Background The interplay between gut microbiota and tumor microenvironment(TME)in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer(CRC)is not well explored.Here,we elucidated the functional role of Bifidobacterium adolescentis(B...Background The interplay between gut microbiota and tumor microenvironment(TME)in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer(CRC)is not well explored.Here,we elucidated the functional role of Bifidobacterium adolescentis(B.a)on CRC and investigated its possible mechanism on the manipulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)in CRC.Methods Different CRC animal models and various cell line models were established to explore the function of B.a on CRC.The single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)or flow cytometry was used to detect the cell subsets in the TME of CRC.Western blot,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),or immunofluorescence staining were performed to examine the activation of Wnt signaling and growth arrest specific 1(GAS1)on CD143+CAFs.Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative real-time PCR(CHIP-qPCR)was performed to investigate the regulation of transcription factor 4(TCF4)on GAS1.Multi-immunofluorescence assay examined the expression level of CD143 and GAS1 on tissue microarray.Results We found that B.a abundance was significantly reduced in CRC patients from two independent cohorts and the bacteria database of GMrepo.Supplementation with B.a suppressed ApcMin/+spontaneous or AOM/DSS-induced tumorigenesis in mice.scRNA-seq revealed that B.a facilitated a subset of CD143+CAFs by inhibiting the infiltration of Th2 cells,while promoting the TNF-alpha+B cells in TME.CD143+CAFs highly expressed GAS1 and exhibited tumor suppressive effect.Mechanistically,GAS1 was activated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CD143+CAFs.B.a abundance was correlated with the expression level of CD143 and GAS1.The level of CD143+CAFs predicted the better survival outcome in CRC patients.Conclusions These results highlighted that B.a induced a new subset of CD143+CAFs by Wnt signaling-regulated GAS1 to suppress tumorigenesis and provided a novel therapeutic target for probiotic-based modulation of TME in CRC.展开更多
生长停滞特异基因1(growth arrest specific 1,GAS1)是一种表达于细胞中并编码抑制细胞生长的蛋白质,由于其结构特征,我们发现其能引起细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡。研究发现,GAS1与多种类型肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。本文讨论了GAS1的结构...生长停滞特异基因1(growth arrest specific 1,GAS1)是一种表达于细胞中并编码抑制细胞生长的蛋白质,由于其结构特征,我们发现其能引起细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡。研究发现,GAS1与多种类型肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。本文讨论了GAS1的结构、功能及其在肿瘤中的研究进展,并引入TCGA数据库分析结果进行印证。展开更多
Along with the consumption increase of the petroleum products, more countries have transferred their attentions to the offshore fields, especially the deepwater oil and gas reserves. For deepwater exploitation, the ri...Along with the consumption increase of the petroleum products, more countries have transferred their attentions to the offshore fields, especially the deepwater oil and gas reserves. For deepwater exploitation, the risers must be installed to act as the conduits connecting surface platforms to subsea facilities. In this paper, the typical risers sorted by different classes are introduced, and the correspondent installation methods are presented. By investigating the recent projects performed in the deepwater hot spots, and combining the challenges of HYSY20 l for riser installation, a lifting device developed for assisting riser installation is proposed and detailed to satisfy the installation of deepwater risers in the LW3-1 Gas Field of 1500 m in the South China Sea. Tests on both the functions and performances of such a new system exhibit the satisfaction of meeting all challenging requirements of HYSY201 for application to riser installation in waters up to a depth of 3000 m in the South China Sea.展开更多
In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity paramet...In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.展开更多
Objective At present, there is controversy regarding the existence of marine-terrestrial transitional facies that can act as a source of shale gas. This detailed study of Carboniferous-Permian age geological data from...Objective At present, there is controversy regarding the existence of marine-terrestrial transitional facies that can act as a source of shale gas. This detailed study of Carboniferous-Permian age geological data from the northern Shaanxi area （China） provides new insight for this type of shale gas. In addition, a new deposition and accumulation pattern for this type of shale gas is established.展开更多
Tofigure out the process and controlling factors of gas reservoir formation in deep-waters,based on an analysis of geological features,source of natural gas and process of reservoir formation in the Liwan 3-1 gasfield...Tofigure out the process and controlling factors of gas reservoir formation in deep-waters,based on an analysis of geological features,source of natural gas and process of reservoir formation in the Liwan 3-1 gasfield,physical simulation experiment of the gas reservoir formation process has been performed,consequently,pattern and features of gas reservoir formation in the Baiyun sag has been found out.The results of the experiment show that:①the formation of the Liwan 3-1 faulted anticline gasfield is closely related to the longstanding active large faults,where natural gas is composed of a high proportion of hydrocarbons,a small amount of non-hydrocarbons,and the wet gas generated during highly mature stage shows obvious vertical migration signs;②liquid hydrocarbons associated with natural gas there are derived from source rock of the Enping&Zhuhai Formation,whereas natural gas comes mainly from source rock of the Enping Formation,and source rock of the Wenchang Formation made a little contribution during the early Eocene period as well;③although there was gas migration and accumulation,yet most of the natural gas mainly scattered and dispersed due to the stronger activity of faults in the early period;later as fault activity gradually weakened,gas started to accumulate into reservoirs in the Baiyun sag;④there is stronger vertical migration of oil and gas than lateral migration,and the places where fault links effective source rocks with reservoirs are most likely for gas accumulation;⑤effective temporal-spatial coupling of source-fault-reservoir in late stage is the key to gas reservoir formation in the Baiyun sag;⑥the nearer the distance from a trap to a large-scale fault and hydrocarbon source kitchen,the more likely gas may accumulate in the trap in late stage,therefore gas accumulation efficiency is much lower for the traps which are far away from large-scale faults and hydrocarbon source kitchens.展开更多
Powder extrusion, which is based on the superplastic behavior of Zn-22%A1 eutectoid alloy, was proposed to reduce the forming load and promises to provide fine microstructures in the manufacture of miniature helical g...Powder extrusion, which is based on the superplastic behavior of Zn-22%A1 eutectoid alloy, was proposed to reduce the forming load and promises to provide fine microstructures in the manufacture of miniature helical gears. The specifications of the helical gears were as follows： module, 0.3; number of teeth, 12; and helix angle, 15°. Compacted powders were consolidated by sintering and solution heat treatment. The consolidated billets consisted of lamellar and fine-grained microstructures. Extrusion experiments were carried out under the following conditions： temperature, 250 ℃; strain rates, 2.36× 10-3 s^-1 and 1.18× 10^-1 s-1. The mechanical properties of the extruded helical gears were investigated by measurement of the Vickers hardness and extrusion load, and by scanning electron microscopy.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:82072623,82270573,82203618Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:LZ22H160002Zhejiang Province Medicine and Health Science and Technology Project,Grant/Award Numbers:2023KY722,2023KY785。
文摘Background The interplay between gut microbiota and tumor microenvironment(TME)in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer(CRC)is not well explored.Here,we elucidated the functional role of Bifidobacterium adolescentis(B.a)on CRC and investigated its possible mechanism on the manipulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)in CRC.Methods Different CRC animal models and various cell line models were established to explore the function of B.a on CRC.The single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)or flow cytometry was used to detect the cell subsets in the TME of CRC.Western blot,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),or immunofluorescence staining were performed to examine the activation of Wnt signaling and growth arrest specific 1(GAS1)on CD143+CAFs.Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative real-time PCR(CHIP-qPCR)was performed to investigate the regulation of transcription factor 4(TCF4)on GAS1.Multi-immunofluorescence assay examined the expression level of CD143 and GAS1 on tissue microarray.Results We found that B.a abundance was significantly reduced in CRC patients from two independent cohorts and the bacteria database of GMrepo.Supplementation with B.a suppressed ApcMin/+spontaneous or AOM/DSS-induced tumorigenesis in mice.scRNA-seq revealed that B.a facilitated a subset of CD143+CAFs by inhibiting the infiltration of Th2 cells,while promoting the TNF-alpha+B cells in TME.CD143+CAFs highly expressed GAS1 and exhibited tumor suppressive effect.Mechanistically,GAS1 was activated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CD143+CAFs.B.a abundance was correlated with the expression level of CD143 and GAS1.The level of CD143+CAFs predicted the better survival outcome in CRC patients.Conclusions These results highlighted that B.a induced a new subset of CD143+CAFs by Wnt signaling-regulated GAS1 to suppress tumorigenesis and provided a novel therapeutic target for probiotic-based modulation of TME in CRC.
文摘生长停滞特异基因1(growth arrest specific 1,GAS1)是一种表达于细胞中并编码抑制细胞生长的蛋白质,由于其结构特征,我们发现其能引起细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡。研究发现,GAS1与多种类型肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。本文讨论了GAS1的结构、功能及其在肿瘤中的研究进展,并引入TCGA数据库分析结果进行印证。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 50979113)the High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,Grant No. 2006AA09A105)
文摘Along with the consumption increase of the petroleum products, more countries have transferred their attentions to the offshore fields, especially the deepwater oil and gas reserves. For deepwater exploitation, the risers must be installed to act as the conduits connecting surface platforms to subsea facilities. In this paper, the typical risers sorted by different classes are introduced, and the correspondent installation methods are presented. By investigating the recent projects performed in the deepwater hot spots, and combining the challenges of HYSY20 l for riser installation, a lifting device developed for assisting riser installation is proposed and detailed to satisfy the installation of deepwater risers in the LW3-1 Gas Field of 1500 m in the South China Sea. Tests on both the functions and performances of such a new system exhibit the satisfaction of meeting all challenging requirements of HYSY201 for application to riser installation in waters up to a depth of 3000 m in the South China Sea.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40702024)the Project was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Education of China (No.2009022014)Open Research Foundation of Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources (China University of Geosciences),Ministry of Education (No.TPR-2009-33)
文摘In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.
基金funded by the Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey(No.1212011085516)Geological Survey Level 2 Project(No.121201103000150011)Basic Research Professional Expenses of CAGS(No. YYWF201609)
文摘Objective At present, there is controversy regarding the existence of marine-terrestrial transitional facies that can act as a source of shale gas. This detailed study of Carboniferous-Permian age geological data from the northern Shaanxi area （China） provides new insight for this type of shale gas. In addition, a new deposition and accumulation pattern for this type of shale gas is established.
基金National High Technology Research and Development Program of China“Fundamental Study on Formation and Distribution of Hydrocarbon Resources in Deep-water Basins,South China Sea”(No.2009CB219400).
文摘Tofigure out the process and controlling factors of gas reservoir formation in deep-waters,based on an analysis of geological features,source of natural gas and process of reservoir formation in the Liwan 3-1 gasfield,physical simulation experiment of the gas reservoir formation process has been performed,consequently,pattern and features of gas reservoir formation in the Baiyun sag has been found out.The results of the experiment show that:①the formation of the Liwan 3-1 faulted anticline gasfield is closely related to the longstanding active large faults,where natural gas is composed of a high proportion of hydrocarbons,a small amount of non-hydrocarbons,and the wet gas generated during highly mature stage shows obvious vertical migration signs;②liquid hydrocarbons associated with natural gas there are derived from source rock of the Enping&Zhuhai Formation,whereas natural gas comes mainly from source rock of the Enping Formation,and source rock of the Wenchang Formation made a little contribution during the early Eocene period as well;③although there was gas migration and accumulation,yet most of the natural gas mainly scattered and dispersed due to the stronger activity of faults in the early period;later as fault activity gradually weakened,gas started to accumulate into reservoirs in the Baiyun sag;④there is stronger vertical migration of oil and gas than lateral migration,and the places where fault links effective source rocks with reservoirs are most likely for gas accumulation;⑤effective temporal-spatial coupling of source-fault-reservoir in late stage is the key to gas reservoir formation in the Baiyun sag;⑥the nearer the distance from a trap to a large-scale fault and hydrocarbon source kitchen,the more likely gas may accumulate in the trap in late stage,therefore gas accumulation efficiency is much lower for the traps which are far away from large-scale faults and hydrocarbon source kitchens.
基金Project (2010-0008-277) supported by the NCRC (National Core Research Center) Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea,funded by the Ministry of Education,Science,and TechnologyProject (NRF-2009-K20601000004-09E0100-00410) supported by PNU-IFAM JRC
文摘Powder extrusion, which is based on the superplastic behavior of Zn-22%A1 eutectoid alloy, was proposed to reduce the forming load and promises to provide fine microstructures in the manufacture of miniature helical gears. The specifications of the helical gears were as follows： module, 0.3; number of teeth, 12; and helix angle, 15°. Compacted powders were consolidated by sintering and solution heat treatment. The consolidated billets consisted of lamellar and fine-grained microstructures. Extrusion experiments were carried out under the following conditions： temperature, 250 ℃; strain rates, 2.36× 10-3 s^-1 and 1.18× 10^-1 s-1. The mechanical properties of the extruded helical gears were investigated by measurement of the Vickers hardness and extrusion load, and by scanning electron microscopy.
