The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH).methyltestosterone (MT)and L-thyroxine (T4)on the growth of red sea bream. Pagrosomus major.were investigated.Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg 1 f...The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH).methyltestosterone (MT)and L-thyroxine (T4)on the growth of red sea bream. Pagrosomus major.were investigated.Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg 1 for 2 hevery 5 dsys resulted in significant increase in both weight and length.but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the 37day treatment period.Immersion in 0.1 mg:1 T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high mortality.In the second study.injection of 2 μg reGH(gwk)caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR) of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4-week treatment period and maintained the increasing trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4-6).Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg (gwk) resulted in a significant展开更多
Nonthyroidal illness syndrome(NTIS)is a common finding in critically ill patients,characterized by disruptions in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis,resulting in altered levels of thyroxine(T4),triiodothyronine(T...Nonthyroidal illness syndrome(NTIS)is a common finding in critically ill patients,characterized by disruptions in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis,resulting in altered levels of thyroxine(T4),triiodothyronine(T3),and reverse T3.This condition,often considered to be an adaptive response aimed at conserving energy,can become maladaptive in prolonged critical illness,contributing to poor outcomes in intensive care unit patients.The pathophysiology of NTIS involves cytokine-driven alterations in thyroid hormone(TH)metabolism,impaired hormone transport,and reduced receptor sensitivity,which-collectively-suppress thyroid function.Despite these insights,the therapeutic role of TH replacement in patients with NTIS remains uncertain.Low doses of levothyroxine and T3 have been trialed,particularly in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities,but clinical studies report conflicting results regarding their impact on mortality and overall patient outcomes.While some evidence suggests potential benefits of T3 administration in specific subgroups,such as patients with septic shock or severe coronavirus disease 2019,robust clinical trials have yet to conclusively demonstrate improved survival or recovery.The heterogeneity in NTIS presen-tation and treatment protocols,as well as the complex nature of TH regulation in critically ill patients,complicates efforts to establish clear guidelines for hormone therapy.Future research should prioritize individualized approaches,optimizing hormone dosing and timing,while aiming to elucidate the long-term effects of such interventions on critically ill patients to improve morbidity and mortality outcomes.展开更多
文摘The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH).methyltestosterone (MT)and L-thyroxine (T4)on the growth of red sea bream. Pagrosomus major.were investigated.Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg 1 for 2 hevery 5 dsys resulted in significant increase in both weight and length.but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the 37day treatment period.Immersion in 0.1 mg:1 T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high mortality.In the second study.injection of 2 μg reGH(gwk)caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR) of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4-week treatment period and maintained the increasing trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4-6).Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg (gwk) resulted in a significant
文摘Nonthyroidal illness syndrome(NTIS)is a common finding in critically ill patients,characterized by disruptions in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis,resulting in altered levels of thyroxine(T4),triiodothyronine(T3),and reverse T3.This condition,often considered to be an adaptive response aimed at conserving energy,can become maladaptive in prolonged critical illness,contributing to poor outcomes in intensive care unit patients.The pathophysiology of NTIS involves cytokine-driven alterations in thyroid hormone(TH)metabolism,impaired hormone transport,and reduced receptor sensitivity,which-collectively-suppress thyroid function.Despite these insights,the therapeutic role of TH replacement in patients with NTIS remains uncertain.Low doses of levothyroxine and T3 have been trialed,particularly in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities,but clinical studies report conflicting results regarding their impact on mortality and overall patient outcomes.While some evidence suggests potential benefits of T3 administration in specific subgroups,such as patients with septic shock or severe coronavirus disease 2019,robust clinical trials have yet to conclusively demonstrate improved survival or recovery.The heterogeneity in NTIS presen-tation and treatment protocols,as well as the complex nature of TH regulation in critically ill patients,complicates efforts to establish clear guidelines for hormone therapy.Future research should prioritize individualized approaches,optimizing hormone dosing and timing,while aiming to elucidate the long-term effects of such interventions on critically ill patients to improve morbidity and mortality outcomes.
