Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly ...Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products.They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry.They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries,such as wood adhesives,metal coating,pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others.This review presents the main sources,either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials,their industrial and laboratory extraction systems,their systems of analysis with their advantages and drawbacks,be these methods so simple to even appear primitive but nonetheless of proven effectiveness,or very modern and instrumental.It constitutes a basic but essential summary of what is necessary to know of these sustainable materials.In doing so,the review highlights some of the main challenges that remain to be addressed to deliver the quality and economics of tannin supply necessary to fulfill the industrial production requirements for some materials-based uses.展开更多
Four testing methods using canon exchange membrane (CEM), ammonium acetate, ASI (0.25 mol L-1 NaHCO3+0.01 mol L-1 EDTA +0.01 mol L-1 NH4P) and 1.0 mol L-1 boiling nitric acid, respectively, were used to evaluate soil ...Four testing methods using canon exchange membrane (CEM), ammonium acetate, ASI (0.25 mol L-1 NaHCO3+0.01 mol L-1 EDTA +0.01 mol L-1 NH4P) and 1.0 mol L-1 boiling nitric acid, respectively, were used to evaluate soil available K. The soil K tested by CEM was significantly correlated with that by the other (conventional) methods (r2=0.43**~0.95***). The soil K tested by CEM saturated with NH4HCO3 (15 min extraction) was most closely correlated with that by the other methods (2 =0. 60***~0.95***). Potassium availability, as predicted by soil test, was comparable to actual K uptake by canola and wheat grown on the soils in growth chamber. Regression analyses showed that plant K uptake was more closely correlated with K extracted by CEM (r2=0.56***~0.81***) than that by the conventional methods (r2=0.46***~;0.81***), most closely correlsted with that by NH4HCO3-saturated CEM for 15 min (r2=0.81***), and worst correlated with that by HNO3 (r2=0.45**~0.72***).展开更多
The High Energy Photon Source(HEPS)is a 6 GeV diffraction-limited storage ring light source under construction.The swap-out injection is adopted with the depleted bunch recycled via high-energy accumulation in the boo...The High Energy Photon Source(HEPS)is a 6 GeV diffraction-limited storage ring light source under construction.The swap-out injection is adopted with the depleted bunch recycled via high-energy accumulation in the booster.The extremely high beam energy density of the bunches with an ultra-low emittance(about 30 pm horizontally and 3 pm vertically)and high bunch charges(from 1.33 to 14.4 nC)extracted from the storage ring could cause hazardous damage to the extraction Lambertson magnet in case of extraction kicker failure.To this end,we proposed the use of a pre-kicker to spoil the bunches prior to extraction,significantly reducing the maximum beam energy density down to within a safe region while still maintaining highly efficient extractions.The main parameters of the pre-kicker are simulated and discussed.展开更多
With more successful applications of advanced medical imaging technologies in clinical diagnosis, various analytic discriminant approaches, by seeking the imaging based characteristics of a given disease to achieve au...With more successful applications of advanced medical imaging technologies in clinical diagnosis, various analytic discriminant approaches, by seeking the imaging based characteristics of a given disease to achieve automatic diagnosis, gain greater attention in the medical community. However the existing computer-aided discriminant procedures for Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） are yet to be improved for better identifying patients with mild cognitive impairment （MCI） from those with AD and those who are cognitively normal. In this work we present a computer assisted diagnosis approach by first statistically extracting characteristics from whole brain 2-deoxy-2-（lSF）fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography （lSF-FDG PET） images, and then using support vector machines for classification. Evaluations of the proposed procedure with patient data exhibit satisfactory accuracies in distinguishing AD from its early stage MCI, and normal controls.展开更多
This study was aimed at analysing the mechanical characteristics of different mandibular extraction modes using a clear aligner.Three experimental schemes of different extraction patterns were designed to treat mandib...This study was aimed at analysing the mechanical characteristics of different mandibular extraction modes using a clear aligner.Three experimental schemes of different extraction patterns were designed to treat mandibular crowding,including extraction of one mandibular central incisor,bilateral first premolars,and bilateral second premolars.The stress distribution during the space closing was analysed using the finite element method.When a central incisor was extracted,a significant retraction force was found in the anterior region,in line with the design expectation.The posterior teeth,which were designed to move mesially,acted as anchorage for anterior retraction,and were subjected to a mesial force.The anterior teeth were retracted when the bilateral first premolars were extracted.The lateral incisors and canines were subjected to a significant distal force and moment,while the central incisors and canines were subjected to lingual forces and moments.Additionally,the canines were subjected to a non-designated intruding force.The molars were designed to move mesially when the bilateral second premolars were extracted.All molars were subjected to a significant mesial force,while the lingual force on the front teeth was slight.The bilateral second molars were subjected to non-design mesial moment and extrusive force.The bilateral first molars were subjected to a non-designated mesial moment,and the bilateral first premolars on both sides were subjected to non-designated intrusive force and distal moment.When one incisor was extracted,attachments on the anterior teeth had a controlling effect on the tooth axis,but the anterior teeth still tended to tilt.When the bilateral first premolars were extracted,the anterior teeth showed a tendency for lingual inclination.The risk of distal inclination of the canines and lingual inclination of the central incisor increased.When the bilateral second premolars were extracted and the posterior teeth were designed to move mesially,the teeth on both sides of the extraction sites showed an obvious bowing effect.展开更多
The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of flexible periotomes versus non-flexible conventional periotomes in atraumatic dental extractions of similar teeth. The study also aimed to evaluate the wound heal...The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of flexible periotomes versus non-flexible conventional periotomes in atraumatic dental extractions of similar teeth. The study also aimed to evaluate the wound healing, duration of the procedure, and level of gingival laceration associated with the use of these two instruments. The study was a randomized controlled clinical trial involving 26 patients requiring nonsurgical tooth extractions bilaterally. The subjects were randomized into two groups: the study group, where flexible periotomes were used to break the periodontal ligament, and the control group, where conventional periotomes were used. A total of 52 extractions were performed, either for orthodontic or implant placement purposes. After the extractions, the researchers evaluated the level of gingival laceration, duration of the procedure, and wound healing on postoperative days 1 and 7. Any complications that arose were also noted. The study group (flexible periotome) and control group (conventional periotome) were compared, and the results showed that the flexible periotomes required a shorter duration of time (around 4 minutes) compared to conventional periotomes (7 minutes). Additionally, gingival lacerations were found to be less severe in the study group. In conclusion, the use of flexible periotomes was found to be more efficient in atraumatic dental extractions compared to conventional periotomes. This study highlights the importance of using newer technology to perform atraumatic extractions, particularly in the era of implantology where there is an increased demand for such procedures.展开更多
Introduction:?An instrumental extraction is performed in order to shorten the phase of expulsion of the fetus outside the maternal pelvic pathway, when there is a suspected fetal state or a defect in progression of th...Introduction:?An instrumental extraction is performed in order to shorten the phase of expulsion of the fetus outside the maternal pelvic pathway, when there is a suspected fetal state or a defect in progression of the fetal mobile. It can be responsible for immediate or late maternal complications, which are not specific because they can occur after a normal delivery. The objectives of this work are to describe the epidemiological-clinical and prognosis aspects of deliveries assisted by instrumental extractions in a reference maternity unit in Dakar.?Materials and Methods:?This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017, a period of 12 months at the maternity ward of the Nabil Choucair Health Center. The collection was carried out using the survey form completed on the basis of the analysis of the files, the delivery register and the anaesthesia register of the operating room. The parameters studied were about socio-demographic?characteristics, indications and prognosis. The data entry was carried out using the Sphinx version 5 software and the data analysis using the Epi info version?3.5?software. Results:?During the period of our study, we collected 94 instrumental?extractions. The frequency of instrumental extractions was?1.7%. The average age of the patients was 25 years with extremes of 16 to 43 years old. The average parity was 1 with extremes 1 to 6. Among parturient women, 12?patients (12.8%) had a history of suction cup, two (2.1%) had received forceps and three (3.2%) had a cesarean section. The average gestational age was 39 Weeks of Amenorrhea (WA), the average uterine?height was 32?cm, fetal heart sounds were normal in 98% parturient’ cases. The vaginal?touch had found a fully dilated cervix, a rupture of the amniotic sac with clear amniotic?fluid in 98% of parturient women and a fetus with an anterior left iliac occipito topin 69.4% of cases. The pelvis was clinically normal in all parturient women. The indications were dominated by maternal fatigue (65.9%). The spatula was the?most commonly used instrument (82.7%). Episiotomy was performed in 97.3%?of cases. The average weight of the newborn was 3058 grams and an Apgar score of 8/10 was noted in 96% of newborns. We noted 3?cases of maternal complications with perineal tear type (3.2%) and 1 case of perineal tear associated with postpartum hemorrhage (1.06%). The neonatal prognosis was dominated by 2 caput succedaneum cases (2.1%). Newborns were alive and well in 97.8%. We noted 2 cases of death, i.e. 2.1% in?unsolved circumstances. All the mothers were alive and well at (100%). Conclusion:?Instrumental extractions must be integrated into our structures?to significantly reduce the number of abusive cesarean sections. The perfect mastery of extraction techniques and indications makes?it possible to?reduce fetal suffering while avoiding the morbidity associated with instrumental?extractions.展开更多
Background： The disclosure of the poplar genome strengthens its position as well-established model organism. Populus has been subject of several proteome studies, but up to date no comparative study was performed on ...Background： The disclosure of the poplar genome strengthens its position as well-established model organism. Populus has been subject of several proteome studies, but up to date no comparative study was performed on the extraction method of soluble proteins for this species. The extraction is the most critical step in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and each extraction method has its advantages, disadvantages and limitations. Therefore protein extraction methods should be optimized for each tissue before starting an experimental setup. In prospect of future DIGE （Differential Gel electrophoresis） experiments for the investigation of the effects of cadmium and inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria at the proteome level, the aim of this study was to optimize an extraction method for soluble proteins of poplar leaves and roots. Results： The acetone-phenol extraction method was found to be the most suited, rendering a high spot number and low background interference. During further optimization, several critical steps in the extraction method were revealed. Conclusion： Aiming to optimize the extraction of soluble leaf and root proteins of Populus deltoides × （trichocarpa× deltoides） compatible with DIGE analysis, a protocol rendering high reproducibility, low background interference and a high spot number was established, however no novel insights were acquired.展开更多
Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are...Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water pollution.In this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing agent.Experimental analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag NPs.The surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their aggregation.After the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite hydrogel.The inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag NPs.The prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.展开更多
Solvent extraction is the main method used to separate and purify rare earth elements.In the process of rare earths extraction,emulsification often generated due to the instability of the aqueous and organic phases or...Solvent extraction is the main method used to separate and purify rare earth elements.In the process of rare earths extraction,emulsification often generated due to the instability of the aqueous and organic phases or improper operating conditions.Once emulsification occurs,it would not only lead to low rare earths recovery efficiency,small product quantities,high production costs and the losing of extractant and rare earth resources,but also result in serious environmental pollution.Therefore,it is very important to study the micro-mechanisms of emulsification and establish new methods to prevent emulsification at the source.In this paper,possible factors resulting in emulsification,such as the compositions and properties of the organic and aqueous phases,the operating conditions of the rare earths extraction are reviewed.The micro-mechanisms of emulsification are summarized basing on the microscopic structures in the bulk phase,aggregations of the extractants at the organic-aqueous interface,spectral characterizations and computational simulations.On this basis,new formation mechanisms are proposed for emulsification.Preliminary explorations are employed to verify the correctness of these new viewpoints.Finally,future directions for studies of the emulsification micro-mechanism are proposed.This study provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the micro-mechanisms of interfacial instability resulting in emulsification in the process of rare earths extraction.展开更多
采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid-phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和液液萃取(liquid-liquid extraction,LLE)结合全二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱(comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry...采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid-phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和液液萃取(liquid-liquid extraction,LLE)结合全二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱(comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry,GC×GC-TOF-MS)以及香气活度值(odour active value,OAV),对红星二锅头白酒的挥发性成分进行全面解析。研究发现,HS-SPME、LLE分别定性出928、802种挥发性化合物,共计定性出1304种挥发性化合物,共同定性出426种挥发性化合物。基于HS-SPME数据,通过香气数据库筛选出具有香气特征的382种香气化合物,其中酯类相对百分含量占比最高,其次是醇类、酸类和醛类。计算得到了49种香气化合物OAV>1,其中酯类(辛酸乙酯、异戊酸乙酯等)和萜烯类(β-大马酮)对白酒风味的贡献最大,醛类(异戊醛、己醛等)和含硫类(二甲基三硫)其次,醇类(1-辛烯-3-醇)和含氮类(2,3,5-三甲基吡嗪)也有一定风味贡献。该研究丰富了红星二锅头白酒的风味研究,也为下一步生产研究及调控提供了理论和数据支撑。展开更多
In this study,eight different varieties of maize seeds were used as the research objects.Conduct 81 types of combined preprocessing on the original spectra.Through comparison,Savitzky-Golay(SG)-multivariate scattering...In this study,eight different varieties of maize seeds were used as the research objects.Conduct 81 types of combined preprocessing on the original spectra.Through comparison,Savitzky-Golay(SG)-multivariate scattering correction(MSC)-maximum-minimum normalization(MN)was identified as the optimal preprocessing technique.The competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS),successive projections algorithm(SPA),and their combined methods were employed to extract feature wavelengths.Classification models based on back propagation(BP),support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),and partial least squares(PLS)were established using full-band data and feature wavelengths.Among all models,the(CARS-SPA)-BP model achieved the highest accuracy rate of 98.44%.This study offers novel insights and methodologies for the rapid and accurate identification of corn seeds as well as other crop seeds.展开更多
The use of fresh versus frozen spermatozoa in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) undergoingin vitro fertilization (IVF)has been a debated hot topic among reproductive specialists. Each approach presents distinc...The use of fresh versus frozen spermatozoa in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) undergoingin vitro fertilization (IVF)has been a debated hot topic among reproductive specialists. Each approach presents distinct advantages and disadvantages,with fresh sperm typically showing superior sperm quality, while frozen sperm offers logistical flexibility and a reliable backup forrepeated cycles. This review summarizes the latest advancements in sperm retrieval and cryopreservation techniques, providingpractitioners with a comprehensive analysis of each option’s strengths and limitations. Comparative studies indicate that, althoughfresh sperm often has better quality metrics, cryopreservation methods such as vitrification have significantly improved postthawoutcomes, making frozen sperm a viable choice in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The findings show comparablerates for fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth between fresh and frozen microdissection testicular spermextraction (micro-TESE) sperm in many cases, although patient-specific factors such as timing, cost-effectiveness, and proceduralconvenience should guide the final decision. Ultimately, the choice of using fresh or frozen sperm should align with the individualneeds and conditions of patients. This tailored approach, supported by the latest advancements, can optimize ART outcomes andprovide personalized reproductive care.展开更多
The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain in...The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain incompletely understood.Polysaccharides,as a major constituent of water decoctions—the most common preparation method for Chinese medicinals—may provide a crucial avenue for deepening our understanding of the efficacy principles of Chinese medicine and establishing a framework for its modern development.The structural complexity and diversity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides present significant challenges in their separation and analysis compared to small molecules.This paper aims to explore the potential of Chinese herbal polysaccharides efficiently by briefly summarizing recent advancements in polysaccharide chemical research,focusing on methods of acquisition,structure elucidation,and quality control.展开更多
Anomaly Detection (AD) has been extensively adopted in industrial settings to facilitate quality control of products. It is critical to industrial production, especially to areas such as aircraft manufacturing, which ...Anomaly Detection (AD) has been extensively adopted in industrial settings to facilitate quality control of products. It is critical to industrial production, especially to areas such as aircraft manufacturing, which require strict part qualification rates. Although being more efficient and practical, few-shot AD has not been well explored. The existing AD methods only extract features in a single frequency while defects exist in multiple frequency domains. Moreover, current methods have not fully leveraged the few-shot support samples to extract input-related normal patterns. To address these issues, we propose an industrial few-shot AD method, Feature Extender for Anomaly Detection (FEAD), which extracts normal patterns in multiple frequency domains from few-shot samples under the guidance of the input sample. Firstly, to achieve better coverage of normal patterns in the input sample, we introduce a Sample-Conditioned Transformation Module (SCTM), which transforms support features under the guidance of the input sample to obtain extra normal patterns. Secondly, to effectively distinguish and localize anomaly patterns in multiple frequency domains, we devise an Adaptive Descriptor Construction Module (ADCM) to build and select pattern descriptors in a series of frequencies adaptively. Finally, an auxiliary task for SCTM is designed to ensure the diversity of transformations and include more normal patterns into support features. Extensive experiments on two widely used industrial AD datasets (MVTec-AD and VisA) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FEAD.展开更多
As a typical bioflavonoid,diosmetin is desirable in the field of natural medicine,healthy food,and cosmetics by anti-cancer,antibacterial,antioxidant,estrogen-like and anti-inflammatory activities,and it comes from a ...As a typical bioflavonoid,diosmetin is desirable in the field of natural medicine,healthy food,and cosmetics by anti-cancer,antibacterial,antioxidant,estrogen-like and anti-inflammatory activities,and it comes from a wide range of sources in traditional Chinese medicine like spider fragrance,spearmint and chrysanthemum,as well as in Citrus fruit.However,traditional analytical methods such as silica gel column chromatography face multiple challenges in the selective extraction of diosmetin from biological materials and traditional Chinese medicinal materials.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a new type of absorbent with high efficiency,recyclability and good specificity to diosmetin.In this investigation,a magnetic surface molecularly imprinted polymer(labeled as Diosmetin/SMIPs)was synthesized employing magnetic nanoparticles as the carrier and 4-vinylpyridinyl(4-VP)as the functional monomer by surface imprinting technology.The functional monomer was screened by the binding energy(△E)between functional monomers and template molecules via computational simulation.The Diosmetin/SMIPs had a high level of specific recognition and adsorption capability towards diosmetin with a 20.25 mg g^(-1) adsorption capacity and an imprinting factor(IF)of 2.28.Additionally,it demonstrated excellent regeneration performance with 8 adsorption/desorption cycles.In addition,91.20%-94.16% of spiked diosmetin was recovered from the lemon peel samples.The strategy of constructing Diosmetin/SMIPs based on computational simulation can effectively enhance the specific adsorption performance of diosmetin.Meanwhile,Diosmetin/SMIPs synthesized by imprinting polymerization showed excellent anti-interference and reusability,and realized efficient targeted extraction of diosmetin from lemon peel samples.The results of this investigation provide a promising adsorbent for selective enrichment of diosmetin from Citrus fruit and complicated materials.展开更多
Identification of the most appropriate chemically extractable pool for evaluating Cd and Pb availability remains elusive,hindering accurate assessment on environmental risks and effectiveness of remediation strategies...Identification of the most appropriate chemically extractable pool for evaluating Cd and Pb availability remains elusive,hindering accurate assessment on environmental risks and effectiveness of remediation strategies.This study evaluated the feasibility of European Community Bureau of Reference(BCR)sequential extraction,Ca(NO_(3))_(2)extraction,and water extraction on assessing Cd and Pb availability in agricultural soil amended with slaked lime,magnesium hydroxide,corn stover biochar,and calcium dihydrogen phosphate.Moreover,the enriched isotope tracing technique(^(112)Cd and^(206)Pb)was employed to evaluate the aging process of newly introduced Cd and Pbwithin 56 days’incubation.Results demonstrated that extractable pools by BCR and Ca(NO_(3))_(2)extraction were little impacted by amendments and showed little correlation with soil pH.This is notable because soil pH is closely linked to metal availability,indicating these extraction methods may not adequately reflect metal availability.Conversely,water-soluble concentrations of Cd and Pb were markedly influenced by amendments and exhibited strong correlations with pH(Pearson’s r:-0.908 to-0.825,P<0.001),suggesting water extraction as a more sensitive approach.Furthermore,newly introduced metals underwent a more evident aging process as demonstrated by acid-soluble and water-soluble pools.Additionally,water-soluble concentrations of essential metals were impacted by soil amendments,raising caution on their potential effects on plant growth.These findings suggest water extraction as a promising and attractive method to evaluate Cd and Pb availability,which will help provide assessment guidance for environmental risks caused by heavy metals and develop efficient remediation strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND This case report describes a protocol developed by Danaun Medical Clinic for the introduction of a pioneering intervention comprising intravenous human placen-tal extract(HPE)therapy to improve the liver fu...BACKGROUND This case report describes a protocol developed by Danaun Medical Clinic for the introduction of a pioneering intervention comprising intravenous human placen-tal extract(HPE)therapy to improve the liver function of patients with chronic liver disease(CLD).CASE SUMMARY This study involved data from patients whose chief complaint was reduced quality of life attributable to CLD.The new treatment approach resulted in improvements in the liver function and fatty liver of 30 patients with CLD.Im-provements were observed using abdominal ultrasonography.Unlike traditional methods,this protocol provided more sustainable and meaningful results.Treat-ment with 10 mL of HPE administered intravenously once or twice per week significantly improved liver function.The observed improvements in fatty liver and liver function suggest the utility of this approach for the management of patients with CLD.CONCLUSION This case series highlights the potential of innovative treatments for patients with CLD that could improve the quality of life of the patients.展开更多
In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shippi...In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shipping is characterized by a vast array of document types, filled with complex, large-scale, and often chaotic knowledge and relationships. Effectively managing these documents is crucial for developing a Large Language Model (LLM) in the maritime domain, enabling practitioners to access and leverage valuable information. A Knowledge Graph (KG) offers a state-of-the-art solution for enhancing knowledge retrieval, providing more accurate responses and enabling context-aware reasoning. This paper presents a framework for utilizing maritime and shipping documents to construct a knowledge graph using GraphRAG, a hybrid tool combining graph-based retrieval and generation capabilities. The extraction of entities and relationships from these documents and the KG construction process are detailed. Furthermore, the KG is integrated with an LLM to develop a Q&A system, demonstrating that the system significantly improves answer accuracy compared to traditional LLMs. Additionally, the KG construction process is up to 50% faster than conventional LLM-based approaches, underscoring the efficiency of our method. This study provides a promising approach to digital intelligence in shipping, advancing knowledge accessibility and decision-making.展开更多
Lonicera japonica(honeysuckle)is a traditional Chinese medicinal food,in which the main active ingredients are phenolic acids,polysaccharides,flavonoids,and volatile oils.They have various biological activities,includ...Lonicera japonica(honeysuckle)is a traditional Chinese medicinal food,in which the main active ingredients are phenolic acids,polysaccharides,flavonoids,and volatile oils.They have various biological activities,including antiviral,antibacterial,antioxidant,hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering,and anti-inflammatory effects.This review summarizes the health effects and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of L.japonica extracts and the major active ingredients in these extracts,and the structures,metabolic process in vivo,and biotransformation processes of these compounds.In addition,the current status of the development of L.japonica-related functional foods is summarized.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the further development and use of the active ingredients in L.japonica as functional foods for disease prevention and treatment.展开更多
文摘Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products.They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry.They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries,such as wood adhesives,metal coating,pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others.This review presents the main sources,either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials,their industrial and laboratory extraction systems,their systems of analysis with their advantages and drawbacks,be these methods so simple to even appear primitive but nonetheless of proven effectiveness,or very modern and instrumental.It constitutes a basic but essential summary of what is necessary to know of these sustainable materials.In doing so,the review highlights some of the main challenges that remain to be addressed to deliver the quality and economics of tannin supply necessary to fulfill the industrial production requirements for some materials-based uses.
文摘Four testing methods using canon exchange membrane (CEM), ammonium acetate, ASI (0.25 mol L-1 NaHCO3+0.01 mol L-1 EDTA +0.01 mol L-1 NH4P) and 1.0 mol L-1 boiling nitric acid, respectively, were used to evaluate soil available K. The soil K tested by CEM was significantly correlated with that by the other (conventional) methods (r2=0.43**~0.95***). The soil K tested by CEM saturated with NH4HCO3 (15 min extraction) was most closely correlated with that by the other methods (2 =0. 60***~0.95***). Potassium availability, as predicted by soil test, was comparable to actual K uptake by canola and wheat grown on the soils in growth chamber. Regression analyses showed that plant K uptake was more closely correlated with K extracted by CEM (r2=0.56***~0.81***) than that by the conventional methods (r2=0.46***~;0.81***), most closely correlsted with that by NH4HCO3-saturated CEM for 15 min (r2=0.81***), and worst correlated with that by HNO3 (r2=0.45**~0.72***).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11605212,11475200,and 11675194)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2021012)High Energy Photon Source(HEPS),a major national science and technology infrastructure in China.
文摘The High Energy Photon Source(HEPS)is a 6 GeV diffraction-limited storage ring light source under construction.The swap-out injection is adopted with the depleted bunch recycled via high-energy accumulation in the booster.The extremely high beam energy density of the bunches with an ultra-low emittance(about 30 pm horizontally and 3 pm vertically)and high bunch charges(from 1.33 to 14.4 nC)extracted from the storage ring could cause hazardous damage to the extraction Lambertson magnet in case of extraction kicker failure.To this end,we proposed the use of a pre-kicker to spoil the bunches prior to extraction,significantly reducing the maximum beam energy density down to within a safe region while still maintaining highly efficient extractions.The main parameters of the pre-kicker are simulated and discussed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81201114)the Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.11ZR1416700)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.13ZZ017)
文摘With more successful applications of advanced medical imaging technologies in clinical diagnosis, various analytic discriminant approaches, by seeking the imaging based characteristics of a given disease to achieve automatic diagnosis, gain greater attention in the medical community. However the existing computer-aided discriminant procedures for Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） are yet to be improved for better identifying patients with mild cognitive impairment （MCI） from those with AD and those who are cognitively normal. In this work we present a computer assisted diagnosis approach by first statistically extracting characteristics from whole brain 2-deoxy-2-（lSF）fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography （lSF-FDG PET） images, and then using support vector machines for classification. Evaluations of the proposed procedure with patient data exhibit satisfactory accuracies in distinguishing AD from its early stage MCI, and normal controls.
基金the Clinical Research Program of Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.JYLJ-10)。
文摘This study was aimed at analysing the mechanical characteristics of different mandibular extraction modes using a clear aligner.Three experimental schemes of different extraction patterns were designed to treat mandibular crowding,including extraction of one mandibular central incisor,bilateral first premolars,and bilateral second premolars.The stress distribution during the space closing was analysed using the finite element method.When a central incisor was extracted,a significant retraction force was found in the anterior region,in line with the design expectation.The posterior teeth,which were designed to move mesially,acted as anchorage for anterior retraction,and were subjected to a mesial force.The anterior teeth were retracted when the bilateral first premolars were extracted.The lateral incisors and canines were subjected to a significant distal force and moment,while the central incisors and canines were subjected to lingual forces and moments.Additionally,the canines were subjected to a non-designated intruding force.The molars were designed to move mesially when the bilateral second premolars were extracted.All molars were subjected to a significant mesial force,while the lingual force on the front teeth was slight.The bilateral second molars were subjected to non-design mesial moment and extrusive force.The bilateral first molars were subjected to a non-designated mesial moment,and the bilateral first premolars on both sides were subjected to non-designated intrusive force and distal moment.When one incisor was extracted,attachments on the anterior teeth had a controlling effect on the tooth axis,but the anterior teeth still tended to tilt.When the bilateral first premolars were extracted,the anterior teeth showed a tendency for lingual inclination.The risk of distal inclination of the canines and lingual inclination of the central incisor increased.When the bilateral second premolars were extracted and the posterior teeth were designed to move mesially,the teeth on both sides of the extraction sites showed an obvious bowing effect.
文摘The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of flexible periotomes versus non-flexible conventional periotomes in atraumatic dental extractions of similar teeth. The study also aimed to evaluate the wound healing, duration of the procedure, and level of gingival laceration associated with the use of these two instruments. The study was a randomized controlled clinical trial involving 26 patients requiring nonsurgical tooth extractions bilaterally. The subjects were randomized into two groups: the study group, where flexible periotomes were used to break the periodontal ligament, and the control group, where conventional periotomes were used. A total of 52 extractions were performed, either for orthodontic or implant placement purposes. After the extractions, the researchers evaluated the level of gingival laceration, duration of the procedure, and wound healing on postoperative days 1 and 7. Any complications that arose were also noted. The study group (flexible periotome) and control group (conventional periotome) were compared, and the results showed that the flexible periotomes required a shorter duration of time (around 4 minutes) compared to conventional periotomes (7 minutes). Additionally, gingival lacerations were found to be less severe in the study group. In conclusion, the use of flexible periotomes was found to be more efficient in atraumatic dental extractions compared to conventional periotomes. This study highlights the importance of using newer technology to perform atraumatic extractions, particularly in the era of implantology where there is an increased demand for such procedures.
文摘Introduction:?An instrumental extraction is performed in order to shorten the phase of expulsion of the fetus outside the maternal pelvic pathway, when there is a suspected fetal state or a defect in progression of the fetal mobile. It can be responsible for immediate or late maternal complications, which are not specific because they can occur after a normal delivery. The objectives of this work are to describe the epidemiological-clinical and prognosis aspects of deliveries assisted by instrumental extractions in a reference maternity unit in Dakar.?Materials and Methods:?This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017, a period of 12 months at the maternity ward of the Nabil Choucair Health Center. The collection was carried out using the survey form completed on the basis of the analysis of the files, the delivery register and the anaesthesia register of the operating room. The parameters studied were about socio-demographic?characteristics, indications and prognosis. The data entry was carried out using the Sphinx version 5 software and the data analysis using the Epi info version?3.5?software. Results:?During the period of our study, we collected 94 instrumental?extractions. The frequency of instrumental extractions was?1.7%. The average age of the patients was 25 years with extremes of 16 to 43 years old. The average parity was 1 with extremes 1 to 6. Among parturient women, 12?patients (12.8%) had a history of suction cup, two (2.1%) had received forceps and three (3.2%) had a cesarean section. The average gestational age was 39 Weeks of Amenorrhea (WA), the average uterine?height was 32?cm, fetal heart sounds were normal in 98% parturient’ cases. The vaginal?touch had found a fully dilated cervix, a rupture of the amniotic sac with clear amniotic?fluid in 98% of parturient women and a fetus with an anterior left iliac occipito topin 69.4% of cases. The pelvis was clinically normal in all parturient women. The indications were dominated by maternal fatigue (65.9%). The spatula was the?most commonly used instrument (82.7%). Episiotomy was performed in 97.3%?of cases. The average weight of the newborn was 3058 grams and an Apgar score of 8/10 was noted in 96% of newborns. We noted 3?cases of maternal complications with perineal tear type (3.2%) and 1 case of perineal tear associated with postpartum hemorrhage (1.06%). The neonatal prognosis was dominated by 2 caput succedaneum cases (2.1%). Newborns were alive and well in 97.8%. We noted 2 cases of death, i.e. 2.1% in?unsolved circumstances. All the mothers were alive and well at (100%). Conclusion:?Instrumental extractions must be integrated into our structures?to significantly reduce the number of abusive cesarean sections. The perfect mastery of extraction techniques and indications makes?it possible to?reduce fetal suffering while avoiding the morbidity associated with instrumental?extractions.
文摘Background： The disclosure of the poplar genome strengthens its position as well-established model organism. Populus has been subject of several proteome studies, but up to date no comparative study was performed on the extraction method of soluble proteins for this species. The extraction is the most critical step in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and each extraction method has its advantages, disadvantages and limitations. Therefore protein extraction methods should be optimized for each tissue before starting an experimental setup. In prospect of future DIGE （Differential Gel electrophoresis） experiments for the investigation of the effects of cadmium and inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria at the proteome level, the aim of this study was to optimize an extraction method for soluble proteins of poplar leaves and roots. Results： The acetone-phenol extraction method was found to be the most suited, rendering a high spot number and low background interference. During further optimization, several critical steps in the extraction method were revealed. Conclusion： Aiming to optimize the extraction of soluble leaf and root proteins of Populus deltoides × （trichocarpa× deltoides） compatible with DIGE analysis, a protocol rendering high reproducibility, low background interference and a high spot number was established, however no novel insights were acquired.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52203209)the State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials,China(No.SWR-2022-009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-IDRY22-012)。
文摘Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water pollution.In this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing agent.Experimental analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag NPs.The surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their aggregation.After the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite hydrogel.The inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag NPs.The prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074031)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(ZR2021MB051,ZR2020ME256)the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education(GCP202117)。
文摘Solvent extraction is the main method used to separate and purify rare earth elements.In the process of rare earths extraction,emulsification often generated due to the instability of the aqueous and organic phases or improper operating conditions.Once emulsification occurs,it would not only lead to low rare earths recovery efficiency,small product quantities,high production costs and the losing of extractant and rare earth resources,but also result in serious environmental pollution.Therefore,it is very important to study the micro-mechanisms of emulsification and establish new methods to prevent emulsification at the source.In this paper,possible factors resulting in emulsification,such as the compositions and properties of the organic and aqueous phases,the operating conditions of the rare earths extraction are reviewed.The micro-mechanisms of emulsification are summarized basing on the microscopic structures in the bulk phase,aggregations of the extractants at the organic-aqueous interface,spectral characterizations and computational simulations.On this basis,new formation mechanisms are proposed for emulsification.Preliminary explorations are employed to verify the correctness of these new viewpoints.Finally,future directions for studies of the emulsification micro-mechanism are proposed.This study provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the micro-mechanisms of interfacial instability resulting in emulsification in the process of rare earths extraction.
文摘采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid-phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和液液萃取(liquid-liquid extraction,LLE)结合全二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱(comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry,GC×GC-TOF-MS)以及香气活度值(odour active value,OAV),对红星二锅头白酒的挥发性成分进行全面解析。研究发现,HS-SPME、LLE分别定性出928、802种挥发性化合物,共计定性出1304种挥发性化合物,共同定性出426种挥发性化合物。基于HS-SPME数据,通过香气数据库筛选出具有香气特征的382种香气化合物,其中酯类相对百分含量占比最高,其次是醇类、酸类和醛类。计算得到了49种香气化合物OAV>1,其中酯类(辛酸乙酯、异戊酸乙酯等)和萜烯类(β-大马酮)对白酒风味的贡献最大,醛类(异戊醛、己醛等)和含硫类(二甲基三硫)其次,醇类(1-辛烯-3-醇)和含氮类(2,3,5-三甲基吡嗪)也有一定风味贡献。该研究丰富了红星二锅头白酒的风味研究,也为下一步生产研究及调控提供了理论和数据支撑。
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology (No.20220203112S)the Jilin Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Research Project (No.JJKH20210039KJ)。
文摘In this study,eight different varieties of maize seeds were used as the research objects.Conduct 81 types of combined preprocessing on the original spectra.Through comparison,Savitzky-Golay(SG)-multivariate scattering correction(MSC)-maximum-minimum normalization(MN)was identified as the optimal preprocessing technique.The competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS),successive projections algorithm(SPA),and their combined methods were employed to extract feature wavelengths.Classification models based on back propagation(BP),support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),and partial least squares(PLS)were established using full-band data and feature wavelengths.Among all models,the(CARS-SPA)-BP model achieved the highest accuracy rate of 98.44%.This study offers novel insights and methodologies for the rapid and accurate identification of corn seeds as well as other crop seeds.
文摘The use of fresh versus frozen spermatozoa in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) undergoingin vitro fertilization (IVF)has been a debated hot topic among reproductive specialists. Each approach presents distinct advantages and disadvantages,with fresh sperm typically showing superior sperm quality, while frozen sperm offers logistical flexibility and a reliable backup forrepeated cycles. This review summarizes the latest advancements in sperm retrieval and cryopreservation techniques, providingpractitioners with a comprehensive analysis of each option’s strengths and limitations. Comparative studies indicate that, althoughfresh sperm often has better quality metrics, cryopreservation methods such as vitrification have significantly improved postthawoutcomes, making frozen sperm a viable choice in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The findings show comparablerates for fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth between fresh and frozen microdissection testicular spermextraction (micro-TESE) sperm in many cases, although patient-specific factors such as timing, cost-effectiveness, and proceduralconvenience should guide the final decision. Ultimately, the choice of using fresh or frozen sperm should align with the individualneeds and conditions of patients. This tailored approach, supported by the latest advancements, can optimize ART outcomes andprovide personalized reproductive care.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR (Nos.0075/2022/A and028/2022/ITP)the Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project in the Social Development Field (No.2220004000117)the University of Macao (Nos.MYRG-GRG2023-00082-ICMS-UMDF/CPG2024-00011-ICMS)。
文摘The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain incompletely understood.Polysaccharides,as a major constituent of water decoctions—the most common preparation method for Chinese medicinals—may provide a crucial avenue for deepening our understanding of the efficacy principles of Chinese medicine and establishing a framework for its modern development.The structural complexity and diversity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides present significant challenges in their separation and analysis compared to small molecules.This paper aims to explore the potential of Chinese herbal polysaccharides efficiently by briefly summarizing recent advancements in polysaccharide chemical research,focusing on methods of acquisition,structure elucidation,and quality control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52188102).
文摘Anomaly Detection (AD) has been extensively adopted in industrial settings to facilitate quality control of products. It is critical to industrial production, especially to areas such as aircraft manufacturing, which require strict part qualification rates. Although being more efficient and practical, few-shot AD has not been well explored. The existing AD methods only extract features in a single frequency while defects exist in multiple frequency domains. Moreover, current methods have not fully leveraged the few-shot support samples to extract input-related normal patterns. To address these issues, we propose an industrial few-shot AD method, Feature Extender for Anomaly Detection (FEAD), which extracts normal patterns in multiple frequency domains from few-shot samples under the guidance of the input sample. Firstly, to achieve better coverage of normal patterns in the input sample, we introduce a Sample-Conditioned Transformation Module (SCTM), which transforms support features under the guidance of the input sample to obtain extra normal patterns. Secondly, to effectively distinguish and localize anomaly patterns in multiple frequency domains, we devise an Adaptive Descriptor Construction Module (ADCM) to build and select pattern descriptors in a series of frequencies adaptively. Finally, an auxiliary task for SCTM is designed to ensure the diversity of transformations and include more normal patterns into support features. Extensive experiments on two widely used industrial AD datasets (MVTec-AD and VisA) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FEAD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32301259,32101228,32271527 and 32371536)the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(Nos.2022C02023 and 2023C02015)+1 种基金the Research Foundation of Talented Scholars of Zhejiang A&F University(No.2021LFR058)the Dean-ship of Scientific Research at Northern Border University,Arar,KSA for funding this research work through the project number“NBU-FPEJ-2024-177-01”.
文摘As a typical bioflavonoid,diosmetin is desirable in the field of natural medicine,healthy food,and cosmetics by anti-cancer,antibacterial,antioxidant,estrogen-like and anti-inflammatory activities,and it comes from a wide range of sources in traditional Chinese medicine like spider fragrance,spearmint and chrysanthemum,as well as in Citrus fruit.However,traditional analytical methods such as silica gel column chromatography face multiple challenges in the selective extraction of diosmetin from biological materials and traditional Chinese medicinal materials.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a new type of absorbent with high efficiency,recyclability and good specificity to diosmetin.In this investigation,a magnetic surface molecularly imprinted polymer(labeled as Diosmetin/SMIPs)was synthesized employing magnetic nanoparticles as the carrier and 4-vinylpyridinyl(4-VP)as the functional monomer by surface imprinting technology.The functional monomer was screened by the binding energy(△E)between functional monomers and template molecules via computational simulation.The Diosmetin/SMIPs had a high level of specific recognition and adsorption capability towards diosmetin with a 20.25 mg g^(-1) adsorption capacity and an imprinting factor(IF)of 2.28.Additionally,it demonstrated excellent regeneration performance with 8 adsorption/desorption cycles.In addition,91.20%-94.16% of spiked diosmetin was recovered from the lemon peel samples.The strategy of constructing Diosmetin/SMIPs based on computational simulation can effectively enhance the specific adsorption performance of diosmetin.Meanwhile,Diosmetin/SMIPs synthesized by imprinting polymerization showed excellent anti-interference and reusability,and realized efficient targeted extraction of diosmetin from lemon peel samples.The results of this investigation provide a promising adsorbent for selective enrichment of diosmetin from Citrus fruit and complicated materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(No.ZR2020ZD20)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22193051)+1 种基金the National Young Top-Notch Talents(No.W03070030)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y202011).
文摘Identification of the most appropriate chemically extractable pool for evaluating Cd and Pb availability remains elusive,hindering accurate assessment on environmental risks and effectiveness of remediation strategies.This study evaluated the feasibility of European Community Bureau of Reference(BCR)sequential extraction,Ca(NO_(3))_(2)extraction,and water extraction on assessing Cd and Pb availability in agricultural soil amended with slaked lime,magnesium hydroxide,corn stover biochar,and calcium dihydrogen phosphate.Moreover,the enriched isotope tracing technique(^(112)Cd and^(206)Pb)was employed to evaluate the aging process of newly introduced Cd and Pbwithin 56 days’incubation.Results demonstrated that extractable pools by BCR and Ca(NO_(3))_(2)extraction were little impacted by amendments and showed little correlation with soil pH.This is notable because soil pH is closely linked to metal availability,indicating these extraction methods may not adequately reflect metal availability.Conversely,water-soluble concentrations of Cd and Pb were markedly influenced by amendments and exhibited strong correlations with pH(Pearson’s r:-0.908 to-0.825,P<0.001),suggesting water extraction as a more sensitive approach.Furthermore,newly introduced metals underwent a more evident aging process as demonstrated by acid-soluble and water-soluble pools.Additionally,water-soluble concentrations of essential metals were impacted by soil amendments,raising caution on their potential effects on plant growth.These findings suggest water extraction as a promising and attractive method to evaluate Cd and Pb availability,which will help provide assessment guidance for environmental risks caused by heavy metals and develop efficient remediation strategies.
文摘BACKGROUND This case report describes a protocol developed by Danaun Medical Clinic for the introduction of a pioneering intervention comprising intravenous human placen-tal extract(HPE)therapy to improve the liver function of patients with chronic liver disease(CLD).CASE SUMMARY This study involved data from patients whose chief complaint was reduced quality of life attributable to CLD.The new treatment approach resulted in improvements in the liver function and fatty liver of 30 patients with CLD.Im-provements were observed using abdominal ultrasonography.Unlike traditional methods,this protocol provided more sustainable and meaningful results.Treat-ment with 10 mL of HPE administered intravenously once or twice per week significantly improved liver function.The observed improvements in fatty liver and liver function suggest the utility of this approach for the management of patients with CLD.CONCLUSION This case series highlights the potential of innovative treatments for patients with CLD that could improve the quality of life of the patients.
文摘In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shipping is characterized by a vast array of document types, filled with complex, large-scale, and often chaotic knowledge and relationships. Effectively managing these documents is crucial for developing a Large Language Model (LLM) in the maritime domain, enabling practitioners to access and leverage valuable information. A Knowledge Graph (KG) offers a state-of-the-art solution for enhancing knowledge retrieval, providing more accurate responses and enabling context-aware reasoning. This paper presents a framework for utilizing maritime and shipping documents to construct a knowledge graph using GraphRAG, a hybrid tool combining graph-based retrieval and generation capabilities. The extraction of entities and relationships from these documents and the KG construction process are detailed. Furthermore, the KG is integrated with an LLM to develop a Q&A system, demonstrating that the system significantly improves answer accuracy compared to traditional LLMs. Additionally, the KG construction process is up to 50% faster than conventional LLM-based approaches, underscoring the efficiency of our method. This study provides a promising approach to digital intelligence in shipping, advancing knowledge accessibility and decision-making.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82130112,U24A20789)Beijing Hospitals Authority Ascent Plan(DFL20190702)Youth Beijing Scholar(2022-051)。
文摘Lonicera japonica(honeysuckle)is a traditional Chinese medicinal food,in which the main active ingredients are phenolic acids,polysaccharides,flavonoids,and volatile oils.They have various biological activities,including antiviral,antibacterial,antioxidant,hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering,and anti-inflammatory effects.This review summarizes the health effects and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of L.japonica extracts and the major active ingredients in these extracts,and the structures,metabolic process in vivo,and biotransformation processes of these compounds.In addition,the current status of the development of L.japonica-related functional foods is summarized.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the further development and use of the active ingredients in L.japonica as functional foods for disease prevention and treatment.
