Rice is one of the most important staple crops globally.Rice plant diseases can severely reduce crop yields and,in extreme cases,lead to total production loss.Early diagnosis enables timely intervention,mitigates dise...Rice is one of the most important staple crops globally.Rice plant diseases can severely reduce crop yields and,in extreme cases,lead to total production loss.Early diagnosis enables timely intervention,mitigates disease severity,supports effective treatment strategies,and reduces reliance on excessive pesticide use.Traditional machine learning approaches have been applied for automated rice disease diagnosis;however,these methods depend heavily on manual image preprocessing and handcrafted feature extraction,which are labor-intensive and time-consuming and often require domain expertise.Recently,end-to-end deep learning(DL) models have been introduced for this task,but they often lack robustness and generalizability across diverse datasets.To address these limitations,we propose a novel end-toend training framework for convolutional neural network(CNN) and attention-based model ensembles(E2ETCA).This framework integrates features from two state-of-the-art(SOTA) CNN models,Inception V3 and DenseNet-201,and an attention-based vision transformer(ViT) model.The fused features are passed through an additional fully connected layer with softmax activation for final classification.The entire process is trained end-to-end,enhancing its suitability for realworld deployment.Furthermore,we extract and analyze the learned features using a support vector machine(SVM),a traditional machine learning classifier,to provide comparative insights.We evaluate the proposed E2ETCA framework on three publicly available datasets,the Mendeley Rice Leaf Disease Image Samples dataset,the Kaggle Rice Diseases Image dataset,the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute dataset,and a combined version of all three.Using standard evaluation metrics(accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score),our framework demonstrates superior performance compared to existing SOTA methods in rice disease diagnosis,with potential applicability to other agricultural disease detection tasks.展开更多
针对菌落图像中小菌落易漏检的问题,提出了一种基于INC4-YOLO(you only look once)的计数方法,实现精准的菌落计数。采用带残差结构的Inception模块(Inception module with residual connection,IncRes)替换YOLOv5骨干网络中的Bottlenec...针对菌落图像中小菌落易漏检的问题,提出了一种基于INC4-YOLO(you only look once)的计数方法,实现精准的菌落计数。采用带残差结构的Inception模块(Inception module with residual connection,IncRes)替换YOLOv5骨干网络中的Bottleneck模块,以增强图像特征提取能力。从网络的浅层特征中引出一个小目标检测头,以增强算法在训练过程中对小菌落的注意力。分别在标注微生物自动识别数据集(annotated germs for automated recognition,AGAR)和真实菌落计数场景下对INC4-YOLO进行计数性能测试。实验结果表明,在AGAR测试集中,提出的算法在小菌落的平均百分比绝对值计数误差(mean absolute percentage error,MAPE)比其他先进目标检测算法降低了2%;真实菌落计数场景下,INC4-YOLO的MAPE相比YOLOv5降低了7%,表明该算法可帮助菌落计数设备实现精准计数。展开更多
Security and safety remain paramount concerns for both governments and individuals worldwide.In today’s context,the frequency of crimes and terrorist attacks is alarmingly increasing,becoming increasingly intolerable...Security and safety remain paramount concerns for both governments and individuals worldwide.In today’s context,the frequency of crimes and terrorist attacks is alarmingly increasing,becoming increasingly intolerable to society.Consequently,there is a pressing need for swift identification of potential threats to preemptively alert law enforcement and security forces,thereby preventing potential attacks or violent incidents.Recent advancements in big data analytics and deep learning have significantly enhanced the capabilities of computer vision in object detection,particularly in identifying firearms.This paper introduces a novel automatic firearm detection surveillance system,utilizing a one-stage detection approach named MARIE(Mechanism for Realtime Identification of Firearms).MARIE incorporates the Single Shot Multibox Detector(SSD)model,which has been specifically optimized to balance the speed-accuracy trade-off critical in firearm detection applications.The SSD model was further refined by integrating MobileNetV2 and InceptionV2 architectures for superior feature extraction capabilities.The experimental results demonstrate that this modified SSD configuration provides highly satisfactory performance,surpassing existing methods trained on the same dataset in terms of the critical speedaccuracy trade-off.Through these innovations,MARIE sets a new standard in surveillance technology,offering a robust solution to enhance public safety effectively.展开更多
随着深度学习技术的日益精进,它在植物病害识别领域的应用研究日趋深入,而优化AlexNet模型能有效提升桑叶病害识别的性能。因此,选用AlexNet作为基础网络,针对AlexNet的主干网络和多尺度特征融合策略进行改进,并提出一个新型的网络架构...随着深度学习技术的日益精进,它在植物病害识别领域的应用研究日趋深入,而优化AlexNet模型能有效提升桑叶病害识别的性能。因此,选用AlexNet作为基础网络,针对AlexNet的主干网络和多尺度特征融合策略进行改进,并提出一个新型的网络架构——IP-AlexNet模型。首先,在卷积层之后,引入Inception模块,以捕获桑叶病害图像的多样化特征,并通过减少卷积核降低网络计算的复杂度;其次,利用金字塔卷积进行多尺度特征融合,以增强模型的准确性和鲁棒性;再次,加入SE(Squeeze and Excitation)注意力机制,使模型能够聚焦于图像中的关键区域或特征,从而提高识别的精确度和效率;最后,使用自适应平均池化替换传统的最大池化以生成更平滑的特征图,从而减少图像特征信息的损失。实验结果表明,IP-AlexNet模型在桑叶病害识别方面取得了较好的效果,识别准确率高达95.33%,较AlexNet模型提升了9.66个百分点。另外,精准率、召回率、F1值和混淆矩阵等多元评价指标的综合分析表明,IP-AlexNet模型具有很好的鲁棒性和稳定性。展开更多
基金the Begum Rokeya University,Rangpur,and the United Arab Emirates University,UAE for partially supporting this work。
文摘Rice is one of the most important staple crops globally.Rice plant diseases can severely reduce crop yields and,in extreme cases,lead to total production loss.Early diagnosis enables timely intervention,mitigates disease severity,supports effective treatment strategies,and reduces reliance on excessive pesticide use.Traditional machine learning approaches have been applied for automated rice disease diagnosis;however,these methods depend heavily on manual image preprocessing and handcrafted feature extraction,which are labor-intensive and time-consuming and often require domain expertise.Recently,end-to-end deep learning(DL) models have been introduced for this task,but they often lack robustness and generalizability across diverse datasets.To address these limitations,we propose a novel end-toend training framework for convolutional neural network(CNN) and attention-based model ensembles(E2ETCA).This framework integrates features from two state-of-the-art(SOTA) CNN models,Inception V3 and DenseNet-201,and an attention-based vision transformer(ViT) model.The fused features are passed through an additional fully connected layer with softmax activation for final classification.The entire process is trained end-to-end,enhancing its suitability for realworld deployment.Furthermore,we extract and analyze the learned features using a support vector machine(SVM),a traditional machine learning classifier,to provide comparative insights.We evaluate the proposed E2ETCA framework on three publicly available datasets,the Mendeley Rice Leaf Disease Image Samples dataset,the Kaggle Rice Diseases Image dataset,the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute dataset,and a combined version of all three.Using standard evaluation metrics(accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score),our framework demonstrates superior performance compared to existing SOTA methods in rice disease diagnosis,with potential applicability to other agricultural disease detection tasks.
文摘针对菌落图像中小菌落易漏检的问题,提出了一种基于INC4-YOLO(you only look once)的计数方法,实现精准的菌落计数。采用带残差结构的Inception模块(Inception module with residual connection,IncRes)替换YOLOv5骨干网络中的Bottleneck模块,以增强图像特征提取能力。从网络的浅层特征中引出一个小目标检测头,以增强算法在训练过程中对小菌落的注意力。分别在标注微生物自动识别数据集(annotated germs for automated recognition,AGAR)和真实菌落计数场景下对INC4-YOLO进行计数性能测试。实验结果表明,在AGAR测试集中,提出的算法在小菌落的平均百分比绝对值计数误差(mean absolute percentage error,MAPE)比其他先进目标检测算法降低了2%;真实菌落计数场景下,INC4-YOLO的MAPE相比YOLOv5降低了7%,表明该算法可帮助菌落计数设备实现精准计数。
文摘Security and safety remain paramount concerns for both governments and individuals worldwide.In today’s context,the frequency of crimes and terrorist attacks is alarmingly increasing,becoming increasingly intolerable to society.Consequently,there is a pressing need for swift identification of potential threats to preemptively alert law enforcement and security forces,thereby preventing potential attacks or violent incidents.Recent advancements in big data analytics and deep learning have significantly enhanced the capabilities of computer vision in object detection,particularly in identifying firearms.This paper introduces a novel automatic firearm detection surveillance system,utilizing a one-stage detection approach named MARIE(Mechanism for Realtime Identification of Firearms).MARIE incorporates the Single Shot Multibox Detector(SSD)model,which has been specifically optimized to balance the speed-accuracy trade-off critical in firearm detection applications.The SSD model was further refined by integrating MobileNetV2 and InceptionV2 architectures for superior feature extraction capabilities.The experimental results demonstrate that this modified SSD configuration provides highly satisfactory performance,surpassing existing methods trained on the same dataset in terms of the critical speedaccuracy trade-off.Through these innovations,MARIE sets a new standard in surveillance technology,offering a robust solution to enhance public safety effectively.
文摘随着深度学习技术的日益精进,它在植物病害识别领域的应用研究日趋深入,而优化AlexNet模型能有效提升桑叶病害识别的性能。因此,选用AlexNet作为基础网络,针对AlexNet的主干网络和多尺度特征融合策略进行改进,并提出一个新型的网络架构——IP-AlexNet模型。首先,在卷积层之后,引入Inception模块,以捕获桑叶病害图像的多样化特征,并通过减少卷积核降低网络计算的复杂度;其次,利用金字塔卷积进行多尺度特征融合,以增强模型的准确性和鲁棒性;再次,加入SE(Squeeze and Excitation)注意力机制,使模型能够聚焦于图像中的关键区域或特征,从而提高识别的精确度和效率;最后,使用自适应平均池化替换传统的最大池化以生成更平滑的特征图,从而减少图像特征信息的损失。实验结果表明,IP-AlexNet模型在桑叶病害识别方面取得了较好的效果,识别准确率高达95.33%,较AlexNet模型提升了9.66个百分点。另外,精准率、召回率、F1值和混淆矩阵等多元评价指标的综合分析表明,IP-AlexNet模型具有很好的鲁棒性和稳定性。
