Key technologies that make productivity increase are revealed through analyzing the best practices and production data in major shale basins of North America.Trends of the key technologies and optimization designs for...Key technologies that make productivity increase are revealed through analyzing the best practices and production data in major shale basins of North America.Trends of the key technologies and optimization designs for shale oil and gas development are summarized and analyzed based on drilling and completion operations and well data.These technologies mainly include:(1)Optimizing well design and hydraulic fracturing design,including reducing cluster spacing,increasing proppant and fracturing fluid volumes,optimizing horizontal well lateral length and fracture stage length.The most effective method is to reduce cluster spacing to an optimized length.The second most effective method is to optimally increase proppant volumes.(2)Placing horizontal wells in the sweet spots and drilling the wells parallel or close to the minimum horizontal stress direction.(3)Using cube development with optimized well spacing to maximize resource recovery and reduce well interferences.Plus,in-situ stress impacts on hydraulic fracture propagation and hydrocarbon production are addressed.Determination of formation breakdown pressure is studied by considering the impacts of in-situ stresses,drilling and perforation directions.Whether or not the hydraulic fracturing can generate orthogonal fracture networks is also discussed.The key technologies and optimization design parameters proposed in this paper can be applied to guide new well placement,drilling and completion designs,and hydraulic fracture operations to increase productivity.展开更多
In the traditional blast furnace(BF)ironmaking process in China,a notable deviation exists between the theoretical and actual yield of hot metal,leading to unexpected iron loss and restricting the improvement of produ...In the traditional blast furnace(BF)ironmaking process in China,a notable deviation exists between the theoretical and actual yield of hot metal,leading to unexpected iron loss and restricting the improvement of production capacity,which cannot adapt to the increasingly intensified smelting rhythm.Focusing on a BF in a Chinese steel enterprise,a deep neural network algorithm was designed to model the impact of multiple parameters on actual yield of hot metal in a single BF smelting cycle,successfully accomplishing the theoretical computation and real-time prediction of yield of hot metal for subsequent,unknown BF smelting cycle.Test results show that the proposed algorithm demonstrates an impressive prediction accuracy of 86.7% within an error range of±10 t and can swiftly complete the training and convergence process in 32.5 s.By integrating prediction results with Nomogram,a regulatory mechanism was engineered to minimize the deviation between theoretical and actual yield of hot metal.This mechanism ensures the yield enhancement of hot metal through dynamic adjustments of BF operational parameters.Industrial-scale application experiments confirmed that the intelligent operation and optimization system,developed in the laboratory,can maintain the yield deviation of hot metal within a stable range of 30 t,achieving a maximum reduction in iron loss rate of 17.65%compared to that before system operation.The findings provide robust support for the yield increase and efficiency improvement of the experimental BF.展开更多
According to the characteristics of"structural elements"(framework grain,interstitial material and pore throat structure)of low-permeability sandstone reservoir,the"step by step dissolution and separati...According to the characteristics of"structural elements"(framework grain,interstitial material and pore throat structure)of low-permeability sandstone reservoir,the"step by step dissolution and separation"acidification and acid fracturing technology has been developed and tested in field.There are three main mechanisms affecting permeability of low-permeability sandstone reservoir:(1)The mud fillings between the framework grains block the seepage channels.(2)In the process of burial,the products from crystallization caused by changes in salinity and solubility and uneven migration and variation of the syn-sedimentary formation water occupy the pores and throat between grains.(3)Under the action of gradual increase of overburden pressure,the framework grains of the rock is compacted tighter,making the seepage channels turn narrower.The"step by step dissolution and separation"acidification(acid fracturing)technology uses sustained release acid as main acidizing fluid,supramolecular solvent instead of hydrochloric acid to dissolve carbonate,and a composite system of ammonium hydrogen fluoride,fluoroboric acid,and fluorophosphoric acid to dissolve silicate,and dissolving and implementing step by step,finally reaching the goal of increasing porosity and permeability.By using the technology,the main blocking interstitial material can be dissolved effectively and the dissolution residual can be removed from the rock frame,thus expanding the effective drainage radius and increasing production and injection of single well.This technology has been proved effective by field test.展开更多
In this paper,farming and crop cultivation effects of farming tools with"drill"which are invented independently in China are clarified firstly,containing horizontal cutting of soil,super deep ploughing,deep ...In this paper,farming and crop cultivation effects of farming tools with"drill"which are invented independently in China are clarified firstly,containing horizontal cutting of soil,super deep ploughing,deep loosening and not disturbing soil layer,granular soil,soil not easy to bond and harden,and one-time land preparation.It is a significant path to deeply develop and use the"five natural resources"not fully utilized by human beings(soil resources at plough bottom and below,saline-alkali land,natural rainfall,solar energy,oxygen)and realize"mitigation"of five natural disasters(flood,drought,high temperature,low temperature and climate warming).In the past 10 years,the farming tools have been applied in 40 kinds of crops in 26 provinces of China.Compared with vertical breaking of soil by traditional"plow",the amount of loose soil,water storage and dissolved oxygen in cultivated land increased by more than one time,and yield increased by 10%-50%.They have been applied in transformation of saline-alkali land in 10 provinces,and yield increased by 30%-150%.After Fenlong treatment for 1 and 2 years,biomass of sugarcane increased by 68.9%and 50.1%respectively.Net photosynthetic rates of Gramineous crops were improved by 6.82%-11.94%,while net photosynthetic rates of Legume crops were improved by 20.32%-32.08%.After"spiral drill","vertical two-knife drill","vertical three-knife drill"and other hollow series of Fenlong farming toolss were invented newly.They were the most advanced farming tools with large soil discharge and small resistance,and could be equipped in large-,medium-and small-size modern Fenlong agricultural machinery as key technology,thereby setting up a new"standard stalk"for world agricultural reform and bringing benefit to mankind.展开更多
This paper presents a new viewpoint for Japanese enterprises in Chinese market development by analyzing in particular the risk and chance in the Chinese market, and searching the new cooperation way between enterprise...This paper presents a new viewpoint for Japanese enterprises in Chinese market development by analyzing in particular the risk and chance in the Chinese market, and searching the new cooperation way between enterprises of Japan and China. The production cost is uprising along with the increase of personnel expense, and the competitiveness of export decreases more with high RMB in recent China. In particular, the production of the labor concentration type product like apparel and miscellaneous goods are transferred to as South East Asia and Africa with lower labor cost. But, a crisis always has both sides of risk and chance. Competitive as production base for export is subverting, China as a huge developing market, is still very attractive. China as world factory has become world market. The consumption market of middle class is growing rapidly following upper class. The productivity up and industrial sophistication are urgent tasks for China, deprived of its competition predominance as cheap workforce. Industrialization is achieved in China, on the other hand, people＇s indignation is enhancing by pollution of air, soil and water. Under the pressure of environment pollution and increasing costs, Chinese companies have strong desire for the introduction of both energy saving technology and equipment and their know-hows of energy-saving and productivity increasing fi＇om the Japanese companies. The introduction of Japanese excellent energy-saving technique ＆ equipment, know-how of productivity increasing to China will be big business opportunity for Japanese company.展开更多
X oilfield is an offshore strong bottom water reservoir with water cut up to 96% at present, and liquid extraction has become one of the main ways to increase oil production. However, the current liquid production of ...X oilfield is an offshore strong bottom water reservoir with water cut up to 96% at present, and liquid extraction has become one of the main ways to increase oil production. However, the current liquid production of the oilfield reaches 60,000 m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/d due to the limitation of offshore platform, well trough and equipment, the oilfield is unable to continue liquid extraction. In order to maximize the oil production of the oilfield, it is necessary to study the strategy of shut in and cone pressure. Through numerical simulation, this paper analyzes the influence of different factors, such as crude oil density, viscosity, reservoir thickness, interlayer, permeability and so on, on the drop height of water cone and the effect of precipitation and oil increase after well shut in. At the same time, the weight of each factor is analyzed by combining the actual dynamic data with the fuzzy mathematics method, and the strategy of well shut in and cone pressure is formulated for the offshore strong bottom water reservoir. It provides the basis and guidance for the reasonable use of shut in pressure cone when the reservoir with strong bottom water meets the bottleneck of liquid volume.展开更多
Agricultural input and output status in southern Xinjiang,China is introduced,such as lack of agricultural input,low level of agricultural modernization,excessive fertilizer use,serious damage of environment,shortage ...Agricultural input and output status in southern Xinjiang,China is introduced,such as lack of agricultural input,low level of agricultural modernization,excessive fertilizer use,serious damage of environment,shortage of water resources,tremendous pressure on ecological balance,insignificant economic and social benefits of agricultural production in southern Xinjiang,agriculture remaining a weak industry,agricultural economy as the economic subject of southern Xinjiang,and backward economic development of southern Xinjiang.Taking the Aksu area as an example,according to the input and output data in the years 2002-2007,input-output model about regional agriculture of the southern Xinjiang is established by principal component analysis.DPS software is used in the process of solving the model.Then,Eviews software is adopted to revise and test the model in order to analyze and evaluate the economic significance of the results obtained,and to make additional explanations of the relevant model.Since the agricultural economic output is seriously restricted in southern Xinjiang at present,the following countermeasures are put forward,such as adjusting the structure of agricultural land,improving the utilization ratio of land,increasing agricultural input,realizing agricultural modernization,rationally utilizing water resources,maintaining eco-environmental balance,enhancing the awareness of agricultural insurance,minimizing the risk and loss,taking the road of industrialization of characteristic agricultural products,and realizing the transfer of surplus labor force.展开更多
Since the 19th National Congress of the CPC,Tibet's agricultural economy has undergone earth-shaking changes.In order to further accelerate the development of agricultural economy,the national and regional governm...Since the 19th National Congress of the CPC,Tibet's agricultural economy has undergone earth-shaking changes.In order to further accelerate the development of agricultural economy,the national and regional governments have given sufficient policy and financial support to correctly guide the development direction of agricultural production development,constantly improve the regional efficiency of agricultural production,promote the economy with agriculture,and achieve a win-win situation.Taking the cultivation of The highland barley in Tibet as an example,the highland barley,as the main food crop and economic income of the people in the plateau area,the highland barley has high nutritional value and medicinal value.It has always been an important task for the local government to actively research and develop high-quality and high-yield highland barley cultivation technology.Because the region is located in the plateau,with weak economic foundation,lagging agricultural information and insufficient production resources,many problems occur in the promotion of highland barley varieties,such as insufficient field management technology and delayed pest prevention,resulting in the increase of highland barley production has not reached the expected target.Based on this,this paper will focus on the application of Tibetan highland barley planting and production technology,in order to promote the healthy development of China's plateau agricultural economy.展开更多
Zipper hydraulic fracturing in multiple wells with long horizontal sections is a primary solution means to increase the shale gas production rate and efficiency and to reduce the cost in Southern Sichuan Basin.Microse...Zipper hydraulic fracturing in multiple wells with long horizontal sections is a primary solution means to increase the shale gas production rate and efficiency and to reduce the cost in Southern Sichuan Basin.Microseismic based fracturing monitoring can be used for real-time imaging of hydraulic fractures,so it has been widely used to evaluate the fracturing effect of shale gas reservoirs and to direct the optimiza-tion and adjustment of fracturing parameters.In China,however,the microseismic fracturing monitoring on fracturing of shale gas reservoirs cannot be used to evaluate the fracturing results until the fracturing operation in the pad wells is completed according to the parameters which are designed prior to the fracturing monitoring.Its evaluation results can merely provide a guidance for the fracturing parameters of the next pad wells instead of the wells in operation.As a result,the real-time effect of microseismic fracturing monitoring is out of work.In view of this,the fractures induced by zipper hydraulic fracturing in multiple shale gas wells with long horizontal sections in the southern Sichuan Basin,was real-time imaged by using the combined technology of radially arranged microseismic surface monitoring and microseismic well monitoring on the basis of real-time positioning method.The fracturing results were assessed and used in real time for the optimization of prepad fluid parameter,perforation and temporary plugging additive releasing time,so as to effectively avoid repeated fracturing and uneven fracturing effects and improve fracturing stimulation effects.This method is applied in two well groups.It is shown that the average shale gas production rate is increased by 2e5 times.Furthermore,microseismic fracturing real-time monitoring plays a vital role in real-time evaluation of fracturing effect and real-time optimization of fracturing parameters,so it can be used as the reference and should be popularized further.展开更多
Zhejiang’s machine-building industryhas made sustained efforts to increase itsexports through the combination ofindustry and trade. In the past decade,Zhejiang’s export volume of mechanicaland electrical products ha...Zhejiang’s machine-building industryhas made sustained efforts to increase itsexports through the combination ofindustry and trade. In the past decade,Zhejiang’s export volume of mechanicaland electrical products has increased over 10times, becoming the leading exports fromthe province. Zhejiang has thereforebecome an important province exportingmachinery in China.展开更多
According to a Guangxi Daily report on February 26,enterprises in Guangxi cut their electricity costs by RMB 24.40 million in the first half of 2017 at a price RMB 0.027 lower per kilowatt hour for directly-purchased ...According to a Guangxi Daily report on February 26,enterprises in Guangxi cut their electricity costs by RMB 24.40 million in the first half of 2017 at a price RMB 0.027 lower per kilowatt hour for directly-purchased electricity and cut their electricity costs by more than RMB 47.60 million in the second half of 2017 at a price RMB 0.133 lower展开更多
文摘Key technologies that make productivity increase are revealed through analyzing the best practices and production data in major shale basins of North America.Trends of the key technologies and optimization designs for shale oil and gas development are summarized and analyzed based on drilling and completion operations and well data.These technologies mainly include:(1)Optimizing well design and hydraulic fracturing design,including reducing cluster spacing,increasing proppant and fracturing fluid volumes,optimizing horizontal well lateral length and fracture stage length.The most effective method is to reduce cluster spacing to an optimized length.The second most effective method is to optimally increase proppant volumes.(2)Placing horizontal wells in the sweet spots and drilling the wells parallel or close to the minimum horizontal stress direction.(3)Using cube development with optimized well spacing to maximize resource recovery and reduce well interferences.Plus,in-situ stress impacts on hydraulic fracture propagation and hydrocarbon production are addressed.Determination of formation breakdown pressure is studied by considering the impacts of in-situ stresses,drilling and perforation directions.Whether or not the hydraulic fracturing can generate orthogonal fracture networks is also discussed.The key technologies and optimization design parameters proposed in this paper can be applied to guide new well placement,drilling and completion designs,and hydraulic fracture operations to increase productivity.
基金the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52004096)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2024209101)+2 种基金Hebei Province Science and Technology R&D Platform Construction Project(23560301D)Tangshan Science and Technology Bureau Project(23130202E)Graduate Student Innovation Fund of North China University of Science and Technology(CXZZBS2025150).
文摘In the traditional blast furnace(BF)ironmaking process in China,a notable deviation exists between the theoretical and actual yield of hot metal,leading to unexpected iron loss and restricting the improvement of production capacity,which cannot adapt to the increasingly intensified smelting rhythm.Focusing on a BF in a Chinese steel enterprise,a deep neural network algorithm was designed to model the impact of multiple parameters on actual yield of hot metal in a single BF smelting cycle,successfully accomplishing the theoretical computation and real-time prediction of yield of hot metal for subsequent,unknown BF smelting cycle.Test results show that the proposed algorithm demonstrates an impressive prediction accuracy of 86.7% within an error range of±10 t and can swiftly complete the training and convergence process in 32.5 s.By integrating prediction results with Nomogram,a regulatory mechanism was engineered to minimize the deviation between theoretical and actual yield of hot metal.This mechanism ensures the yield enhancement of hot metal through dynamic adjustments of BF operational parameters.Industrial-scale application experiments confirmed that the intelligent operation and optimization system,developed in the laboratory,can maintain the yield deviation of hot metal within a stable range of 30 t,achieving a maximum reduction in iron loss rate of 17.65%compared to that before system operation.The findings provide robust support for the yield increase and efficiency improvement of the experimental BF.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX05049-004)
文摘According to the characteristics of"structural elements"(framework grain,interstitial material and pore throat structure)of low-permeability sandstone reservoir,the"step by step dissolution and separation"acidification and acid fracturing technology has been developed and tested in field.There are three main mechanisms affecting permeability of low-permeability sandstone reservoir:(1)The mud fillings between the framework grains block the seepage channels.(2)In the process of burial,the products from crystallization caused by changes in salinity and solubility and uneven migration and variation of the syn-sedimentary formation water occupy the pores and throat between grains.(3)Under the action of gradual increase of overburden pressure,the framework grains of the rock is compacted tighter,making the seepage channels turn narrower.The"step by step dissolution and separation"acidification(acid fracturing)technology uses sustained release acid as main acidizing fluid,supramolecular solvent instead of hydrochloric acid to dissolve carbonate,and a composite system of ammonium hydrogen fluoride,fluoroboric acid,and fluorophosphoric acid to dissolve silicate,and dissolving and implementing step by step,finally reaching the goal of increasing porosity and permeability.By using the technology,the main blocking interstitial material can be dissolved effectively and the dissolution residual can be removed from the rock frame,thus expanding the effective drainage radius and increasing production and injection of single well.This technology has been proved effective by field test.
基金Special Fund Project of Guangxi Innovation Driven Development(Guike AA17204037)Major Science and Technology Projects in Guangxi(Guike AA16380017)Team Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2015YT60).
文摘In this paper,farming and crop cultivation effects of farming tools with"drill"which are invented independently in China are clarified firstly,containing horizontal cutting of soil,super deep ploughing,deep loosening and not disturbing soil layer,granular soil,soil not easy to bond and harden,and one-time land preparation.It is a significant path to deeply develop and use the"five natural resources"not fully utilized by human beings(soil resources at plough bottom and below,saline-alkali land,natural rainfall,solar energy,oxygen)and realize"mitigation"of five natural disasters(flood,drought,high temperature,low temperature and climate warming).In the past 10 years,the farming tools have been applied in 40 kinds of crops in 26 provinces of China.Compared with vertical breaking of soil by traditional"plow",the amount of loose soil,water storage and dissolved oxygen in cultivated land increased by more than one time,and yield increased by 10%-50%.They have been applied in transformation of saline-alkali land in 10 provinces,and yield increased by 30%-150%.After Fenlong treatment for 1 and 2 years,biomass of sugarcane increased by 68.9%and 50.1%respectively.Net photosynthetic rates of Gramineous crops were improved by 6.82%-11.94%,while net photosynthetic rates of Legume crops were improved by 20.32%-32.08%.After"spiral drill","vertical two-knife drill","vertical three-knife drill"and other hollow series of Fenlong farming toolss were invented newly.They were the most advanced farming tools with large soil discharge and small resistance,and could be equipped in large-,medium-and small-size modern Fenlong agricultural machinery as key technology,thereby setting up a new"standard stalk"for world agricultural reform and bringing benefit to mankind.
文摘This paper presents a new viewpoint for Japanese enterprises in Chinese market development by analyzing in particular the risk and chance in the Chinese market, and searching the new cooperation way between enterprises of Japan and China. The production cost is uprising along with the increase of personnel expense, and the competitiveness of export decreases more with high RMB in recent China. In particular, the production of the labor concentration type product like apparel and miscellaneous goods are transferred to as South East Asia and Africa with lower labor cost. But, a crisis always has both sides of risk and chance. Competitive as production base for export is subverting, China as a huge developing market, is still very attractive. China as world factory has become world market. The consumption market of middle class is growing rapidly following upper class. The productivity up and industrial sophistication are urgent tasks for China, deprived of its competition predominance as cheap workforce. Industrialization is achieved in China, on the other hand, people＇s indignation is enhancing by pollution of air, soil and water. Under the pressure of environment pollution and increasing costs, Chinese companies have strong desire for the introduction of both energy saving technology and equipment and their know-hows of energy-saving and productivity increasing fi＇om the Japanese companies. The introduction of Japanese excellent energy-saving technique ＆ equipment, know-how of productivity increasing to China will be big business opportunity for Japanese company.
文摘X oilfield is an offshore strong bottom water reservoir with water cut up to 96% at present, and liquid extraction has become one of the main ways to increase oil production. However, the current liquid production of the oilfield reaches 60,000 m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/d due to the limitation of offshore platform, well trough and equipment, the oilfield is unable to continue liquid extraction. In order to maximize the oil production of the oilfield, it is necessary to study the strategy of shut in and cone pressure. Through numerical simulation, this paper analyzes the influence of different factors, such as crude oil density, viscosity, reservoir thickness, interlayer, permeability and so on, on the drop height of water cone and the effect of precipitation and oil increase after well shut in. At the same time, the weight of each factor is analyzed by combining the actual dynamic data with the fuzzy mathematics method, and the strategy of well shut in and cone pressure is formulated for the offshore strong bottom water reservoir. It provides the basis and guidance for the reasonable use of shut in pressure cone when the reservoir with strong bottom water meets the bottleneck of liquid volume.
基金Supported by the Key Research Subject of Economic Census of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(201004)the President Fund for Natural Science Project of Tarim University(TDZKSS09010)+1 种基金the Quality Project of Tarim University(TDZGKC09085)the Quality Project of Tarim University(TDZGTD09004)
文摘Agricultural input and output status in southern Xinjiang,China is introduced,such as lack of agricultural input,low level of agricultural modernization,excessive fertilizer use,serious damage of environment,shortage of water resources,tremendous pressure on ecological balance,insignificant economic and social benefits of agricultural production in southern Xinjiang,agriculture remaining a weak industry,agricultural economy as the economic subject of southern Xinjiang,and backward economic development of southern Xinjiang.Taking the Aksu area as an example,according to the input and output data in the years 2002-2007,input-output model about regional agriculture of the southern Xinjiang is established by principal component analysis.DPS software is used in the process of solving the model.Then,Eviews software is adopted to revise and test the model in order to analyze and evaluate the economic significance of the results obtained,and to make additional explanations of the relevant model.Since the agricultural economic output is seriously restricted in southern Xinjiang at present,the following countermeasures are put forward,such as adjusting the structure of agricultural land,improving the utilization ratio of land,increasing agricultural input,realizing agricultural modernization,rationally utilizing water resources,maintaining eco-environmental balance,enhancing the awareness of agricultural insurance,minimizing the risk and loss,taking the road of industrialization of characteristic agricultural products,and realizing the transfer of surplus labor force.
文摘Since the 19th National Congress of the CPC,Tibet's agricultural economy has undergone earth-shaking changes.In order to further accelerate the development of agricultural economy,the national and regional governments have given sufficient policy and financial support to correctly guide the development direction of agricultural production development,constantly improve the regional efficiency of agricultural production,promote the economy with agriculture,and achieve a win-win situation.Taking the cultivation of The highland barley in Tibet as an example,the highland barley,as the main food crop and economic income of the people in the plateau area,the highland barley has high nutritional value and medicinal value.It has always been an important task for the local government to actively research and develop high-quality and high-yield highland barley cultivation technology.Because the region is located in the plateau,with weak economic foundation,lagging agricultural information and insufficient production resources,many problems occur in the promotion of highland barley varieties,such as insufficient field management technology and delayed pest prevention,resulting in the increase of highland barley production has not reached the expected target.Based on this,this paper will focus on the application of Tibetan highland barley planting and production technology,in order to promote the healthy development of China's plateau agricultural economy.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project“Real-time hydraulic fracturing monitoring and integrated geologic-engineering evaluation”(Grant No.2016ZX05023004).
文摘Zipper hydraulic fracturing in multiple wells with long horizontal sections is a primary solution means to increase the shale gas production rate and efficiency and to reduce the cost in Southern Sichuan Basin.Microseismic based fracturing monitoring can be used for real-time imaging of hydraulic fractures,so it has been widely used to evaluate the fracturing effect of shale gas reservoirs and to direct the optimiza-tion and adjustment of fracturing parameters.In China,however,the microseismic fracturing monitoring on fracturing of shale gas reservoirs cannot be used to evaluate the fracturing results until the fracturing operation in the pad wells is completed according to the parameters which are designed prior to the fracturing monitoring.Its evaluation results can merely provide a guidance for the fracturing parameters of the next pad wells instead of the wells in operation.As a result,the real-time effect of microseismic fracturing monitoring is out of work.In view of this,the fractures induced by zipper hydraulic fracturing in multiple shale gas wells with long horizontal sections in the southern Sichuan Basin,was real-time imaged by using the combined technology of radially arranged microseismic surface monitoring and microseismic well monitoring on the basis of real-time positioning method.The fracturing results were assessed and used in real time for the optimization of prepad fluid parameter,perforation and temporary plugging additive releasing time,so as to effectively avoid repeated fracturing and uneven fracturing effects and improve fracturing stimulation effects.This method is applied in two well groups.It is shown that the average shale gas production rate is increased by 2e5 times.Furthermore,microseismic fracturing real-time monitoring plays a vital role in real-time evaluation of fracturing effect and real-time optimization of fracturing parameters,so it can be used as the reference and should be popularized further.
文摘Zhejiang’s machine-building industryhas made sustained efforts to increase itsexports through the combination ofindustry and trade. In the past decade,Zhejiang’s export volume of mechanicaland electrical products has increased over 10times, becoming the leading exports fromthe province. Zhejiang has thereforebecome an important province exportingmachinery in China.
文摘According to a Guangxi Daily report on February 26,enterprises in Guangxi cut their electricity costs by RMB 24.40 million in the first half of 2017 at a price RMB 0.027 lower per kilowatt hour for directly-purchased electricity and cut their electricity costs by more than RMB 47.60 million in the second half of 2017 at a price RMB 0.133 lower
