Silicon carbide(SiC)junction barrier Schottky(JBS)diode has been widely used in power electronic systems due to its excellent physical characteristics and electrical performance,and the structural design of its source...Silicon carbide(SiC)junction barrier Schottky(JBS)diode has been widely used in power electronic systems due to its excellent physical characteristics and electrical performance,and the structural design of its source area has a particularly significant impact on the performance.This study provides a comparative analysis of the SiC JBS diode performance of different hexagonal structures,aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the optimization of JBS diode performance.Through theoretical derivation,experimental verification and data processing,the paper deeply analyzes the influence of hexagonal structure on JBS diode current distribution and breakdown voltage,and proposes a targeted optimization strategy.展开更多
Enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode materials,specifically oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),at lower operating temperatures(<600℃)is the prime rank to realize the commercialization of solid oxid...Enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode materials,specifically oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),at lower operating temperatures(<600℃)is the prime rank to realize the commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)research.Herein,a new hexagonal structure-based cathode material was developed with the co-doping of Gd_(2)O_(3)and Cr_(2)O_(3)of parent SrFe_(12)O_(19)oxide,respectively.At 550-475℃,Sr_(0.90)Gd_(0.10)Fe_(11.90)Cr_(0.10)O_(19)(SFO-10)cathode sample leading to the large peak power density(PPD)of 395 mW/cm^(2),has appropriate surface oxygen defects(O_(β))up to 17%,as verified by X-ray photoelectron microscopy(XPS).Theoretical calculations reveal that the co-doping of Gd and Cr oxides creates lattice disorder at the hexagonal lattice,which decreases the energy barrier for ion transport and enhances the electrocatalytic characteristics of ORR.Consequently,the SFO-10 cathode shows a favorable ORR activity with the least lower polarization resistance(ASR)at 550℃with gadolinium-doped ceria(GDC)electrolyte.This work provides a self-assembled single-phase hexagonal cathode to accelerate the lowtemperature hindrance of SOFC technology.展开更多
The structural, magnetic properties, and electronic structures of hexagonal Fe Co Sn compounds with as-annealed bulk and ribbon states were investigated by x-ray powder diffraction（XRD）, differential scanning calori...The structural, magnetic properties, and electronic structures of hexagonal Fe Co Sn compounds with as-annealed bulk and ribbon states were investigated by x-ray powder diffraction（XRD）, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, magnetic measurements, and first-principles calculations. Results indicate that both states of FeCoSn show an Ni_2In-type hexagonal structure with a small amount of FeCo-rich secondary phase. The Curie temperatures are located at 257 K and 229 K, respectively. The corresponding magnetizations are 2.57 μB/f.u. and 2.94 μB/f.u. at 5 K with a field of 50 kOe（1 Oe = 79.5775 A·m^（-1））. The orbital hybridizations between 3 d elements are analyzed from the distribution of density of states（DOS）, showing that Fe atoms carry the main magnetic moments and determine the electronic structure around Fermi level. A peak of DOS at Fermi level accounts for the presence of the FeCo-rich secondary phase. The Ni_2In-type hexagonal FeCoSn compound can be used during the isostructural alloying for tuning phase transitions.展开更多
Carbon graphite is a crystalline form of carbon consisting of layers of hexagonal carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional “graphene” structure. Graphene layers are stacked on top of each other, forming a three-di...Carbon graphite is a crystalline form of carbon consisting of layers of hexagonal carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional “graphene” structure. Graphene layers are stacked on top of each other, forming a three-dimensional structure with a high degree of anisotropy. The carbon atoms within each layer are linked together by strong covalent bonds, creating a strong, stable lattice structure. However, the layers themselves are held together by weak van der Waals forces, enabling them to slide easily over each other. The properties of carbon graphite are highly dependent on the orientation and alignment of the graphene layers. When the layers are aligned parallel to each other, the material exhibits high strength and stiffness along the alignment direction, but is weaker and more flexible in other directions. Carbon graphite is used in a variety of applications where high strength, rigidity and electrical conductivity are required. Some common applications include electrical contacts, electric motor brushes, and as a structural material in aerospace and defense applications. The aim of our work is to describe the structure of graphite, its physical and chemical properties and its applications.展开更多
Recently,various topics on high-entropy alloys have been reported and great amounts of excellent properties have been investigated,including high strength,great corrosion resistance,great thermal stability,good fatigu...Recently,various topics on high-entropy alloys have been reported and great amounts of excellent properties have been investigated,including high strength,great corrosion resistance,great thermal stability,good fatigue and fracture properties,etc.Among all these research activities,high-entropy alloys tend to form face-centered-cubic(FCC)or body-centeredcubic(BCC)solid solutions due to their high-entropy stabilization effect,while the hexagonal structures are rarely reported.Up to now,the reported hexagonal high-entropy alloys are mainly composed of rare-earth elements and transitional elements.Their phase transformation and magnetic properties have also aroused wide concern.This study summarizes the above results and provides the forecast to the future.展开更多
Sn-doped In2O3（ITO） nano-powders were prepared by hydrothermal-calcining process. Using SnCl4·5H2O and In as starting materials, the crystallites were characterized by XRD, TEM and BET. The effects of the condi...Sn-doped In2O3（ITO） nano-powders were prepared by hydrothermal-calcining process. Using SnCl4·5H2O and In as starting materials, the crystallites were characterized by XRD, TEM and BET. The effects of the conditions on the product were investigated. The results show that the phase of hydrothermal precursor obtained by hydrothermal process is related to the temperature of hydrothermal reaction, i.e., the phases are amorphous In（OH）3 in 160-180℃; In（OH）3 crystal in 200℃ and （In 1-x Snx）OOH crystal in 200-300℃. ITO nano-powders with hexagonal structure and average size of 65 nm are obtained by calcining the precursor derived from the hydrothermal process at 350-650℃. The BET of ITO crystal can reach 84.0234m2·g -1 .展开更多
By employing zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials, ultrafine ZnO powders with different morphologies were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal method. The influences of the reaction temperature,...By employing zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials, ultrafine ZnO powders with different morphologies were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal method. The influences of the reaction temperature, the OH-/Zn2＋ mol ratio and the reaction time on the morphologies of the ZnO powders were discussed. The reaction conditions were obtained, under which the ZnO of flower-like particles, micro-rods and flake particles was synthesized, respectively. The crystal structures and morphologies of those ZnO particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The ZnO with flower-like structures was composed of lots of micro-rods with hexagon morphology. The XRD patterns indicated that the ZnO powders were hexagonal wurtzite structures with high purity. Finally, the growth mechanism of the ZnO particles was discussed.展开更多
A hybrid first-principles/Monte Carlo simulation is combined with experiments to study the structure and elastic properties of CoCrNi_x(x=1-0.5)alloys.The experimental X-ray diffraction patterns show that the structur...A hybrid first-principles/Monte Carlo simulation is combined with experiments to study the structure and elastic properties of CoCrNi_x(x=1-0.5)alloys.The experimental X-ray diffraction patterns show that the structures have changed from the single-phase face-centered cubic(FCC)structure at x=1-0.8 to the coexistence of FCC and the hexagonal close-packed structures at x=0.7-0.5,which is further confirmed by calculations on mixing energies.The elastic moduli by calculation are basically in agreement with experiments.Room-temperature tension shows that the six alloys have a certain plasticity,the strength and plasticity of the alloys have a linear decrease with the decrease in Ni contents,and the plasticity of the alloys drops from 84 to 23%.Furthermore,first-principles density function theory calculations were employed to reveal the electronic and magnetic structures of alloys.The electron density of states for all alloys is asymmetrical,which illustrates that the alloys are ferromagnetism.It is found that Cr atoms can suppress the ferromagnetism of alloys,since Cr atoms have both positive and negative magnetic moments in all alloys.展开更多
ZnO thin films were deposited on n-Si （111） at various substrate temperatures by pulsed laser deposition （PLD）. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, photoluminescence （PL）, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer （F...ZnO thin films were deposited on n-Si （111） at various substrate temperatures by pulsed laser deposition （PLD）. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, photoluminescence （PL）, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer （FTIR）, and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were used to analyze the structure, morphology, and optical property of the ZnO thin films. An optimal crystallized ZnO thin film was obtained at the substrate temperature of 600℃. A blue shift was found in PL spectra due to size confinement effect as the grain sizes decreased. The surfaces of the ZnO thin films were more planar and compact as the substrate temperature increased.展开更多
Large quantities of gallium nitride(GaN) nanowires have been prepared via ammoniating the Ga2O3 films deposited on the oxidized aluminum layer at 950 ℃ in a quartz tube. The nanowires have been confirmed as crystalli...Large quantities of gallium nitride(GaN) nanowires have been prepared via ammoniating the Ga2O3 films deposited on the oxidized aluminum layer at 950 ℃ in a quartz tube. The nanowires have been confirmed as crystalline wurtzite GaN by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry scanning electron microscope and selected-area electron diffraction. Transmission electron microscope(TEM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) reveal that the nanowires are amorphous and irregular, with diameters ranging from 30 nm to 80 nm and lengths up to tens of microns. Selected-area electron diffraction indicates that the nanowire with the hexagonal wurtzite structure is the single crystalline. The growth mechanism is discussed briefly.展开更多
With Zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials,while polyethylene glycol employed as dispersant agent, ultrafine zinc oxide powder was synthesized by hydrothermal method.Influence of NaOH concentration on mor...With Zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials,while polyethylene glycol employed as dispersant agent, ultrafine zinc oxide powder was synthesized by hydrothermal method.Influence of NaOH concentration on morphology of ZnO powder was studied.The as-synthesized ZnO powder looked like flower cluster and consisted of microrods with hexagonal morphologies.The crystal structure and optical property of the as-prepared powder were also characterized using XRD,UV-visible absorption spectrum and photoluminescence spectrum.The results indicate that ZnO powder is of hexagonal wurtzite structure and well crystallized with high purity.There is a strong excitation absorption peak at 300 nm in UV-visible absorption spectrum and blue shift exists obviously.The optical property of ZnO powder is excellent.展开更多
Scandium-doped aluminum nitride(AlScN)with an asymmetric hexagonal wurtzite structure exhibits enhanced second-order nonlinear and piezoelectric properties compared to aluminum nitride(AlN),while maintaining a relativ...Scandium-doped aluminum nitride(AlScN)with an asymmetric hexagonal wurtzite structure exhibits enhanced second-order nonlinear and piezoelectric properties compared to aluminum nitride(AlN),while maintaining a relatively large bandgap.It provides a promising platform for photonic circuits and facilitates the seamless integration of passive and active functional devices.Here,we present the design,fabrication,and characterization of Al_(0.904)Sc_(0.096)N electro-optic(EO)micro-ring modulators,introducing active functionalities to the chip-scale AlScN platform.These waveguide-integrated EO modulators utilize sputtered Al_(0.904)Sc_(0.096)N thin films as the light-guiding medium,with the entire fabrication process being compatible with complementary metaloxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology.We extract the in-device effective EO coefficient of 2.86 pm/V at12 GHz.The devices show a minimum half-wave voltage-length product of 3.12 V·cm at a modulation frequency of 14 GHz,and achieve a 3-dB modulation bandwidth of approximately 22 GHz.Our work provides a promising modulation scheme for cost-effective silicon-integrated photonics systems.展开更多
Hybrid density functional calculations was used to comprehensively study the electronic structure of S-,Snand Pb-monodoped and（Sn,S）-and（Pb,S）-codoped hexagonal WO_3（h-WO_3）in order to improve their visible ligh...Hybrid density functional calculations was used to comprehensively study the electronic structure of S-,Snand Pb-monodoped and（Sn,S）-and（Pb,S）-codoped hexagonal WO_3（h-WO_3）in order to improve their visible light photocatalytic activity.Results indicate that the（Sn,S）-and（Pb,S）-codoped h-WO_3 can realize a significant band gap reduction and prevent the formation of empty states in the valence band of h-WO_3,while Sn/Pb-monodoped h-WO_3 cannot,because in（Sn,S）-and（Pb,S）-codoping,the S-doping introduces the fully occupied S 3p states in the forbidden band gap of h-WO_3 and the acceptor metals（Sn and Pb）would assist the coupling of the introduced S with its nearest O.In particular,the（Sn,S）-codoped h-WO_3 has the narrowest band gap of 1.85 eV and highest reducing ability among the doped case.Moreover,the calculated optical absorption spectra show that（Sn,S）-codoping can improve the visible light absorption.In short,these results indicate that the（Sn,S）-codoped h-WO_3 is a promising material in solar-driven water splitting.展开更多
The super microporous tin-doped zirconium oxides were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method using zirconyl chloride as Zr source, tin chloride as Sn source and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTMAB） as template...The super microporous tin-doped zirconium oxides were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method using zirconyl chloride as Zr source, tin chloride as Sn source and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTMAB） as template under hydrothermal or refluxing conditions. The structures of the resultant materials were characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, TG-DTA, XRF and HRTEM techniques. Experimental results indicated that the framework of the samples is typically ordered hexagonal structure. The surface area and pore volume of the materials prepared by refluxing method were larger than by hydrothermal method, but the ordering of pore distributions is lower. The thermal stability of the samples was relatively high （〉773 K） and decreased with the increment of tin content.展开更多
文摘Silicon carbide(SiC)junction barrier Schottky(JBS)diode has been widely used in power electronic systems due to its excellent physical characteristics and electrical performance,and the structural design of its source area has a particularly significant impact on the performance.This study provides a comparative analysis of the SiC JBS diode performance of different hexagonal structures,aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the optimization of JBS diode performance.Through theoretical derivation,experimental verification and data processing,the paper deeply analyzes the influence of hexagonal structure on JBS diode current distribution and breakdown voltage,and proposes a targeted optimization strategy.
基金Project supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Nanjing(NINGJIAOGAOSHI 2021 No.16)。
文摘Enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode materials,specifically oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),at lower operating temperatures(<600℃)is the prime rank to realize the commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)research.Herein,a new hexagonal structure-based cathode material was developed with the co-doping of Gd_(2)O_(3)and Cr_(2)O_(3)of parent SrFe_(12)O_(19)oxide,respectively.At 550-475℃,Sr_(0.90)Gd_(0.10)Fe_(11.90)Cr_(0.10)O_(19)(SFO-10)cathode sample leading to the large peak power density(PPD)of 395 mW/cm^(2),has appropriate surface oxygen defects(O_(β))up to 17%,as verified by X-ray photoelectron microscopy(XPS).Theoretical calculations reveal that the co-doping of Gd and Cr oxides creates lattice disorder at the hexagonal lattice,which decreases the energy barrier for ion transport and enhances the electrocatalytic characteristics of ORR.Consequently,the SFO-10 cathode shows a favorable ORR activity with the least lower polarization resistance(ASR)at 550℃with gadolinium-doped ceria(GDC)electrolyte.This work provides a self-assembled single-phase hexagonal cathode to accelerate the lowtemperature hindrance of SOFC technology.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51431009 and 51271038)the Joint NSFC-ISF Research Program+1 种基金Jointly Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Israel Science Foundation(Grant No.51561145003)
文摘The structural, magnetic properties, and electronic structures of hexagonal Fe Co Sn compounds with as-annealed bulk and ribbon states were investigated by x-ray powder diffraction（XRD）, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, magnetic measurements, and first-principles calculations. Results indicate that both states of FeCoSn show an Ni_2In-type hexagonal structure with a small amount of FeCo-rich secondary phase. The Curie temperatures are located at 257 K and 229 K, respectively. The corresponding magnetizations are 2.57 μB/f.u. and 2.94 μB/f.u. at 5 K with a field of 50 kOe（1 Oe = 79.5775 A·m^（-1））. The orbital hybridizations between 3 d elements are analyzed from the distribution of density of states（DOS）, showing that Fe atoms carry the main magnetic moments and determine the electronic structure around Fermi level. A peak of DOS at Fermi level accounts for the presence of the FeCo-rich secondary phase. The Ni_2In-type hexagonal FeCoSn compound can be used during the isostructural alloying for tuning phase transitions.
文摘Carbon graphite is a crystalline form of carbon consisting of layers of hexagonal carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional “graphene” structure. Graphene layers are stacked on top of each other, forming a three-dimensional structure with a high degree of anisotropy. The carbon atoms within each layer are linked together by strong covalent bonds, creating a strong, stable lattice structure. However, the layers themselves are held together by weak van der Waals forces, enabling them to slide easily over each other. The properties of carbon graphite are highly dependent on the orientation and alignment of the graphene layers. When the layers are aligned parallel to each other, the material exhibits high strength and stiffness along the alignment direction, but is weaker and more flexible in other directions. Carbon graphite is used in a variety of applications where high strength, rigidity and electrical conductivity are required. Some common applications include electrical contacts, electric motor brushes, and as a structural material in aerospace and defense applications. The aim of our work is to describe the structure of graphite, its physical and chemical properties and its applications.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 51671020)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. FRF-MP-19-013)。
文摘Recently,various topics on high-entropy alloys have been reported and great amounts of excellent properties have been investigated,including high strength,great corrosion resistance,great thermal stability,good fatigue and fracture properties,etc.Among all these research activities,high-entropy alloys tend to form face-centered-cubic(FCC)or body-centeredcubic(BCC)solid solutions due to their high-entropy stabilization effect,while the hexagonal structures are rarely reported.Up to now,the reported hexagonal high-entropy alloys are mainly composed of rare-earth elements and transitional elements.Their phase transformation and magnetic properties have also aroused wide concern.This study summarizes the above results and provides the forecast to the future.
基金Project(2001BA901A09) supported by the National Western Development and Technique Foundation during the 10thFive-Year Plain Period
文摘Sn-doped In2O3（ITO） nano-powders were prepared by hydrothermal-calcining process. Using SnCl4·5H2O and In as starting materials, the crystallites were characterized by XRD, TEM and BET. The effects of the conditions on the product were investigated. The results show that the phase of hydrothermal precursor obtained by hydrothermal process is related to the temperature of hydrothermal reaction, i.e., the phases are amorphous In（OH）3 in 160-180℃; In（OH）3 crystal in 200℃ and （In 1-x Snx）OOH crystal in 200-300℃. ITO nano-powders with hexagonal structure and average size of 65 nm are obtained by calcining the precursor derived from the hydrothermal process at 350-650℃. The BET of ITO crystal can reach 84.0234m2·g -1 .
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51204054)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (No.N110402012)
文摘By employing zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials, ultrafine ZnO powders with different morphologies were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal method. The influences of the reaction temperature, the OH-/Zn2＋ mol ratio and the reaction time on the morphologies of the ZnO powders were discussed. The reaction conditions were obtained, under which the ZnO of flower-like particles, micro-rods and flake particles was synthesized, respectively. The crystal structures and morphologies of those ZnO particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The ZnO with flower-like structures was composed of lots of micro-rods with hexagon morphology. The XRD patterns indicated that the ZnO powders were hexagonal wurtzite structures with high purity. Finally, the growth mechanism of the ZnO particles was discussed.
基金the National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing(No.61420050204)Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(2019)+1 种基金opening project of the State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology(Beijing Institute of Technology,No.KFJJ20-13 M)Hua Tian would like to acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51901152)。
文摘A hybrid first-principles/Monte Carlo simulation is combined with experiments to study the structure and elastic properties of CoCrNi_x(x=1-0.5)alloys.The experimental X-ray diffraction patterns show that the structures have changed from the single-phase face-centered cubic(FCC)structure at x=1-0.8 to the coexistence of FCC and the hexagonal close-packed structures at x=0.7-0.5,which is further confirmed by calculations on mixing energies.The elastic moduli by calculation are basically in agreement with experiments.Room-temperature tension shows that the six alloys have a certain plasticity,the strength and plasticity of the alloys have a linear decrease with the decrease in Ni contents,and the plasticity of the alloys drops from 84 to 23%.Furthermore,first-principles density function theory calculations were employed to reveal the electronic and magnetic structures of alloys.The electron density of states for all alloys is asymmetrical,which illustrates that the alloys are ferromagnetism.It is found that Cr atoms can suppress the ferromagnetism of alloys,since Cr atoms have both positive and negative magnetic moments in all alloys.
基金This work was financially supported by the Key Research Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90301002 and No. 90201025)
文摘ZnO thin films were deposited on n-Si （111） at various substrate temperatures by pulsed laser deposition （PLD）. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, photoluminescence （PL）, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer （FTIR）, and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were used to analyze the structure, morphology, and optical property of the ZnO thin films. An optimal crystallized ZnO thin film was obtained at the substrate temperature of 600℃. A blue shift was found in PL spectra due to size confinement effect as the grain sizes decreased. The surfaces of the ZnO thin films were more planar and compact as the substrate temperature increased.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(90301002and90201025)
文摘Large quantities of gallium nitride(GaN) nanowires have been prepared via ammoniating the Ga2O3 films deposited on the oxidized aluminum layer at 950 ℃ in a quartz tube. The nanowires have been confirmed as crystalline wurtzite GaN by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry scanning electron microscope and selected-area electron diffraction. Transmission electron microscope(TEM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) reveal that the nanowires are amorphous and irregular, with diameters ranging from 30 nm to 80 nm and lengths up to tens of microns. Selected-area electron diffraction indicates that the nanowire with the hexagonal wurtzite structure is the single crystalline. The growth mechanism is discussed briefly.
基金Project(2007CB613603)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘With Zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials,while polyethylene glycol employed as dispersant agent, ultrafine zinc oxide powder was synthesized by hydrothermal method.Influence of NaOH concentration on morphology of ZnO powder was studied.The as-synthesized ZnO powder looked like flower cluster and consisted of microrods with hexagonal morphologies.The crystal structure and optical property of the as-prepared powder were also characterized using XRD,UV-visible absorption spectrum and photoluminescence spectrum.The results indicate that ZnO powder is of hexagonal wurtzite structure and well crystallized with high purity.There is a strong excitation absorption peak at 300 nm in UV-visible absorption spectrum and blue shift exists obviously.The optical property of ZnO powder is excellent.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20356,62205193,62204149)Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Sensing Chip TechnologyNatural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality(23ZR1442400)。
文摘Scandium-doped aluminum nitride(AlScN)with an asymmetric hexagonal wurtzite structure exhibits enhanced second-order nonlinear and piezoelectric properties compared to aluminum nitride(AlN),while maintaining a relatively large bandgap.It provides a promising platform for photonic circuits and facilitates the seamless integration of passive and active functional devices.Here,we present the design,fabrication,and characterization of Al_(0.904)Sc_(0.096)N electro-optic(EO)micro-ring modulators,introducing active functionalities to the chip-scale AlScN platform.These waveguide-integrated EO modulators utilize sputtered Al_(0.904)Sc_(0.096)N thin films as the light-guiding medium,with the entire fabrication process being compatible with complementary metaloxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology.We extract the in-device effective EO coefficient of 2.86 pm/V at12 GHz.The devices show a minimum half-wave voltage-length product of 3.12 V·cm at a modulation frequency of 14 GHz,and achieve a 3-dB modulation bandwidth of approximately 22 GHz.Our work provides a promising modulation scheme for cost-effective silicon-integrated photonics systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21476024, 21576008, 91334203 and 91634116)the National Key Technology Support Program (2014BAE12B01)+2 种基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (Z151100003315005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (PYCC1705)the “Chemical Grid Project” of BUCT
文摘Hybrid density functional calculations was used to comprehensively study the electronic structure of S-,Snand Pb-monodoped and（Sn,S）-and（Pb,S）-codoped hexagonal WO_3（h-WO_3）in order to improve their visible light photocatalytic activity.Results indicate that the（Sn,S）-and（Pb,S）-codoped h-WO_3 can realize a significant band gap reduction and prevent the formation of empty states in the valence band of h-WO_3,while Sn/Pb-monodoped h-WO_3 cannot,because in（Sn,S）-and（Pb,S）-codoping,the S-doping introduces the fully occupied S 3p states in the forbidden band gap of h-WO_3 and the acceptor metals（Sn and Pb）would assist the coupling of the introduced S with its nearest O.In particular,the（Sn,S）-codoped h-WO_3 has the narrowest band gap of 1.85 eV and highest reducing ability among the doped case.Moreover,the calculated optical absorption spectra show that（Sn,S）-codoping can improve the visible light absorption.In short,these results indicate that the（Sn,S）-codoped h-WO_3 is a promising material in solar-driven water splitting.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 20173026） and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （No. BK2005120）
文摘The super microporous tin-doped zirconium oxides were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method using zirconyl chloride as Zr source, tin chloride as Sn source and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTMAB） as template under hydrothermal or refluxing conditions. The structures of the resultant materials were characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, TG-DTA, XRF and HRTEM techniques. Experimental results indicated that the framework of the samples is typically ordered hexagonal structure. The surface area and pore volume of the materials prepared by refluxing method were larger than by hydrothermal method, but the ordering of pore distributions is lower. The thermal stability of the samples was relatively high （〉773 K） and decreased with the increment of tin content.
