Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fund...Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fundamental trade-off between haze and transparency,coupled with impractical thicknesses(≥1 mm).Inspired by squid’s skin-peeling mechanism,this work develops a peroxyformic acid(HCOOOH)-enabled precision peeling strategy to isolate intact 10-μm-thick bamboo green(BG)frameworks—100×thinner than wood-based counterparts while achieving an unprecedented optical performance(88%haze with 80%transparency).This performance surpasses delignified biomass(transparency<40%at 1 mm)and matches engineered cellulose composites,yet requires no energy-intensive nanofibrillation.The preserved native cellulose I crystalline structure(64.76%crystallinity)and wax-coated uniaxial fibril alignment(Hermans factor:0.23)contribute to high mechanical strength(903 MPa modulus)and broadband light scattering.As a light-management layer in polycrystalline silicon solar cells,the BG framework boosts photoelectric conversion efficiency by 0.41%absolute(18.74%→19.15%),outperforming synthetic anti-reflective coatings.The work establishes a scalable,waste-to-wealth route for optical-grade cellulose materials in next-generation optoelectronics.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,heat accumulation under continuous illumination remains a critical bot...Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,heat accumulation under continuous illumination remains a critical bottleneck,severely affecting device stability and long-term operational performance.Herein,we present a multifunctional strategy by incorporating highly thermally conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) MXene nanosheets into the perovskite layer to simultaneously enhance thermal management and optoelectronic properties.The Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) nanosheets,embedded at perovskite grain boundaries,construct efficient thermal conduction pathways,significantly improving the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of the film.This leads to a notable reduction in the device’s steady-state operating temperature from 42.96 to 39.97 under 100 mW cm^(−2) illumination,thereby alleviating heat-induced performance degradation.Beyond thermal regulation,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X),with high conductivity and negatively charged surface terminations,also serves as an effective defect passivation agent,reducing trap-assisted recombination,while simultaneously facilitating charge extraction and transport by optimizing interfacial energy alignment.As a result,the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC achieve a champion PCE of 25.13%and exhibit outstanding thermal stability,retaining 80%of the initial PCE after 500 h of thermal aging at 85 and 30±5%relative humidity.(In contrast,control PSC retain only 58%after 200 h.)Moreover,under continuous maximum power point tracking in N2 atmosphere,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC retained 70%of the initial PCE after 500 h,whereas the control PSC drop sharply to 20%.These findings highlight the synergistic role of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) in thermal management and optoelectronic performance,paving the way for the development of high-efficiency and heat-resistant perovskite photovoltaics.展开更多
Objective expertise evaluation of individuals,as a prerequisite stage for team formation,has been a long-term desideratum in large software development companies.With the rapid advancements in machine learning methods...Objective expertise evaluation of individuals,as a prerequisite stage for team formation,has been a long-term desideratum in large software development companies.With the rapid advancements in machine learning methods,based on reliable existing data stored in project management tools’datasets,automating this evaluation process becomes a natural step forward.In this context,our approach focuses on quantifying software developer expertise by using metadata from the task-tracking systems.For this,we mathematically formalize two categories of expertise:technology-specific expertise,which denotes the skills required for a particular technology,and general expertise,which encapsulates overall knowledge in the software industry.Afterward,we automatically classify the zones of expertise associated with each task a developer has worked on using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)-like transformers to handle the unique characteristics of project tool datasets effectively.Finally,our method evaluates the proficiency of each software specialist across already completed projects from both technology-specific and general perspectives.The method was experimentally validated,yielding promising results.展开更多
Strategically coupling nanoparticle hybrids and internal thermosensitive molecular switches establishes an innovative paradigm for constructing micro/nanoscale-reconfigurable robots,facilitating energyefficient CO_(2)...Strategically coupling nanoparticle hybrids and internal thermosensitive molecular switches establishes an innovative paradigm for constructing micro/nanoscale-reconfigurable robots,facilitating energyefficient CO_(2) management in life-support systems of confined space.Here,a micro/nano-reconfigurable robot is constructed from the CO_(2) molecular hunters,temperature-sensitive molecular switch,solar photothermal conversion,and magnetically-driven function engines.The molecular hunters within the molecular extension state can capture 6.19 mmol g^(−1) of CO_(2) to form carbamic acid and ammonium bicarbonate.Interestingly,the molecular switch of the robot activates a molecular curling state that facilitates CO_(2) release through nano-reconfiguration,which is mediated by the temperature-sensitive curling of Pluronic F127 molecular chains during the photothermal desorption.Nano-reconfiguration of robot alters the amino microenvironment,including increasing surface electrostatic potential of the amino group and decreasing overall lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level.This weakened the nucleophilic attack ability of the amino group toward the adsorption product derivatives,thereby inhibiting the side reactions that generate hard-to-decompose urea structures,achieving the lowest regeneration temperature of 55℃ reported to date.The engine of the robot possesses non-contact magnetically-driven micro-reconfiguration capability to achieve efficient photothermal regeneration while avoiding local overheating.Notably,the robot successfully prolonged the survival time of mice in the sealed container by up to 54.61%,effectively addressing the issue of carbon suffocation in confined spaces.This work significantly enhances life-support systems for deep-space exploration,while stimulating innovations in sustainable carbon management technologies for terrestrial extreme environments.展开更多
The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This rev...The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.展开更多
As a major source of freshwater in Central Asia,Tajikistan is endowed with abundant glaciers and water resources.However,the country faces multiple challenges,including accelerated glacier retreat,complex inter-govern...As a major source of freshwater in Central Asia,Tajikistan is endowed with abundant glaciers and water resources.However,the country faces multiple challenges,including accelerated glacier retreat,complex inter-government water resource management,and inefficient water use.Existing research has predominantly focused on individual hydrological processes,such as glacier retreat,snow cover change,or transboundary water issues,but it has yet to fully capture the overall complexity of water system.Tajikistan’s water system functions as an integrated whole from mountain runoff to downstream supply,but a comprehensive study of its water resource has yet to be conducted.To address this research gap,this study systematically examined the status,challenges,and sustainable management strategies of Tajikistan’s water resources based on a literature review,remote sensing data analysis,and case studies.Despite Tajikistan’s relative abundance of water resources,global warming is accelerating glacier melting and altering the hydrological cycles,which have resulted in unstable runoff patterns and heightened risks of extreme events.In Tajikistan,outdated infrastructure and poor management are primary causes of low water-use efficiency in the agricultural sector,which accounts for 85.00%of the total water withdrawals.At the governance level,Tajikistan faces challenges in balancing the water-energy-food nexus and transboundary water resource issues.To address these issues,this study proposes core paths for Tajikistan to achieve sustainable water resource management,such as accelerating technological innovation,promoting water-saving agricultural technologies,improving water resource utilization efficiency,and establishing a community participation-based comprehensive management framework.Additionally,strengthening cross-border cooperation and improving real-time monitoring systems have been identified as critical steps to advance sustainable water resource utilization and evidence-based decision-making in Tajikistan and across Central Asia.展开更多
Rapid evolutions of the Internet of Electric Vehicles(IoEVs)are reshaping and modernizing transport systems,yet challenges remain in energy efficiency,better battery aging,and grid stability.Typical charging methods a...Rapid evolutions of the Internet of Electric Vehicles(IoEVs)are reshaping and modernizing transport systems,yet challenges remain in energy efficiency,better battery aging,and grid stability.Typical charging methods allow for EVs to be charged without thought being given to the condition of the battery or the grid demand,thus increasing energy costs and battery aging.This study proposes a smart charging station with an AI-powered Battery Management System(BMS),developed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink,to increase optimality in energy flow,battery health,and impractical scheduling within the IoEV environment.The system operates through real-time communication,load scheduling based on priorities,and adaptive charging based on batterymathematically computed State of Charge(SOC),State of Health(SOH),and thermal state,with bidirectional power flow(V2G),thus allowing EVs’participation towards grid stabilization.Simulation results revealed that the proposed model can reduce peak grid load by 37.8%;charging efficiency is enhanced by 92.6%;battery temperature lessened by 4.4℃;SOH extended over 100 cycles by 6.5%,if compared against the conventional technique.By this way,charging time was decreased by 12.4% and energy costs dropped by more than 20%.These results showed that smart charging with intelligent BMS can boost greatly the operational efficiency and sustainability of the IoEV ecosystem.展开更多
Lassa fever(LF)is an acute viral hemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa virus(LASV),an enveloped,spherical virus belonging to the Arenaviridae family.LASV possess a single-stranded RNA genome of negative polarity and...Lassa fever(LF)is an acute viral hemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa virus(LASV),an enveloped,spherical virus belonging to the Arenaviridae family.LASV possess a single-stranded RNA genome of negative polarity and exhibits high genetic diversity,corresponding to the geographical distribution of its seven principal distinct clades across West Africa[1].LASV was first isolated in 1969 from an American missionary nurse stationed in the rural town of Lassa,Borno State,Nigeria,following her return from a brief vacation in the United States[2].展开更多
The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often...The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often advanced one dimension—such as Internet of Things(IoT)-based data acquisition,Artificial Intelligence(AI)-driven analytics,or digital twin visualization—without fully integrating these strands into a single operational loop.As a result,many existing solutions encounter bottlenecks in responsiveness,interoperability,and scalability,while also leaving concerns about data privacy unresolved.This research introduces a hybrid AI–IoT–Digital Twin framework that combines continuous sensing,distributed intelligence,and simulation-based decision support.The design incorporates multi-source sensor data,lightweight edge inference through Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long ShortTerm Memory(LSTM)models,and federated learning enhanced with secure aggregation and differential privacy to maintain confidentiality.A digital twin layer extends these capabilities by simulating city assets such as traffic flows and water networks,generating what-if scenarios,and issuing actionable control signals.Complementary modules,including model compression and synchronization protocols,are embedded to ensure reliability in bandwidth-constrained and heterogeneous urban environments.The framework is validated in two urban domains:traffic management,where it adapts signal cycles based on real-time congestion patterns,and pipeline monitoring,where it anticipates leaks through pressure and vibration data.Experimental results show a 28%reduction in response time,a 35%decrease in maintenance costs,and a marked reduction in false positives relative to conventional baselines.The architecture also demonstrates stability across 50+edge devices under federated training and resilience to uneven node participation.The proposed system provides a scalable and privacy-aware foundation for predictive urban infrastructure management.By closing the loop between sensing,learning,and control,it reduces operator dependence,enhances resource efficiency,and supports transparent governance models for emerging smart cities.展开更多
Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu prov...Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu province,a national leader in both economic and agricultural development,as a case area to construct a multidimensional framework for assessing the recessive morphological characteristics of multifunctional cultivated land use.We examine temporal dynamics,spatial heterogeneity,and propose an integrated zoning strategy based on empirical analysis.The results reveal that:(1)The recessive morphology index shows a consistent upward trend,with structural breaks in 2007 and 2013,and a spatial shift from“higher in the east and lower in the west”to“higher in the south and lower in the north.”(2)Coordination among sub-dimensions of the index has steadily improved.(3)The index is expected to continue rising in the next decade,though at a slower pace.(4)To promote coordinated multidimensional land-use development,we recommend a policy framework that reinforces existing strengths,addresses weaknesses,and adapts zoning schemes to current spatial conditions.This research offers new insights into multifunctional cultivated land systems and underscores their role in enhancing human well-being,securing food supply,and supporting sustainable urban-rural integration.展开更多
Sustainable water,energy and food(WEF)supplies are the bedrock upon which human society depends.Solar-driven interfacial evaporation,combined with electricity generation and cultivation,is a promising approach to miti...Sustainable water,energy and food(WEF)supplies are the bedrock upon which human society depends.Solar-driven interfacial evaporation,combined with electricity generation and cultivation,is a promising approach to mitigate the freshwater,energy and food crises.However,the performance of solar-driven systems decreases significantly during operation due to uncontrollable weather.This study proposes an integrated water/electricity cogeneration-cultivation system with superior thermal management.The energy storage evaporator,consisting of energy storage microcapsules/hydrogel composites,is optimally designed for sustainable desalination,achieving an evaporation rate of around 1.91 kg m^(-2)h^(-1).In the dark,heat released from the phase-change layer supported an evaporation rate of around 0.54kg m^(-2)h^(-1).Reverse electrodialysis harnessed the salinity-gradient energy enhanced during desalination,enabling the long-running WEC system to achieve a power output of~0.3 W m^(-2),which was almost three times higher than that of conventional seawater/surface water mixing.Additionally,an integrated crop irrigation platform utilized system drainage for real-time,on-demand wheat cultivation without secondary contaminants,facilitating seamless WEF integration.This work presents a novel approach to all-day solar water production,electricity generation and crop irrigation,offering a solution and blueprint for the sustainable development of WEF.展开更多
Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized ...Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized step-up strate-gies,the clinical practice remains heterogeneous,with variability in endoscopic strategies,procedural timing,device selection,and adjunctive techniques contri-buting to inconsistent outcomes.This review synthesizes current evidence to contribute to a structured framework integrating multidisciplinary team decision-making,advanced imaging(three-dimensional reconstruction,contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging),EUS assessment,and biomarker-driven risk stratification(C-reactive protein,procalcitonin)to optimize patient selection,intervention timing,and complication management.Key stan-dardization components include endoscopic assessment and procedural strate-gies,optimal timing of intervention,personalized approaches for complex pan-creatic collections,and techniques to reduce the number of endoscopic debride-ments and mitigate complications.This work aims to enhance clinical outcomes,minimize practice heterogeneity,and establish a foundation for future research and guideline development in endoscopic management of INP.展开更多
Objective To explore the risk management of the changes of sponsors and/or production sites during drug clinical trials based on the theories of quality management,risk management,and change management.Methods The met...Objective To explore the risk management of the changes of sponsors and/or production sites during drug clinical trials based on the theories of quality management,risk management,and change management.Methods The method of failure modes and effect analysis(FMEA)was used to identify risks through literature research,expert consultation,comparative research,and comprehensive analysis.Besides,risk priority number(RPN)was used to evaluate the risks.Results and Conclusion A FMEA of the changes of sponsors and/or production sites in clinical trials was constructed and RPN values of every failure mode and causes were obtained.Based on the RPN values,the core risk control points for different combination modes of sponsors and/or production sites after their changes were identified.It is recommended that China should strengthen the construction of the sponsor responsibility system.In addition,the changes of sponsors and/or production sites during the clinical trial period should be allowed in an orderly manner under the premise of ensuring the quality of clinical trials and subject protection.展开更多
The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we explore how young people respond to the increasing focus on body weight management.As obesity rates climb,body weigh...The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we explore how young people respond to the increasing focus on body weight management.As obesity rates climb,body weight management has become a growing concern in China.The government is introducing targeted policies,hospitals are setting up dedicated clinics,and health experts are speaking out.But weight is no longer just a medical issue-it’s increas-ingly tied to identity,confidence,and social image.We examine the cultural forces shaping how young people in China and Africa approach weight-what drives their choices,how ideals are formed,and where health meets appearance in today’s shifting societies.展开更多
Journal Introduction"International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management"is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China,and organized by North...Journal Introduction"International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management"is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English academic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.展开更多
Refined management,as a management concept and method that pursues efficiency,quality,and low consumption,has been applied in various industries.Due to its particularity,the construction industry needs to strengthen m...Refined management,as a management concept and method that pursues efficiency,quality,and low consumption,has been applied in various industries.Due to its particularity,the construction industry needs to strengthen management and refined management has become the primary choice for the industry,which is of great significance for its stable development.The article elaborates on the definition of refined management,analyzes the necessity of refined management in the construction industry,and explores the application measures of refined management in construction industry management,aiming to provide reference for improving the management level of the construction industry.展开更多
We propose a hybrid and contingent approach to the management of digital projects,based on the assumption that there is not an absolute best way,but the approach should fit context and environment.The pillars of our c...We propose a hybrid and contingent approach to the management of digital projects,based on the assumption that there is not an absolute best way,but the approach should fit context and environment.The pillars of our contingent framework are Agile methodologies,predictive project management,and AI.The analysis of project management methodologies is based on a layered project model.Specifically,we identify 4 project concentric layers for both Agile and predictive project management.That layered model allows us to deploy different methodologies consistently with the distinct characteristics of each project.We describe the key characteristics of each approach and,also,we map Agile methodologies on the sociotechnical profile of projects.Finally,we summarize the impact of AI on predictive and hybrid projects.展开更多
In 6th Generation Mobile Networks(6G),the Space-Integrated-Ground(SIG)Radio Access Network(RAN)promises seamless coverage and exceptionally high Quality of Service(QoS)for diverse services.However,achieving this neces...In 6th Generation Mobile Networks(6G),the Space-Integrated-Ground(SIG)Radio Access Network(RAN)promises seamless coverage and exceptionally high Quality of Service(QoS)for diverse services.However,achieving this necessitates effective management of computation and wireless resources tailored to the requirements of various services.The heterogeneity of computation resources and interference among shared wireless resources pose significant coordination and management challenges.To solve these problems,this work provides an overview of multi-dimensional resource management in 6G SIG RAN,including computation and wireless resource.Firstly it provides with a review of current investigations on computation and wireless resource management and an analysis of existing deficiencies and challenges.Then focusing on the provided challenges,the work proposes an MEC-based computation resource management scheme and a mixed numerology-based wireless resource management scheme.Furthermore,it outlines promising future technologies,including joint model-driven and data-driven resource management technology,and blockchain-based resource management technology within the 6G SIG network.The work also highlights remaining challenges,such as reducing communication costs associated with unstable ground-to-satellite links and overcoming barriers posed by spectrum isolation.Overall,this comprehensive approach aims to pave the way for efficient and effective resource management in future 6G networks.展开更多
Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Pol...Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English academic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary sub⁃ject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.It is of the characteristics of reporting both engineering and management while giving more priority to engineering as well as mechanics and electrics while giving priority to mechanics.Its contents involves technology,economy,management etc.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies in Western countries and is among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality.Despite advancements in primary tumor resection and systemic therapies,a...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies in Western countries and is among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality.Despite advancements in primary tumor resection and systemic therapies,a significantproportion of patients develop metastatic disease,with the lungs being a frequent site of dissemination.1 Approximately 10%–25%of CRC patients experience pulmonary metastases,a condition that poses substantial challenges in oncological management.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32494793).
文摘Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fundamental trade-off between haze and transparency,coupled with impractical thicknesses(≥1 mm).Inspired by squid’s skin-peeling mechanism,this work develops a peroxyformic acid(HCOOOH)-enabled precision peeling strategy to isolate intact 10-μm-thick bamboo green(BG)frameworks—100×thinner than wood-based counterparts while achieving an unprecedented optical performance(88%haze with 80%transparency).This performance surpasses delignified biomass(transparency<40%at 1 mm)and matches engineered cellulose composites,yet requires no energy-intensive nanofibrillation.The preserved native cellulose I crystalline structure(64.76%crystallinity)and wax-coated uniaxial fibril alignment(Hermans factor:0.23)contribute to high mechanical strength(903 MPa modulus)and broadband light scattering.As a light-management layer in polycrystalline silicon solar cells,the BG framework boosts photoelectric conversion efficiency by 0.41%absolute(18.74%→19.15%),outperforming synthetic anti-reflective coatings.The work establishes a scalable,waste-to-wealth route for optical-grade cellulose materials in next-generation optoelectronics.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62374029,22175029,62474033,and W2433038)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.YESS20220550)+2 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2024NSFSC0250)the Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen Innovation Committee(JCYJ20210324135614040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.ZYGX2022J032).
文摘Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,heat accumulation under continuous illumination remains a critical bottleneck,severely affecting device stability and long-term operational performance.Herein,we present a multifunctional strategy by incorporating highly thermally conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) MXene nanosheets into the perovskite layer to simultaneously enhance thermal management and optoelectronic properties.The Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) nanosheets,embedded at perovskite grain boundaries,construct efficient thermal conduction pathways,significantly improving the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of the film.This leads to a notable reduction in the device’s steady-state operating temperature from 42.96 to 39.97 under 100 mW cm^(−2) illumination,thereby alleviating heat-induced performance degradation.Beyond thermal regulation,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X),with high conductivity and negatively charged surface terminations,also serves as an effective defect passivation agent,reducing trap-assisted recombination,while simultaneously facilitating charge extraction and transport by optimizing interfacial energy alignment.As a result,the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC achieve a champion PCE of 25.13%and exhibit outstanding thermal stability,retaining 80%of the initial PCE after 500 h of thermal aging at 85 and 30±5%relative humidity.(In contrast,control PSC retain only 58%after 200 h.)Moreover,under continuous maximum power point tracking in N2 atmosphere,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC retained 70%of the initial PCE after 500 h,whereas the control PSC drop sharply to 20%.These findings highlight the synergistic role of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) in thermal management and optoelectronic performance,paving the way for the development of high-efficiency and heat-resistant perovskite photovoltaics.
基金supported by the project“Romanian Hub for Artificial Intelligence-HRIA”,Smart Growth,Digitization and Financial Instruments Program,2021–2027,MySMIS No.334906.
文摘Objective expertise evaluation of individuals,as a prerequisite stage for team formation,has been a long-term desideratum in large software development companies.With the rapid advancements in machine learning methods,based on reliable existing data stored in project management tools’datasets,automating this evaluation process becomes a natural step forward.In this context,our approach focuses on quantifying software developer expertise by using metadata from the task-tracking systems.For this,we mathematically formalize two categories of expertise:technology-specific expertise,which denotes the skills required for a particular technology,and general expertise,which encapsulates overall knowledge in the software industry.Afterward,we automatically classify the zones of expertise associated with each task a developer has worked on using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)-like transformers to handle the unique characteristics of project tool datasets effectively.Finally,our method evaluates the proficiency of each software specialist across already completed projects from both technology-specific and general perspectives.The method was experimentally validated,yielding promising results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22168008,22378085)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2024GXNSFDA010053)+1 种基金the Technology Development Project of Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd(202100039)Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(YCBZ2024065).
文摘Strategically coupling nanoparticle hybrids and internal thermosensitive molecular switches establishes an innovative paradigm for constructing micro/nanoscale-reconfigurable robots,facilitating energyefficient CO_(2) management in life-support systems of confined space.Here,a micro/nano-reconfigurable robot is constructed from the CO_(2) molecular hunters,temperature-sensitive molecular switch,solar photothermal conversion,and magnetically-driven function engines.The molecular hunters within the molecular extension state can capture 6.19 mmol g^(−1) of CO_(2) to form carbamic acid and ammonium bicarbonate.Interestingly,the molecular switch of the robot activates a molecular curling state that facilitates CO_(2) release through nano-reconfiguration,which is mediated by the temperature-sensitive curling of Pluronic F127 molecular chains during the photothermal desorption.Nano-reconfiguration of robot alters the amino microenvironment,including increasing surface electrostatic potential of the amino group and decreasing overall lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level.This weakened the nucleophilic attack ability of the amino group toward the adsorption product derivatives,thereby inhibiting the side reactions that generate hard-to-decompose urea structures,achieving the lowest regeneration temperature of 55℃ reported to date.The engine of the robot possesses non-contact magnetically-driven micro-reconfiguration capability to achieve efficient photothermal regeneration while avoiding local overheating.Notably,the robot successfully prolonged the survival time of mice in the sealed container by up to 54.61%,effectively addressing the issue of carbon suffocation in confined spaces.This work significantly enhances life-support systems for deep-space exploration,while stimulating innovations in sustainable carbon management technologies for terrestrial extreme environments.
文摘The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(W2412135)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘As a major source of freshwater in Central Asia,Tajikistan is endowed with abundant glaciers and water resources.However,the country faces multiple challenges,including accelerated glacier retreat,complex inter-government water resource management,and inefficient water use.Existing research has predominantly focused on individual hydrological processes,such as glacier retreat,snow cover change,or transboundary water issues,but it has yet to fully capture the overall complexity of water system.Tajikistan’s water system functions as an integrated whole from mountain runoff to downstream supply,but a comprehensive study of its water resource has yet to be conducted.To address this research gap,this study systematically examined the status,challenges,and sustainable management strategies of Tajikistan’s water resources based on a literature review,remote sensing data analysis,and case studies.Despite Tajikistan’s relative abundance of water resources,global warming is accelerating glacier melting and altering the hydrological cycles,which have resulted in unstable runoff patterns and heightened risks of extreme events.In Tajikistan,outdated infrastructure and poor management are primary causes of low water-use efficiency in the agricultural sector,which accounts for 85.00%of the total water withdrawals.At the governance level,Tajikistan faces challenges in balancing the water-energy-food nexus and transboundary water resource issues.To address these issues,this study proposes core paths for Tajikistan to achieve sustainable water resource management,such as accelerating technological innovation,promoting water-saving agricultural technologies,improving water resource utilization efficiency,and establishing a community participation-based comprehensive management framework.Additionally,strengthening cross-border cooperation and improving real-time monitoring systems have been identified as critical steps to advance sustainable water resource utilization and evidence-based decision-making in Tajikistan and across Central Asia.
文摘Rapid evolutions of the Internet of Electric Vehicles(IoEVs)are reshaping and modernizing transport systems,yet challenges remain in energy efficiency,better battery aging,and grid stability.Typical charging methods allow for EVs to be charged without thought being given to the condition of the battery or the grid demand,thus increasing energy costs and battery aging.This study proposes a smart charging station with an AI-powered Battery Management System(BMS),developed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink,to increase optimality in energy flow,battery health,and impractical scheduling within the IoEV environment.The system operates through real-time communication,load scheduling based on priorities,and adaptive charging based on batterymathematically computed State of Charge(SOC),State of Health(SOH),and thermal state,with bidirectional power flow(V2G),thus allowing EVs’participation towards grid stabilization.Simulation results revealed that the proposed model can reduce peak grid load by 37.8%;charging efficiency is enhanced by 92.6%;battery temperature lessened by 4.4℃;SOH extended over 100 cycles by 6.5%,if compared against the conventional technique.By this way,charging time was decreased by 12.4% and energy costs dropped by more than 20%.These results showed that smart charging with intelligent BMS can boost greatly the operational efficiency and sustainability of the IoEV ecosystem.
文摘Lassa fever(LF)is an acute viral hemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa virus(LASV),an enveloped,spherical virus belonging to the Arenaviridae family.LASV possess a single-stranded RNA genome of negative polarity and exhibits high genetic diversity,corresponding to the geographical distribution of its seven principal distinct clades across West Africa[1].LASV was first isolated in 1969 from an American missionary nurse stationed in the rural town of Lassa,Borno State,Nigeria,following her return from a brief vacation in the United States[2].
基金The researchers would like to thank the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University for financial support(QU-APC-2025)。
文摘The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often advanced one dimension—such as Internet of Things(IoT)-based data acquisition,Artificial Intelligence(AI)-driven analytics,or digital twin visualization—without fully integrating these strands into a single operational loop.As a result,many existing solutions encounter bottlenecks in responsiveness,interoperability,and scalability,while also leaving concerns about data privacy unresolved.This research introduces a hybrid AI–IoT–Digital Twin framework that combines continuous sensing,distributed intelligence,and simulation-based decision support.The design incorporates multi-source sensor data,lightweight edge inference through Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long ShortTerm Memory(LSTM)models,and federated learning enhanced with secure aggregation and differential privacy to maintain confidentiality.A digital twin layer extends these capabilities by simulating city assets such as traffic flows and water networks,generating what-if scenarios,and issuing actionable control signals.Complementary modules,including model compression and synchronization protocols,are embedded to ensure reliability in bandwidth-constrained and heterogeneous urban environments.The framework is validated in two urban domains:traffic management,where it adapts signal cycles based on real-time congestion patterns,and pipeline monitoring,where it anticipates leaks through pressure and vibration data.Experimental results show a 28%reduction in response time,a 35%decrease in maintenance costs,and a marked reduction in false positives relative to conventional baselines.The architecture also demonstrates stability across 50+edge devices under federated training and resilience to uneven node participation.The proposed system provides a scalable and privacy-aware foundation for predictive urban infrastructure management.By closing the loop between sensing,learning,and control,it reduces operator dependence,enhances resource efficiency,and supports transparent governance models for emerging smart cities.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42101252。
文摘Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu province,a national leader in both economic and agricultural development,as a case area to construct a multidimensional framework for assessing the recessive morphological characteristics of multifunctional cultivated land use.We examine temporal dynamics,spatial heterogeneity,and propose an integrated zoning strategy based on empirical analysis.The results reveal that:(1)The recessive morphology index shows a consistent upward trend,with structural breaks in 2007 and 2013,and a spatial shift from“higher in the east and lower in the west”to“higher in the south and lower in the north.”(2)Coordination among sub-dimensions of the index has steadily improved.(3)The index is expected to continue rising in the next decade,though at a slower pace.(4)To promote coordinated multidimensional land-use development,we recommend a policy framework that reinforces existing strengths,addresses weaknesses,and adapts zoning schemes to current spatial conditions.This research offers new insights into multifunctional cultivated land systems and underscores their role in enhancing human well-being,securing food supply,and supporting sustainable urban-rural integration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52070057)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730855)Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(No.LBH-Z22183)for financial support。
文摘Sustainable water,energy and food(WEF)supplies are the bedrock upon which human society depends.Solar-driven interfacial evaporation,combined with electricity generation and cultivation,is a promising approach to mitigate the freshwater,energy and food crises.However,the performance of solar-driven systems decreases significantly during operation due to uncontrollable weather.This study proposes an integrated water/electricity cogeneration-cultivation system with superior thermal management.The energy storage evaporator,consisting of energy storage microcapsules/hydrogel composites,is optimally designed for sustainable desalination,achieving an evaporation rate of around 1.91 kg m^(-2)h^(-1).In the dark,heat released from the phase-change layer supported an evaporation rate of around 0.54kg m^(-2)h^(-1).Reverse electrodialysis harnessed the salinity-gradient energy enhanced during desalination,enabling the long-running WEC system to achieve a power output of~0.3 W m^(-2),which was almost three times higher than that of conventional seawater/surface water mixing.Additionally,an integrated crop irrigation platform utilized system drainage for real-time,on-demand wheat cultivation without secondary contaminants,facilitating seamless WEF integration.This work presents a novel approach to all-day solar water production,electricity generation and crop irrigation,offering a solution and blueprint for the sustainable development of WEF.
基金Supported by the Education and Teaching Reform Project of the First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University,No.CMER202305Natural Science Foundation of Xizang Autonomous Region,No.XZ2024ZR-ZY100(Z)Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine,Chongqing Medical University,China,No.W0138.
文摘Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized step-up strate-gies,the clinical practice remains heterogeneous,with variability in endoscopic strategies,procedural timing,device selection,and adjunctive techniques contri-buting to inconsistent outcomes.This review synthesizes current evidence to contribute to a structured framework integrating multidisciplinary team decision-making,advanced imaging(three-dimensional reconstruction,contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging),EUS assessment,and biomarker-driven risk stratification(C-reactive protein,procalcitonin)to optimize patient selection,intervention timing,and complication management.Key stan-dardization components include endoscopic assessment and procedural strate-gies,optimal timing of intervention,personalized approaches for complex pan-creatic collections,and techniques to reduce the number of endoscopic debride-ments and mitigate complications.This work aims to enhance clinical outcomes,minimize practice heterogeneity,and establish a foundation for future research and guideline development in endoscopic management of INP.
文摘Objective To explore the risk management of the changes of sponsors and/or production sites during drug clinical trials based on the theories of quality management,risk management,and change management.Methods The method of failure modes and effect analysis(FMEA)was used to identify risks through literature research,expert consultation,comparative research,and comprehensive analysis.Besides,risk priority number(RPN)was used to evaluate the risks.Results and Conclusion A FMEA of the changes of sponsors and/or production sites in clinical trials was constructed and RPN values of every failure mode and causes were obtained.Based on the RPN values,the core risk control points for different combination modes of sponsors and/or production sites after their changes were identified.It is recommended that China should strengthen the construction of the sponsor responsibility system.In addition,the changes of sponsors and/or production sites during the clinical trial period should be allowed in an orderly manner under the premise of ensuring the quality of clinical trials and subject protection.
文摘The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we explore how young people respond to the increasing focus on body weight management.As obesity rates climb,body weight management has become a growing concern in China.The government is introducing targeted policies,hospitals are setting up dedicated clinics,and health experts are speaking out.But weight is no longer just a medical issue-it’s increas-ingly tied to identity,confidence,and social image.We examine the cultural forces shaping how young people in China and Africa approach weight-what drives their choices,how ideals are formed,and where health meets appearance in today’s shifting societies.
文摘Journal Introduction"International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management"is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English academic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.
文摘Refined management,as a management concept and method that pursues efficiency,quality,and low consumption,has been applied in various industries.Due to its particularity,the construction industry needs to strengthen management and refined management has become the primary choice for the industry,which is of great significance for its stable development.The article elaborates on the definition of refined management,analyzes the necessity of refined management in the construction industry,and explores the application measures of refined management in construction industry management,aiming to provide reference for improving the management level of the construction industry.
文摘We propose a hybrid and contingent approach to the management of digital projects,based on the assumption that there is not an absolute best way,but the approach should fit context and environment.The pillars of our contingent framework are Agile methodologies,predictive project management,and AI.The analysis of project management methodologies is based on a layered project model.Specifically,we identify 4 project concentric layers for both Agile and predictive project management.That layered model allows us to deploy different methodologies consistently with the distinct characteristics of each project.We describe the key characteristics of each approach and,also,we map Agile methodologies on the sociotechnical profile of projects.Finally,we summarize the impact of AI on predictive and hybrid projects.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB2900504).
文摘In 6th Generation Mobile Networks(6G),the Space-Integrated-Ground(SIG)Radio Access Network(RAN)promises seamless coverage and exceptionally high Quality of Service(QoS)for diverse services.However,achieving this necessitates effective management of computation and wireless resources tailored to the requirements of various services.The heterogeneity of computation resources and interference among shared wireless resources pose significant coordination and management challenges.To solve these problems,this work provides an overview of multi-dimensional resource management in 6G SIG RAN,including computation and wireless resource.Firstly it provides with a review of current investigations on computation and wireless resource management and an analysis of existing deficiencies and challenges.Then focusing on the provided challenges,the work proposes an MEC-based computation resource management scheme and a mixed numerology-based wireless resource management scheme.Furthermore,it outlines promising future technologies,including joint model-driven and data-driven resource management technology,and blockchain-based resource management technology within the 6G SIG network.The work also highlights remaining challenges,such as reducing communication costs associated with unstable ground-to-satellite links and overcoming barriers posed by spectrum isolation.Overall,this comprehensive approach aims to pave the way for efficient and effective resource management in future 6G networks.
文摘Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English academic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary sub⁃ject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.It is of the characteristics of reporting both engineering and management while giving more priority to engineering as well as mechanics and electrics while giving priority to mechanics.Its contents involves technology,economy,management etc.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies in Western countries and is among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality.Despite advancements in primary tumor resection and systemic therapies,a significantproportion of patients develop metastatic disease,with the lungs being a frequent site of dissemination.1 Approximately 10%–25%of CRC patients experience pulmonary metastases,a condition that poses substantial challenges in oncological management.
