BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is recognized as an effective approach that offers survival benefits for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).However,controversies remain regarding the LT selection c...BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is recognized as an effective approach that offers survival benefits for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).However,controversies remain regarding the LT selection criteria,and meta-analyses reporting overall survival outcomes across different ACLF severity grades are lacking.AIM To depict a comprehensive postoperative picture of patients with ACLF of varying severity and contribute to updating LT selection.METHODS Systematic searches in Web of Science,EMBASE,PubMed,and Cochrane databases were performed,from inception to December 26,2023,for studies exploring post-transplant outcomes among ACLF patients,stratified by severity grades as identified by the European Association for the Study of the Liver-Chronic Liver Failure criteria.The primary outcome of interest was the survival rate within one year,with post-transplant complications as secondary outcomes.Additionally,the subgroup analysis examined region-specific one-year survival rates.RESULTS A total of 17 studies involving 28025 participants were included.Patients with ACLF-1 and ACLF-2 have favorable survival within one year,with survival rates reaching 87%[95%confidence interval(CI):84%-91%]and 86%(95%CI:81%-91%),respectively.Despite the relatively lower survival(73%,95%CI:66%-80%)and higher incidence of infection(48%,95%CI:29%-67%)observed in ACLF-3 patients,their survival exceeds that of those who do not undergo LT.Moreover,post-transplant survival was highest in North America across all ACLF grades.CONCLUSION LT can provide survival advantages for ACLF patients.To optimize the utilization of scarce donor organs and improve prognosis,comprehensive preoperative health evaluations are essential,especially for ACLF-3 patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Beinaglutide,a short-acting glucagon-like polypeptide-1 receptor agonist,has shown variable efficacy in weight reduction and metabolic control in randomized controlled trials(RCTs).AIM To summarize the ther...BACKGROUND Beinaglutide,a short-acting glucagon-like polypeptide-1 receptor agonist,has shown variable efficacy in weight reduction and metabolic control in randomized controlled trials(RCTs).AIM To summarize the therapeutic effects of beinaglutide in patients with overweight/obesity with/without type 2 diabetes.METHODS RCTs involving patients receiving beinaglutide in the intervention arm and placebo or active comparator in the control arm were searched through multiple electronic databases.The change from baseline in body weight was the primary outcome;secondary outcomes included changes in body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),blood pressure,glycemic parameters,lipids,and adverse events(AEs).RevMan web was used to conduct meta-analysis using random-effects models.Outcomes were presented as mean differences(MDs),odds ratios(ORs),or risk ratios(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).RESULTS Six RCTs(n=800)with mostly some concerns about the risk of bias were included.Over 12-24 weeks,beinaglutide 0.1-0.2 mg thrice daily was superior to the control group in reducing total(MD=-3.25 kg,95%CI:-4.52 to-1.98,I^(2)=84%,P<0.00001)and percent(MD=-4.13%,95%CI:-4.87 to-3.39,I^(2)=54%,P<0.00001)body weight reduction.Beinaglutide also outperformed the control group in achieving weight loss by 5%(OR 4.61)and 10%(OR=5.34).The superiority of beinaglutide vs the control group was also found in reducing BMI(MD=-1.22 kg/m^(2),95%CI:-1.67 to-0.77)and WC(MD=-2.47 cm,95%CI:-3.74 to-1.19]).Beinaglutide and the control group had comparable impacts on blood pressure,glycemic parameters,insulin resistance,hepatic transaminases,and lipid profile.Beinaglutide posed higher risks of treatment discontinuation due to AEs(RR=3.15),nausea(RR=4.51),vomiting(RR=8.19),palpitation(RR=3.95),headache(RR=2.87),and dizziness(RR=6.07)than the control.However,the two groups had identical risks of total and serious AEs,diarrhea,fatigue,and hypoglycemia.CONCLUSION Short-term data from RCTs suggested that beinaglutide causes modest benefits in reducing body weight,BMI,and WC,with no significant difference in glycemic and other metabolic endpoints compared to the control arm.Safety data were consistent with those of the other drugs in the glucagon-like polypeptide-1 receptor agonist class.Larger RCTs are warranted to prove the longer-term metabolic benefits of beinaglutide.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the association and quantify the relationship between diabetes mellitus(DM) and gastric cancer(GC) by an updated meta-analysis.METHODS:The initial PubMed search identified 1233publications. Studies ...AIM:To investigate the association and quantify the relationship between diabetes mellitus(DM) and gastric cancer(GC) by an updated meta-analysis.METHODS:The initial PubMed search identified 1233publications. Studies not reporting GC or those not reporting actual number of GC were excluded. Twelve pertinent studies were retrieved from the PubMed database or from a manual search and considered for the meta-analysis. Pooled risk ratios and 95%CI were estimated by a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed according to gender or geographical regions. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated by I2and funnel plot analysis,respectively.RESULTS:DM was significantly associated with GC with a RR of 1.41(P = 0.006)(95%CI:1.10-1.81).Subgroup analyses revealed that both sexes showed a significant association with GC,with a greater magnitude of risk in females(RR = 1.90; 95%CI:1.27-2.85;P = 0.002) than in males(RR = 1.24; 95%CI:1.08-1.43;P = 0.002). In addition,the link between DM and GC was significant in East Asian DM patients(RR = 1.77;95%CI:1.38-2.26; P < 0.00001) but not in Western DM patients(RR = 1.23; 95%CI:0.90-1.68; P = 0.2).There was no evidence of publication bias,but the results indicated significant heterogeneity.CONCLUSION:This updated meta-analysis has provided evidence of positive DM-GC associations. The limited information on potentially important clinical confounding factors in each study deserves further investigation.展开更多
AIM:To conduct a meta-analysis comparing outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)with or without prophylactic drainage.METHODS:Relevant comparative randomized and nonrandomized studies were systemically searched bas...AIM:To conduct a meta-analysis comparing outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)with or without prophylactic drainage.METHODS:Relevant comparative randomized and nonrandomized studies were systemically searched based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.Postoperative outcomes were compared between patients with and those without routine drainage.Pooled odds ratios(OR)with 95%CI were calculated using either fixed effects or random effects models.RESULTS:One randomized controlled trial and four non-randomized comparative studies recruiting 1728patients were analyzed.Patients without prophylactic drainage after PD had significantly higher mortality(OR=2.32,95%CI:1.11-4.85;P=0.02),despite the fact that they were associated with fewer overall complications(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.48-0.82;P=0.00),major complications(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.60-0.93;P=0.01)and readmissions(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.60-0.98;P=0.04).There were no significant differences in the rates of pancreatic fistula,intraabdominal abscesses,postpancreatectomy hemorrhage,biliary fistula,delayed gastric emptying,reoperation or radiologic-guided drains between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Indiscriminate abandonment of intraabdominal drainage following PD is associated with greater mortality,but lower complication rates.Future randomized trials should compare routine vs selective drainage.展开更多
BACKGROUND A few randomized clinical trials(RCT)and their meta-analyses have found patent foramen ovale closure(PFOC)to be beneficial in prevention of stroke compared to medical therapy.Whether the benefit is extended...BACKGROUND A few randomized clinical trials(RCT)and their meta-analyses have found patent foramen ovale closure(PFOC)to be beneficial in prevention of stroke compared to medical therapy.Whether the benefit is extended across all groups of patients remains unclear.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PFOC vs medical therapy in different groups of patients presenting with stroke,we performed this meta-analysis of RCTs.METHODS Electronic search of PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central,CINAHL and ProQuest Central and manual search were performed from inception through September 2018 for RCTs.Ischemic stroke(IS),transient ischemic attack(TIA),a composite of IS,TIA and systemic embolism(SE),mortality,major bleeding,atrial fibrillation(AF)and procedural complications were the major outcomes.Random-effects model was used to perform analyses.RESULTS Meta-analysis of 6 RCTs including 3560 patients showed that the PFOC,compared to medical therapy reduced the risk of IS[odds ratio:0.34;95%confidence interval:0.15-0.78;P=0.01]and the composite of IS,TIA and SE[0.55(0.32-0.93);P=0.02]and increased the AF risk[4.79(2.35-9.77);P<0.0001].No statistical difference was observed in the risk of TIA[0.86(0.54-1.38);P=0.54],mortality[0.74(0.28-1.93);P=0.53]and major bleeding[0.81(0.42-1.56);P=0.53]between two strategies.Subgroup analyses showed that compared to medical therapy,PFOC reduced the risk of stroke in persons who were males,≤45 years of age and had large shunt or atrial septal aneurysm.CONCLUSION In certain groups of patients presenting with stroke,PFOC is beneficial in preventing future stroke compared to medical therapy.展开更多
AIM: To assess the prognostic value of c-Met status in colorectal cancer. METHODS: We conducted a search in Pub Med, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library covering all published papers up to July 2014. Only studies...AIM: To assess the prognostic value of c-Met status in colorectal cancer. METHODS: We conducted a search in Pub Med, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library covering all published papers up to July 2014. Only studies assessing survival in colorectal cancer by c-Met status were included. This meta-analysis was performed by using STATA11.0.RESULTS: Ultimately, 11 studies were included in this analysis. Meta-analysis of the hazard ratios(HR)indicated that patients with high c-Met expression have a significantly poorer overall survival(OR)(HR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.06-1.59) and progression-free survival(PFS)(HR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.03-1.91). Subgroup analysis showed a significant association between high c-Met expression and poorer overall survival in the hazard ratio reported(HR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.08-1.74).CONCLUSION: The present meta-analysis indicated that high c-Met expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether an association exists between sleep-associated movement disorders and cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Several studies have observed the relationship of sleep-associated movement disorder...AIM:To investigate whether an association exists between sleep-associated movement disorders and cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Several studies have observed the relationship of sleep-associated movement disorders such as restless legs syndrome(RLS)and periodic limb movements during sleep with CVD,but the results were still contradictory.We performed an extensive literature search on Pub Med,Medline and Web of Science published from inception to December 2014.Additional studies were manually searched from bibliographies of retrieved studies.Meta-analyses were conducted with Stata version 12.0(Stata Corp,College Station,Texas).Pooled odds ratios(ORs)and 95%CIs were calculated to assess the strength of association using the random effects model.Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the underlying sources of heterogeneity.The publication bias was detected using Egger’s test and Begg’s test.RESULTS:A total of 781 unique citations were indentified from electronic databases and 13 articles in English were finally selected.Among these studies,nine are cohort studies;two are case-control studies;and two are cross-sectional studies.The results showed that the summary OR of CVD associated with sleepassociated movement was 1.51(95%CI:1.29-1.77)in a random-effects model.There was significant heterogeneity between individual studies(P for heterogeneity=0.005,I2=57.6%).Further analysis revealed that a large-scale cohort study may account for this heterogeneity.A significant association was also found between RLS and CVD(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.24-1.92).In a fixed-effects model,we determined a significant relationship between sleep-associatedmovement disorders and coronary artery disease(CAD)(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.16-1.54;P for heterogeneity=0.210;I2=30.0%).Our meta-analysis suggests that sleep-associated movement disorders are associated with prevalence of CVD and CAD.CONCLUSION:This finding indicates that sleep-associated movement disorders may prove to be predictive of underlying CVD.展开更多
BACKGROUND This study seeks to systematically assess the effects of warm acupuncture combined with acupoint massage on the recovery of gastrointestinal function following gastric cancer surgery.AIM To evaluate the imp...BACKGROUND This study seeks to systematically assess the effects of warm acupuncture combined with acupoint massage on the recovery of gastrointestinal function following gastric cancer surgery.AIM To evaluate the impact of warm acupuncture combined with acupoint massage on postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery after gastric cancer surgery,based on a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases,including PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP,for relevant studies published up to January 2025.Meta-analyses were carried out using RevMan 5.4,with results presented as standardized mean difference(SMD)or odds ratio with 95%confidence interval(CI).Study heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic,and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the stability of the findings.RESULTS A total of 8 randomized controlled trials involving 694 patients were included.The meta-analysis showed that warm acupuncture combined with acupoint massage significantly improved postoperative gastrointestinal function by reducing the time to first flatus(SMD=-2.14,95%CI:-3.14 to-1.14,P<0.0001),time to first bowel movement(SMD=-2.43,95%CI:-3.52 to-1.34,P<0.0001),time to bowel sounds recovery(SMD=-3.15,95%CI:-4.50 to-1.80,P<0.00001),and time to initiate nasogastric or jejunal feeding(SMD=-1.31,95%CI:-2.44 to-0.18,P=0.02).CONCLUSION The combination of warm acupuncture and acupoint massage markedly enhances gastrointestinal recovery following surgery.展开更多
Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroa...Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture and explore its potential mechanisms in animal models of ischemic stroke.The PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CENTRAL,and CINAHL databases were comprehensively searched up to May 1,2024.This review included articles on preclinical investigations of the efficacy and mechanisms of electroacupuncture in treating ischemic stroke.Data from 70 eligible studies were analyzed in Stata 18.0,using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference(Hedge’s g).The risk of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.4 software,and the quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system.Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the consistency of the results and sensitivity analyses were used to assess their robustness.The quality assessment revealed that most studies adequately handled incomplete data and selective reporting.However,several methodological limitations were identified:only 4 studies demonstrated a low risk of allocation concealment,26 achieved a low risk of outcome assessment bias,and 9 had a high risk of randomization bias.Additionally,there was an unclear risk regarding participant blinding and other methodological aspects.The GRADE assessment rated 12 outcomes as moderate quality and 6 as low quality.The mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke can be categorized as five primary pathways:(1)Electroacupuncture significantly reduced infarct volume and apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)in ischemic stroke models;(2)electroacupuncture significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors(P<0.01)while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors(P=0.02);(3)electroacupuncture reduced the levels of oxidative stress indicators(P<0.01)and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes(P<0.01);(4)electroacupuncture significantly promoted nerve regeneration(P<0.01);and(5)electroacupuncture influenced blood flow remodeling(P<0.01)and angiogenesis(P<0.01).Subgroup analyses indicated that electroacupuncture was most effective in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model(P<0.01)and in post-middle cerebral artery occlusion intervention(P<0.01).Dispersive waves were found to outperform continuous waves with respect to neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects(P<0.01),while scalp acupoints demonstrated greater efficacy than body acupoints(P<0.01).The heterogeneity among the included studies was minimal,and sensitivity analyses indicated stable results.Their methodological quality was generally satisfactory.In conclusion,electroacupuncture is effective in treating cerebral ischemia by modulating cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,stroke-induced nerve regeneration,blood flow remodeling,and angiogenesis.The efficacy of electroacupuncture may be influenced by factors such as the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,the timing of intervention onset,waveform,and acupoint selection.Despite the moderate to low quality of evidence,these findings suggest that electroacupuncture has clinical potential for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.展开更多
BACKGROUND Data on the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)during Ramadan fasting is limited.No meta-analysis has summarized the safety and effec...BACKGROUND Data on the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)during Ramadan fasting is limited.No meta-analysis has summarized the safety and effectiveness of GLP-1RAs in these situations.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of GLP-1RA in patients with T2DM fasting during Ramadan.METHODS Electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies that featured GLP-1RA in the intervention arm and other glucose-lowering medications in the control arm.The primary outcome was adverse events(AEs)during Ramadan for both groups;other outcomes included changes in glycemic and anthropometric measures during the peri-Ramadan period.RESULTS Four studies[three randomized-controlled trials with low risk of bias(RoB)and one prospective observational study with serious RoB]involving 754 subjects were analyzed.GLP-1RA group achieved greater glycated hemoglobin reduction than the non-GLP-1RA group[mean difference(MD):-0.31%,95%CI:-0.61 to-0.01,P=0.04,I2=77%]with a lower risk of documented symptomatic hypoglycemia(risk ratio=0.38,95%CI:0.16 to 0.88,P=0.02).Any AEs,serious AEs,or AEs that led to treatment discontinuation were comparable between the two groups.The GLP-1RA group experienced greater weight loss compared to the non-GLP-1RA group(MD:-2.0 kg,95%CI:-3.37 to-0.63,P=0.004,I2=95%).There were comparable changes in blood pressure and lipid profile between the two groups.GLP-1RA users experienced higher risks of gastrointestinal AEs,nausea,and vomiting;however,the risks of heartburn,abdominal pain,and diarrhea were similar in both groups.CONCLUSION Limited evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs are safe for T2DM management during Ramadan,offering modest benefits in blood sugar control and weight loss.Large multicenter trials are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy in at-risk populations,improving clinical practice decision-making.展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent years,emerging clinical research has prioritized assessment of combined therapeutic efficacy and safety parameters when programmed death 1 or its ligand(PD-1/L1)inhibitors are incorporated into fi...BACKGROUND In recent years,emerging clinical research has prioritized assessment of combined therapeutic efficacy and safety parameters when programmed death 1 or its ligand(PD-1/L1)inhibitors are incorporated into first-line standard-of-care(SOC)therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).However,data obtained from these trials demonstrated conflicting evidence concerning survival benefits and clinical outcomes.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic impact and safety parameters of combining PD-1/L1 inhibitors with SOC protocols as first-line treatment for mCRC.METHODS Four biomedical databases(PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science)were systematically interrogated to identify eligible studies published up to October 12,2024.The analysis focused on evaluating the primary outcome of overall survival(OS)in the mCRC population with secondary outcomes of progression-free survival(PFS),overall response rate(ORR),and incidence rate of grade≥3 adverse events.Additionally,we performed exploratory analyses in the microsatellite stable/mismatch repair-proficient(MSS/pMMR)subpopulation,based on a subset of the included studies.Subgroup analyses according to PD-1/L1 inhibitor use were conducted in both the overall population and the MSS/pMMR subgroup.RESULTS This pooled analysis incorporated six randomized controlled trials involving 675 patients with mCRC receiving first-line therapy.The combination of PD-1/L1 inhibitors with SOC regimens demonstrated a significant PFS advantage over SOC monotherapy in intention-to-treat populations[hazard ratio(HR)=0.8,95%confidence interval(CI):0.65-0.98,P=0.033].Nevertheless,the MSS/pMMR subgroup showed no PFS benefit(HR=0.83,95%CI:0.67-1.03,P=0.091),and no cohort exhibited OS improvement(intention-to-treat:HR=0.84,95%CI:0.66-1.05,P=0.124;MSS/pMMR:HR=0.79,95%CI:0.60-1.03,P=0.083).Comparable outcomes were observed for ORR(risk ratio=1.03,95%CI:0.90-1.17,P=0.711)and incidence rate of grade≥3 adverse events(risk ratio=1.12,95%CI:0.93-1.36,P=0.245)between treatment arms.CONCLUSION The findings indicated that integrating PD-1/L1 blocking agents with SOC regimens for mCRC as first-line treatment failed to demonstrate significant improvements in ORR.Existing clinical data remain inadequate to establish OS advantages,particularly in patients with MSS/pMMR,despite exhibiting manageable toxicity profiles.Subsequent confirmation through rigorously designed phase III clinical trials remains essential to verify these therapeutic outcomes.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To update the current best evidence on the effectiveness and safety of cupping therapy in pain management.METHODS:The protocol of this systematic review was registered at PROSPERO(CRD42021261308).An updated ...OBJECTIVE:To update the current best evidence on the effectiveness and safety of cupping therapy in pain management.METHODS:The protocol of this systematic review was registered at PROSPERO(CRD42021261308).An updated literature searching in 7 databases was conducted from January 2014 to January 2023.Two authors extracted data and assessed the risk of bias independently.Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software(Cochrane Collaboration,London,UK).Meta-analysis with a random effect model was conducted when there was no serious statistical heterogeneity among trials(I^(2) ≤ 75%).Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation was also conducted to assess the quality of evidence.RESULTS:Seventy-two trials with 5720 participants were included.All included trials were assessed as having high risk of bias.The majority of the included trials reported the benefit of cupping plus other therapy or cupping alone on improving cure rate(average risk ratio more than 1.15) and reducing visual analogue scale [average mean difference(MD) reduction 0.16 to 7.0 cm],improving quality of life,quality of sleep or other symptoms related to pain condition.And there was low/very low quality evidence that the incidence of adverse events in the cupping groups were lower than that in the control groups.Although the heterogeneity between studies and the methodological quality of the study itself lead to the low evidence strength of the current conclusions,the results of this study are a valuable supplement to the founding of previous review.CONCLUSION:Cupping therapy alone or combined with other therapy was considered benefit in relieving pain,improving the quality of life,and increasing the cure rate of patients with pain conditions,though supported by the low quality of evidence.According to the limited evidence,cupping therapy seems to have less harm than drugs when treating pain conditions.展开更多
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of warm needle treatment of osteoarthritis.Fourteen databases were searched from their inception through April 2015.Randomized clinical trials(RC...The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of warm needle treatment of osteoarthritis.Fourteen databases were searched from their inception through April 2015.Randomized clinical trials(RCTs)were included if a warm needle was used either as the sole treatment or as a part of a combination therapy for osteoarthritis.Risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane criteria.Of the articles that were identified展开更多
Objective To overview the published systematic reviews/Meta-analysis based on the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonist in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A literature search was conduc...Objective To overview the published systematic reviews/Meta-analysis based on the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonist in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A literature search was conducted with The Cochrane Library,Pub Med,EMBASE,CBM,Wanfang Data and CNKI from inception through December 2019.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease,particularly ulcerative colitis(UC),poses significant treatment challenges due to its chronic nature and potential for severe complications.This editorial reviews a recent network meta-analy...Inflammatory bowel disease,particularly ulcerative colitis(UC),poses significant treatment challenges due to its chronic nature and potential for severe complications.This editorial reviews a recent network meta-analysis that evaluated the efficacy of and highlighted the superior outcomes achieved by combining each of five traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulations with mesalazine for the adjuvant treatment of UC.Clinical outcomes included enhanced mucosal healing,improved quality of life,and reduced recurrence rates.Additionally,the combination therapy resulted in a lower incidence of adverse reactions compared with mesalazine monotherapy.Despite these promising results,limitations such as variability in study quality and TCM dosage highlight the need for further highquality,large-sample,multicenter randomized controlled trials.This editorial underscores the potential of TCM in enhancing UC management and calls for more rigorous research to substantiate these findings and refine clinical guidelines.展开更多
BACKGROUND Explore the risk factors of gastrointestinal dysfunction after gastrointestinal tumor surgery and to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with gas...BACKGROUND Explore the risk factors of gastrointestinal dysfunction after gastrointestinal tumor surgery and to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with gastrointestinal tumor surgery.AIM To investigate the potential risk factors for gastrointestinal dysfunction following gastrointestinal tumor surgery and to present information supporting the prevention and management of gastrointestinal dysfunction in surgery patients.METHODS Systematically searched the relevant literature from PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,China Biomedical Database,Wanfang Database,and Weipu Chinese Journal Database self-established until October 1,2022.Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis after two researchers independently screened literature,extracted data,and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.RESULTS A total of 23 pieces of literature were included,the quality of which was medium or above,and the total sample size was 43878.The results of meta-analysis showed that the patients were male(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.25-2.01,P=0.002)and≥60 years old(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.76-2.87,P<0.001),physical index≥25.3 kg/m2(OR=1.6,95%CI:1.00-1.12,P=0.040),smoking history(OR=1.89,95%CI:1.31-2.73,P<0.001),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.22-1.83,P<0.001),enterostomy(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.26-1.70,P<0.001),history of abdominal surgery(OR=2.90,95%CI:1.67-5.03,P<0.001),surgical site(OR=1.2,95%CI:1.40-2.62,P<0.001),operation method(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.08-2.62,P=0.020),operation duration(OR=2.65,95%CI:1.92-3.67,P<0.001),abdominal adhesion grade(OR=2.52,95%CI:1.90-3.56,P<0.001),postoperative opioid history(OR=5.35,95%CI:3.29-8.71,P<0.001),tumor TNM staging(OR=2.58,95%CI:1.84-3.62,P<0.001),postoperative blood transfusion(OR=2.92,95%CI:0.88-9.73,P=0.010)is a risk factor for postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with gastrointestinal tumors.CONCLUSION There are many factors affecting gastrointestinal dysfunction in gastrointestinal patients after surgery.Clinical staff should identify relevant risk factors early and implement targeted intervention measures on the basis of personalized assessment to improve the clinical prognosis of patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute cholecystitis(AC)is a common disease in general surgery.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)is widely recognized as the"gold standard"surgical procedure for treating AC.For low-risk patients wit...BACKGROUND Acute cholecystitis(AC)is a common disease in general surgery.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)is widely recognized as the"gold standard"surgical procedure for treating AC.For low-risk patients without complications,LC is the recommended treatment plan,but there is still controversy regarding the treatment strategy for moderate AC patients,which relies more on the surgeon's experience and the medical platform of the visiting unit.Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture drainage(PTGBD)can effectively alleviate gallbladder inflammation,reduce gallbladder wall edema and adhesion around the gallbladder,and create a"time window"for elective surgery.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of LC or PTGBD combined with LC for treating AC patients,providing a theoretical basis for choosing reasonable surgical methods for AC patients.METHODS In this study,we conducted a clinical investigation regarding the combined use of PTGBD tubes for the treatment of gastric cancer patients with AC.We performed searches in the following databases:PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Wanfang Database.The search encompassed literature published from the inception of these databases to the present.Subsequently,relevant data were extracted,and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS A comprehensive analysis was conducted,encompassing 24 studies involving a total of 2564 patients.These patients were categorized into two groups:1371 in the LC group and 1193 in the PTGBD+LC group.The outcomes of the meta-analysis revealed noteworthy disparities between the PTGBD+LC group and the LC group in multiple dimensions:(1)Operative time:Mean difference(MD)=17.51,95%CI:9.53-25.49,P<0.01;(2)Conversion to open surgery rate:Odds ratio(OR)=2.95,95%CI:1.90-4.58,P<0.01;(3)Intraoperative bleeding loss:MD=32.27,95%CI:23.03-41.50,P<0.01;(4)Postoperative hospital stay:MD=1.44,95%CI:0.14-2.73,P=0.03;(5)Overall postoperative compli-cation rate:OR=1.88,95%CI:1.45-2.43,P<0.01;(6)Bile duct injury:OR=2.17,95%CI:1.30-3.64,P=0.003;(7)Intra-abdominal hemorrhage:OR=2.45,95%CI:1.06-5.64,P=0.004;and(8)Wound infection:OR=0.These find-ings consistently favored the PTGBD+LC group over the LC group.There were no significant differences in the total duration of hospitalization[MD=-1.85,95%CI:-4.86-1.16,P=0.23]or bile leakage[OR=1.33,95%CI:0.81-2.18,P=0.26]between the two groups.CONCLUSION The combination of PTGBD tubes with LC for AC treatment demonstrated superior clinical efficacy and enhanced safety,suggesting its broader application value in clinical practice.展开更多
The presence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection has been indicated to have a protective influence on esophageal cancer(EC)in some studies,but its specific impact on the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinom...The presence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection has been indicated to have a protective influence on esophageal cancer(EC)in some studies,but its specific impact on the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma remains inconclusive.This manuscript comment addresses the recent study by López-Gómez et al.Despite it was a retrospective observational study without a control group,this study revealed a notably low prevalence of H.pylori infection among EC patients,indicating a potential association between H.pylori and EC in Spain.It is important to note that the relationship between H.pylori and the risk of EC varies geographically.We also conducted a metaanalysis focusing on this association in Asian populations to offer precise clinical insights.However,no significant correlation between H.pylori infection and EC was identified,suggesting that the perceived protective effect of H.pylori against EC may have been overestimated in the Asian population.展开更多
BACKGROUND Transhepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE),as a local treatment,has been widely used in the treatment of unresectable liver cancer.The introduction of drug carrier microspheres has brought new hope for t...BACKGROUND Transhepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE),as a local treatment,has been widely used in the treatment of unresectable liver cancer.The introduction of drug carrier microspheres has brought new hope for the therapeutic effect of TACE.Microspheres can realize the slow release and directional delivery of drugs,reduce systemic toxicity and improve local curative effect.AIM To compare the effectiveness of traditional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization against microsphere-assisted transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma that is incurable.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and CNKI databases for clinical trials of drug-luting beads TACE(DEB-TACE)vs conventional TACE(cTACE)for the treatment of unresectable liver cancer.We screened references based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and then selected valid data for meta-analysis using RevMan 53 software.The complete response(CR)rate,partial response(PR)rate,postoperative stable disease(SD)rate,and 6-month and 12-month survival rates were compared.RESULTS A total of 12 articles were included,including 1177 patients,519 of whom received DEB-TACE and 658 of whom received cTACE.The CR rate in the DEB-TACE group was much greater than that in the cTACE group[relative risk(RR)=1.42,95%CI:1.18-1.72,P=0.0002].The 12-month survival rate significantly increased(RR=1.09;95%CI:1.01-1.17,P=0.03);the PR rate(RR=1.13;95%CI:0.97-1.30,P=0.12);the SD rate(RR=0.82;95%CI:0.64-1.05,P=0.12);and the 6-month survival rate(RR=1.05;95%CI:1.00-1.10,P=0.07).There was no significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with those of iodized oil TACE,the drug-loaded microspheres tended to have therapeutic advantages.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82300857.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is recognized as an effective approach that offers survival benefits for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).However,controversies remain regarding the LT selection criteria,and meta-analyses reporting overall survival outcomes across different ACLF severity grades are lacking.AIM To depict a comprehensive postoperative picture of patients with ACLF of varying severity and contribute to updating LT selection.METHODS Systematic searches in Web of Science,EMBASE,PubMed,and Cochrane databases were performed,from inception to December 26,2023,for studies exploring post-transplant outcomes among ACLF patients,stratified by severity grades as identified by the European Association for the Study of the Liver-Chronic Liver Failure criteria.The primary outcome of interest was the survival rate within one year,with post-transplant complications as secondary outcomes.Additionally,the subgroup analysis examined region-specific one-year survival rates.RESULTS A total of 17 studies involving 28025 participants were included.Patients with ACLF-1 and ACLF-2 have favorable survival within one year,with survival rates reaching 87%[95%confidence interval(CI):84%-91%]and 86%(95%CI:81%-91%),respectively.Despite the relatively lower survival(73%,95%CI:66%-80%)and higher incidence of infection(48%,95%CI:29%-67%)observed in ACLF-3 patients,their survival exceeds that of those who do not undergo LT.Moreover,post-transplant survival was highest in North America across all ACLF grades.CONCLUSION LT can provide survival advantages for ACLF patients.To optimize the utilization of scarce donor organs and improve prognosis,comprehensive preoperative health evaluations are essential,especially for ACLF-3 patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Beinaglutide,a short-acting glucagon-like polypeptide-1 receptor agonist,has shown variable efficacy in weight reduction and metabolic control in randomized controlled trials(RCTs).AIM To summarize the therapeutic effects of beinaglutide in patients with overweight/obesity with/without type 2 diabetes.METHODS RCTs involving patients receiving beinaglutide in the intervention arm and placebo or active comparator in the control arm were searched through multiple electronic databases.The change from baseline in body weight was the primary outcome;secondary outcomes included changes in body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),blood pressure,glycemic parameters,lipids,and adverse events(AEs).RevMan web was used to conduct meta-analysis using random-effects models.Outcomes were presented as mean differences(MDs),odds ratios(ORs),or risk ratios(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).RESULTS Six RCTs(n=800)with mostly some concerns about the risk of bias were included.Over 12-24 weeks,beinaglutide 0.1-0.2 mg thrice daily was superior to the control group in reducing total(MD=-3.25 kg,95%CI:-4.52 to-1.98,I^(2)=84%,P<0.00001)and percent(MD=-4.13%,95%CI:-4.87 to-3.39,I^(2)=54%,P<0.00001)body weight reduction.Beinaglutide also outperformed the control group in achieving weight loss by 5%(OR 4.61)and 10%(OR=5.34).The superiority of beinaglutide vs the control group was also found in reducing BMI(MD=-1.22 kg/m^(2),95%CI:-1.67 to-0.77)and WC(MD=-2.47 cm,95%CI:-3.74 to-1.19]).Beinaglutide and the control group had comparable impacts on blood pressure,glycemic parameters,insulin resistance,hepatic transaminases,and lipid profile.Beinaglutide posed higher risks of treatment discontinuation due to AEs(RR=3.15),nausea(RR=4.51),vomiting(RR=8.19),palpitation(RR=3.95),headache(RR=2.87),and dizziness(RR=6.07)than the control.However,the two groups had identical risks of total and serious AEs,diarrhea,fatigue,and hypoglycemia.CONCLUSION Short-term data from RCTs suggested that beinaglutide causes modest benefits in reducing body weight,BMI,and WC,with no significant difference in glycemic and other metabolic endpoints compared to the control arm.Safety data were consistent with those of the other drugs in the glucagon-like polypeptide-1 receptor agonist class.Larger RCTs are warranted to prove the longer-term metabolic benefits of beinaglutide.
文摘AIM:To investigate the association and quantify the relationship between diabetes mellitus(DM) and gastric cancer(GC) by an updated meta-analysis.METHODS:The initial PubMed search identified 1233publications. Studies not reporting GC or those not reporting actual number of GC were excluded. Twelve pertinent studies were retrieved from the PubMed database or from a manual search and considered for the meta-analysis. Pooled risk ratios and 95%CI were estimated by a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed according to gender or geographical regions. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated by I2and funnel plot analysis,respectively.RESULTS:DM was significantly associated with GC with a RR of 1.41(P = 0.006)(95%CI:1.10-1.81).Subgroup analyses revealed that both sexes showed a significant association with GC,with a greater magnitude of risk in females(RR = 1.90; 95%CI:1.27-2.85;P = 0.002) than in males(RR = 1.24; 95%CI:1.08-1.43;P = 0.002). In addition,the link between DM and GC was significant in East Asian DM patients(RR = 1.77;95%CI:1.38-2.26; P < 0.00001) but not in Western DM patients(RR = 1.23; 95%CI:0.90-1.68; P = 0.2).There was no evidence of publication bias,but the results indicated significant heterogeneity.CONCLUSION:This updated meta-analysis has provided evidence of positive DM-GC associations. The limited information on potentially important clinical confounding factors in each study deserves further investigation.
文摘AIM:To conduct a meta-analysis comparing outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)with or without prophylactic drainage.METHODS:Relevant comparative randomized and nonrandomized studies were systemically searched based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.Postoperative outcomes were compared between patients with and those without routine drainage.Pooled odds ratios(OR)with 95%CI were calculated using either fixed effects or random effects models.RESULTS:One randomized controlled trial and four non-randomized comparative studies recruiting 1728patients were analyzed.Patients without prophylactic drainage after PD had significantly higher mortality(OR=2.32,95%CI:1.11-4.85;P=0.02),despite the fact that they were associated with fewer overall complications(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.48-0.82;P=0.00),major complications(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.60-0.93;P=0.01)and readmissions(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.60-0.98;P=0.04).There were no significant differences in the rates of pancreatic fistula,intraabdominal abscesses,postpancreatectomy hemorrhage,biliary fistula,delayed gastric emptying,reoperation or radiologic-guided drains between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Indiscriminate abandonment of intraabdominal drainage following PD is associated with greater mortality,but lower complication rates.Future randomized trials should compare routine vs selective drainage.
文摘BACKGROUND A few randomized clinical trials(RCT)and their meta-analyses have found patent foramen ovale closure(PFOC)to be beneficial in prevention of stroke compared to medical therapy.Whether the benefit is extended across all groups of patients remains unclear.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PFOC vs medical therapy in different groups of patients presenting with stroke,we performed this meta-analysis of RCTs.METHODS Electronic search of PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central,CINAHL and ProQuest Central and manual search were performed from inception through September 2018 for RCTs.Ischemic stroke(IS),transient ischemic attack(TIA),a composite of IS,TIA and systemic embolism(SE),mortality,major bleeding,atrial fibrillation(AF)and procedural complications were the major outcomes.Random-effects model was used to perform analyses.RESULTS Meta-analysis of 6 RCTs including 3560 patients showed that the PFOC,compared to medical therapy reduced the risk of IS[odds ratio:0.34;95%confidence interval:0.15-0.78;P=0.01]and the composite of IS,TIA and SE[0.55(0.32-0.93);P=0.02]and increased the AF risk[4.79(2.35-9.77);P<0.0001].No statistical difference was observed in the risk of TIA[0.86(0.54-1.38);P=0.54],mortality[0.74(0.28-1.93);P=0.53]and major bleeding[0.81(0.42-1.56);P=0.53]between two strategies.Subgroup analyses showed that compared to medical therapy,PFOC reduced the risk of stroke in persons who were males,≤45 years of age and had large shunt or atrial septal aneurysm.CONCLUSION In certain groups of patients presenting with stroke,PFOC is beneficial in preventing future stroke compared to medical therapy.
文摘AIM: To assess the prognostic value of c-Met status in colorectal cancer. METHODS: We conducted a search in Pub Med, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library covering all published papers up to July 2014. Only studies assessing survival in colorectal cancer by c-Met status were included. This meta-analysis was performed by using STATA11.0.RESULTS: Ultimately, 11 studies were included in this analysis. Meta-analysis of the hazard ratios(HR)indicated that patients with high c-Met expression have a significantly poorer overall survival(OR)(HR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.06-1.59) and progression-free survival(PFS)(HR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.03-1.91). Subgroup analysis showed a significant association between high c-Met expression and poorer overall survival in the hazard ratio reported(HR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.08-1.74).CONCLUSION: The present meta-analysis indicated that high c-Met expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81470456 and 81170160The priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘AIM:To investigate whether an association exists between sleep-associated movement disorders and cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Several studies have observed the relationship of sleep-associated movement disorders such as restless legs syndrome(RLS)and periodic limb movements during sleep with CVD,but the results were still contradictory.We performed an extensive literature search on Pub Med,Medline and Web of Science published from inception to December 2014.Additional studies were manually searched from bibliographies of retrieved studies.Meta-analyses were conducted with Stata version 12.0(Stata Corp,College Station,Texas).Pooled odds ratios(ORs)and 95%CIs were calculated to assess the strength of association using the random effects model.Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the underlying sources of heterogeneity.The publication bias was detected using Egger’s test and Begg’s test.RESULTS:A total of 781 unique citations were indentified from electronic databases and 13 articles in English were finally selected.Among these studies,nine are cohort studies;two are case-control studies;and two are cross-sectional studies.The results showed that the summary OR of CVD associated with sleepassociated movement was 1.51(95%CI:1.29-1.77)in a random-effects model.There was significant heterogeneity between individual studies(P for heterogeneity=0.005,I2=57.6%).Further analysis revealed that a large-scale cohort study may account for this heterogeneity.A significant association was also found between RLS and CVD(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.24-1.92).In a fixed-effects model,we determined a significant relationship between sleep-associatedmovement disorders and coronary artery disease(CAD)(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.16-1.54;P for heterogeneity=0.210;I2=30.0%).Our meta-analysis suggests that sleep-associated movement disorders are associated with prevalence of CVD and CAD.CONCLUSION:This finding indicates that sleep-associated movement disorders may prove to be predictive of underlying CVD.
文摘BACKGROUND This study seeks to systematically assess the effects of warm acupuncture combined with acupoint massage on the recovery of gastrointestinal function following gastric cancer surgery.AIM To evaluate the impact of warm acupuncture combined with acupoint massage on postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery after gastric cancer surgery,based on a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases,including PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP,for relevant studies published up to January 2025.Meta-analyses were carried out using RevMan 5.4,with results presented as standardized mean difference(SMD)or odds ratio with 95%confidence interval(CI).Study heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic,and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the stability of the findings.RESULTS A total of 8 randomized controlled trials involving 694 patients were included.The meta-analysis showed that warm acupuncture combined with acupoint massage significantly improved postoperative gastrointestinal function by reducing the time to first flatus(SMD=-2.14,95%CI:-3.14 to-1.14,P<0.0001),time to first bowel movement(SMD=-2.43,95%CI:-3.52 to-1.34,P<0.0001),time to bowel sounds recovery(SMD=-3.15,95%CI:-4.50 to-1.80,P<0.00001),and time to initiate nasogastric or jejunal feeding(SMD=-1.31,95%CI:-2.44 to-0.18,P=0.02).CONCLUSION The combination of warm acupuncture and acupoint massage markedly enhances gastrointestinal recovery following surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82174496(to NW),82374574(to NW),82302865(to LL)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Sailing Program,Nos.23YF1403800(to LL),23YF1405200(to YX)Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation-Shanghai Municipal Hospital Rehabilitation Medicine Specialty Alliance,No.SHDC22023304(to YW).
文摘Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture and explore its potential mechanisms in animal models of ischemic stroke.The PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CENTRAL,and CINAHL databases were comprehensively searched up to May 1,2024.This review included articles on preclinical investigations of the efficacy and mechanisms of electroacupuncture in treating ischemic stroke.Data from 70 eligible studies were analyzed in Stata 18.0,using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference(Hedge’s g).The risk of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.4 software,and the quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system.Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the consistency of the results and sensitivity analyses were used to assess their robustness.The quality assessment revealed that most studies adequately handled incomplete data and selective reporting.However,several methodological limitations were identified:only 4 studies demonstrated a low risk of allocation concealment,26 achieved a low risk of outcome assessment bias,and 9 had a high risk of randomization bias.Additionally,there was an unclear risk regarding participant blinding and other methodological aspects.The GRADE assessment rated 12 outcomes as moderate quality and 6 as low quality.The mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke can be categorized as five primary pathways:(1)Electroacupuncture significantly reduced infarct volume and apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)in ischemic stroke models;(2)electroacupuncture significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors(P<0.01)while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors(P=0.02);(3)electroacupuncture reduced the levels of oxidative stress indicators(P<0.01)and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes(P<0.01);(4)electroacupuncture significantly promoted nerve regeneration(P<0.01);and(5)electroacupuncture influenced blood flow remodeling(P<0.01)and angiogenesis(P<0.01).Subgroup analyses indicated that electroacupuncture was most effective in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model(P<0.01)and in post-middle cerebral artery occlusion intervention(P<0.01).Dispersive waves were found to outperform continuous waves with respect to neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects(P<0.01),while scalp acupoints demonstrated greater efficacy than body acupoints(P<0.01).The heterogeneity among the included studies was minimal,and sensitivity analyses indicated stable results.Their methodological quality was generally satisfactory.In conclusion,electroacupuncture is effective in treating cerebral ischemia by modulating cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,stroke-induced nerve regeneration,blood flow remodeling,and angiogenesis.The efficacy of electroacupuncture may be influenced by factors such as the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,the timing of intervention onset,waveform,and acupoint selection.Despite the moderate to low quality of evidence,these findings suggest that electroacupuncture has clinical potential for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.
基金thankful to Dr.Marina George Kudiyirickal MSc,MJDF-RCS,PhD for providing us the audio core tip of this article.
文摘BACKGROUND Data on the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)during Ramadan fasting is limited.No meta-analysis has summarized the safety and effectiveness of GLP-1RAs in these situations.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of GLP-1RA in patients with T2DM fasting during Ramadan.METHODS Electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies that featured GLP-1RA in the intervention arm and other glucose-lowering medications in the control arm.The primary outcome was adverse events(AEs)during Ramadan for both groups;other outcomes included changes in glycemic and anthropometric measures during the peri-Ramadan period.RESULTS Four studies[three randomized-controlled trials with low risk of bias(RoB)and one prospective observational study with serious RoB]involving 754 subjects were analyzed.GLP-1RA group achieved greater glycated hemoglobin reduction than the non-GLP-1RA group[mean difference(MD):-0.31%,95%CI:-0.61 to-0.01,P=0.04,I2=77%]with a lower risk of documented symptomatic hypoglycemia(risk ratio=0.38,95%CI:0.16 to 0.88,P=0.02).Any AEs,serious AEs,or AEs that led to treatment discontinuation were comparable between the two groups.The GLP-1RA group experienced greater weight loss compared to the non-GLP-1RA group(MD:-2.0 kg,95%CI:-3.37 to-0.63,P=0.004,I2=95%).There were comparable changes in blood pressure and lipid profile between the two groups.GLP-1RA users experienced higher risks of gastrointestinal AEs,nausea,and vomiting;however,the risks of heartburn,abdominal pain,and diarrhea were similar in both groups.CONCLUSION Limited evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs are safe for T2DM management during Ramadan,offering modest benefits in blood sugar control and weight loss.Large multicenter trials are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy in at-risk populations,improving clinical practice decision-making.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,emerging clinical research has prioritized assessment of combined therapeutic efficacy and safety parameters when programmed death 1 or its ligand(PD-1/L1)inhibitors are incorporated into first-line standard-of-care(SOC)therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).However,data obtained from these trials demonstrated conflicting evidence concerning survival benefits and clinical outcomes.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic impact and safety parameters of combining PD-1/L1 inhibitors with SOC protocols as first-line treatment for mCRC.METHODS Four biomedical databases(PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science)were systematically interrogated to identify eligible studies published up to October 12,2024.The analysis focused on evaluating the primary outcome of overall survival(OS)in the mCRC population with secondary outcomes of progression-free survival(PFS),overall response rate(ORR),and incidence rate of grade≥3 adverse events.Additionally,we performed exploratory analyses in the microsatellite stable/mismatch repair-proficient(MSS/pMMR)subpopulation,based on a subset of the included studies.Subgroup analyses according to PD-1/L1 inhibitor use were conducted in both the overall population and the MSS/pMMR subgroup.RESULTS This pooled analysis incorporated six randomized controlled trials involving 675 patients with mCRC receiving first-line therapy.The combination of PD-1/L1 inhibitors with SOC regimens demonstrated a significant PFS advantage over SOC monotherapy in intention-to-treat populations[hazard ratio(HR)=0.8,95%confidence interval(CI):0.65-0.98,P=0.033].Nevertheless,the MSS/pMMR subgroup showed no PFS benefit(HR=0.83,95%CI:0.67-1.03,P=0.091),and no cohort exhibited OS improvement(intention-to-treat:HR=0.84,95%CI:0.66-1.05,P=0.124;MSS/pMMR:HR=0.79,95%CI:0.60-1.03,P=0.083).Comparable outcomes were observed for ORR(risk ratio=1.03,95%CI:0.90-1.17,P=0.711)and incidence rate of grade≥3 adverse events(risk ratio=1.12,95%CI:0.93-1.36,P=0.245)between treatment arms.CONCLUSION The findings indicated that integrating PD-1/L1 blocking agents with SOC regimens for mCRC as first-line treatment failed to demonstrate significant improvements in ORR.Existing clinical data remain inadequate to establish OS advantages,particularly in patients with MSS/pMMR,despite exhibiting manageable toxicity profiles.Subsequent confirmation through rigorously designed phase III clinical trials remains essential to verify these therapeutic outcomes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Project:Research on the Correlation between Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution,Cupping Marks Color,and Clinical Efficacy Based on Regression Models (No.81804000)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To update the current best evidence on the effectiveness and safety of cupping therapy in pain management.METHODS:The protocol of this systematic review was registered at PROSPERO(CRD42021261308).An updated literature searching in 7 databases was conducted from January 2014 to January 2023.Two authors extracted data and assessed the risk of bias independently.Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software(Cochrane Collaboration,London,UK).Meta-analysis with a random effect model was conducted when there was no serious statistical heterogeneity among trials(I^(2) ≤ 75%).Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation was also conducted to assess the quality of evidence.RESULTS:Seventy-two trials with 5720 participants were included.All included trials were assessed as having high risk of bias.The majority of the included trials reported the benefit of cupping plus other therapy or cupping alone on improving cure rate(average risk ratio more than 1.15) and reducing visual analogue scale [average mean difference(MD) reduction 0.16 to 7.0 cm],improving quality of life,quality of sleep or other symptoms related to pain condition.And there was low/very low quality evidence that the incidence of adverse events in the cupping groups were lower than that in the control groups.Although the heterogeneity between studies and the methodological quality of the study itself lead to the low evidence strength of the current conclusions,the results of this study are a valuable supplement to the founding of previous review.CONCLUSION:Cupping therapy alone or combined with other therapy was considered benefit in relieving pain,improving the quality of life,and increasing the cure rate of patients with pain conditions,though supported by the low quality of evidence.According to the limited evidence,cupping therapy seems to have less harm than drugs when treating pain conditions.
文摘The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of warm needle treatment of osteoarthritis.Fourteen databases were searched from their inception through April 2015.Randomized clinical trials(RCTs)were included if a warm needle was used either as the sole treatment or as a part of a combination therapy for osteoarthritis.Risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane criteria.Of the articles that were identified
文摘Objective To overview the published systematic reviews/Meta-analysis based on the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonist in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A literature search was conducted with The Cochrane Library,Pub Med,EMBASE,CBM,Wanfang Data and CNKI from inception through December 2019.
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease,particularly ulcerative colitis(UC),poses significant treatment challenges due to its chronic nature and potential for severe complications.This editorial reviews a recent network meta-analysis that evaluated the efficacy of and highlighted the superior outcomes achieved by combining each of five traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulations with mesalazine for the adjuvant treatment of UC.Clinical outcomes included enhanced mucosal healing,improved quality of life,and reduced recurrence rates.Additionally,the combination therapy resulted in a lower incidence of adverse reactions compared with mesalazine monotherapy.Despite these promising results,limitations such as variability in study quality and TCM dosage highlight the need for further highquality,large-sample,multicenter randomized controlled trials.This editorial underscores the potential of TCM in enhancing UC management and calls for more rigorous research to substantiate these findings and refine clinical guidelines.
文摘BACKGROUND Explore the risk factors of gastrointestinal dysfunction after gastrointestinal tumor surgery and to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with gastrointestinal tumor surgery.AIM To investigate the potential risk factors for gastrointestinal dysfunction following gastrointestinal tumor surgery and to present information supporting the prevention and management of gastrointestinal dysfunction in surgery patients.METHODS Systematically searched the relevant literature from PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,China Biomedical Database,Wanfang Database,and Weipu Chinese Journal Database self-established until October 1,2022.Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis after two researchers independently screened literature,extracted data,and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.RESULTS A total of 23 pieces of literature were included,the quality of which was medium or above,and the total sample size was 43878.The results of meta-analysis showed that the patients were male(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.25-2.01,P=0.002)and≥60 years old(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.76-2.87,P<0.001),physical index≥25.3 kg/m2(OR=1.6,95%CI:1.00-1.12,P=0.040),smoking history(OR=1.89,95%CI:1.31-2.73,P<0.001),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.22-1.83,P<0.001),enterostomy(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.26-1.70,P<0.001),history of abdominal surgery(OR=2.90,95%CI:1.67-5.03,P<0.001),surgical site(OR=1.2,95%CI:1.40-2.62,P<0.001),operation method(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.08-2.62,P=0.020),operation duration(OR=2.65,95%CI:1.92-3.67,P<0.001),abdominal adhesion grade(OR=2.52,95%CI:1.90-3.56,P<0.001),postoperative opioid history(OR=5.35,95%CI:3.29-8.71,P<0.001),tumor TNM staging(OR=2.58,95%CI:1.84-3.62,P<0.001),postoperative blood transfusion(OR=2.92,95%CI:0.88-9.73,P=0.010)is a risk factor for postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with gastrointestinal tumors.CONCLUSION There are many factors affecting gastrointestinal dysfunction in gastrointestinal patients after surgery.Clinical staff should identify relevant risk factors early and implement targeted intervention measures on the basis of personalized assessment to improve the clinical prognosis of patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute cholecystitis(AC)is a common disease in general surgery.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)is widely recognized as the"gold standard"surgical procedure for treating AC.For low-risk patients without complications,LC is the recommended treatment plan,but there is still controversy regarding the treatment strategy for moderate AC patients,which relies more on the surgeon's experience and the medical platform of the visiting unit.Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture drainage(PTGBD)can effectively alleviate gallbladder inflammation,reduce gallbladder wall edema and adhesion around the gallbladder,and create a"time window"for elective surgery.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of LC or PTGBD combined with LC for treating AC patients,providing a theoretical basis for choosing reasonable surgical methods for AC patients.METHODS In this study,we conducted a clinical investigation regarding the combined use of PTGBD tubes for the treatment of gastric cancer patients with AC.We performed searches in the following databases:PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Wanfang Database.The search encompassed literature published from the inception of these databases to the present.Subsequently,relevant data were extracted,and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS A comprehensive analysis was conducted,encompassing 24 studies involving a total of 2564 patients.These patients were categorized into two groups:1371 in the LC group and 1193 in the PTGBD+LC group.The outcomes of the meta-analysis revealed noteworthy disparities between the PTGBD+LC group and the LC group in multiple dimensions:(1)Operative time:Mean difference(MD)=17.51,95%CI:9.53-25.49,P<0.01;(2)Conversion to open surgery rate:Odds ratio(OR)=2.95,95%CI:1.90-4.58,P<0.01;(3)Intraoperative bleeding loss:MD=32.27,95%CI:23.03-41.50,P<0.01;(4)Postoperative hospital stay:MD=1.44,95%CI:0.14-2.73,P=0.03;(5)Overall postoperative compli-cation rate:OR=1.88,95%CI:1.45-2.43,P<0.01;(6)Bile duct injury:OR=2.17,95%CI:1.30-3.64,P=0.003;(7)Intra-abdominal hemorrhage:OR=2.45,95%CI:1.06-5.64,P=0.004;and(8)Wound infection:OR=0.These find-ings consistently favored the PTGBD+LC group over the LC group.There were no significant differences in the total duration of hospitalization[MD=-1.85,95%CI:-4.86-1.16,P=0.23]or bile leakage[OR=1.33,95%CI:0.81-2.18,P=0.26]between the two groups.CONCLUSION The combination of PTGBD tubes with LC for AC treatment demonstrated superior clinical efficacy and enhanced safety,suggesting its broader application value in clinical practice.
基金Supported by Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians'Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012Lu'an Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2022lakj040.
文摘The presence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection has been indicated to have a protective influence on esophageal cancer(EC)in some studies,but its specific impact on the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma remains inconclusive.This manuscript comment addresses the recent study by López-Gómez et al.Despite it was a retrospective observational study without a control group,this study revealed a notably low prevalence of H.pylori infection among EC patients,indicating a potential association between H.pylori and EC in Spain.It is important to note that the relationship between H.pylori and the risk of EC varies geographically.We also conducted a metaanalysis focusing on this association in Asian populations to offer precise clinical insights.However,no significant correlation between H.pylori infection and EC was identified,suggesting that the perceived protective effect of H.pylori against EC may have been overestimated in the Asian population.
基金Supported by Scientific Research project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission,No.B202303077689Hunan Natural Science Foundation Project,No.2023JJ40397.
文摘BACKGROUND Transhepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE),as a local treatment,has been widely used in the treatment of unresectable liver cancer.The introduction of drug carrier microspheres has brought new hope for the therapeutic effect of TACE.Microspheres can realize the slow release and directional delivery of drugs,reduce systemic toxicity and improve local curative effect.AIM To compare the effectiveness of traditional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization against microsphere-assisted transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma that is incurable.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and CNKI databases for clinical trials of drug-luting beads TACE(DEB-TACE)vs conventional TACE(cTACE)for the treatment of unresectable liver cancer.We screened references based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and then selected valid data for meta-analysis using RevMan 53 software.The complete response(CR)rate,partial response(PR)rate,postoperative stable disease(SD)rate,and 6-month and 12-month survival rates were compared.RESULTS A total of 12 articles were included,including 1177 patients,519 of whom received DEB-TACE and 658 of whom received cTACE.The CR rate in the DEB-TACE group was much greater than that in the cTACE group[relative risk(RR)=1.42,95%CI:1.18-1.72,P=0.0002].The 12-month survival rate significantly increased(RR=1.09;95%CI:1.01-1.17,P=0.03);the PR rate(RR=1.13;95%CI:0.97-1.30,P=0.12);the SD rate(RR=0.82;95%CI:0.64-1.05,P=0.12);and the 6-month survival rate(RR=1.05;95%CI:1.00-1.10,P=0.07).There was no significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with those of iodized oil TACE,the drug-loaded microspheres tended to have therapeutic advantages.
