The primary objective of this work is to explore how drivers react to flashing green at signalized intersections. Through video taping and data procession based on photogrammetry, the operating speeds of vehicles befo...The primary objective of this work is to explore how drivers react to flashing green at signalized intersections. Through video taping and data procession based on photogrammetry, the operating speeds of vehicles before and after the moment when flashing green started was compared using paired-samples T-test. The critical distances between go and stop decisions was defined through cumulative percentage curve. The boundary of dilemma zone was determined by comparing stop distance and travel distance.Amber-running violation was analyzed on the basis of the travel time to the stop line. And finally, a logistic model for stop and go decisions was constructed. The results shows that the stopping ratios of the first vehicles of west-bound and east-bound approaches are 41.3% and 39.8%, respectively; the amber-light running violation ratios of two approaches are 31.6% and 25.4%, respectively;the operating speed growth ratios of first vehicles selecting to cross intersection after the moment when flashing green started are26.7% and 17.7%, respectively; and the critical distances are 48 m and 46 m, respectively, which are close to 44 m, the boundary of dilemma zone. The developed decision models demonstrate that the probability of go decision is higher when the distance from the stop line is shorter or operating speed is higher. This indicates that flashing green is an effective way to enhance intersection safety,but it should work together with a strict enforcement. In addition, traffic signs near critical distance and reasonable speed limitation are also beneficial to the safety of intersections.展开更多
This work presents NiS/graphene/carbon nanotube （NiS/GNS/CNT） composites as electrode material for the supercapacitor application in sea flashing signal systems. NiS nanosheets were closely anchored on the conductiv...This work presents NiS/graphene/carbon nanotube （NiS/GNS/CNT） composites as electrode material for the supercapacitor application in sea flashing signal systems. NiS nanosheets were closely anchored on the conductive GNS-CNT networks. As a result, the NiS/GNS/CNT electrode showed a high specific capacitance of 2 377 F.g^-1 at 2 mV.s^-1 and good cycling stability compared with the pure NiS （1 599F.g^-1）. The enhanced electrochemical performances are attributed to the synergetic effect between the conductive carbon and the pseudo-capacitive NiS. The high performance supercapacitor may provide application in the sea flashing signal system.展开更多
A flashing correlation ratchet model is proposed,in which the transport of Brownian particles driven by additive colored noise of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type in a flashing ratchet is studied by Monte Carlo simulation.The ...A flashing correlation ratchet model is proposed,in which the transport of Brownian particles driven by additive colored noise of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type in a flashing ratchet is studied by Monte Carlo simulation.The stationary current vs the noise strength and the correlation time is obtained and analyzed.For a fixed rate of potential flashing,the novel phenomena of current reversal and reentry occur.The conditions for the occurrence of these phenomena are found.The in fluence of the flipping rate is also discussed.This finding might be relevant to the fact that the protein motors with similar structure can move in opposite directions on the same kind of microtubule.展开更多
基金Project(51208451)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(10KJB580004)supported by the Natural Science Foundation for Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province,ChinaProject supported by the New Century Talents Project of Yangzhou University,China
文摘The primary objective of this work is to explore how drivers react to flashing green at signalized intersections. Through video taping and data procession based on photogrammetry, the operating speeds of vehicles before and after the moment when flashing green started was compared using paired-samples T-test. The critical distances between go and stop decisions was defined through cumulative percentage curve. The boundary of dilemma zone was determined by comparing stop distance and travel distance.Amber-running violation was analyzed on the basis of the travel time to the stop line. And finally, a logistic model for stop and go decisions was constructed. The results shows that the stopping ratios of the first vehicles of west-bound and east-bound approaches are 41.3% and 39.8%, respectively; the amber-light running violation ratios of two approaches are 31.6% and 25.4%, respectively;the operating speed growth ratios of first vehicles selecting to cross intersection after the moment when flashing green started are26.7% and 17.7%, respectively; and the critical distances are 48 m and 46 m, respectively, which are close to 44 m, the boundary of dilemma zone. The developed decision models demonstrate that the probability of go decision is higher when the distance from the stop line is shorter or operating speed is higher. This indicates that flashing green is an effective way to enhance intersection safety,but it should work together with a strict enforcement. In addition, traffic signs near critical distance and reasonable speed limitation are also beneficial to the safety of intersections.
基金Foundation item： Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51077014, 21003028 and 51202043）： the Fundamental Research funds for the Central Universities, the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University （NCET-10-0050）, and the Excellent Youth Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China.
文摘This work presents NiS/graphene/carbon nanotube （NiS/GNS/CNT） composites as electrode material for the supercapacitor application in sea flashing signal systems. NiS nanosheets were closely anchored on the conductive GNS-CNT networks. As a result, the NiS/GNS/CNT electrode showed a high specific capacitance of 2 377 F.g^-1 at 2 mV.s^-1 and good cycling stability compared with the pure NiS （1 599F.g^-1）. The enhanced electrochemical performances are attributed to the synergetic effect between the conductive carbon and the pseudo-capacitive NiS. The high performance supercapacitor may provide application in the sea flashing signal system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.19677206 and 19775066the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province.
文摘A flashing correlation ratchet model is proposed,in which the transport of Brownian particles driven by additive colored noise of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type in a flashing ratchet is studied by Monte Carlo simulation.The stationary current vs the noise strength and the correlation time is obtained and analyzed.For a fixed rate of potential flashing,the novel phenomena of current reversal and reentry occur.The conditions for the occurrence of these phenomena are found.The in fluence of the flipping rate is also discussed.This finding might be relevant to the fact that the protein motors with similar structure can move in opposite directions on the same kind of microtubule.
