Barite/TiO2 composite particle(B/TCP)was prepared by coating TiO2 on the surfaces of barite particles through mechano-chemical method.The preparation parameters and pigment properties of B/TCP as well as the interacti...Barite/TiO2 composite particle(B/TCP)was prepared by coating TiO2 on the surfaces of barite particles through mechano-chemical method.The preparation parameters and pigment properties of B/TCP as well as the interaction mechanism between barite and TiO2 were studied.The results indicated that the mechanical co-grinding process and the proportion of TiO2 affected the properties of B/TCP significantly.B/TCP prepared under optimal conditions was similar to TiO2 in pigment properties.It was mainly the strong electrostatic attraction between barite and TiO2 in water that combined them firmly and then formed B/TCP.展开更多
This review focuses on the occurrence and interactions of engineered nanoparticles(ENPs)and brominated flame retardants(BFRs)such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in water systems and the generation of highly c...This review focuses on the occurrence and interactions of engineered nanoparticles(ENPs)and brominated flame retardants(BFRs)such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in water systems and the generation of highly complex compounds in the environment.The release of ENPs and BFRs(e.g.PBDEs)to aquatic environments during their usage and disposal are summarised together with their key interaction mechanisms.The major interaction mechanisms including electrostatic,van derWaals,hydrophobic,molecular bridging and steric,hydrogen andπ-bonding,cation bridging and ligand exchange were identified.The presence of ENPs could influence the fate and behaviour of PBDEs through the interactions as well as induced reactions under certain conditions which increases the formation of complex compounds.The interaction leads to alteration of behaviour for PBDEs and their toxic effects to ecological receptors.The intermingled compound(ENPs-BFRs)would show different behaviour from the parental ENPs or BFRs,which are currently lack of investigation.This review provided insights on the interactions of ENPs and BFRs in artificial,environmental water systems and wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),which are important for a comprehensive risk assessment.展开更多
The interaction mechanism between the combustion products of pulverized coal injected and coke in the raceway of blast furnace was studied through thermodynamic calculation and experiments.The results indicated that a...The interaction mechanism between the combustion products of pulverized coal injected and coke in the raceway of blast furnace was studied through thermodynamic calculation and experiments.The results indicated that additives significantly affected the melting property of coal ash in high temperature zone.Although the unburnt char,raw coal ash,and catalyzed coal ash failed to wet the coke surface,the wettability of the catalyzed coal ash on the coke was greater than that of the raw coal ash.Since the unburnt char had weak reaction with the coke surface,it showed little influence on the surface morphology of the coke.The interaction between the raw coal ash and the coke gave rise to the increase in the pore size on the coke surface.However,the raw coal ash only affected the coke surface and the entrances of the pores owing to its poor fluidity.After being melted,the catalyzed coal ash was expected to immerge into the inside part of the coke and then react with the coke,resulting in an expansion and increase of coke cavities.The raw coal ash and the unburnt char reduced the coke reactivity,while the catalyzed coal ash improved the coke reactivity.Thereinto,the coal ash containing Fe2O3 exhibited a larger influence on the reactivity than that containing CaO.展开更多
A series of novel chalcone derivatives that contain the 1,1-dichloropropene moiety was designed and synthesized. Bioactivity assays showed that most of the target compounds exhibited moderate to good antiviral activit...A series of novel chalcone derivatives that contain the 1,1-dichloropropene moiety was designed and synthesized. Bioactivity assays showed that most of the target compounds exhibited moderate to good antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus（TMV） at 500 mg/m L. Among the target compounds,compound 7h showed the highest in vivo inactivation activity against TMV with the EC50 and EC90value of 45.6 and 327.5 mg/m L, respectively, which was similar to that of Ningnanmycin（46.9 and 329.4 mg/m L）and superior to that of Ribavirin（145.1 and 793.1 mg/m L）. Meanwhile, the microscale thermophoresis and fluorescence spectroscopy experiments showed that the compound 7h had a strong interaction with the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein.展开更多
Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and tuberculosis(TB) coinfection is a serious public health problem. HIV and TB promote each other, accelerating development of HIV to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) and hei...Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and tuberculosis(TB) coinfection is a serious public health problem. HIV and TB promote each other, accelerating development of HIV to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) and heightening TB mortality. Determining interaction mechanism between HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis can lead to development of effective treatments. This study summarizes prevalence status of AIDS and TB coinfection and research advances concerning their interaction mechanism.展开更多
Carboxylmethyl cellulose(CMC) has become a commercial organic binder in agglomeration of iron ore concentrates. The relative molecular mass and degree of substitution(DS) of CMC have a large impact on its binding perf...Carboxylmethyl cellulose(CMC) has become a commercial organic binder in agglomeration of iron ore concentrates. The relative molecular mass and degree of substitution(DS) of CMC have a large impact on its binding performance. The interaction mechanism between CMC and iron ore particles was analyzed through Zeta potential measurements, adsorption measurements and infrared spectra. The results show that the interaction is chemical adsorption-oriented and the CMC's adsorption performance is related to the properties of CMC as well as the type of iron oxides. CMC has a greater affinity to Fe2O3 than Fe3O4, and CMC with higher relative molecular mass shows a higher adsorption isotherm. Pelletization of practical iron ore concentrates added with CMC further illustrates that CMC with higher relative molecular mass or DS exhibits a better binding performance, which is consistent with the results of adsorption tests.展开更多
To investigate the stability and interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system under surcharge effects,the finite difference method(FDM)was adopted to analyze the response laws of the stability of the reinfor...To investigate the stability and interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system under surcharge effects,the finite difference method(FDM)was adopted to analyze the response laws of the stability of the reinforced slope,evolution of the critical slip surface,stress characteristic of retaining structures,deformation and failure modes of the slope foundation and building footing under surcharge parameters,including the surcharge intensity,the surcharge position,and the surcharge width.The results show that surcharge parameters significantly affect the stability and the deformation characteristics of the slope-pile-footing system.Specifically speaking,with the increasing surcharge intensity and the decreasing surcharge position and width,the deformation and failure mode of the system will gradually evolve in a direction that is harmful to its stability.The interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system is further clarified as the load transfer of the building footing,the generation of the additional stress in the slope foundation,and the adjustment of pile bending moment due to the stress redistribution.Correspondingly,the safety of anti-slide piles will determine the stability of the slope foundation and building footing.These findings are expected to provide guidance for the comprehensive development and utilization of filled slopes after reinforcement.展开更多
A systematic analysis has been carried out to investigate the fields of application and interaction mechanism of polymeric carbohydrate, i.e. polysaccharides (including starch, dextrin, cellulose and cellulosic deriva...A systematic analysis has been carried out to investigate the fields of application and interaction mechanism of polymeric carbohydrate, i.e. polysaccharides (including starch, dextrin, cellulose and cellulosic derivatives) on various oxides and salt-type minerals in the article, interaction mechanisms of electrostatic, of hydrogen bonding, and of chemical interaction between polymeric carbohydrate and these minerals are put forward.展开更多
Semi-metal friction material was applied widely in brake process of traffic and dynamical system. The friction materials with rare earth additive were manufactured by heating press molding process. The effects of diff...Semi-metal friction material was applied widely in brake process of traffic and dynamical system. The friction materials with rare earth additive were manufactured by heating press molding process. The effects of different reinforcing fibers and adhesives on the properties of the materials were studied by changing the formula. The results showed that the friction materials with YSM resin adhesive and hybrid fibers (Kevlar pulp and steel fiber) had higher and more stable friction coefficient and lower wear rate. Semi-metal friction materials with rare earths formed iron-rich surface layer in the worn surface, and the mechanisms of wear had obvious differences at typical temperature ranges.展开更多
ESR measurements using spin trapping technique were carried out for β-carotene-halobenzene system under UV light irradiation.The ESR spectra observed in the presence and in the absence of β-carotene are markedly dif...ESR measurements using spin trapping technique were carried out for β-carotene-halobenzene system under UV light irradiation.The ESR spectra observed in the presence and in the absence of β-carotene are markedly different.The possible scheme of β-carotene interacting with halogen atom was proposed.展开更多
The electronic structure and bonding nature of adsorbing bonding complexes which consist of Amphoteric Collector-I and Mg^(2+), Ca^(2+), MgPO_4^-, CaPO_^-4, CaCO_3, as well aa MgCO_3, are studied using quantum chemist...The electronic structure and bonding nature of adsorbing bonding complexes which consist of Amphoteric Collector-I and Mg^(2+), Ca^(2+), MgPO_4^-, CaPO_^-4, CaCO_3, as well aa MgCO_3, are studied using quantum chemistry CNDO/2, It is predicted that magnesium salts are more liable to form adsorbing chelates with Amphoteric Collector-I than calcium salts, and all results coincide with that obtained in flotation.展开更多
In the actual complex environment,the recognition accuracy of crop leaf disease is often not high.Inspired by the brain parallel interaction mechanism,a two-stream parallel interactive convolutional neural network(TSP...In the actual complex environment,the recognition accuracy of crop leaf disease is often not high.Inspired by the brain parallel interaction mechanism,a two-stream parallel interactive convolutional neural network(TSPI-CNN)is proposed to improve the recognition accuracy.TSPI-CNN includes a two-stream parallel network(TSP-Net)and a parallel interactive network(PI-Net).TSP-Net simulates the ventral and dorsal stream.PI-Net simulates the interaction between two pathways in the process of human brain visual information transmission.A large number of experiments shows that the proposed TSPI-CNN performs well on MK-D2,PlantVillage,Apple-3 leaf,and Cassava leaf datasets.Furthermore,the effect of numbers of interactions on the recognition performance of TSPI-CNN is discussed.The experimental results show that as the number of interactions increases,the recognition accuracy of the network also increases.Finally,the network is visualized to show the working mechanism of the network and provide enlightenment for future research.展开更多
As the two most principal active substances in the corn silk,polysaccharides and flavonoids,the mechanism of interaction between them has been a topic of intense research.This study provides an in-depth investigation ...As the two most principal active substances in the corn silk,polysaccharides and flavonoids,the mechanism of interaction between them has been a topic of intense research.This study provides an in-depth investigation of the interaction mechanism between corn silk glycans and luteoloside(LUT)and the synergistic role that result from this interaction.The interaction mechanism was evaluated by isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)and circular dichroism(CD),and the synergistic role was evaluated by the expression of glucose transporters(GLUT-1),insulin secretion and surface plasmon resonance(SPR).CD and ITC results indicated that the interaction between CSGs and LUT mainly driven by the Cotton effects,enthalpy and entropy-driven.This interaction precipitated the formation of complexes(CSGs/LUT complexes)between corn silk glycans(CSGs)with four different molecular weights and luteoloside(LUT).Furthermore,the CSGs and LUT play a synergistic role in glucose regulation through GLUT-1 expression and insulin secretion experiments,compared to single luteoloside group.展开更多
The mass communication model and interactive ritual chain theory,which serve as communication paradigms in the new media era,facilitate and enhance the synergy between the fields of social history of medicine and heal...The mass communication model and interactive ritual chain theory,which serve as communication paradigms in the new media era,facilitate and enhance the synergy between the fields of social history of medicine and health communication.This study employs a comprehensive framework based on the five elements of the mass communication model:information source,communication subject,communication object,message content,and post-communication feedback.Additionally,it incorporates the interactive ritual chain theory to examine the evolving dynamics and developmental trajectory of research in the social history of medicine during the new media era.Conclusively,this paper acknowledges the existing interaction gaps in the interaction between health communication and the social history of medicine research while outlining the challenges for fostering collaboration and proposing strategic optimizations for effective integration.展开更多
Clarifying dam-reservoir-foundation interactions during reservoir impoundment is fundamental to dam safety assessment.However,the internal dynamics and spatiotemporal evolution of these interactions remain elusive due...Clarifying dam-reservoir-foundation interactions during reservoir impoundment is fundamental to dam safety assessment.However,the internal dynamics and spatiotemporal evolution of these interactions remain elusive due to multifactorial complexities.To investigate the interaction mechanism in the dam-reservoir-foundation system during impoundment,a feedback-driven dynamic double-displacement boundary method is developed based on observed large-scale irreversible translational deformation phenomena in reservoir banks,implemented within a nonlinear finite element framework.Subsequently,real-time dynamic numerical simulations of the Xiluodu Project incorporating actual impoundment schedules and dam construction sequences are conducted.The results show that the simulated and monitored deformation behaviors of the damreservoir-foundation system exhibit good agreement.Valley contraction is primarily driven by large-scale mountain translational deformation,while fluctuations in reservoir water level induced characteristic oscillations in the near-dam valley deformation curves.Reservoir water pressure causes foundation settlement,whereas sustained valley contraction induces foundation uplift.Dam crest displacement shows clear water-level dependency,and valley contraction caused abutment compression,which drives upstream-directed displacement of the arch dam.These two effects exhibit linear superposition behavior.This study provides critical insights for the safety assessment of high arch dams.展开更多
The authors regret the error in Fig.4.In the version of this article initially published,there was an error in Fig.4.Incorrect Fig.4c,d,4e and 4f do not match the image captions.The correct Fig.4 is displayed below.Th...The authors regret the error in Fig.4.In the version of this article initially published,there was an error in Fig.4.Incorrect Fig.4c,d,4e and 4f do not match the image captions.The correct Fig.4 is displayed below.The rest of the text remains the same,and the interpretation of the results remains unchanged.展开更多
The authors regret the error in Fig.4.In the version of this article initially published,there was an error in Fig.4.Incorrect Fig.4c,d,4e and 4f do not match the image captions.The correct Fig.4 is displayed below.Th...The authors regret the error in Fig.4.In the version of this article initially published,there was an error in Fig.4.Incorrect Fig.4c,d,4e and 4f do not match the image captions.The correct Fig.4 is displayed below.The rest of the text remains the same,and the interpretation of the results remains unchanged.展开更多
Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)have emerged as a transformative technology in biomedicine,driven by their exceptional optical,electronic,physicochemical,and biological properties.Their substantialπ-conjugated system,low ...Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)have emerged as a transformative technology in biomedicine,driven by their exceptional optical,electronic,physicochemical,and biological properties.Their substantialπ-conjugated system,low toxicity,biocompatibility,and tunable surface chemistries enable diverse functionalities,including adjustable fluorescence for biosensing and bioimaging,high drug loading capacity,effective cell membrane penetration for targeted delivery,andefficient radiation absorption for cancer therapeutics.Despite significant advancements,the interaction mechanisms of GQDs with biological systems remain inadequately explored,hindering their real-world clinical applications.This review summarizes the recent developments in GQD-based technologies,emphasizing the critical role of their interaction mechanisms in multifunctional applications,ranging from detection to therapy.It highlights innovative design strategies and the pivotal influence of GQD interactions with analytes,nucleic acids,and cellular components in enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of biosensors.Furthermore,it presents an in-depth analysis of their multifunctional roles and mechanisms in emerging applications like drug delivery,triple negative breast cancer treatment,and antimicrobial therapies.Particular attention is given to their synergistic role in combinational breast cancer therapies,where interactions with reactive oxygen species and photothermal agents amplify therapeutic efficacy.Finally,it addresses key challenges and proposes future research directions in this evolving field.展开更多
Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interacti...Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interaction dynamics between the cotton plant host and V.dahliae pathogen pose a crucial predicament for effectively managing cotton Verticillium wilt.Nevertheless,the most cost-effective approach to controlling this disease involves breeding and cul-tivating resistant cotton varieties,demanding a meticulous analysis of the mechanisms underlying cotton’s resistance to Verticillium wilt and the identification of pivotal genes.These aspects constitute focal points in disease-resistance breeding programs.In this review,we comprehensively discuss genetic inheritance associated with Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton,the advancements in molecular markers for disease resistance,the functional investiga-tion of resistance genes in cotton,the analysis of pathogenicity genes in V.dahliae,as well as the intricate interplay between cotton and this fungus.Moreover,we delve into the future prospects of cutting-edge research on cotton Verticillium wilt,aiming to proffer valuable insights for the effective management of this devastating fungus.展开更多
To maximize the profits of power grid operators(GOs),load aggregators(LAs)and electricity customers(ECs),this paper proposes a hierarchical demand response(HDR)framework that considers competing interaction based on m...To maximize the profits of power grid operators(GOs),load aggregators(LAs)and electricity customers(ECs),this paper proposes a hierarchical demand response(HDR)framework that considers competing interaction based on multiagent deep deterministic policy gradient(MaDDPG).The ECs are divided into conventional ECs and the electric vehicles(EVs)which are managed by ECs agent(ECA)and EV agent(EVA)to exploit the flexibility of the HDR framework.Thus,the HDR is a tri-layer model determined by five types of agents engaging in competing interaction to maximize their own profits.To address the limitations of mathematical expression and participation scale in the Stackelberg game within the HDR model,a dynamic interaction mechanism is adopted.Moreover,to tackle the HDR involving various entities,the MaDDPG develops multiple agents to simulation the dynamic competing interactions between each subject as well as solve the problem of continuous action control.Furthermore,MaDDPG adopts soft target update and priority experience replay method to ensure stable and effective training,and makes the exploration strategy comprehensive by using exploration noise.Simulation studies are conducted to verify the performance of the MaDDPG with dynamic interaction mechanism in dealing with multilayer multi-agent continuous action control,compared to the double deep Q network(DDQN),deep Q network(DQN)and dueling DQN.Additionally,comparisons among the proposed HDR with the price based DR(PBDR)and incentive based DR(IBDR)are analyzed to investigate the flexibility of the HDR.展开更多
基金National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2008BAE60B06)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(Z080003032208015)
文摘Barite/TiO2 composite particle(B/TCP)was prepared by coating TiO2 on the surfaces of barite particles through mechano-chemical method.The preparation parameters and pigment properties of B/TCP as well as the interaction mechanism between barite and TiO2 were studied.The results indicated that the mechanical co-grinding process and the proportion of TiO2 affected the properties of B/TCP significantly.B/TCP prepared under optimal conditions was similar to TiO2 in pigment properties.It was mainly the strong electrostatic attraction between barite and TiO2 in water that combined them firmly and then formed B/TCP.
文摘This review focuses on the occurrence and interactions of engineered nanoparticles(ENPs)and brominated flame retardants(BFRs)such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in water systems and the generation of highly complex compounds in the environment.The release of ENPs and BFRs(e.g.PBDEs)to aquatic environments during their usage and disposal are summarised together with their key interaction mechanisms.The major interaction mechanisms including electrostatic,van derWaals,hydrophobic,molecular bridging and steric,hydrogen andπ-bonding,cation bridging and ligand exchange were identified.The presence of ENPs could influence the fate and behaviour of PBDEs through the interactions as well as induced reactions under certain conditions which increases the formation of complex compounds.The interaction leads to alteration of behaviour for PBDEs and their toxic effects to ecological receptors.The intermingled compound(ENPs-BFRs)would show different behaviour from the parental ENPs or BFRs,which are currently lack of investigation.This review provided insights on the interactions of ENPs and BFRs in artificial,environmental water systems and wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),which are important for a comprehensive risk assessment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51374166, 51574189)the Natural Science Foundation Research Project of Shaanxi,China(No.2016JQ5041)the Shaanxi Province Department of Education Fund, China(No.16JK1450)
文摘The interaction mechanism between the combustion products of pulverized coal injected and coke in the raceway of blast furnace was studied through thermodynamic calculation and experiments.The results indicated that additives significantly affected the melting property of coal ash in high temperature zone.Although the unburnt char,raw coal ash,and catalyzed coal ash failed to wet the coke surface,the wettability of the catalyzed coal ash on the coke was greater than that of the raw coal ash.Since the unburnt char had weak reaction with the coke surface,it showed little influence on the surface morphology of the coke.The interaction between the raw coal ash and the coke gave rise to the increase in the pore size on the coke surface.However,the raw coal ash only affected the coke surface and the entrances of the pores owing to its poor fluidity.After being melted,the catalyzed coal ash was expected to immerge into the inside part of the coke and then react with the coke,resulting in an expansion and increase of coke cavities.The raw coal ash and the unburnt char reduced the coke reactivity,while the catalyzed coal ash improved the coke reactivity.Thereinto,the coal ash containing Fe2O3 exhibited a larger influence on the reactivity than that containing CaO.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21362004,21562013)Subsidy Project for Outstanding Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province in China(20154004)
文摘A series of novel chalcone derivatives that contain the 1,1-dichloropropene moiety was designed and synthesized. Bioactivity assays showed that most of the target compounds exhibited moderate to good antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus（TMV） at 500 mg/m L. Among the target compounds,compound 7h showed the highest in vivo inactivation activity against TMV with the EC50 and EC90value of 45.6 and 327.5 mg/m L, respectively, which was similar to that of Ningnanmycin（46.9 and 329.4 mg/m L）and superior to that of Ribavirin（145.1 and 793.1 mg/m L）. Meanwhile, the microscale thermophoresis and fluorescence spectroscopy experiments showed that the compound 7h had a strong interaction with the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein.
文摘Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and tuberculosis(TB) coinfection is a serious public health problem. HIV and TB promote each other, accelerating development of HIV to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) and heightening TB mortality. Determining interaction mechanism between HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis can lead to development of effective treatments. This study summarizes prevalence status of AIDS and TB coinfection and research advances concerning their interaction mechanism.
基金Project(2012zzts101)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Carboxylmethyl cellulose(CMC) has become a commercial organic binder in agglomeration of iron ore concentrates. The relative molecular mass and degree of substitution(DS) of CMC have a large impact on its binding performance. The interaction mechanism between CMC and iron ore particles was analyzed through Zeta potential measurements, adsorption measurements and infrared spectra. The results show that the interaction is chemical adsorption-oriented and the CMC's adsorption performance is related to the properties of CMC as well as the type of iron oxides. CMC has a greater affinity to Fe2O3 than Fe3O4, and CMC with higher relative molecular mass shows a higher adsorption isotherm. Pelletization of practical iron ore concentrates added with CMC further illustrates that CMC with higher relative molecular mass or DS exhibits a better binding performance, which is consistent with the results of adsorption tests.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFC1505302 and 2019YFC1509701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41977249 and 42090052)。
文摘To investigate the stability and interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system under surcharge effects,the finite difference method(FDM)was adopted to analyze the response laws of the stability of the reinforced slope,evolution of the critical slip surface,stress characteristic of retaining structures,deformation and failure modes of the slope foundation and building footing under surcharge parameters,including the surcharge intensity,the surcharge position,and the surcharge width.The results show that surcharge parameters significantly affect the stability and the deformation characteristics of the slope-pile-footing system.Specifically speaking,with the increasing surcharge intensity and the decreasing surcharge position and width,the deformation and failure mode of the system will gradually evolve in a direction that is harmful to its stability.The interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system is further clarified as the load transfer of the building footing,the generation of the additional stress in the slope foundation,and the adjustment of pile bending moment due to the stress redistribution.Correspondingly,the safety of anti-slide piles will determine the stability of the slope foundation and building footing.These findings are expected to provide guidance for the comprehensive development and utilization of filled slopes after reinforcement.
文摘A systematic analysis has been carried out to investigate the fields of application and interaction mechanism of polymeric carbohydrate, i.e. polysaccharides (including starch, dextrin, cellulose and cellulosic derivatives) on various oxides and salt-type minerals in the article, interaction mechanisms of electrostatic, of hydrogen bonding, and of chemical interaction between polymeric carbohydrate and these minerals are put forward.
文摘Semi-metal friction material was applied widely in brake process of traffic and dynamical system. The friction materials with rare earth additive were manufactured by heating press molding process. The effects of different reinforcing fibers and adhesives on the properties of the materials were studied by changing the formula. The results showed that the friction materials with YSM resin adhesive and hybrid fibers (Kevlar pulp and steel fiber) had higher and more stable friction coefficient and lower wear rate. Semi-metal friction materials with rare earths formed iron-rich surface layer in the worn surface, and the mechanisms of wear had obvious differences at typical temperature ranges.
文摘ESR measurements using spin trapping technique were carried out for β-carotene-halobenzene system under UV light irradiation.The ESR spectra observed in the presence and in the absence of β-carotene are markedly different.The possible scheme of β-carotene interacting with halogen atom was proposed.
文摘The electronic structure and bonding nature of adsorbing bonding complexes which consist of Amphoteric Collector-I and Mg^(2+), Ca^(2+), MgPO_4^-, CaPO_^-4, CaCO_3, as well aa MgCO_3, are studied using quantum chemistry CNDO/2, It is predicted that magnesium salts are more liable to form adsorbing chelates with Amphoteric Collector-I than calcium salts, and all results coincide with that obtained in flotation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61806051 and 61903078)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Nos.2232021A-10 and 2232021D-32)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.20ZR1400400)。
文摘In the actual complex environment,the recognition accuracy of crop leaf disease is often not high.Inspired by the brain parallel interaction mechanism,a two-stream parallel interactive convolutional neural network(TSPI-CNN)is proposed to improve the recognition accuracy.TSPI-CNN includes a two-stream parallel network(TSP-Net)and a parallel interactive network(PI-Net).TSP-Net simulates the ventral and dorsal stream.PI-Net simulates the interaction between two pathways in the process of human brain visual information transmission.A large number of experiments shows that the proposed TSPI-CNN performs well on MK-D2,PlantVillage,Apple-3 leaf,and Cassava leaf datasets.Furthermore,the effect of numbers of interactions on the recognition performance of TSPI-CNN is discussed.The experimental results show that as the number of interactions increases,the recognition accuracy of the network also increases.Finally,the network is visualized to show the working mechanism of the network and provide enlightenment for future research.
基金The Chinese Academy of Sciences:KFJ-BRP-007-019,the authors declare no competing interests.
文摘As the two most principal active substances in the corn silk,polysaccharides and flavonoids,the mechanism of interaction between them has been a topic of intense research.This study provides an in-depth investigation of the interaction mechanism between corn silk glycans and luteoloside(LUT)and the synergistic role that result from this interaction.The interaction mechanism was evaluated by isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)and circular dichroism(CD),and the synergistic role was evaluated by the expression of glucose transporters(GLUT-1),insulin secretion and surface plasmon resonance(SPR).CD and ITC results indicated that the interaction between CSGs and LUT mainly driven by the Cotton effects,enthalpy and entropy-driven.This interaction precipitated the formation of complexes(CSGs/LUT complexes)between corn silk glycans(CSGs)with four different molecular weights and luteoloside(LUT).Furthermore,the CSGs and LUT play a synergistic role in glucose regulation through GLUT-1 expression and insulin secretion experiments,compared to single luteoloside group.
基金University of Science and Technology of China Quality Project History of Medicine(2023YCZX02)Digital Museum Construction Project of Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention(BB2110240080)The National Key R&D project granted by the Ministry of Science and Technology(2018YFA0902400).
文摘The mass communication model and interactive ritual chain theory,which serve as communication paradigms in the new media era,facilitate and enhance the synergy between the fields of social history of medicine and health communication.This study employs a comprehensive framework based on the five elements of the mass communication model:information source,communication subject,communication object,message content,and post-communication feedback.Additionally,it incorporates the interactive ritual chain theory to examine the evolving dynamics and developmental trajectory of research in the social history of medicine during the new media era.Conclusively,this paper acknowledges the existing interaction gaps in the interaction between health communication and the social history of medicine research while outlining the challenges for fostering collaboration and proposing strategic optimizations for effective integration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52478371,51739006)the Zhejiang A&F University Scientific Research Development Fund(Grant No.2024LFR040)。
文摘Clarifying dam-reservoir-foundation interactions during reservoir impoundment is fundamental to dam safety assessment.However,the internal dynamics and spatiotemporal evolution of these interactions remain elusive due to multifactorial complexities.To investigate the interaction mechanism in the dam-reservoir-foundation system during impoundment,a feedback-driven dynamic double-displacement boundary method is developed based on observed large-scale irreversible translational deformation phenomena in reservoir banks,implemented within a nonlinear finite element framework.Subsequently,real-time dynamic numerical simulations of the Xiluodu Project incorporating actual impoundment schedules and dam construction sequences are conducted.The results show that the simulated and monitored deformation behaviors of the damreservoir-foundation system exhibit good agreement.Valley contraction is primarily driven by large-scale mountain translational deformation,while fluctuations in reservoir water level induced characteristic oscillations in the near-dam valley deformation curves.Reservoir water pressure causes foundation settlement,whereas sustained valley contraction induces foundation uplift.Dam crest displacement shows clear water-level dependency,and valley contraction caused abutment compression,which drives upstream-directed displacement of the arch dam.These two effects exhibit linear superposition behavior.This study provides critical insights for the safety assessment of high arch dams.
文摘The authors regret the error in Fig.4.In the version of this article initially published,there was an error in Fig.4.Incorrect Fig.4c,d,4e and 4f do not match the image captions.The correct Fig.4 is displayed below.The rest of the text remains the same,and the interpretation of the results remains unchanged.
文摘The authors regret the error in Fig.4.In the version of this article initially published,there was an error in Fig.4.Incorrect Fig.4c,d,4e and 4f do not match the image captions.The correct Fig.4 is displayed below.The rest of the text remains the same,and the interpretation of the results remains unchanged.
基金supported by the Applied Basic Research Program of Changzhou(Grant No.CJ20253068)the internal Grant of Jiangsu University of Technology(Grant No.KYY25046)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Research Fund for International Scientists(Grant No.52350410475)The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research and Innovation,Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research(IFKSUHCRA-4-1).
文摘Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)have emerged as a transformative technology in biomedicine,driven by their exceptional optical,electronic,physicochemical,and biological properties.Their substantialπ-conjugated system,low toxicity,biocompatibility,and tunable surface chemistries enable diverse functionalities,including adjustable fluorescence for biosensing and bioimaging,high drug loading capacity,effective cell membrane penetration for targeted delivery,andefficient radiation absorption for cancer therapeutics.Despite significant advancements,the interaction mechanisms of GQDs with biological systems remain inadequately explored,hindering their real-world clinical applications.This review summarizes the recent developments in GQD-based technologies,emphasizing the critical role of their interaction mechanisms in multifunctional applications,ranging from detection to therapy.It highlights innovative design strategies and the pivotal influence of GQD interactions with analytes,nucleic acids,and cellular components in enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of biosensors.Furthermore,it presents an in-depth analysis of their multifunctional roles and mechanisms in emerging applications like drug delivery,triple negative breast cancer treatment,and antimicrobial therapies.Particular attention is given to their synergistic role in combinational breast cancer therapies,where interactions with reactive oxygen species and photothermal agents amplify therapeutic efficacy.Finally,it addresses key challenges and proposes future research directions in this evolving field.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201752)Xinjiang Tianchi Talents Program (TCYC2023TP02)Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (2024DA001)
文摘Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interaction dynamics between the cotton plant host and V.dahliae pathogen pose a crucial predicament for effectively managing cotton Verticillium wilt.Nevertheless,the most cost-effective approach to controlling this disease involves breeding and cul-tivating resistant cotton varieties,demanding a meticulous analysis of the mechanisms underlying cotton’s resistance to Verticillium wilt and the identification of pivotal genes.These aspects constitute focal points in disease-resistance breeding programs.In this review,we comprehensively discuss genetic inheritance associated with Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton,the advancements in molecular markers for disease resistance,the functional investiga-tion of resistance genes in cotton,the analysis of pathogenicity genes in V.dahliae,as well as the intricate interplay between cotton and this fungus.Moreover,we delve into the future prospects of cutting-edge research on cotton Verticillium wilt,aiming to proffer valuable insights for the effective management of this devastating fungus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52477097)the GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515240014)the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology(Grant No.AET 2024KF005).
文摘To maximize the profits of power grid operators(GOs),load aggregators(LAs)and electricity customers(ECs),this paper proposes a hierarchical demand response(HDR)framework that considers competing interaction based on multiagent deep deterministic policy gradient(MaDDPG).The ECs are divided into conventional ECs and the electric vehicles(EVs)which are managed by ECs agent(ECA)and EV agent(EVA)to exploit the flexibility of the HDR framework.Thus,the HDR is a tri-layer model determined by five types of agents engaging in competing interaction to maximize their own profits.To address the limitations of mathematical expression and participation scale in the Stackelberg game within the HDR model,a dynamic interaction mechanism is adopted.Moreover,to tackle the HDR involving various entities,the MaDDPG develops multiple agents to simulation the dynamic competing interactions between each subject as well as solve the problem of continuous action control.Furthermore,MaDDPG adopts soft target update and priority experience replay method to ensure stable and effective training,and makes the exploration strategy comprehensive by using exploration noise.Simulation studies are conducted to verify the performance of the MaDDPG with dynamic interaction mechanism in dealing with multilayer multi-agent continuous action control,compared to the double deep Q network(DDQN),deep Q network(DQN)and dueling DQN.Additionally,comparisons among the proposed HDR with the price based DR(PBDR)and incentive based DR(IBDR)are analyzed to investigate the flexibility of the HDR.
