Simulation of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is essential for evaluating adverse health effects.In this work,an ambient exposure system that mimicked real atmospheric conditions was installed in Taiyuan,Chi...Simulation of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is essential for evaluating adverse health effects.In this work,an ambient exposure system that mimicked real atmospheric conditions was installed in Taiyuan,China to study impacts of chronic PM_(2.5) exposure on adult and aged mice as well as Sirtuin3 knockout(Sirt3 KO)mice and wild-type(WT)mice.The real-ambient exposure system eliminated the possible artificial effects caused from exposure experiments and maintained the physiochemical characteristics of PM_(2.5).The case studies indicated that aged mice exhibited apparent heart dysfunction involving in-creased heart rate and decreased blood pressure after 17-week of real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure.Meanwhile,15-week of real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure decreased the heart rate and amounts of associated catecholamines to induce heart failure in Sirt3 KO mice.Additionally,the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased platelet related indices suggested that inflammation occurred.The changes of biomarkers detected by targeted metabolomics confirmed metabolic disorder in WT and Sirt3 KO mice after exposed to real-ambient PM_(2.5).These results indicated that the real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure system could evaluate the risks of certain diseases associated with air pollution and have great potential for support-ing the investigations of PM_(2.5) effects on other types of rodent models.展开更多
Chemical modifications of proteins induced by ambient ozone(O_(3))and nitrogen oxides(NOx)are of public health concerns due to their potential to trigger respiratory diseases.The laboratory and environmental exposure ...Chemical modifications of proteins induced by ambient ozone(O_(3))and nitrogen oxides(NOx)are of public health concerns due to their potential to trigger respiratory diseases.The laboratory and environmental exposure systems have been widely used to investigate their relevant mechanism in the atmosphere.Using bovine serum albumin(BSA)as a model protein,we evaluated the two systems and aimed to reduce the uncertainties of both the reactants and products in the corresponding kinetic study.In the laboratory simulation system,the generated gaseous pollutants showed negligible losses.Ten layers of BSA were coated on the flow tube with protein extraction recovery of 87.4%.For environmental exposure experiment,quartz fiber filter was selected as the upper filter with low gaseous O_(3)(8.0%)and NO_(2)(1.7%)losses,and cellulose acetate filter was appropriate for the lower filter with protein extraction efficiency of 95.2%.The protein degradation process was observed without the exposure to atmospheric oxidants and contributed to the loss of protein monomer mass fractions,while environmental factors(e.g.,molecular oxygen and ultraviolet)may cause greater protein monomer losses.Based on the evaluation,the study exemplarily applied the two systems to protein modification and both showed that O_(3) promotes the protein oligomerization and nitration,while increased temperature can accelerate the oligomerization and increased relative humidity can inhibit the nitration in the environmental exposure samples.The developed laboratory and environmental systems are suitable for studying protein modifications formed under different atmospheric conditions.A combination of the two will further reveal the actual mechanism of protein modifications.展开更多
Foliar uptake of airborne metal(loid)s plays a crucial role in metal(loid)accumulation in plant organs and is influ-enced by the size and emission sources of aerosols.Given the high enrichment of toxic metal(loid)s in...Foliar uptake of airborne metal(loid)s plays a crucial role in metal(loid)accumulation in plant organs and is influ-enced by the size and emission sources of aerosols.Given the high enrichment of toxic metal(loid)s in submicron-scale particulates(PM1),this study established a PM1 exposure system to examine airborne metal(loid)accu-mulation and foliar physiological responses in Oryza sativa L.The results showed that the concentrations of Cu,Zn,As,Pb,and Cd in the leaves and grains were influenced not only by the airborne metal(loid)levels but also by the specific nature of the PM1 particles.The quantitative model for PM1-associated Pb entry into leaf tissue indicated that foliar Pb accumulation was primarily driven by particle adhesion,followed by hydrophilic pene-tration and trans-stomatal liquid film migration,accounting for 87%–89%of the total accumulation.The strong hygroscopicity and high Pb activity of PM1 emitted from waste incineration(WI)increased the Pb absorption coefficient via the hydrophilic and liquid film migration pathway.In contrast,the high hydrophobicity of PM1 from coal burning(CB)led to greater retention of Pb on leaf surfaces.Both foliar reactive oxygen metabolism and photosynthesis indices were sensitive to air pollution.Foliar metal(loid)accumulation and airborne PM1 concentration accounted for the variance in physiological responses in rice leaves.Our results also indicated that Pb was the key element in PM1 emissions from both coal burning(CB)and waste incineration(WI)responsible for significant physiological changes in rice leaves.展开更多
Systemic toxicity caused by repeated exposure to both polar and nonpolar leachables of di(2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-cyclohexane plasticized polyvinyl chloride(PVC)was evaluated with dual routes of parenteral administration me...Systemic toxicity caused by repeated exposure to both polar and nonpolar leachables of di(2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-cyclohexane plasticized polyvinyl chloride(PVC)was evaluated with dual routes of parenteral administration method on rats in the study.Experimental group and control group were designed by researchers.Tail intravenous injection with 0.9%sodium chloride injection extracts and intraperitoneal injection with corn oil extracts were conducted to the experimental rats while tail intravenous injection with 0.9%sodium chloride Injection and intraperitoneal injection with corn oil were conducted to the control rats.After 14 days,blood specimens were collected for clinical pathology(hematology and clinical chemistry)analysis.Selected organs were weighed and a histopathological examination was conducted.As a result,compared with the control animals,there were no toxicity-related changes on the parameters above.The results show that the rats do not show obvious systemic toxicity reaction caused by repeated exposure with dual routes of parenteral administration method on rats after administration with both polar and nonpolar exacts of di(2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-cyclohexane plasticized PVC simultaneously up for 14 days.展开更多
In this paper,NiCrAlY coating was deposited on TC4 titanium alloy using arc ion plating,and the stability of NiCrAlY coating/TC4 substrate system under pure thermal exposure was analyzed in a wide temperature range.Du...In this paper,NiCrAlY coating was deposited on TC4 titanium alloy using arc ion plating,and the stability of NiCrAlY coating/TC4 substrate system under pure thermal exposure was analyzed in a wide temperature range.During the thermal exposure,β→γ′→γphase transformation takes place in the NiCrAlY coating.The NiCrAlY coating phases totally decompose above the allotropic transformation temperature of TC4.The allotropic transformation ofα-Ti to β-Ti of the substrate significantly influences the stability of NiCrAlY coating/TC4 substrate system.NiCrAlY coating elements are mainly consumed by interfacial reactions below the allotropic transformation temperature of TC4.Above the allotropic transformation temperature of TC4,NiCrAlY coating elements are mainly consumed by element dissolution in β-Ti.The NiCrAlY coating totally degrades for the dissolution of coating elements in the substrate to form thickβ-Ti stabilized layer.展开更多
Cumulative inhalation of respirable coal mine dust(RCMD)can lead to severe lung diseases,including coal worker's pneu-moconiosis(CWP),silicosis,mixed dust pneumoconiosis,dust-related diffuse fibrosis(DDF),and prog...Cumulative inhalation of respirable coal mine dust(RCMD)can lead to severe lung diseases,including coal worker's pneu-moconiosis(CWP),silicosis,mixed dust pneumoconiosis,dust-related diffuse fibrosis(DDF),and progressive massive fibrosis(PMF).Statistics from the number of reported cases showed a significant decrease in the progression of respiratory diseases in the 1990s.However,an unexpected increase in the number of CWP cases was reported in the late 1990s.To date,there has been no comprehensive systematic review to assess all contributing factors to the resurgence of CWP cases.This study aims to investigate the effects of various mining parameters on the prevalence of CWP in coal mines.A systematic review using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis(PRISMA)method was conducted to investigate the health effects of RCMD exposure and identify the factors that may contribute to the recent resurgence of CWP cases.The systematic review yielded a total of 401 papers,which were added to the database.The total number of 148 and 208 papers were excluded from the database in the process of screening and eligibility,respectively.Then,18 papers were considered for data selection and full-text assessment.The review revealed that factors including geographic location,mine size,mining operation type,coal-seam thickness,coal rank,changes in mining practices,technology advancement,and engi-neering dust control practices are contributing to the recent resurgence of CWP among coal workers.However,the evidence for root causes is limited owing to the methodological constraints of the studies;therefore,further detailed studies are needed.展开更多
Existing three-dimensional(3D) imaging technologies have issues such as requiring active illumination, multiple exposures, or coding modulation. We propose a passive single 3D imaging method based on an ordinary imagi...Existing three-dimensional(3D) imaging technologies have issues such as requiring active illumination, multiple exposures, or coding modulation. We propose a passive single 3D imaging method based on an ordinary imaging system.Using the point spread function of the imaging system to realize the non-coding measurement on the target, the full-focus images and depth information of the 3D target can be extracted from a single two-dimensional(2D) image through the compressed sensing algorithm. Simulation and experiments show that this approach can complete passive 3D imaging based on an ordinary imaging system without any coding operations. This method can achieve millimeter-level vertical resolution under single exposure conditions and has the potential for real-time dynamic 3D imaging. It improves the efficiency of 3D information detection, reduces the complexity of the imaging system, and may be of considerable value to the field of computer vision and other related applications.展开更多
This paper studies the technics of reducing item exposure by utilizing automatic item generation methods. Known test item calibration method uses item parameter estimation with the statistical data, collected during e...This paper studies the technics of reducing item exposure by utilizing automatic item generation methods. Known test item calibration method uses item parameter estimation with the statistical data, collected during examinees prior testing. Disadvantage of the mentioned item calibration method is the item exposure; when test items become familiar to the examinees. To reduce the item exposure, automatic item generation method is used, where item models are being constructed based on already calibrated test items without losing already estimated item parameters. A technic of item model extraction method from the already calibrated and therefore exposed test items described, which can be used by the test item development specialists to integrate automatic item generation principles with the existing testing applications.展开更多
Background:During the production of tea,tea dust has been viewed as a risk factor that may cause the suffering of changes of lung function and respiratory symptoms.Objective:To review whether the occupational exposure...Background:During the production of tea,tea dust has been viewed as a risk factor that may cause the suffering of changes of lung function and respiratory symptoms.Objective:To review whether the occupational exposure to tea dust may lead to the changes of lung function and respiratory symptoms.Methods:We searched the literatures in March 2012 in the databases of Medline,EMBase,Web of Science,Wan-Fang Database and CNKI.The search condition is"(herb OR tea)AND(lung function OR ventilatory function OR pulmonary function OR spirometric measurement)".The paper should be pubished in Enghish or Chinese,with internal or external controls.Results:Totally 17 papers were included.Both acute and chronic changes of lung function were referred.In addition,the respiratory symptoms such as cough,tightness and etc.were also reported and discussed.Conclusion:We concluded that the exposure of tea dust may lead to the changes of lung function and respiratory symptoms.展开更多
A TEM cell designed to operate at 900 MHz for exposing small-restrained animals (e.g. mice) has been theoretically, numerically and experimentally characterized at 2.45 GHz, which is the central frequency of the WiFi ...A TEM cell designed to operate at 900 MHz for exposing small-restrained animals (e.g. mice) has been theoretically, numerically and experimentally characterized at 2.45 GHz, which is the central frequency of the WiFi protocol. This study aims at evaluating the influence of higher order modes on the field homogeneity. The results demonstrate the superimposition of a tolerable standing wave, due to reflections at the cell terminations, and a slight beat wave due to the interference between different modes. Nevertheless, the final outcome is that the system can still be efficiently used to expose small animals in specific WiFi channels, provided they are properly placed in correspondence to the maxima of the electric field along the guide length.展开更多
Synthetic phenolic antioxidants(SPAs)are widely used in diverse industries due to their exceptional antioxidant characteristics.However,human exposure to SPAs may cause health problems.In this study,226 dust samples w...Synthetic phenolic antioxidants(SPAs)are widely used in diverse industries due to their exceptional antioxidant characteristics.However,human exposure to SPAs may cause health problems.In this study,226 dust samples were collected from 10 provinces in China,and six SPAs(three parent SPAs and their three transformation products)were analyzed.The concentrations of6SPAs(the sum of six target compounds)ranged from 15.4 to 3210 ng/g(geometric mean(GM):169 ng/g).The highest concentration of6SPAswas found in Sichuan Province(GM:349 ng/g),which was approximately 4 times higher than that in Hubei Province(81.6 ng/g)(p<0.05).The concentrations of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT),2,2'-methylene bis(4-methyl-6–tert-butylphenol)(AO2246),2,6-di–tert–butyl–1,4-benzoquinone(BHT-Q),2,6-di–tert–butyl–4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol(BHT-OH),and ∑_(p)-SPAs were substantially higher in dust from urban areas than rural areas(p<0.05).AO2246 concentration in dust from homes(GM:0.400 ng/g)was about 4 times higher than that in workplaces(0.116 ng/g)(p<0.01).Significantly higherp-SPAs concentrations were found in dust from homes(GM:17.5 ng/g)than workplaces(11.4 ng/g)(p<0.01).The estimated daily intakes(EDIs)of ∑_(6)SPAs exposed through dust ingestion were 0.582,0.342,0.197,0.076,and 0.080 ng/kg bw/day in different age groups,and exposed through dermal contact was 0.358,0.252,0.174,0.167,and 0.177 ng/kg bw/day.EDIs showed that the exposure risks of SPAs decreased with age.This is the first work to determine SPAs in dust from10 provinces in China and investigate the spatial distribution of SPAs in those regions.展开更多
This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high con...This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high concentrations of 16 EPA PAHs(∑Parent-PAHs)in smelting subarea of studied petroleum refinery facility,total derivatives of PAHs[named as XPAHs,including nitro PAHs(NPAHs),chlorinated PAHs(Cl-PAHs),and brominated PAHs(Br-PAHs)]in gas(mean=1.57×10^(4)ng/m^(3)),total suspended particulate(TSP)(mean=4.33×10^(3) ng/m^(3))and soil(mean=4.37×10^(3) ng/g)in this subarea had 1.76-6.19 times higher levels than those from other subareas of this facility,surrounding residential areas and reference areas,indicating that petroleum refining processes would lead apparent derivation of PAHs.Especially,compared with those in residential and reference areas,gas samples in the petrochemical areas had higher∑NPAH/∑PAHs(mean=2.18),but lower∑Cl-PAH/∑PAHs(mean=1.43×10^(-1))and∑Br-PAH/∑PAHs ratios(mean=7.49×10^(-2)),indicating the richer nitrification of PAHs than chlorination during petrochemical process.The occupational exposure to PAHs and XPAHs in this petroleum refinery facility were 24-343 times higher than non-occupational exposure,and the ILCR(1.04×10^(-4))for petrochemical workers was considered to be potential high risk.Furthermore,one expanded high-resolution screening through GC Orbitrap/MS was performed for soils from petrochemical area,and another 35 PAHs were found,including alkyl-PAHs,phenyl-PAHs and other species,indicat-ing that profiles and risks of PAHs analogs in petrochemical areas deserve further expanded investigation.展开更多
This article discusses the evolving real-world practice using nitazoxanide,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)and/or azithromycin(Kelleni’s protocol)to manage the evolving manifestations of severe acute resp...This article discusses the evolving real-world practice using nitazoxanide,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)and/or azithromycin(Kelleni’s protocol)to manage the evolving manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron EG.5.1,its descendant HV.1 as well as BA.2.86 and its descendant JN.1 subvariants in Egypt in 2024.These subvariants are well-known for their highly evolved immune-evasive properties and the manifestations include some peculiar manifestations as persistent cough besides high fever in young children as well as high fever,persistent severe cough,change of voice,loss of taste and smell,epigastric pain,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,generalized malaise and marked bone aches in adults including the high-risk groups.It’s suggested that the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 evolution is continuing to mostly affect the high-risk groups of patients,to some of whom we’ve also successfully prescribed nitazoxanide and/or NSAIDs for post-exposure prophylaxis of all household contacts.We also continue to recommend starting the immune-modulatory antiviral Kelleni’s protocol as soon as possible in the course of infection and adjusting it in a personalized manner to be more aggressive from the beginning for the high risk patients,at least until the currently encountered surge of infections subsides.展开更多
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis.However,molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed.Herein,metabolic profiles o...Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis.However,molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed.Herein,metabolic profiles of human alveolar type II epithelial cells(A549 cells)exposed directly to silica were characterized using non-targeted metabolomic approaches.A total of 84 differential metabolites(DMs)were identified in silica-treated A549 cells undergoing EMT,which were mainly enriched in metabolisms of amino acids(e.g.,glutamate,alanine,aspartate),purine metabolism,glycolysis,etc.The number of DMs identified in the A549 cells obviously increased with the elevated exposure concentration of silica.Remarkably,glutamine catabolism was significantly promoted in the silica-treated A549 cells,and the levels of related metabolites(e.g.,succinate)and enzymes(e.g.,α-ketoglutarate(α-KG)dehydrogenase)were substantially up-regulated,with a preference toα-KG pathway.Supplementation of glutamine into the cell culture could substantially enhance the expression levels of both EMT-related markers and Snail(zinc finger transcription factor).Our results suggest that the EMT of human alveolar epithelial cells directly induced by silica can be essential to the development of silicosis.展开更多
To further expand the application of Mg alloys at high temperatures,the oxidation resistance of Mg-0.3Ca and Mg-3.6Ca alloys with protective coating under flame exposure was studied.Results show that the oxidation res...To further expand the application of Mg alloys at high temperatures,the oxidation resistance of Mg-0.3Ca and Mg-3.6Ca alloys with protective coating under flame exposure was studied.Results show that the oxidation resistance of Mg-Ca alloys under flame exposure is significantly improved by the protective coating,and Mg-3.6Ca alloy shows better oxidation resistance performance.The surface temperature of Mg-Ca alloys is reduced by the coating,therefore improving the oxidation resistance under flame exposure.However,the thermal insulation effect of the coating on Mg-3.6Ca alloy is better,which can be attributed to the Ca accumulation on the surface film.In addition,the surface film with Ca accumulation layer plays a crucial role in protecting the alloy.No obvious Ca accumulation layer exists on the Mg-0.3Ca alloy surface,presenting a restricted protective effect.Nevertheless,the surface film containing Ca accumulation layer is formed on Mg-3.6 Ca alloy,which shows an excellent protective effect.展开更多
Many studies have shown the negative relationship between long term exposure to PM_(2.5)and cardiac dysfunction.Recently,studies have shown that even a single exposure of PM_(2.5)from air sample in permissible range c...Many studies have shown the negative relationship between long term exposure to PM_(2.5)and cardiac dysfunction.Recently,studies have shown that even a single exposure of PM_(2.5)from air sample in permissible range can induce very mild cardiac pathological changes.In the present study,we revisited the toxic effect of PM_(2.5)on rat heart by adopting single and multiple exposure durations.FemaleWistar ratswere exposed to PM_(2.5)at a concentration of 250μg/m3 daily for 3 hr for single(1 day)and multiple(7,14,21 days)durations.The major pathological changes noted in 21 days exposed myocardium comprised of an elevated ST segment(the segment between the S wave and the T wave),development of cardiac fibrosis,hypertrophy,cardiac injury,tissue inflammation and declined cardiac function.With 14 days exposed heart,the electrocardiograms(ECG),data showed insignificantly declined heart rate and an increased QT(the time from the start of the Q wave to the end of the T wave)interval along with mild fibrosis,hypertrophy and lesser number of TUNEL positive cells.On the other hand,single-and 7-days exposure to PM_(2.5)did not impart any significant changes in the myocardium.To determine the reversibility potential of PM_(2.5)induced cardiotoxicity,a washout period of 24 hours was adopted and all observed changes in the myocardium were reversed till day 7,but not in 14-and 21-days exposed samples.Based on the above findings we concluded that PM_(2.5)associated cardiac dysfunction is the cumulative outcome of ineffective cardiac adaptive and repair process that accumulate additively over the time due to prolonged exposure durations.展开更多
The future increased frequency and intensity of heat waves(HWs)across China will exacerbate adverse effects on society and the environment.However,changes in socioeconomic exposure remain underexplored.In this study,c...The future increased frequency and intensity of heat waves(HWs)across China will exacerbate adverse effects on society and the environment.However,changes in socioeconomic exposure remain underexplored.In this study,climate model outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6),together with population and gross domestic product(GDP)projections were used to investigate projected heat stress and socioeconomic exposure across China and its eight subregions under four shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP1–2.6,SSP2–4.5,SSP3–7.0,and SSP5–8.5)over three periods(2021–2040,2051–2070,and 2081–2100).Our results indicate a consistent upward trend in the Universal Thermal Climate Index(UTCI)across all scenarios,with intensifying increases over time,peaking at>6°C.This suggests a continuous increase in the number of extreme heat events(EHEs)in China.Population exposure to EHEs across the four UTCI thresholds(>26°C,>32°C,>38°C,and>46°C)shows an increasing trend.Projections indicate a∼14-fold increase nationwide,500-fold increase in Northwest China(NWC),and a 1000-fold in Southwest China(SWC2)under SSP5–8.5 by2081–2100 compared with current levels.The eastern and southeastern regions,especially the Yangtze River and Pearl River Delta,show significant GDP exposure increases under SSP3–7.0 and SSP5–8.5.Population exposure is mainly driven by climatic effects under severe scenarios,whereas GDP exposure is influenced by interaction effects,particularly under SSP5–8.5 and during the 2090s.This study's findings offer actionable insights for targeted adaptation in China's diverse geographies.展开更多
Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemio...Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemiology and risk assessment,including high dimensionality,correlated exposure,and subtle individual effects.Methods We proposed a novel statistical approach,the generalized functional linear model(GFLM),to analyze the health effects of exposure mixtures.GFLM treats the effect of mixture exposures as a smooth function by reordering exposures based on specific mechanisms and capturing internal correlations to provide a meaningful estimation and interpretation.The robustness and efficiency was evaluated under various scenarios through extensive simulation studies.Results We applied the GFLM to two datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).In the first application,we examined the effects of 37 nutrients on BMI(2011–2016 cycles).The GFLM identified a significant mixture effect,with fiber and fat emerging as the nutrients with the greatest negative and positive effects on BMI,respectively.For the second application,we investigated the association between four pre-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and gout risk(2007–2018 cycles).Unlike traditional methods,the GFLM indicated no significant association,demonstrating its robustness to multicollinearity.Conclusion GFLM framework is a powerful tool for mixture exposure analysis,offering improved handling of correlated exposures and interpretable results.It demonstrates robust performance across various scenarios and real-world applications,advancing our understanding of complex environmental exposures and their health impacts on environmental epidemiology and toxicology.展开更多
Publisher Correction to:Journal of Forestry Research(2025)36:29 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01823-0 In Fig.4c of this article,the lower part of the figure was unintentionally cropped and incomplete during the p...Publisher Correction to:Journal of Forestry Research(2025)36:29 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01823-0 In Fig.4c of this article,the lower part of the figure was unintentionally cropped and incomplete during the publisher's production process.The published incorrect version and the corrected version of Fig.4 are given below.展开更多
BACKGROUND The increasing risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)associated with worsening environmental exposure is a critical health concern garnering global research attention.AIM To systematically assess the scope and...BACKGROUND The increasing risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)associated with worsening environmental exposure is a critical health concern garnering global research attention.AIM To systematically assess the scope and characteristics of research on the relationship between environmental exposure and CVD.METHODS A thorough examination of publications on the relationship between environmental exposure and CVD from 1999 to 2022 was carried out by extensively screening the literature using the Web of Science Core Collection.The language of the selected publications was standardized to English.Afterward,different academic tools such as CiteSpace,VOSviewer,HistCite,Python,Matplotlib,and Bibliometrix were utilized to examine the research trends in this field.RESULTS The study’s findings indicated a steady increase in scientific publications among the 1640 analyzed documents,peaking in 2022 with 197 publications.The United States emerged as the leading nation regarding high-quality publications and international collaboration.Harvard University was identified as the most prolific institution.“Environmental research”was the most frequently contributing journal,and Muenzel T was recognized as the top contributor.Current research hotspots are primarily concentrated on themes such as“cardiovascular disease”,“exposure”,“risk”,“mortality”,and“air pollution”.CONCLUSION This study highlights increasing research on the link between environmental exposure and CVD,identifying key exposures and diseases while emphasizing the need for further investigation into underlying mechanisms.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91843301,91543202 and 21806025)collaborative research fund from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(No.C2014-14E)。
文摘Simulation of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is essential for evaluating adverse health effects.In this work,an ambient exposure system that mimicked real atmospheric conditions was installed in Taiyuan,China to study impacts of chronic PM_(2.5) exposure on adult and aged mice as well as Sirtuin3 knockout(Sirt3 KO)mice and wild-type(WT)mice.The real-ambient exposure system eliminated the possible artificial effects caused from exposure experiments and maintained the physiochemical characteristics of PM_(2.5).The case studies indicated that aged mice exhibited apparent heart dysfunction involving in-creased heart rate and decreased blood pressure after 17-week of real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure.Meanwhile,15-week of real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure decreased the heart rate and amounts of associated catecholamines to induce heart failure in Sirt3 KO mice.Additionally,the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased platelet related indices suggested that inflammation occurred.The changes of biomarkers detected by targeted metabolomics confirmed metabolic disorder in WT and Sirt3 KO mice after exposed to real-ambient PM_(2.5).These results indicated that the real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure system could evaluate the risks of certain diseases associated with air pollution and have great potential for support-ing the investigations of PM_(2.5) effects on other types of rodent models.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41975156,41675119)。
文摘Chemical modifications of proteins induced by ambient ozone(O_(3))and nitrogen oxides(NOx)are of public health concerns due to their potential to trigger respiratory diseases.The laboratory and environmental exposure systems have been widely used to investigate their relevant mechanism in the atmosphere.Using bovine serum albumin(BSA)as a model protein,we evaluated the two systems and aimed to reduce the uncertainties of both the reactants and products in the corresponding kinetic study.In the laboratory simulation system,the generated gaseous pollutants showed negligible losses.Ten layers of BSA were coated on the flow tube with protein extraction recovery of 87.4%.For environmental exposure experiment,quartz fiber filter was selected as the upper filter with low gaseous O_(3)(8.0%)and NO_(2)(1.7%)losses,and cellulose acetate filter was appropriate for the lower filter with protein extraction efficiency of 95.2%.The protein degradation process was observed without the exposure to atmospheric oxidants and contributed to the loss of protein monomer mass fractions,while environmental factors(e.g.,molecular oxygen and ultraviolet)may cause greater protein monomer losses.Based on the evaluation,the study exemplarily applied the two systems to protein modification and both showed that O_(3) promotes the protein oligomerization and nitration,while increased temperature can accelerate the oligomerization and increased relative humidity can inhibit the nitration in the environmental exposure samples.The developed laboratory and environmental systems are suitable for studying protein modifications formed under different atmospheric conditions.A combination of the two will further reveal the actual mechanism of protein modifications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077367 and 21677123).
文摘Foliar uptake of airborne metal(loid)s plays a crucial role in metal(loid)accumulation in plant organs and is influ-enced by the size and emission sources of aerosols.Given the high enrichment of toxic metal(loid)s in submicron-scale particulates(PM1),this study established a PM1 exposure system to examine airborne metal(loid)accu-mulation and foliar physiological responses in Oryza sativa L.The results showed that the concentrations of Cu,Zn,As,Pb,and Cd in the leaves and grains were influenced not only by the airborne metal(loid)levels but also by the specific nature of the PM1 particles.The quantitative model for PM1-associated Pb entry into leaf tissue indicated that foliar Pb accumulation was primarily driven by particle adhesion,followed by hydrophilic pene-tration and trans-stomatal liquid film migration,accounting for 87%–89%of the total accumulation.The strong hygroscopicity and high Pb activity of PM1 emitted from waste incineration(WI)increased the Pb absorption coefficient via the hydrophilic and liquid film migration pathway.In contrast,the high hydrophobicity of PM1 from coal burning(CB)led to greater retention of Pb on leaf surfaces.Both foliar reactive oxygen metabolism and photosynthesis indices were sensitive to air pollution.Foliar metal(loid)accumulation and airborne PM1 concentration accounted for the variance in physiological responses in rice leaves.Our results also indicated that Pb was the key element in PM1 emissions from both coal burning(CB)and waste incineration(WI)responsible for significant physiological changes in rice leaves.
基金The authors are grateful to the financial support of National Key Research and Development Program,No.2016YFC1103205.
文摘Systemic toxicity caused by repeated exposure to both polar and nonpolar leachables of di(2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-cyclohexane plasticized polyvinyl chloride(PVC)was evaluated with dual routes of parenteral administration method on rats in the study.Experimental group and control group were designed by researchers.Tail intravenous injection with 0.9%sodium chloride injection extracts and intraperitoneal injection with corn oil extracts were conducted to the experimental rats while tail intravenous injection with 0.9%sodium chloride Injection and intraperitoneal injection with corn oil were conducted to the control rats.After 14 days,blood specimens were collected for clinical pathology(hematology and clinical chemistry)analysis.Selected organs were weighed and a histopathological examination was conducted.As a result,compared with the control animals,there were no toxicity-related changes on the parameters above.The results show that the rats do not show obvious systemic toxicity reaction caused by repeated exposure with dual routes of parenteral administration method on rats after administration with both polar and nonpolar exacts of di(2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-cyclohexane plasticized PVC simultaneously up for 14 days.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51101054)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Materials(No.2012-Z03)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.14JJ3132)
文摘In this paper,NiCrAlY coating was deposited on TC4 titanium alloy using arc ion plating,and the stability of NiCrAlY coating/TC4 substrate system under pure thermal exposure was analyzed in a wide temperature range.During the thermal exposure,β→γ′→γphase transformation takes place in the NiCrAlY coating.The NiCrAlY coating phases totally decompose above the allotropic transformation temperature of TC4.The allotropic transformation ofα-Ti to β-Ti of the substrate significantly influences the stability of NiCrAlY coating/TC4 substrate system.NiCrAlY coating elements are mainly consumed by interfacial reactions below the allotropic transformation temperature of TC4.Above the allotropic transformation temperature of TC4,NiCrAlY coating elements are mainly consumed by element dissolution in β-Ti.The NiCrAlY coating totally degrades for the dissolution of coating elements in the substrate to form thickβ-Ti stabilized layer.
基金funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (75D30119C06390).
文摘Cumulative inhalation of respirable coal mine dust(RCMD)can lead to severe lung diseases,including coal worker's pneu-moconiosis(CWP),silicosis,mixed dust pneumoconiosis,dust-related diffuse fibrosis(DDF),and progressive massive fibrosis(PMF).Statistics from the number of reported cases showed a significant decrease in the progression of respiratory diseases in the 1990s.However,an unexpected increase in the number of CWP cases was reported in the late 1990s.To date,there has been no comprehensive systematic review to assess all contributing factors to the resurgence of CWP cases.This study aims to investigate the effects of various mining parameters on the prevalence of CWP in coal mines.A systematic review using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis(PRISMA)method was conducted to investigate the health effects of RCMD exposure and identify the factors that may contribute to the recent resurgence of CWP cases.The systematic review yielded a total of 401 papers,which were added to the database.The total number of 148 and 208 papers were excluded from the database in the process of screening and eligibility,respectively.Then,18 papers were considered for data selection and full-text assessment.The review revealed that factors including geographic location,mine size,mining operation type,coal-seam thickness,coal rank,changes in mining practices,technology advancement,and engi-neering dust control practices are contributing to the recent resurgence of CWP among coal workers.However,the evidence for root causes is limited owing to the methodological constraints of the studies;therefore,further detailed studies are needed.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFB0504302)Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars (Grant No. 202122012)。
文摘Existing three-dimensional(3D) imaging technologies have issues such as requiring active illumination, multiple exposures, or coding modulation. We propose a passive single 3D imaging method based on an ordinary imaging system.Using the point spread function of the imaging system to realize the non-coding measurement on the target, the full-focus images and depth information of the 3D target can be extracted from a single two-dimensional(2D) image through the compressed sensing algorithm. Simulation and experiments show that this approach can complete passive 3D imaging based on an ordinary imaging system without any coding operations. This method can achieve millimeter-level vertical resolution under single exposure conditions and has the potential for real-time dynamic 3D imaging. It improves the efficiency of 3D information detection, reduces the complexity of the imaging system, and may be of considerable value to the field of computer vision and other related applications.
文摘This paper studies the technics of reducing item exposure by utilizing automatic item generation methods. Known test item calibration method uses item parameter estimation with the statistical data, collected during examinees prior testing. Disadvantage of the mentioned item calibration method is the item exposure; when test items become familiar to the examinees. To reduce the item exposure, automatic item generation method is used, where item models are being constructed based on already calibrated test items without losing already estimated item parameters. A technic of item model extraction method from the already calibrated and therefore exposed test items described, which can be used by the test item development specialists to integrate automatic item generation principles with the existing testing applications.
文摘Background:During the production of tea,tea dust has been viewed as a risk factor that may cause the suffering of changes of lung function and respiratory symptoms.Objective:To review whether the occupational exposure to tea dust may lead to the changes of lung function and respiratory symptoms.Methods:We searched the literatures in March 2012 in the databases of Medline,EMBase,Web of Science,Wan-Fang Database and CNKI.The search condition is"(herb OR tea)AND(lung function OR ventilatory function OR pulmonary function OR spirometric measurement)".The paper should be pubished in Enghish or Chinese,with internal or external controls.Results:Totally 17 papers were included.Both acute and chronic changes of lung function were referred.In addition,the respiratory symptoms such as cough,tightness and etc.were also reported and discussed.Conclusion:We concluded that the exposure of tea dust may lead to the changes of lung function and respiratory symptoms.
文摘A TEM cell designed to operate at 900 MHz for exposing small-restrained animals (e.g. mice) has been theoretically, numerically and experimentally characterized at 2.45 GHz, which is the central frequency of the WiFi protocol. This study aims at evaluating the influence of higher order modes on the field homogeneity. The results demonstrate the superimposition of a tolerable standing wave, due to reflections at the cell terminations, and a slight beat wave due to the interference between different modes. Nevertheless, the final outcome is that the system can still be efficiently used to expose small animals in specific WiFi channels, provided they are properly placed in correspondence to the maxima of the electric field along the guide length.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3706602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22225605 and 22193051)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750200).
文摘Synthetic phenolic antioxidants(SPAs)are widely used in diverse industries due to their exceptional antioxidant characteristics.However,human exposure to SPAs may cause health problems.In this study,226 dust samples were collected from 10 provinces in China,and six SPAs(three parent SPAs and their three transformation products)were analyzed.The concentrations of6SPAs(the sum of six target compounds)ranged from 15.4 to 3210 ng/g(geometric mean(GM):169 ng/g).The highest concentration of6SPAswas found in Sichuan Province(GM:349 ng/g),which was approximately 4 times higher than that in Hubei Province(81.6 ng/g)(p<0.05).The concentrations of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT),2,2'-methylene bis(4-methyl-6–tert-butylphenol)(AO2246),2,6-di–tert–butyl–1,4-benzoquinone(BHT-Q),2,6-di–tert–butyl–4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol(BHT-OH),and ∑_(p)-SPAs were substantially higher in dust from urban areas than rural areas(p<0.05).AO2246 concentration in dust from homes(GM:0.400 ng/g)was about 4 times higher than that in workplaces(0.116 ng/g)(p<0.01).Significantly higherp-SPAs concentrations were found in dust from homes(GM:17.5 ng/g)than workplaces(11.4 ng/g)(p<0.01).The estimated daily intakes(EDIs)of ∑_(6)SPAs exposed through dust ingestion were 0.582,0.342,0.197,0.076,and 0.080 ng/kg bw/day in different age groups,and exposed through dermal contact was 0.358,0.252,0.174,0.167,and 0.177 ng/kg bw/day.EDIs showed that the exposure risks of SPAs decreased with age.This is the first work to determine SPAs in dust from10 provinces in China and investigate the spatial distribution of SPAs in those regions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1804501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22036007 and 22122611)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020ME228)the Introduction and Cultivation Plan for Young Innovative Talents of Colleges and Universities.
文摘This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high concentrations of 16 EPA PAHs(∑Parent-PAHs)in smelting subarea of studied petroleum refinery facility,total derivatives of PAHs[named as XPAHs,including nitro PAHs(NPAHs),chlorinated PAHs(Cl-PAHs),and brominated PAHs(Br-PAHs)]in gas(mean=1.57×10^(4)ng/m^(3)),total suspended particulate(TSP)(mean=4.33×10^(3) ng/m^(3))and soil(mean=4.37×10^(3) ng/g)in this subarea had 1.76-6.19 times higher levels than those from other subareas of this facility,surrounding residential areas and reference areas,indicating that petroleum refining processes would lead apparent derivation of PAHs.Especially,compared with those in residential and reference areas,gas samples in the petrochemical areas had higher∑NPAH/∑PAHs(mean=2.18),but lower∑Cl-PAH/∑PAHs(mean=1.43×10^(-1))and∑Br-PAH/∑PAHs ratios(mean=7.49×10^(-2)),indicating the richer nitrification of PAHs than chlorination during petrochemical process.The occupational exposure to PAHs and XPAHs in this petroleum refinery facility were 24-343 times higher than non-occupational exposure,and the ILCR(1.04×10^(-4))for petrochemical workers was considered to be potential high risk.Furthermore,one expanded high-resolution screening through GC Orbitrap/MS was performed for soils from petrochemical area,and another 35 PAHs were found,including alkyl-PAHs,phenyl-PAHs and other species,indicat-ing that profiles and risks of PAHs analogs in petrochemical areas deserve further expanded investigation.
文摘This article discusses the evolving real-world practice using nitazoxanide,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)and/or azithromycin(Kelleni’s protocol)to manage the evolving manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron EG.5.1,its descendant HV.1 as well as BA.2.86 and its descendant JN.1 subvariants in Egypt in 2024.These subvariants are well-known for their highly evolved immune-evasive properties and the manifestations include some peculiar manifestations as persistent cough besides high fever in young children as well as high fever,persistent severe cough,change of voice,loss of taste and smell,epigastric pain,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,generalized malaise and marked bone aches in adults including the high-risk groups.It’s suggested that the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 evolution is continuing to mostly affect the high-risk groups of patients,to some of whom we’ve also successfully prescribed nitazoxanide and/or NSAIDs for post-exposure prophylaxis of all household contacts.We also continue to recommend starting the immune-modulatory antiviral Kelleni’s protocol as soon as possible in the course of infection and adjusting it in a personalized manner to be more aggressive from the beginning for the high risk patients,at least until the currently encountered surge of infections subsides.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22206207,22127810,and 22276224)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2021A1515011546 and 2023A1515010085)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(No.202102080005)。
文摘Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis.However,molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed.Herein,metabolic profiles of human alveolar type II epithelial cells(A549 cells)exposed directly to silica were characterized using non-targeted metabolomic approaches.A total of 84 differential metabolites(DMs)were identified in silica-treated A549 cells undergoing EMT,which were mainly enriched in metabolisms of amino acids(e.g.,glutamate,alanine,aspartate),purine metabolism,glycolysis,etc.The number of DMs identified in the A549 cells obviously increased with the elevated exposure concentration of silica.Remarkably,glutamine catabolism was significantly promoted in the silica-treated A549 cells,and the levels of related metabolites(e.g.,succinate)and enzymes(e.g.,α-ketoglutarate(α-KG)dehydrogenase)were substantially up-regulated,with a preference toα-KG pathway.Supplementation of glutamine into the cell culture could substantially enhance the expression levels of both EMT-related markers and Snail(zinc finger transcription factor).Our results suggest that the EMT of human alveolar epithelial cells directly induced by silica can be essential to the development of silicosis.
基金General Project of Natural Science Research in Higher Education Institutions in Jiangsu Province(23KJB430039)Major Natural Science Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Jiangsu Province(21KJA460007)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51905462)。
文摘To further expand the application of Mg alloys at high temperatures,the oxidation resistance of Mg-0.3Ca and Mg-3.6Ca alloys with protective coating under flame exposure was studied.Results show that the oxidation resistance of Mg-Ca alloys under flame exposure is significantly improved by the protective coating,and Mg-3.6Ca alloy shows better oxidation resistance performance.The surface temperature of Mg-Ca alloys is reduced by the coating,therefore improving the oxidation resistance under flame exposure.However,the thermal insulation effect of the coating on Mg-3.6Ca alloy is better,which can be attributed to the Ca accumulation on the surface film.In addition,the surface film with Ca accumulation layer plays a crucial role in protecting the alloy.No obvious Ca accumulation layer exists on the Mg-0.3Ca alloy surface,presenting a restricted protective effect.Nevertheless,the surface film containing Ca accumulation layer is formed on Mg-3.6 Ca alloy,which shows an excellent protective effect.
基金the Indian Council of Medical Research(No.3/1/2(22)/Env/2021-NCD-II)Department of science and technology,India(CRG/2021/000227)for funding this research.
文摘Many studies have shown the negative relationship between long term exposure to PM_(2.5)and cardiac dysfunction.Recently,studies have shown that even a single exposure of PM_(2.5)from air sample in permissible range can induce very mild cardiac pathological changes.In the present study,we revisited the toxic effect of PM_(2.5)on rat heart by adopting single and multiple exposure durations.FemaleWistar ratswere exposed to PM_(2.5)at a concentration of 250μg/m3 daily for 3 hr for single(1 day)and multiple(7,14,21 days)durations.The major pathological changes noted in 21 days exposed myocardium comprised of an elevated ST segment(the segment between the S wave and the T wave),development of cardiac fibrosis,hypertrophy,cardiac injury,tissue inflammation and declined cardiac function.With 14 days exposed heart,the electrocardiograms(ECG),data showed insignificantly declined heart rate and an increased QT(the time from the start of the Q wave to the end of the T wave)interval along with mild fibrosis,hypertrophy and lesser number of TUNEL positive cells.On the other hand,single-and 7-days exposure to PM_(2.5)did not impart any significant changes in the myocardium.To determine the reversibility potential of PM_(2.5)induced cardiotoxicity,a washout period of 24 hours was adopted and all observed changes in the myocardium were reversed till day 7,but not in 14-and 21-days exposed samples.Based on the above findings we concluded that PM_(2.5)associated cardiac dysfunction is the cumulative outcome of ineffective cardiac adaptive and repair process that accumulate additively over the time due to prolonged exposure durations.
基金supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2023xjkk0101)the National Youth Talent Project(Grant No.E4150103)。
文摘The future increased frequency and intensity of heat waves(HWs)across China will exacerbate adverse effects on society and the environment.However,changes in socioeconomic exposure remain underexplored.In this study,climate model outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6),together with population and gross domestic product(GDP)projections were used to investigate projected heat stress and socioeconomic exposure across China and its eight subregions under four shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP1–2.6,SSP2–4.5,SSP3–7.0,and SSP5–8.5)over three periods(2021–2040,2051–2070,and 2081–2100).Our results indicate a consistent upward trend in the Universal Thermal Climate Index(UTCI)across all scenarios,with intensifying increases over time,peaking at>6°C.This suggests a continuous increase in the number of extreme heat events(EHEs)in China.Population exposure to EHEs across the four UTCI thresholds(>26°C,>32°C,>38°C,and>46°C)shows an increasing trend.Projections indicate a∼14-fold increase nationwide,500-fold increase in Northwest China(NWC),and a 1000-fold in Southwest China(SWC2)under SSP5–8.5 by2081–2100 compared with current levels.The eastern and southeastern regions,especially the Yangtze River and Pearl River Delta,show significant GDP exposure increases under SSP3–7.0 and SSP5–8.5.Population exposure is mainly driven by climatic effects under severe scenarios,whereas GDP exposure is influenced by interaction effects,particularly under SSP5–8.5 and during the 2090s.This study's findings offer actionable insights for targeted adaptation in China's diverse geographies.
基金supported in part by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82304253)(and 82273709)the Foundation for Young Talents in Higher Education of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2022KQNCX021)the PhD Starting Project of Guangdong Medical University(Grant No.GDMUB2022054).
文摘Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemiology and risk assessment,including high dimensionality,correlated exposure,and subtle individual effects.Methods We proposed a novel statistical approach,the generalized functional linear model(GFLM),to analyze the health effects of exposure mixtures.GFLM treats the effect of mixture exposures as a smooth function by reordering exposures based on specific mechanisms and capturing internal correlations to provide a meaningful estimation and interpretation.The robustness and efficiency was evaluated under various scenarios through extensive simulation studies.Results We applied the GFLM to two datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).In the first application,we examined the effects of 37 nutrients on BMI(2011–2016 cycles).The GFLM identified a significant mixture effect,with fiber and fat emerging as the nutrients with the greatest negative and positive effects on BMI,respectively.For the second application,we investigated the association between four pre-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and gout risk(2007–2018 cycles).Unlike traditional methods,the GFLM indicated no significant association,demonstrating its robustness to multicollinearity.Conclusion GFLM framework is a powerful tool for mixture exposure analysis,offering improved handling of correlated exposures and interpretable results.It demonstrates robust performance across various scenarios and real-world applications,advancing our understanding of complex environmental exposures and their health impacts on environmental epidemiology and toxicology.
文摘Publisher Correction to:Journal of Forestry Research(2025)36:29 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01823-0 In Fig.4c of this article,the lower part of the figure was unintentionally cropped and incomplete during the publisher's production process.The published incorrect version and the corrected version of Fig.4 are given below.
文摘BACKGROUND The increasing risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)associated with worsening environmental exposure is a critical health concern garnering global research attention.AIM To systematically assess the scope and characteristics of research on the relationship between environmental exposure and CVD.METHODS A thorough examination of publications on the relationship between environmental exposure and CVD from 1999 to 2022 was carried out by extensively screening the literature using the Web of Science Core Collection.The language of the selected publications was standardized to English.Afterward,different academic tools such as CiteSpace,VOSviewer,HistCite,Python,Matplotlib,and Bibliometrix were utilized to examine the research trends in this field.RESULTS The study’s findings indicated a steady increase in scientific publications among the 1640 analyzed documents,peaking in 2022 with 197 publications.The United States emerged as the leading nation regarding high-quality publications and international collaboration.Harvard University was identified as the most prolific institution.“Environmental research”was the most frequently contributing journal,and Muenzel T was recognized as the top contributor.Current research hotspots are primarily concentrated on themes such as“cardiovascular disease”,“exposure”,“risk”,“mortality”,and“air pollution”.CONCLUSION This study highlights increasing research on the link between environmental exposure and CVD,identifying key exposures and diseases while emphasizing the need for further investigation into underlying mechanisms.
