The Antarctic Tianmu Staring Observation Project(ATSOP)entails the deployment of 30 small-aperture,wide-field optical telescopes in the Antarctic region.The system will perform long-term continuous observation campaig...The Antarctic Tianmu Staring Observation Project(ATSOP)entails the deployment of 30 small-aperture,wide-field optical telescopes in the Antarctic region.The system will perform long-term continuous observation campaigns over a period of 100 d(24 h per day)per year,as well as short-time-scale sampling at intervals of 5 min,across a sky area of approximately 1200 square degrees centered near the south celestial pole.We have assessed the types of small solar system bodies detectable by the ATSOP telescopes,as well as the associated scientific research opportunities.Our analysis indicates that the ATSOP is capable of detecting near-Earth objects(NEOs)with all orbital inclinations,as well as high-inclination small bodies located beyond the main asteroid belt.Potential research topics include the discovery and identification of small bodies,orbit determination,physical characterization,investigation into the activity characteristics and evolutionary patterns of active small bodies,and studies on their dynamical evolution.Observations of NEOs can also contribute to planetary defense efforts.On the basis of pilot observational data collected by the Antarctic Tianmu prototype(AT-Proto)between February 20 and October 26,2023,a total of 478 asteroids and 9 comets were successfully identified,demonstrating the effectiveness of the ATSOP system in observing small solar system bodies.Looking ahead,with anticipated performance enhancements in the second-generation AT-Proto,the limiting magnitude will increase from 16 to 18,thereby enabling the detection of an even greater number of small solar system bodies.展开更多
There is a contradiction between the evolution rate of materials and the time resolution of SR-CT characterization in the in situ synchrotron radiation computed tomography(SR-CT)characterization of ultrafast evolution...There is a contradiction between the evolution rate of materials and the time resolution of SR-CT characterization in the in situ synchrotron radiation computed tomography(SR-CT)characterization of ultrafast evolution process.The sampling strategy of the ultra-sparse angle is an effective method for improving time resolution.Accurate reconstruction under sparse sampling conditions has always been a bottleneck problem.In recent years,convolutional neural networks have shown outstanding advantages in sparse-angle CT reconstruction given the development of deep learning.However,existing ideas did not consider the expression of high-frequency details in neural networks,limiting their application in accurate SR-CT characterization.A novel high-frequency information-constrained deep learning network(HFIC-Net)is proposed in response to this problem.Additional high-frequency information constraints are added to improve the accuracy of the reconstruction results.Further,a series of numerical reconstruction experiments are conducted to verify this new method,and the results indicate that the reconstruction results of HFIC-Net method effectively improve reconstruction quality.This new method uses only eight-angle projections to achieve the reconstruction effect of the filtered backprojection method(FBP)method in 360 projections.The results of the HFIC-Net method demonstrate clear boundaries and accurate detailed structures,correcting the misinformation caused by using other methods.For quantitative evaluation,the SSIM used to evaluate image structure similarity is increased from 0.1951,0.9212,and 0.9308 for FBP,FBP-Conv,and DDC-Net,respectively,to 0.9620 for HFIC-Net.Finally,the results of actual SR-CT experimental data indicate that the new method can suppress artifacts and achieve accurate reconstruction,and it is suitable for the in situ SR-CT accurate characterization of ultxafast evolution process.展开更多
Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)have been shown as powerful tools for solving partial differential equations(PDEs)by embedding physical laws into the network training.Despite their remarkable results,complicate...Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)have been shown as powerful tools for solving partial differential equations(PDEs)by embedding physical laws into the network training.Despite their remarkable results,complicated problems such as irregular boundary conditions(BCs)and discontinuous or high-frequency behaviors remain persistent challenges for PINNs.For these reasons,we propose a novel two-phase framework,where a neural network is first trained to represent shape functions that can capture the irregularity of BCs in the first phase,and then these neural network-based shape functions are used to construct boundary shape functions(BSFs)that exactly satisfy both essential and natural BCs in PINNs in the second phase.This scheme is integrated into both the strong-form and energy PINN approaches,thereby improving the quality of solution prediction in the cases of irregular BCs.In addition,this study examines the benefits and limitations of these approaches in handling discontinuous and high-frequency problems.Overall,our method offers a unified and flexible solution framework that addresses key limitations of existing PINN methods with higher accuracy and stability for general PDE problems in solid mechanics.展开更多
In this paper,a fast step heterodyne light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy(SH-LITES)sensor using a high-frequency quartz tuning fork(QTF)with resonant frequency of~100 kHz is reported for the first time.The theoret...In this paper,a fast step heterodyne light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy(SH-LITES)sensor using a high-frequency quartz tuning fork(QTF)with resonant frequency of~100 kHz is reported for the first time.The theoretical principle of heterodyne LITES(H-LITES)signal generation is analyzed firstly,and an acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))H-LITES sensor is established to verify its performance.Experimental comparisons between the high-frequency QTF and a standard commercial QTF with resonant frequency of~32.768 kHz reveal that the high-frequency QTF exhibits a tenfold faster response time.Specifically,the H-LITES sensor with this QTF achieves a 33 ms measurement cycle,90%shorter than commercial counterparts.Furthermore,The SH-LITES technique is proposed to further shorten the scanning time to 15 ms,which achieves the shortest LITES measurement time known to date.To demonstrate its advantages in dynamic gas detection,an H_(2)O-LITES system integrating both QTF types is constructed for real-time monitoring of H_(2)O concentration during different respiration patterns.Comparative measurements show that the SH-LITES more accurately captures dynamic H_(2)O concentration fluctuations during respiration,outperforming the commercial QTF-based H-LITES sensor in rapid response scenarios.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of blood-letting cupping combined with manual lymphatic drainage in treating breast cancer-related lymphedema(BCRL)and explore its mechanism of action from both traditional ...Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of blood-letting cupping combined with manual lymphatic drainage in treating breast cancer-related lymphedema(BCRL)and explore its mechanism of action from both traditional Chinese medicine and modern medical perspectives,providing a scientific basis and novel therapeutic approaches for clinical management of BCRL.Methods:Patients with BCRL admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of Hebei University Affiliated Hospital were enrolled.A prospective randomized controlled trial design was adopted,with eligible patients randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group.The control group received manual lymphatic drainage alone,while the treatment group received manual lymphtic drainage combined with blood-letting cupping therapy.Posttreatment comparisons evaluated upper limb circumference reduction,edema severity grading,and upper limb functional scores.Vital signs and adverse reactions during treatment were recorded for both groups.Statistical software analyzed the data.Results:The treatment group demonstrated significantly greater reduction in upper limb circumference,improvement in edema severity,and higher upper limb function scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Vital signs remained stable throughout treatment in both groups.No severe adverse reactions occurred in the treatment group;only isolated cases of mild skin itching were reported,which resolved after symptomatic management.Conclusion:The combination of bloodletting cupping and manual lymphatic drainage demonstrates reliable efficacy in treating BCRL,effectively alleviating edema symptoms and improving upper limb function with high safety.Its mechanism may relate to traditional Chinese medicine principles of“unblocking meridians,promoting blood circulation,and resolving stasis”and modern medical concepts of“enhancing local blood circulation,facilitating lymphatic drainage,and reducing inflammatory responses”.展开更多
Here we report on simultaneous lidar observations of sporadic Ni(Nis)layers and sporadic Na(Nas)layers in the atmosphere over Yanqing,Beijing(40.42°N,116.02°E)from April 2019 to October 2022.During 343 night...Here we report on simultaneous lidar observations of sporadic Ni(Nis)layers and sporadic Na(Nas)layers in the atmosphere over Yanqing,Beijing(40.42°N,116.02°E)from April 2019 to October 2022.During 343 nights of observation,68 Nis and 56 Nas were observed.The seasonal variation of Nis and Nas was also obtained,with the highest occurrence of Nis being in July(43%)and that of Nas being in June(61%).We found that the seasonal variation of Nis is similar to that of Nas and that both occur more frequently in summer than in winter.In addition,we found 23 events in which Nis and Nas occur simultaneously.The average peak altitude of Nas is approximately 1 km higher than that of Nis,and the peak density ratio of Nas to Nis is approximately 5,which is half the density ratio of the two main layers.Additionally,the strength factor for Nas is smaller than that for Nis.Through data analysis of sporadic E layers(Es),we found that Nis and Nas has a significant correlation with Es.The neutralization rates of Ni^(+)/Na^(+)were calculated according to the dissociative recombination reaction of Ni^(+)/Na^(+)and the WACCM-Ni(Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model of Ni).The production rates of Ni and Na were estimated to be approximately 1:4.4,which is consistent with the density ratio of Nis to Nas.The results showed that the neutralization reaction of Ni+,Na+,and electrons in Es is the main reason for the formation of the Nis layer and the Nas layer.展开更多
Energy transfers among internal waves in the northern South China Sea are not well characterized,particularly during typhoons,owing to the lack of in situ observations.Based on high-resolution mooring data collected d...Energy transfers among internal waves in the northern South China Sea are not well characterized,particularly during typhoons,owing to the lack of in situ observations.Based on high-resolution mooring data collected during Typhoon Trami(2024),this study reveals the occurrence of robust vertical energy redistribution among diurnal internal tides(D1 ITs)and near-inertial waves(NIWs).Strikingly,the typhoon not only amplified the NIW energy but also triggered an unexpected surge in the D1 IT energy.The observed average net energy transfer rate of 1×10^(-7) W kg^(−1) from typhoon-forced NIWs to D1 ITs occurred at water depths of 120-170 m.Further bispectral analysis indicated that the energy transfer is driven by nonlinear wave—wave interaction.These results reveal the existence of a new energy transfer pathway—from atmospheric forcing to D1 ITs—and redefine the redistribution of the internal wave energy during extreme weather events.展开更多
State Field Observation and Research Station of Debris Flow in Dongchuan,Yunnan is also named Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The study area,Jiangjia Ravine,is about ...State Field Observation and Research Station of Debris Flow in Dongchuan,Yunnan is also named Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The study area,Jiangjia Ravine,is about 48.6 km2 and characterized by intense tectonism.Accumulated clastic detritus is the main source of the materials in the debris flows when an intense rainfall occurs.The recorded highest density and sediment transport are 2370 kg/m^(3) and 6.079×10^(6) kg/s,respectively.The ravine is now called the“debris flow museum”in China and supplies advantageous research conditions.展开更多
Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)represent a promising solution for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density,but the growth of lithium dendrites presents significant challenges to their performance ...Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)represent a promising solution for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density,but the growth of lithium dendrites presents significant challenges to their performance and safety.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms behind lithium dendrite formation and the role of in situ/operando observation and phase field simulation in understanding and mitigating this issue,The key driving factors of dendrite growth,such as lithium-ion flux heterogeneity,surface defects,and localized stress,are explored through advanced experimental techniques,which enable real-time visualization of dendrite nucleation and growth dynamics.Complementarily,phase field simulations provide insights into subsurface and temporal evolution of dendrites by modeling thermodynamic and kinetic processes,while machine learning techniques optimize simulation accuracy through data-driven parameter refinement.The integration of experimental observations with simulation models holds great potential in improving understanding and predictive capabilities.Despite ongoing progress,challenges remain in resolving technical limitations in observation techniques,improving computational efficiency,and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration.This review highlights the synergy between experimental and computational strategies in advancing the development of LMBs and calls for continued research to overcome existing hurdles and unlock the full potential of lithium metal anodes.展开更多
The spatial variability in the atmospheric CO_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations in urban land is affected by the source type,source distribution,and emission intensity in the cityscape.In this study,we analyzed vehicle-moun...The spatial variability in the atmospheric CO_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations in urban land is affected by the source type,source distribution,and emission intensity in the cityscape.In this study,we analyzed vehicle-mounted measurements of street-level CO_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations in Hangzhou—a large metropolitan area in the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China.The results revealed that CO_(2)and CH_(4)emission hotspots did not overlap geographically,with the former occurring as linear features at elevated road intersections and expressways and the latter occurring at waste treatment facilities(sewage treatment plants and landfills).The CH_(4):CO_(2)emission ratios(ppb ppm^(-1))were ranked in increasing order as follows:traffic(1.01±1.82;mean±1 SD);overall(3.46±2.71);sewage treatment(12.76±2.50);and landfill(36.50±10.15).Waste treatment was largely responsible for the increased overall emission ratio,supporting this source category as a major contributor to the CH_(4)budget in this city and suggesting a negligible role of domestic appliances(cookstoves and water heaters).A two-source mixing model calculation indicated that 99.9%of nonelectric vehicles in Hangzhou were gasoline-powered,revealing a recent shift in vehicle fuel composition from gasoline/natural gas to gasoline/electricity.The methodology established in this study is applicable to cities elsewhere.展开更多
Objective: To observe the curative effect of high-frequency electric sparkle and point-injection therapy (HESPT) on knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: Two hundred and five patients were randomly divided into a warmin...Objective: To observe the curative effect of high-frequency electric sparkle and point-injection therapy (HESPT) on knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: Two hundred and five patients were randomly divided into a warming needle moxibustion group (68 cases), a HESPT group (68 cases) and a point-injection group (69 cases). In the warming needle moxibustion group, the main points of Xuehai (SP 10), Neixiyan (EX-LE4), Waixiyan (EX-LE5), Dubi (ST 35), Zusanli (ST 36) and Yanglingquan (GB 34), and the adjunct points of Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), on the affected side, were chosen for stimulation. In the HESPT group, tenderness points, the main points of Liangqiu (ST 34), Xuehai (SP 10), Neixiyan (EX-LE4), Waixiyan (EX-LE5) and Zusanli (ST 36), and the adjunct points of Yinlingquan (SP 9), Weizhong (BL 40) and Chengshan (BL 57), were chosen. After proper manipulation, Corydalis decumbens Pers. liquid was injected into the points and a high-frequency electric sparkle was applied to stimulate the needles for 30 seconds. In the point-injection group, point injection was performed with the same method, but the patients did not receive electric stimulation. The Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the Lysholm Knee Score Scale (LKSS) and the ROM (Range of Motion) scale were used to evaluate the severity of KOA and the function of knee joints before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. Finally, the Nimodipine method was used to assess the total curative effect. Results: After HESPT treatment, the scores for pain, morning stiffness and swelling were significantly lower (P<0.01) and LKSS index and ROM were much higher (P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively) compared to the two other groups. The obviously effective rate and total effective rate were also significantly higher in the HESPT group than in the two other groups (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion: HESPT can improve joint function in KOA patients, and the curative effect is better than for warming needle moxibustion or point-injection only.展开更多
The Geostationary Orbiting Satellite(GOS)offers extensive opportunities for the study of oceanic internal waves(IWs)through high-frequency observations.In this study,the spatial and temporal distributions of sunglint ...The Geostationary Orbiting Satellite(GOS)offers extensive opportunities for the study of oceanic internal waves(IWs)through high-frequency observations.In this study,the spatial and temporal distributions of sunglint from 3 GOSs(Himawari-8,FY-4A,and GK-2A)were calculated,and the observation times of IWs in various seas were also recorded.The GOS can continuously observe IWs at a frequency of 10 min for 2 to 3 h.As demonstrated by the application to IWs in the Andaman Sea,the GOS effectively captures the surface features of IWs,including soliton number,the length and wavelength of the leading wave,and the speed and direction of propagation.Furthermore,the GOS can be used to track the dynamic processes of IWs within a short duration and provide more accurate“instantaneous”phase speeds.In the case of the Indonesian Seas,the average error of the GOS-derived phase speeds is 0.13 m/s compared to the Korteweg–de Vries phase speeds.Additionally,a 7-day observation from FY-4A suggests the possibility of diurnal IWs in the Sulu Sea.The advent of high-temporal-resolution GOS provides an enriched dataset for oceanic IW studies,which will contribute greatly to a more comprehensive understanding of IW mechanisms.展开更多
The characteristics of nonmetallic inclusions formed during steel production have a significant influence on steel performance.In this paper,studies on inclusions using confocal scanning laser microscopy(CSLM)are revi...The characteristics of nonmetallic inclusions formed during steel production have a significant influence on steel performance.In this paper,studies on inclusions using confocal scanning laser microscopy(CSLM)are reviewed and summarized,particularly the col-lision of various inclusions,dissolution of inclusions in liquid slag,and reactions between inclusions and steel.Solid inclusions exhibited a high collision tendency,whereas pure liquid inclusions exhibited minimal collisions because of the small attraction force induced by their<90°contact angle with molten steel.The collision of complex inclusions in molten steel was not included in the scope of this study and should be evaluated in future studies.Higher CaO/Al_(2)O_(3)and CaO/SiO_(2)ratios in liquid slag promoted the dissolution of Al_(2)O_(3)-based in-clusions.The formation of solid phases in the slag should be prevented to improve dissolution of inclusions.To accurately simulate the dissolution of inclusions in liquid slag,in-situ observation of the dissolution of inclusions at the steel-slag interface is necessary.Using a combination of CSLM and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,the composition and morphological evolution of the inclusions during their modification by the dissolved elements in steel were observed and analyzed.Although the in-situ observa-tion of MnS and TiN precipitations has been widely studied,the in-situ observation of the evolution of oxide inclusions in steel during so-lidification and heating processes has rarely been reported.The effects of temperature,heating and cooling rates,and inclusion character-istics on the formation of acicular ferrites(AFs)have been widely studied.At a cooling rate of 3-5 K/s,the order of AF growth rate in-duced by different inclusions,as reported in literature,is Ti-O<Ti-Ca-Zr-Al-O<Mg-O<Ti-Zr-Al-O<Mn-Ti-Al-O<Ti-Al-O<Zr-Ti-Al-O.Further comprehensive experiments are required to investigate the quantitative relationship between the formation of AFs and inclusions.展开更多
China has a long history of coal mining,among which open-pit coal mines have a large number of small coal mine goafs underground.The distribution,shape,structure and other characteristics of goafs are isolated and dis...China has a long history of coal mining,among which open-pit coal mines have a large number of small coal mine goafs underground.The distribution,shape,structure and other characteristics of goafs are isolated and discontinuous,and there is no definite geological law to follow,which seriously threatens the safety of coal mine production and personnel life.Conventional ground geophysical methods have low accuracy in detecting goaf areas affected by mechanical interference from open-pit mines,especially for waterless goaf areas,which cannot be detected by existing methods.This article proposes the use of high-frequency electromagnetic waves for goaf detection.The feasibility of using drilling radar to detect goaf was theoretically analyzed,and a goaf detection model was established.The response characteristics of different fillers in the goaf under different frequencies of high-frequency electromagnetic waves were simulated and analyzed.In a certain open-pit mine in Inner Mongolia,100MHz high-frequency electromagnetic waves were used to detect the goaf through directional drilling on the ground.After detection,excavation verification was carried out,and the location of one goaf detected was verified.The results of engineering practice show that the application of high-frequency electromagnetic waves in goaf detection expands the detection radius of boreholes,has the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy,and has important theoretical and practical significance.展开更多
The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution ki...The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution kinetics of primary carbides during either heating or soaking.Dissolution of carbides proceeded in three stages(fast→slow→faster)as either temperature or holding time was increased.During the heating process and during the first and third stages of the soaking process,the original size of the carbides determined the steepness of the slope,but during the middle(“slow”)stage of the soaking process,the slope remained zero.The initial size of the carbides varied greatly,but their final dissolution temperature fell within the narrow range of 1210-1235℃,and the holding time remained within 50 min.Fractal analysis was used to study the morphological characteristics of small and medium-sized carbides during the dissolution process.According to changes in the fractal dimension before and after soaking,the carbides tended to evolve towards a more regular morphology.展开更多
The Macao satellites differ from their predecessors in their orbits:MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite-1)is in low inclination and the planned MSS-2 will be in highly elliptical orbits.This paper reviews the fundamental ad...The Macao satellites differ from their predecessors in their orbits:MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite-1)is in low inclination and the planned MSS-2 will be in highly elliptical orbits.This paper reviews the fundamental advantages and disadvantages of the different possible magnetic measurements:the component(declination,intensity,etc.)and location(satellite,ground,etc.).When planning a survey the choice of component is the"What?"question;the choice of location the"Where?"question.Results from potential theory inform the choice of measurement and data analysis.For example,knowing the vertical component of magnetic field provides a solution for the full magnetic field everywhere in the potential region.This is the familiar Neumann problem.In reality this ideal dataset is never available.In the past we were restricted to declination data only,then direction only,then total intensity only.There have also been large swathes of Earth's surface with no measurements at all(MSS-1 is restricted to latitudes below).These incomplete datasets throw up new questions for potential theory,questions that have some intriguing answers.When only declination is known uniqueness is provided by horizontal intensity measurements on a single line joining the dip-poles.When only directions are involved uniqueness is provided by a single intensity measurement,at least in principle.Paleomagnetic intensities can help.When only total intensity is known,as was largely the case in the early satellite era,uniqueness is provided by a precise location of the magnetic equator.Holes in the data distribution is a familiar problem in geophysical studies.All magnetic measurements sample,to a greater or lesser extent,the potential field everywhere.There is a trade-off between measurements close to the source,good for small targets and high resolution,and the broader sample of a distant measurement.The sampling of a measurement is given by the appropriate Green's function of the Laplacian,which determines both the resolution and scope of the measurement.For example,radial and horizontal measurements near the Earth's surface give a weighted average of the radial component over a patch of the core surface beneath the measurement site about in radius.The patch is smaller for shallower surfaces,for example from satellite to ground.Holes in the data distribution do not correspond to similar holes at the source surface;the price paid is in resolution of the source.I argue that,in the past,we have been too reluctant to take advantage of incomplete and apparently hopeless datasets.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical observation of white eye distribution characteristics of hyperlipidemic patients based on artificial intelligence digital eye diagnosis technology.METHODS:One hundred and fifty subjec...OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical observation of white eye distribution characteristics of hyperlipidemic patients based on artificial intelligence digital eye diagnosis technology.METHODS:One hundred and fifty subjects were examined in the outpatient and inpatient departments of Guang'anmen Hospital of the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 01 February 2022 to 01 February 2023,including 80 cases in the hyperlipidemic patient(HLP)group and 70 cases in the normal lipid level patient(NC)group.The two groups were collected and extracted by the artificial intelligence visual diagnostic instrument and analyzed by the MyEyeD-10 white eye shadowless imaging health intelligence analysis system.Finally,SPSS 26.0(Version X;IBM Corp.,Armonk,NY,USA)was used for statistical processing.RESULTS:Significant differences were noted in the scores of"spot"and"foggy"features between the two groups.Between groups,the"spot"feature score of the white eye morphology in the HLP group(11.07±3.22)was higher than that in the NC group(7.50±4.11)(P<0.01).Moreover,the"foggy"feature score of the eye morphology in the HLP group(8.37±2.25)was higher than that in the NC group(P<0.01),higher than that of the NC group(5.72±1.21)(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the"A"(stomach),"B","O"(spleen),and"M"(liver)eye-contact region scores between the two groups,and the"B","O"(spleen)and"M"(liver)eye-contact region scores were significantly different.The scores of the white eye channel region in the HLP group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with the"A","B",and"O"regions(P<0.01),"M"region(P<0.01),"A","B","O",and"M"region(P<0.01)."M"zone(P<0.05).The scores of"dull red"and"yellow"features were significantly different,and the scores of"dull red"and"yellow"colors of the white eye choroid in the HLP group were significantly higher than those in the HLP group.The scores of"dull red"and"yellow"were significantly higher in the HLP group than in the NC group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The morphological features of the white eye ocular image,the white eye chakra's color,and the bulbar conjunctiva's vascular zoning are closely related to hyperlipidemia.Importantly,these provide a reference for the objectivity and precision of the identification of Chinese medicine by looking at the eyes.展开更多
Adaptive optics(AO)has significantly advanced high-resolution solar observations by mitigating atmospheric turbulence.However,traditional post-focal AO systems suffer from external configurations that introduce excess...Adaptive optics(AO)has significantly advanced high-resolution solar observations by mitigating atmospheric turbulence.However,traditional post-focal AO systems suffer from external configurations that introduce excessive optical surfaces,reduced light throughput,and instrumental polarization.To address these limitations,we propose an embedded solar adaptive optics telescope(ESAOT)that intrinsically incorporates the solar AO(SAO)subsystem within the telescope's optical train,featuring a co-designed correction chain with a single Hartmann-Shack full-wavefront sensor(HS f-WFS)and a deformable secondary mirror(DSM).The HS f-WFS uses temporal-spatial hybrid sampling technique to simultane-ously resolve tip-tilt and high-order aberrations,while the DSM performs real-time compensation through adaptive modal optimization.This unified architecture achieves symmetrical polarization suppression and high system throughput by min-imizing optical surfaces.A 600 mm ESAOT prototype incorporating a 12×12 micro-lens array HS f-WFS and 61-actuator piezoelectric DSM has been developed and successfully conducted on-sky photospheric observations.Validations in-cluding turbulence simulations,optical bench testing,and practical observations at the Lijiang observatory collectively confirm the system's capability to maintain aboutλ/10 wavefront error during active region tracking.This architectural breakthrough of the ESAOT addresses long-standing SAO integration challenges in solar astronomy and provides scala-bility analyses confirming direct applicability to the existing and future large solar observation facilities.展开更多
Salience theory has been proposed as a new stock trading strategy.To assess the validity of this proposal,a complex decision trading system was constructed based on salience theory,a variational mode decomposition(VMD...Salience theory has been proposed as a new stock trading strategy.To assess the validity of this proposal,a complex decision trading system was constructed based on salience theory,a variational mode decomposition(VMD)model,a bidirectional gated recurrent unit(BiGRU)model,and high-frequency trading.The system selected 30 Chinese new energy concept stocks,ranked the stocks using salience theory,and selected the top and bottom three stocks for two portfolios.Twelve stages were established,following which the VMD and BiGRU models were applied to the predictions.The final predicted annualized returns for the high ST(salience theory value)group A(GA)and low ST group B(GB)were 194.06%and 165.88%,respectively.This finding validates the powerful utility of salience theory and deep learning to analyze the Chinese new energy market.Moreover,it explains the theoretical practicality issues that the short selling restriction is the essential reason,or even perhaps the only reason,that leads to the strength of salience theory.展开更多
Micro-nano Earth Observation Satellite(MEOS)constellation has the advantages of low construction cost,short revisit cycle,and high functional density,which is considered a promising solution for serving rapidly growin...Micro-nano Earth Observation Satellite(MEOS)constellation has the advantages of low construction cost,short revisit cycle,and high functional density,which is considered a promising solution for serving rapidly growing observation demands.The observation Scheduling Problem in the MEOS constellation(MEOSSP)is a challenging issue due to the large number of satellites and tasks,as well as complex observation constraints.To address the large-scale and complicated MEOSSP,we develop a Two-Stage Scheduling Algorithm based on the Pointer Network with Attention mechanism(TSSA-PNA).In TSSA-PNA,the MEOS observation scheduling is decomposed into a task allocation stage and a single-MEOS scheduling stage.In the task allocation stage,an adaptive task allocation algorithm with four problem-specific allocation operators is proposed to reallocate the unscheduled tasks to new MEOSs.Regarding the single-MEOS scheduling stage,we design a pointer network based on the encoder-decoder architecture to learn the optimal singleMEOS scheduling solution and introduce the attention mechanism into the encoder to improve the learning efficiency.The Pointer Network with Attention mechanism(PNA)can generate the single-MEOS scheduling solution quickly in an end-to-end manner.These two decomposed stages are performed iteratively to search for the solution with high profit.A greedy local search algorithm is developed to improve the profits further.The performance of the PNA and TSSA-PNA on singleMEOS and multi-MEOS scheduling problems are evaluated in the experiments.The experimental results demonstrate that PNA can obtain the approximate solution for the single-MEOS scheduling problem in a short time.Besides,the TSSA-PNA can achieve higher observation profits than the existing scheduling algorithms within the acceptable computational time for the large-scale MEOS scheduling problem.展开更多
基金supported by the Operation,Maintenance and Upgrading Fund for Astronomical Telescopes and Facility Instruments,budgeted by the Ministry of Finance of China(MOF)and administered by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12173093 and 11973094)a science research grant from the China Manned Space Project(No.CMS-CSST-2021-B08).
文摘The Antarctic Tianmu Staring Observation Project(ATSOP)entails the deployment of 30 small-aperture,wide-field optical telescopes in the Antarctic region.The system will perform long-term continuous observation campaigns over a period of 100 d(24 h per day)per year,as well as short-time-scale sampling at intervals of 5 min,across a sky area of approximately 1200 square degrees centered near the south celestial pole.We have assessed the types of small solar system bodies detectable by the ATSOP telescopes,as well as the associated scientific research opportunities.Our analysis indicates that the ATSOP is capable of detecting near-Earth objects(NEOs)with all orbital inclinations,as well as high-inclination small bodies located beyond the main asteroid belt.Potential research topics include the discovery and identification of small bodies,orbit determination,physical characterization,investigation into the activity characteristics and evolutionary patterns of active small bodies,and studies on their dynamical evolution.Observations of NEOs can also contribute to planetary defense efforts.On the basis of pilot observational data collected by the Antarctic Tianmu prototype(AT-Proto)between February 20 and October 26,2023,a total of 478 asteroids and 9 comets were successfully identified,demonstrating the effectiveness of the ATSOP system in observing small solar system bodies.Looking ahead,with anticipated performance enhancements in the second-generation AT-Proto,the limiting magnitude will increase from 16 to 18,thereby enabling the detection of an even greater number of small solar system bodies.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.12027901 and 12041202)Synchrotron Radiation Joint Fund of University of Science and Technology of China(Nos.KY2090000059 and KY2090000054)。
文摘There is a contradiction between the evolution rate of materials and the time resolution of SR-CT characterization in the in situ synchrotron radiation computed tomography(SR-CT)characterization of ultrafast evolution process.The sampling strategy of the ultra-sparse angle is an effective method for improving time resolution.Accurate reconstruction under sparse sampling conditions has always been a bottleneck problem.In recent years,convolutional neural networks have shown outstanding advantages in sparse-angle CT reconstruction given the development of deep learning.However,existing ideas did not consider the expression of high-frequency details in neural networks,limiting their application in accurate SR-CT characterization.A novel high-frequency information-constrained deep learning network(HFIC-Net)is proposed in response to this problem.Additional high-frequency information constraints are added to improve the accuracy of the reconstruction results.Further,a series of numerical reconstruction experiments are conducted to verify this new method,and the results indicate that the reconstruction results of HFIC-Net method effectively improve reconstruction quality.This new method uses only eight-angle projections to achieve the reconstruction effect of the filtered backprojection method(FBP)method in 360 projections.The results of the HFIC-Net method demonstrate clear boundaries and accurate detailed structures,correcting the misinformation caused by using other methods.For quantitative evaluation,the SSIM used to evaluate image structure similarity is increased from 0.1951,0.9212,and 0.9308 for FBP,FBP-Conv,and DDC-Net,respectively,to 0.9620 for HFIC-Net.Finally,the results of actual SR-CT experimental data indicate that the new method can suppress artifacts and achieve accurate reconstruction,and it is suitable for the in situ SR-CT accurate characterization of ultxafast evolution process.
基金Project supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(No.RS-2024-00337001)。
文摘Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)have been shown as powerful tools for solving partial differential equations(PDEs)by embedding physical laws into the network training.Despite their remarkable results,complicated problems such as irregular boundary conditions(BCs)and discontinuous or high-frequency behaviors remain persistent challenges for PINNs.For these reasons,we propose a novel two-phase framework,where a neural network is first trained to represent shape functions that can capture the irregularity of BCs in the first phase,and then these neural network-based shape functions are used to construct boundary shape functions(BSFs)that exactly satisfy both essential and natural BCs in PINNs in the second phase.This scheme is integrated into both the strong-form and energy PINN approaches,thereby improving the quality of solution prediction in the cases of irregular BCs.In addition,this study examines the benefits and limitations of these approaches in handling discontinuous and high-frequency problems.Overall,our method offers a unified and flexible solution framework that addresses key limitations of existing PINN methods with higher accuracy and stability for general PDE problems in solid mechanics.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62335006,62275065,624B2050,62022032,and 62405078)Open Subject of Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment(HBKL-ALTE2025001)+2 种基金Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(Grant No.LBH-Z23144 and LBH-Z24155)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.LH2024F031)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M764172).
文摘In this paper,a fast step heterodyne light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy(SH-LITES)sensor using a high-frequency quartz tuning fork(QTF)with resonant frequency of~100 kHz is reported for the first time.The theoretical principle of heterodyne LITES(H-LITES)signal generation is analyzed firstly,and an acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))H-LITES sensor is established to verify its performance.Experimental comparisons between the high-frequency QTF and a standard commercial QTF with resonant frequency of~32.768 kHz reveal that the high-frequency QTF exhibits a tenfold faster response time.Specifically,the H-LITES sensor with this QTF achieves a 33 ms measurement cycle,90%shorter than commercial counterparts.Furthermore,The SH-LITES technique is proposed to further shorten the scanning time to 15 ms,which achieves the shortest LITES measurement time known to date.To demonstrate its advantages in dynamic gas detection,an H_(2)O-LITES system integrating both QTF types is constructed for real-time monitoring of H_(2)O concentration during different respiration patterns.Comparative measurements show that the SH-LITES more accurately captures dynamic H_(2)O concentration fluctuations during respiration,outperforming the commercial QTF-based H-LITES sensor in rapid response scenarios.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of blood-letting cupping combined with manual lymphatic drainage in treating breast cancer-related lymphedema(BCRL)and explore its mechanism of action from both traditional Chinese medicine and modern medical perspectives,providing a scientific basis and novel therapeutic approaches for clinical management of BCRL.Methods:Patients with BCRL admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of Hebei University Affiliated Hospital were enrolled.A prospective randomized controlled trial design was adopted,with eligible patients randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group.The control group received manual lymphatic drainage alone,while the treatment group received manual lymphtic drainage combined with blood-letting cupping therapy.Posttreatment comparisons evaluated upper limb circumference reduction,edema severity grading,and upper limb functional scores.Vital signs and adverse reactions during treatment were recorded for both groups.Statistical software analyzed the data.Results:The treatment group demonstrated significantly greater reduction in upper limb circumference,improvement in edema severity,and higher upper limb function scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Vital signs remained stable throughout treatment in both groups.No severe adverse reactions occurred in the treatment group;only isolated cases of mild skin itching were reported,which resolved after symptomatic management.Conclusion:The combination of bloodletting cupping and manual lymphatic drainage demonstrates reliable efficacy in treating BCRL,effectively alleviating edema symptoms and improving upper limb function with high safety.Its mechanism may relate to traditional Chinese medicine principles of“unblocking meridians,promoting blood circulation,and resolving stasis”and modern medical concepts of“enhancing local blood circulation,facilitating lymphatic drainage,and reducing inflammatory responses”.
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories,Chinese Meridian Project,the Specialized Research Fund for the State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather,postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province(Grant No.YJS2024JD32)Natural Science Foundation Project of Henan Province(Grant No.242300420253)National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scientists(Grant No.42504156)funding.
文摘Here we report on simultaneous lidar observations of sporadic Ni(Nis)layers and sporadic Na(Nas)layers in the atmosphere over Yanqing,Beijing(40.42°N,116.02°E)from April 2019 to October 2022.During 343 nights of observation,68 Nis and 56 Nas were observed.The seasonal variation of Nis and Nas was also obtained,with the highest occurrence of Nis being in July(43%)and that of Nas being in June(61%).We found that the seasonal variation of Nis is similar to that of Nas and that both occur more frequently in summer than in winter.In addition,we found 23 events in which Nis and Nas occur simultaneously.The average peak altitude of Nas is approximately 1 km higher than that of Nis,and the peak density ratio of Nas to Nis is approximately 5,which is half the density ratio of the two main layers.Additionally,the strength factor for Nas is smaller than that for Nis.Through data analysis of sporadic E layers(Es),we found that Nis and Nas has a significant correlation with Es.The neutralization rates of Ni^(+)/Na^(+)were calculated according to the dissociative recombination reaction of Ni^(+)/Na^(+)and the WACCM-Ni(Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model of Ni).The production rates of Ni and Na were estimated to be approximately 1:4.4,which is consistent with the density ratio of Nis to Nas.The results showed that the neutralization reaction of Ni+,Na+,and electrons in Es is the main reason for the formation of the Nis layer and the Nas layer.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan Program of China [Grant number 2021YFC3101500]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant number 42305014,42506024]。
文摘Energy transfers among internal waves in the northern South China Sea are not well characterized,particularly during typhoons,owing to the lack of in situ observations.Based on high-resolution mooring data collected during Typhoon Trami(2024),this study reveals the occurrence of robust vertical energy redistribution among diurnal internal tides(D1 ITs)and near-inertial waves(NIWs).Strikingly,the typhoon not only amplified the NIW energy but also triggered an unexpected surge in the D1 IT energy.The observed average net energy transfer rate of 1×10^(-7) W kg^(−1) from typhoon-forced NIWs to D1 ITs occurred at water depths of 120-170 m.Further bispectral analysis indicated that the energy transfer is driven by nonlinear wave—wave interaction.These results reveal the existence of a new energy transfer pathway—from atmospheric forcing to D1 ITs—and redefine the redistribution of the internal wave energy during extreme weather events.
文摘State Field Observation and Research Station of Debris Flow in Dongchuan,Yunnan is also named Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The study area,Jiangjia Ravine,is about 48.6 km2 and characterized by intense tectonism.Accumulated clastic detritus is the main source of the materials in the debris flows when an intense rainfall occurs.The recorded highest density and sediment transport are 2370 kg/m^(3) and 6.079×10^(6) kg/s,respectively.The ravine is now called the“debris flow museum”in China and supplies advantageous research conditions.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12172206 and 11972218)。
文摘Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)represent a promising solution for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density,but the growth of lithium dendrites presents significant challenges to their performance and safety.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms behind lithium dendrite formation and the role of in situ/operando observation and phase field simulation in understanding and mitigating this issue,The key driving factors of dendrite growth,such as lithium-ion flux heterogeneity,surface defects,and localized stress,are explored through advanced experimental techniques,which enable real-time visualization of dendrite nucleation and growth dynamics.Complementarily,phase field simulations provide insights into subsurface and temporal evolution of dendrites by modeling thermodynamic and kinetic processes,while machine learning techniques optimize simulation accuracy through data-driven parameter refinement.The integration of experimental observations with simulation models holds great potential in improving understanding and predictive capabilities.Despite ongoing progress,challenges remain in resolving technical limitations in observation techniques,improving computational efficiency,and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration.This review highlights the synergy between experimental and computational strategies in advancing the development of LMBs and calls for continued research to overcome existing hurdles and unlock the full potential of lithium metal anodes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U24A20590,42021004)the Joint funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(GrantNo.LZJMZ23D050002)+2 种基金the 333 Project of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BRA2022023)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.BK20220055)the Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink,China Meteorological Administration(Grant No.ECSS-CMA202302)。
文摘The spatial variability in the atmospheric CO_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations in urban land is affected by the source type,source distribution,and emission intensity in the cityscape.In this study,we analyzed vehicle-mounted measurements of street-level CO_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations in Hangzhou—a large metropolitan area in the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China.The results revealed that CO_(2)and CH_(4)emission hotspots did not overlap geographically,with the former occurring as linear features at elevated road intersections and expressways and the latter occurring at waste treatment facilities(sewage treatment plants and landfills).The CH_(4):CO_(2)emission ratios(ppb ppm^(-1))were ranked in increasing order as follows:traffic(1.01±1.82;mean±1 SD);overall(3.46±2.71);sewage treatment(12.76±2.50);and landfill(36.50±10.15).Waste treatment was largely responsible for the increased overall emission ratio,supporting this source category as a major contributor to the CH_(4)budget in this city and suggesting a negligible role of domestic appliances(cookstoves and water heaters).A two-source mixing model calculation indicated that 99.9%of nonelectric vehicles in Hangzhou were gasoline-powered,revealing a recent shift in vehicle fuel composition from gasoline/natural gas to gasoline/electricity.The methodology established in this study is applicable to cities elsewhere.
基金supported by Talents Startup Project of China Three Gorges University (No.0620070106)
文摘Objective: To observe the curative effect of high-frequency electric sparkle and point-injection therapy (HESPT) on knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: Two hundred and five patients were randomly divided into a warming needle moxibustion group (68 cases), a HESPT group (68 cases) and a point-injection group (69 cases). In the warming needle moxibustion group, the main points of Xuehai (SP 10), Neixiyan (EX-LE4), Waixiyan (EX-LE5), Dubi (ST 35), Zusanli (ST 36) and Yanglingquan (GB 34), and the adjunct points of Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), on the affected side, were chosen for stimulation. In the HESPT group, tenderness points, the main points of Liangqiu (ST 34), Xuehai (SP 10), Neixiyan (EX-LE4), Waixiyan (EX-LE5) and Zusanli (ST 36), and the adjunct points of Yinlingquan (SP 9), Weizhong (BL 40) and Chengshan (BL 57), were chosen. After proper manipulation, Corydalis decumbens Pers. liquid was injected into the points and a high-frequency electric sparkle was applied to stimulate the needles for 30 seconds. In the point-injection group, point injection was performed with the same method, but the patients did not receive electric stimulation. The Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the Lysholm Knee Score Scale (LKSS) and the ROM (Range of Motion) scale were used to evaluate the severity of KOA and the function of knee joints before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. Finally, the Nimodipine method was used to assess the total curative effect. Results: After HESPT treatment, the scores for pain, morning stiffness and swelling were significantly lower (P<0.01) and LKSS index and ROM were much higher (P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively) compared to the two other groups. The obviously effective rate and total effective rate were also significantly higher in the HESPT group than in the two other groups (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion: HESPT can improve joint function in KOA patients, and the curative effect is better than for warming needle moxibustion or point-injection only.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42227901)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR21D060002 and LGF21D060002)the Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(311021004)。
文摘The Geostationary Orbiting Satellite(GOS)offers extensive opportunities for the study of oceanic internal waves(IWs)through high-frequency observations.In this study,the spatial and temporal distributions of sunglint from 3 GOSs(Himawari-8,FY-4A,and GK-2A)were calculated,and the observation times of IWs in various seas were also recorded.The GOS can continuously observe IWs at a frequency of 10 min for 2 to 3 h.As demonstrated by the application to IWs in the Andaman Sea,the GOS effectively captures the surface features of IWs,including soliton number,the length and wavelength of the leading wave,and the speed and direction of propagation.Furthermore,the GOS can be used to track the dynamic processes of IWs within a short duration and provide more accurate“instantaneous”phase speeds.In the case of the Indonesian Seas,the average error of the GOS-derived phase speeds is 0.13 m/s compared to the Korteweg–de Vries phase speeds.Additionally,a 7-day observation from FY-4A suggests the possibility of diurnal IWs in the Sulu Sea.The advent of high-temporal-resolution GOS provides an enriched dataset for oceanic IW studies,which will contribute greatly to a more comprehensive understanding of IW mechanisms.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program(No.2023YFB3709900)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20171)+2 种基金China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation(No.BWLCF202315)the High Steel Center(HSC)at North China University of TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing,China.
文摘The characteristics of nonmetallic inclusions formed during steel production have a significant influence on steel performance.In this paper,studies on inclusions using confocal scanning laser microscopy(CSLM)are reviewed and summarized,particularly the col-lision of various inclusions,dissolution of inclusions in liquid slag,and reactions between inclusions and steel.Solid inclusions exhibited a high collision tendency,whereas pure liquid inclusions exhibited minimal collisions because of the small attraction force induced by their<90°contact angle with molten steel.The collision of complex inclusions in molten steel was not included in the scope of this study and should be evaluated in future studies.Higher CaO/Al_(2)O_(3)and CaO/SiO_(2)ratios in liquid slag promoted the dissolution of Al_(2)O_(3)-based in-clusions.The formation of solid phases in the slag should be prevented to improve dissolution of inclusions.To accurately simulate the dissolution of inclusions in liquid slag,in-situ observation of the dissolution of inclusions at the steel-slag interface is necessary.Using a combination of CSLM and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,the composition and morphological evolution of the inclusions during their modification by the dissolved elements in steel were observed and analyzed.Although the in-situ observa-tion of MnS and TiN precipitations has been widely studied,the in-situ observation of the evolution of oxide inclusions in steel during so-lidification and heating processes has rarely been reported.The effects of temperature,heating and cooling rates,and inclusion character-istics on the formation of acicular ferrites(AFs)have been widely studied.At a cooling rate of 3-5 K/s,the order of AF growth rate in-duced by different inclusions,as reported in literature,is Ti-O<Ti-Ca-Zr-Al-O<Mg-O<Ti-Zr-Al-O<Mn-Ti-Al-O<Ti-Al-O<Zr-Ti-Al-O.Further comprehensive experiments are required to investigate the quantitative relationship between the formation of AFs and inclusions.
文摘China has a long history of coal mining,among which open-pit coal mines have a large number of small coal mine goafs underground.The distribution,shape,structure and other characteristics of goafs are isolated and discontinuous,and there is no definite geological law to follow,which seriously threatens the safety of coal mine production and personnel life.Conventional ground geophysical methods have low accuracy in detecting goaf areas affected by mechanical interference from open-pit mines,especially for waterless goaf areas,which cannot be detected by existing methods.This article proposes the use of high-frequency electromagnetic waves for goaf detection.The feasibility of using drilling radar to detect goaf was theoretically analyzed,and a goaf detection model was established.The response characteristics of different fillers in the goaf under different frequencies of high-frequency electromagnetic waves were simulated and analyzed.In a certain open-pit mine in Inner Mongolia,100MHz high-frequency electromagnetic waves were used to detect the goaf through directional drilling on the ground.After detection,excavation verification was carried out,and the location of one goaf detected was verified.The results of engineering practice show that the application of high-frequency electromagnetic waves in goaf detection expands the detection radius of boreholes,has the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy,and has important theoretical and practical significance.
基金supported by Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy,Shanghai University(SKLASS-2023-Z13)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.19DZ2270200)+1 种基金A portion of the work was performed at US National High Magnetic Field Laboratory,which is supported by the National Science Foundation(Cooperative Agreement No.DMR-1157490 and DMR-1644779)the State of Florida.Thanks also to Mary Tyler for editing.
文摘The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution kinetics of primary carbides during either heating or soaking.Dissolution of carbides proceeded in three stages(fast→slow→faster)as either temperature or holding time was increased.During the heating process and during the first and third stages of the soaking process,the original size of the carbides determined the steepness of the slope,but during the middle(“slow”)stage of the soaking process,the slope remained zero.The initial size of the carbides varied greatly,but their final dissolution temperature fell within the narrow range of 1210-1235℃,and the holding time remained within 50 min.Fractal analysis was used to study the morphological characteristics of small and medium-sized carbides during the dissolution process.According to changes in the fractal dimension before and after soaking,the carbides tended to evolve towards a more regular morphology.
文摘The Macao satellites differ from their predecessors in their orbits:MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite-1)is in low inclination and the planned MSS-2 will be in highly elliptical orbits.This paper reviews the fundamental advantages and disadvantages of the different possible magnetic measurements:the component(declination,intensity,etc.)and location(satellite,ground,etc.).When planning a survey the choice of component is the"What?"question;the choice of location the"Where?"question.Results from potential theory inform the choice of measurement and data analysis.For example,knowing the vertical component of magnetic field provides a solution for the full magnetic field everywhere in the potential region.This is the familiar Neumann problem.In reality this ideal dataset is never available.In the past we were restricted to declination data only,then direction only,then total intensity only.There have also been large swathes of Earth's surface with no measurements at all(MSS-1 is restricted to latitudes below).These incomplete datasets throw up new questions for potential theory,questions that have some intriguing answers.When only declination is known uniqueness is provided by horizontal intensity measurements on a single line joining the dip-poles.When only directions are involved uniqueness is provided by a single intensity measurement,at least in principle.Paleomagnetic intensities can help.When only total intensity is known,as was largely the case in the early satellite era,uniqueness is provided by a precise location of the magnetic equator.Holes in the data distribution is a familiar problem in geophysical studies.All magnetic measurements sample,to a greater or lesser extent,the potential field everywhere.There is a trade-off between measurements close to the source,good for small targets and high resolution,and the broader sample of a distant measurement.The sampling of a measurement is given by the appropriate Green's function of the Laplacian,which determines both the resolution and scope of the measurement.For example,radial and horizontal measurements near the Earth's surface give a weighted average of the radial component over a patch of the core surface beneath the measurement site about in radius.The patch is smaller for shallower surfaces,for example from satellite to ground.Holes in the data distribution do not correspond to similar holes at the source surface;the price paid is in resolution of the source.I argue that,in the past,we have been too reluctant to take advantage of incomplete and apparently hopeless datasets.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Mechanism of Improving Cardiac Remodelling in Post-infarction Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy through lncRNA-Maternally Expressed Gene3/miR-223/Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 Calcium Signalling Axis by Activate Blood and Reassure Formula (No. 81973682)National Social Science Fund:Study on the Verification and Construction of the Theory System of Sanjiao Phase Fire and Yang Support Under the View of Civilisation Traceability (No. 21VJXG037)+1 种基金First Published:a Randomised Controlled Study of Fuyang Qiangxin Tang in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Heart Failure (2024-1-4151)Project for Enhancing Clinical Research and Achievement Transformation Capabilities of High-Level Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitals:Evaluation of the Efficacy and Preclinical Study of Fuyang Qiangxin Granules, a Traditional Chinese Medicine for Heart Failure (HLCMHPP2023045)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical observation of white eye distribution characteristics of hyperlipidemic patients based on artificial intelligence digital eye diagnosis technology.METHODS:One hundred and fifty subjects were examined in the outpatient and inpatient departments of Guang'anmen Hospital of the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 01 February 2022 to 01 February 2023,including 80 cases in the hyperlipidemic patient(HLP)group and 70 cases in the normal lipid level patient(NC)group.The two groups were collected and extracted by the artificial intelligence visual diagnostic instrument and analyzed by the MyEyeD-10 white eye shadowless imaging health intelligence analysis system.Finally,SPSS 26.0(Version X;IBM Corp.,Armonk,NY,USA)was used for statistical processing.RESULTS:Significant differences were noted in the scores of"spot"and"foggy"features between the two groups.Between groups,the"spot"feature score of the white eye morphology in the HLP group(11.07±3.22)was higher than that in the NC group(7.50±4.11)(P<0.01).Moreover,the"foggy"feature score of the eye morphology in the HLP group(8.37±2.25)was higher than that in the NC group(P<0.01),higher than that of the NC group(5.72±1.21)(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the"A"(stomach),"B","O"(spleen),and"M"(liver)eye-contact region scores between the two groups,and the"B","O"(spleen)and"M"(liver)eye-contact region scores were significantly different.The scores of the white eye channel region in the HLP group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with the"A","B",and"O"regions(P<0.01),"M"region(P<0.01),"A","B","O",and"M"region(P<0.01)."M"zone(P<0.05).The scores of"dull red"and"yellow"features were significantly different,and the scores of"dull red"and"yellow"colors of the white eye choroid in the HLP group were significantly higher than those in the HLP group.The scores of"dull red"and"yellow"were significantly higher in the HLP group than in the NC group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The morphological features of the white eye ocular image,the white eye chakra's color,and the bulbar conjunctiva's vascular zoning are closely related to hyperlipidemia.Importantly,these provide a reference for the objectivity and precision of the identification of Chinese medicine by looking at the eyes.
基金support from the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grants No.12293031 and No.61905252)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.12022308)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grants No.2021YFC2202200 and No.2021YFC2202204).
文摘Adaptive optics(AO)has significantly advanced high-resolution solar observations by mitigating atmospheric turbulence.However,traditional post-focal AO systems suffer from external configurations that introduce excessive optical surfaces,reduced light throughput,and instrumental polarization.To address these limitations,we propose an embedded solar adaptive optics telescope(ESAOT)that intrinsically incorporates the solar AO(SAO)subsystem within the telescope's optical train,featuring a co-designed correction chain with a single Hartmann-Shack full-wavefront sensor(HS f-WFS)and a deformable secondary mirror(DSM).The HS f-WFS uses temporal-spatial hybrid sampling technique to simultane-ously resolve tip-tilt and high-order aberrations,while the DSM performs real-time compensation through adaptive modal optimization.This unified architecture achieves symmetrical polarization suppression and high system throughput by min-imizing optical surfaces.A 600 mm ESAOT prototype incorporating a 12×12 micro-lens array HS f-WFS and 61-actuator piezoelectric DSM has been developed and successfully conducted on-sky photospheric observations.Validations in-cluding turbulence simulations,optical bench testing,and practical observations at the Lijiang observatory collectively confirm the system's capability to maintain aboutλ/10 wavefront error during active region tracking.This architectural breakthrough of the ESAOT addresses long-standing SAO integration challenges in solar astronomy and provides scala-bility analyses confirming direct applicability to the existing and future large solar observation facilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72032006 and 92146005).
文摘Salience theory has been proposed as a new stock trading strategy.To assess the validity of this proposal,a complex decision trading system was constructed based on salience theory,a variational mode decomposition(VMD)model,a bidirectional gated recurrent unit(BiGRU)model,and high-frequency trading.The system selected 30 Chinese new energy concept stocks,ranked the stocks using salience theory,and selected the top and bottom three stocks for two portfolios.Twelve stages were established,following which the VMD and BiGRU models were applied to the predictions.The final predicted annualized returns for the high ST(salience theory value)group A(GA)and low ST group B(GB)were 194.06%and 165.88%,respectively.This finding validates the powerful utility of salience theory and deep learning to analyze the Chinese new energy market.Moreover,it explains the theoretical practicality issues that the short selling restriction is the essential reason,or even perhaps the only reason,that leads to the strength of salience theory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62101587)the National Funded Postdoctoral Researcher Program of China(No.GZC20233578)。
文摘Micro-nano Earth Observation Satellite(MEOS)constellation has the advantages of low construction cost,short revisit cycle,and high functional density,which is considered a promising solution for serving rapidly growing observation demands.The observation Scheduling Problem in the MEOS constellation(MEOSSP)is a challenging issue due to the large number of satellites and tasks,as well as complex observation constraints.To address the large-scale and complicated MEOSSP,we develop a Two-Stage Scheduling Algorithm based on the Pointer Network with Attention mechanism(TSSA-PNA).In TSSA-PNA,the MEOS observation scheduling is decomposed into a task allocation stage and a single-MEOS scheduling stage.In the task allocation stage,an adaptive task allocation algorithm with four problem-specific allocation operators is proposed to reallocate the unscheduled tasks to new MEOSs.Regarding the single-MEOS scheduling stage,we design a pointer network based on the encoder-decoder architecture to learn the optimal singleMEOS scheduling solution and introduce the attention mechanism into the encoder to improve the learning efficiency.The Pointer Network with Attention mechanism(PNA)can generate the single-MEOS scheduling solution quickly in an end-to-end manner.These two decomposed stages are performed iteratively to search for the solution with high profit.A greedy local search algorithm is developed to improve the profits further.The performance of the PNA and TSSA-PNA on singleMEOS and multi-MEOS scheduling problems are evaluated in the experiments.The experimental results demonstrate that PNA can obtain the approximate solution for the single-MEOS scheduling problem in a short time.Besides,the TSSA-PNA can achieve higher observation profits than the existing scheduling algorithms within the acceptable computational time for the large-scale MEOS scheduling problem.
