to 0.133 between P. minor and other Pampus species. Although the same the genetic distance between the two P minor haplotypes was generated using CO1 sequences, the haplotype of Pm22-23, Pm28, and Pm32-33 was the same as that of Pci EF607462 and EF607466, while the haplotype of Pm24-27 and Pm29-31 was the same as that of Pci EF607461 and EF607463-65. In addition, the genetic distance ranged only from 0.002 to 0.005 between P minor and Pa EF607460 and EF607458. Apart from this, the interspecies genetic distances varied from 0.135 to 0.143 between P minor and other t＇ampus species according to the C01 sequences. Phylogenetic trees, using combined 16S and CO1 data, strongly support the viewpoint that all the P. minor individuals form one clade that is in a sister position to Pampus sp. individuals （EU357803, FJ434342-FJ434343, and FJ652423-FJ652427）.展开更多
Inheritance of line Jinghe891-l resistant to pathotype of Puccinia striiformis in two patterns of temperature (Normal: day 18℃ /night 10℃ , High: day 24℃ /night 15℃ )was studied in this paper. The results showed t...Inheritance of line Jinghe891-l resistant to pathotype of Puccinia striiformis in two patterns of temperature (Normal: day 18℃ /night 10℃ , High: day 24℃ /night 15℃ )was studied in this paper. The results showed that there were at least two pairs of dominant major genes and one pair of recessive minor genes in Jinghe 891-1. The two pairs of major genes that conferred resistance to CY31 were allelic or linked closely with resistance gene in Jubilejna Ⅱ , Kangyin655 and T. spelta Album. They were novel resistance genes and were inherited in a repeated or independent mode. The minor genes, which could modify the major genes, were sensitive to temperature and conferred resistance to all pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis in China. It is recommended that this line can be used as an important resource stock.展开更多
The aggregate population of ethnic minorities has never accounted for more than 9 percent of China’s total, currently approaching 1.3 billion. Yet their development and prosperity have always been high on the agenda ...The aggregate population of ethnic minorities has never accounted for more than 9 percent of China’s total, currently approaching 1.3 billion. Yet their development and prosperity have always been high on the agenda of the leaders of the People’s Republic. One of the first things Chinese leaders did after New China was founded in 1949 was to conduct large-scale studies to identify the country’s ethnic groups and name them properly, based on scientific展开更多
The Great Western China Development Drive launched by China’s Central Authorities at the turn of the century is not only a strategic move to narrow the development gap between the eastern and western parts of the cou...The Great Western China Development Drive launched by China’s Central Authorities at the turn of the century is not only a strategic move to narrow the development gap between the eastern and western parts of the country an harmonious development of the national economy but also a major move for narrowing the development gap among different ethnic groups and further improving human rights of the people, especially minorities.展开更多
The State Council Information Office published on September 27, 2009, a white paper entitled China＇ s Policies toward Minorities and Common Prosperity and Development of All Nationalities. The white paper says that t...The State Council Information Office published on September 27, 2009, a white paper entitled China＇ s Policies toward Minorities and Common Prosperity and Development of All Nationalities. The white paper says that the policies well fit the national conditions and are correct. They are instrumental to promoting harmonious coexistence of all nationalities that work with one heart and one mind and in mutual cooperation; they have helped open up a good national situation characterized by economic development, political stability,展开更多
China has 56 ethnic groups, who speak a total of 120 languages. Chinese, China＇s official language, is spoken by the Han, Hui and Manethnic groups, and all the other ethnic groups have their own languages. About 15 m...China has 56 ethnic groups, who speak a total of 120 languages. Chinese, China＇s official language, is spoken by the Han, Hui and Manethnic groups, and all the other ethnic groups have their own languages. About 15 million people speak the Zhuang lan- guage, outnumbering speakers of any other ethnic minority language. Quite a few ethnic minority groups have two or even more spoken languages. Though belonging to the same ethnic group, the ethnic Yaos who live in different places speak four different languages -the Mian, Bunu, Lajia and Yangbu. The ethnic Jingpos also have four different spoken languages the Jingpo, Zaiwa, Langsu and Leqi.展开更多
At the end of June 2011, China had 29 reformatories for delinquent minors, where 17,149 convicts aged 18 oryounger were serving their terms. These facilities have persistently followed the policy of ＂combining punish...At the end of June 2011, China had 29 reformatories for delinquent minors, where 17,149 convicts aged 18 oryounger were serving their terms. These facilities have persistently followed the policy of ＂combining punishment with redemption, with redemption taken as the main objective＂ as well as a policy that calls for the integration of ＂educa- tion, persuasion and redemption＂ Good results have been achieved thanks to implementation of these policies, es- pecially since the People＇s Republic of China Law on the Protection of Minors was promulgated in September 1991.展开更多
The mating calls of six forms belonging to four genera Megophrys,Oreloalax,Scutiger and Leptolalax were recorded in Wawu Mountain National Forest Park,Sichuan Province of China,using cassette tape recorder (Aiwa) and ...The mating calls of six forms belonging to four genera Megophrys,Oreloalax,Scutiger and Leptolalax were recorded in Wawu Mountain National Forest Park,Sichuan Province of China,using cassette tape recorder (Aiwa) and Sony tape with an external microphone.All recordings were analyzed with an IBM PC based 'SIGNAL' software analysis system (Engineering Design,USA).The range of analyzed frequency was set as 0-10 kHz.Acoustic analysis shows that the dominant frequency of L.oshanensis,M.minor,M.sp.,S.(S.)chintingensis,O.omeimontis,and O.schmidti is 4521.9,3456.4,2293.8,1076.5,1071.0 and 1849.4 Hz on average respectively;the note duration is 46.2,90.8,99.6,72.2,78.8 and 110.3 millisecond on average respectively;the note interval is 140.4,253.0,681.4,1517.7,461.3 and 619.5 millisecond on average respectively.One-Way ANOVA analysis indicates that there are significant differences among the analyzed six forms on the dominant frequency,the note duration,and the note interval (P<0.01).Multiple comparisons using Least-Significant Difference (LSD) show that the difference of the dominant frequency between S.(S.) chintingensis and O.omeimontis is not significant (P=0.917>0.05);on the note duration,only L.oshanensis is significantly different from M.minor,M.sp.,O.omeimontis and O.schmidti (P<0.01);on the note interval,L.oshanensis is not significantly different from M.minor,the same with M.sp.versus O.schmidti and O.omeimontis versus O.schmidti (P>0.05).Correlation analysis indicates that there are no significant correlation among the three acoustic characters of dominant frequency,note duration and note interval,and two environmental factors of the elevation and air temperature (P>0.05) except that the note interval is significantly linear correlated with the elevation (r=0.943,P=0.005<0.01).In the light of above,it is suggested that acoustic characteristics of calls are useful in distinguishing forms;the change of the note interval with the elevation may be a kind of strategy of reproduction.展开更多
文摘After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors had been neglected in planning and design of farmers' residential area at the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River,"regional characteristic" losing,residential area in the form of "city community" and buildings in European style.In view of these problems,relevant planning and design thoughts and methods had been proposed as to how to create "regional characteristic" from the perspective of planning,architecture and landscape design.It discussed with emphasis the importance of construction base type and combination of environment with residential area construction;inspirations and design methods obtained from traditional architectures;and the content of landscape overall planning and specific design.It was hoped to enlighten designers to shoulder social and historical responsibility,make exploration unremittingly,and construct beautiful homelands for people.
基金Supported by Jiangxi Art Social Sciences Plan Project in 2012( YG2012121)
文摘Garden plant landscape is one of the main contents of low-carbon landscape design in residential areas. From the basic theory of garden plant landscaping, we put forth five principles and ideas concerning the building of evaluation indicator system of garden plant landscape, to establish the indicator system with ecological quality, recreational function and aesthetic effect as three layers. According to the characteristics of evaluation system, we use qualitative and quantitative integration method, coupled with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and expert consulting method, to determine the weight of various factors. And we use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to test this indicator system, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the research on evaluation indicator system of low-carbon landscape.
基金Sponsored by Graduates’Innovation Foundation(YC2015-S133)
文摘The relationship between children's activities and public spaces was analyzed and summarized from three perspectives, namely, children's demands on outdoor activity spaces, factors infl uencing children's behavior requirements, and planning strategies. The paper provided theoretical support for exploring the relationship between children's activities and public spaces, and proposed planning strategies for improving use effi ciency of urban outdoor public spaces and facilities, and creating public spaces capable of meeting children's psychological needs.
文摘In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discriminated against Israel＇s Arab minority, as opposed to the majority of Israel＇s society, as part of different issues bound up with this population＇s daily functioning. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons why Eshkol＇s doing away with the martial law stemmed was its ineffectiveness, while the other, and this makes up the core of our concern here, was his changing attitude toward the Arab minority in Israel, by contrast with that of his predecessor, David Ben Gurion The main conclusion of the paper is that even though Eshkol＇s ideas about the Arab minority were not very different from Ben Gurion＇s ideas one insisted on maintaining the military government in Israel, while the other saw this as unnecessary, and so brought it to an end. In August 1963, a few months after assuming office, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the first steps leading to the annulment of military rulet which had applied to Arabs in the State of Israel ever since the end of the War of Independence （1948）. This process was concluded some three years later. Military rule was lifted in effect on December 1, 1966. In the presentation, the author would like to look into the considerations which prompted Eshkol to take such a step, in light of the fact that his predecessor, Ben Gurion, was a staunch opponent of annulling the military regime, convinced as he was, even after the conclusion of his term in office, that the current state of affairs should remain in effect.
文摘Based on the gray theory and GM （1, 1） model, the life quality indexes in next few years are predicted using the statistical data of the life quality indexes of Yunnan＇ s 8 minority areas in recent years and also compared with the standard value （2020） of building the national well-off society, and the differences between them are measured and calculated. Thus, effective reference information is provided for the decision-making of government.
文摘Based on the gray theory and GM （1, 1） model, the various indexes in 2013-2020 are predicted using the data of all indexes of the economic development of Yunnan＇ s 8 minority areas in 2013-2020 and also compared with the standard values of all indexes of building a well-off society in 2020, and the differences between them are analyzed. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference basis for Yunnan province＇ s government to analyze the economic development of the minority areas.
文摘A significant public health concern with regards to increasing rates of Alzheimer’s is that it disproportionately affects minority groups in the United States.The present ecological exploratory study uses secondary aggregate data from the fifty United States in the year of 2019.The purpose of this study was to address the disparities in Alzheimer’s in minority populations in the US and explore associated factors.The“minority”populations considered were African American and Hispanic populations,and the“majority”population was referred to as“white”.The data were extracted from the United States Census Bureau,the CDC National Center for Health Statistics,and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS)Dataset.The prevalence rates of Alzheimer’s disease are greatest in both older Hispanic(12.2%)and African Americans(13.8%),compared to older whites(10.3%)in the investigated time period.Our results showed that being over 65 years old(p=.009),with a below-average($62,843)median household income(p=.024),history of stroke(p=.029),and being a part of the Hispanic population(p=.036),were significantly associated with Alzheimer’s mortality rates in the United States.By identifying disparities in access to Alzheimer’s healthcare and at-risk communities,more comprehensive intervention strategies can be developed to promote change and advocate for more Alzheimer’s education and resource allocation for minority populations.
文摘The majority of the literature on the transformation of cultural promotion space in old residential areas in the United States and abroad is written from the top-down perspective of God,such as architects,planners,developers,and even government officials,and only a few of them examine the designer’s work from the perspective of aborigines.To sample life and gain insight into human nature,find another means to be as near to the public as possible,listen to the voice of users,and conduct an in-depth examination of the freestyle works altered by the old residential districts through the“people’s architectural planner.”
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40676085)
文摘Although Pampus minor has been classified as a new species, it still remains controversial. Was used a DNA barcoding technique based on homologous sequence analysis of the16S and CO1 genes to clarify the confusion over the identification of this species. Among 12 individuals whose genetic distance was 0.002, two haplotypes were found. According to the 16S sequences, the genetic distances ranged from 0.121 to 0.133 between P. minor and other Pampus species. Although the same the genetic distance between the two P minor haplotypes was generated using CO1 sequences, the haplotype of Pm22-23, Pm28, and Pm32-33 was the same as that of Pci EF607462 and EF607466, while the haplotype of Pm24-27 and Pm29-31 was the same as that of Pci EF607461 and EF607463-65. In addition, the genetic distance ranged only from 0.002 to 0.005 between P minor and Pa EF607460 and EF607458. Apart from this, the interspecies genetic distances varied from 0.135 to 0.143 between P minor and other t＇ampus species according to the C01 sequences. Phylogenetic trees, using combined 16S and CO1 data, strongly support the viewpoint that all the P. minor individuals form one clade that is in a sister position to Pampus sp. individuals （EU357803, FJ434342-FJ434343, and FJ652423-FJ652427）.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(6962006).
文摘Inheritance of line Jinghe891-l resistant to pathotype of Puccinia striiformis in two patterns of temperature (Normal: day 18℃ /night 10℃ , High: day 24℃ /night 15℃ )was studied in this paper. The results showed that there were at least two pairs of dominant major genes and one pair of recessive minor genes in Jinghe 891-1. The two pairs of major genes that conferred resistance to CY31 were allelic or linked closely with resistance gene in Jubilejna Ⅱ , Kangyin655 and T. spelta Album. They were novel resistance genes and were inherited in a repeated or independent mode. The minor genes, which could modify the major genes, were sensitive to temperature and conferred resistance to all pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis in China. It is recommended that this line can be used as an important resource stock.
文摘The aggregate population of ethnic minorities has never accounted for more than 9 percent of China’s total, currently approaching 1.3 billion. Yet their development and prosperity have always been high on the agenda of the leaders of the People’s Republic. One of the first things Chinese leaders did after New China was founded in 1949 was to conduct large-scale studies to identify the country’s ethnic groups and name them properly, based on scientific
文摘The Great Western China Development Drive launched by China’s Central Authorities at the turn of the century is not only a strategic move to narrow the development gap between the eastern and western parts of the country an harmonious development of the national economy but also a major move for narrowing the development gap among different ethnic groups and further improving human rights of the people, especially minorities.
文摘The State Council Information Office published on September 27, 2009, a white paper entitled China＇ s Policies toward Minorities and Common Prosperity and Development of All Nationalities. The white paper says that the policies well fit the national conditions and are correct. They are instrumental to promoting harmonious coexistence of all nationalities that work with one heart and one mind and in mutual cooperation; they have helped open up a good national situation characterized by economic development, political stability,
文摘China has 56 ethnic groups, who speak a total of 120 languages. Chinese, China＇s official language, is spoken by the Han, Hui and Manethnic groups, and all the other ethnic groups have their own languages. About 15 million people speak the Zhuang lan- guage, outnumbering speakers of any other ethnic minority language. Quite a few ethnic minority groups have two or even more spoken languages. Though belonging to the same ethnic group, the ethnic Yaos who live in different places speak four different languages -the Mian, Bunu, Lajia and Yangbu. The ethnic Jingpos also have four different spoken languages the Jingpo, Zaiwa, Langsu and Leqi.
文摘At the end of June 2011, China had 29 reformatories for delinquent minors, where 17,149 convicts aged 18 oryounger were serving their terms. These facilities have persistently followed the policy of ＂combining punishment with redemption, with redemption taken as the main objective＂ as well as a policy that calls for the integration of ＂educa- tion, persuasion and redemption＂ Good results have been achieved thanks to implementation of these policies, es- pecially since the People＇s Republic of China Law on the Protection of Minors was promulgated in September 1991.
文摘The mating calls of six forms belonging to four genera Megophrys,Oreloalax,Scutiger and Leptolalax were recorded in Wawu Mountain National Forest Park,Sichuan Province of China,using cassette tape recorder (Aiwa) and Sony tape with an external microphone.All recordings were analyzed with an IBM PC based 'SIGNAL' software analysis system (Engineering Design,USA).The range of analyzed frequency was set as 0-10 kHz.Acoustic analysis shows that the dominant frequency of L.oshanensis,M.minor,M.sp.,S.(S.)chintingensis,O.omeimontis,and O.schmidti is 4521.9,3456.4,2293.8,1076.5,1071.0 and 1849.4 Hz on average respectively;the note duration is 46.2,90.8,99.6,72.2,78.8 and 110.3 millisecond on average respectively;the note interval is 140.4,253.0,681.4,1517.7,461.3 and 619.5 millisecond on average respectively.One-Way ANOVA analysis indicates that there are significant differences among the analyzed six forms on the dominant frequency,the note duration,and the note interval (P<0.01).Multiple comparisons using Least-Significant Difference (LSD) show that the difference of the dominant frequency between S.(S.) chintingensis and O.omeimontis is not significant (P=0.917>0.05);on the note duration,only L.oshanensis is significantly different from M.minor,M.sp.,O.omeimontis and O.schmidti (P<0.01);on the note interval,L.oshanensis is not significantly different from M.minor,the same with M.sp.versus O.schmidti and O.omeimontis versus O.schmidti (P>0.05).Correlation analysis indicates that there are no significant correlation among the three acoustic characters of dominant frequency,note duration and note interval,and two environmental factors of the elevation and air temperature (P>0.05) except that the note interval is significantly linear correlated with the elevation (r=0.943,P=0.005<0.01).In the light of above,it is suggested that acoustic characteristics of calls are useful in distinguishing forms;the change of the note interval with the elevation may be a kind of strategy of reproduction.
