An efficient conversion of biomass-derived ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol(1,2-PDO) over CuO was investigated.Among the catalysts we tested, CuO, Cu2 O and Co showed excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of...An efficient conversion of biomass-derived ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol(1,2-PDO) over CuO was investigated.Among the catalysts we tested, CuO, Cu2 O and Co showed excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of ethyl lactate to 1,2-PDO in water, and CuO was more active and gave the best result. The 1,2-PDO yield of 93.6% was achieved when Zn acted as a reductant. The results indicated that in situ formed hydrogen by the oxidation of Zn in water is more effective than gaseous hydrogen, which failed to produce the 1,2-PDO from ethyl lactate.From a practical point of view, the present method may provide a useful route for the production of 1,2-PDO from ethyl lactate.展开更多
Solubility data of recalcitrant contaminants in cosolvents is essential to determine their potential applications in enhanced soil remediation.The solubilities of phenanthrene,anthracene,fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyren...Solubility data of recalcitrant contaminants in cosolvents is essential to determine their potential applications in enhanced soil remediation.The solubilities of phenanthrene,anthracene,fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene in ethyl lactate/water and ethanol/water mixtures were measured using equilibrium techniques.The cosolvency powers derived from solubility data were then applied to the model developed from the solvophobic approach to predict the capability of ethyl lactate and ethanol in enhancing the desorption of contaminants from soils.Both ethyl lactate and ethanol cosolvents were shown to be able to enhance the solubilisation of the tested four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by 〉 4 orders of magnitude above the levels obtained with water alone.However,ethyl lactate demonstrated a greater capacity to enhance PAH solubility than ethanol.The cosolvency powers of ethyl lactate/water system obtained from the end-to-end slope （σ） and the end-to-half slope （σ 0.5） of the solubilisation curve were 1.0-1.5 and 2.0-2.9 higher than ethanol/water system respectively.In line with this,ethyl lactate/water was demonstrated to enhance the desorption of contaminants from soil by 20%-37% and 18%-61% higher compared to ethanol/water system in low organic content and high organic content soils respectively,with a 2：1 （V/W） ratio of solution：soil and with cosolvent fraction as low as 0.4.With the exception of benzo[a]pyrene,the experimental desorption results agreed fairly with the predicted values,under an applied solution：soil ratio that was enough to hold the capacity of released contaminants.展开更多
A temperature-sensitive mud cake remover(G315)was developed using ethyl lactate as the primary component.Based on this,a temperature-sensitive acidic completion fluid(CF-G315)was formulated.Core evaluation tests,mud c...A temperature-sensitive mud cake remover(G315)was developed using ethyl lactate as the primary component.Based on this,a temperature-sensitive acidic completion fluid(CF-G315)was formulated.Core evaluation tests,mud cake dissolution tests and corrosion tests were conducted to analyze the mud cake removal performance of G315,the removal efficiency of CF-G315,and its ability to modify the near-wellbore reservoirs,corrosion to casing and hydrolysis performance.Results indicate that ethyl lactate in G315 exhibits weak acidity at room temperature and decomposes into lactic acid under high temperatures.The lactic acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in the mud cake,generating bubbles that dislodge the mud cake and form soluble salts that are subsequently removed by fluid flow,thereby ensuring effective mud cake clearance.CF-G315 removes mud cake efficiently and enhances near-wellbore reservoir permeability.It demonstrates low corrosivity and environmental compatibility,contributing to equipment safety,simplified operational procedures and reduced operational risks.CF-G315 is promising for application in scenarios such as horizontal wells,open-hole completions and gravel pack completions.展开更多
Liquid phase hydrogenolysis of ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol was performed over silica supporting cobalt catalysts prepared by two different methods： precipitation-gel （PG） technique and deposition-precipitation...Liquid phase hydrogenolysis of ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol was performed over silica supporting cobalt catalysts prepared by two different methods： precipitation-gel （PG） technique and deposition-precipitation （DP） procedure. The cobalt species （Co3O4/cobalt phyllosilicate） present in the corresponding calcined PG and DP catalysts were different as a consequence of the preparation methods, and Co--OH---Co olation and Si--O--Co oxolation molecular mechanisms were employed to elucidate the chemical phenomena during the different preparation procedures. In addition, the texture （BET）, reduction behavior （TPR and in-situ XRD）, surface dispersion and state of cobalt species （XPS）, and catalytic performance differ greatly between the samples. Because of small particle size, high dispersion of cobalt species and facile reducibility, the Co/SiO2 catalyst prepared by precipitation-gel method presented a much higher activity than the catalyst prepared by deposition-precipitation method. Metallic cobalt is assumed to be the catalytically active site for the hydrogenolysis reaction according to the catalytic results of both cobalt samples reduced at different temperatures and the structure changes after reaction.展开更多
Green solvents are being used to replace the conventional organic solvents in combination with green technologies.In this context,Peruvian Pouteria caimito fruit was used as a model for our study.The main objective wa...Green solvents are being used to replace the conventional organic solvents in combination with green technologies.In this context,Peruvian Pouteria caimito fruit was used as a model for our study.The main objective was to explore an environmentally friendly strategy for the extraction of phenolics,by microwave or maceration using ethyl lactate and methanol as extraction solvents.Thus,each extract was compared by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS)to propose an alternative for the extraction processes and their antioxidant activity.The results showed that the two extraction methods had effects on the extraction yields,with microwave-assisted extraction(17.5%in MeOH and 8.0%in ethyl lactate)proving to be a better method for extracting the phenolic compounds than maceration extraction(12.2%in MeOH and 4.3%in ethyl lactate).In the case of LC/ESI/MS/MS studies the same trend was detected.Microwave extraction detected the presence of twenty-three compounds mainly including dicaffeoylquinic acid,monocaffeoyl quinic acids,feruloylquinic acids,galloylquinic acid,protocatechuic acid hexoside,ferulic acid and quercetin;while on maceration extraction between 15 up to 17 metabolites were identified.In this sense,microwave-assisted extraction was more efficient than maceration in terms of the number of metabolites extracted.The quantitative analysis of quercetin by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)of all extracts showed no significant differences(around 8.704 up to 8.707±0.019 mg/g extract).Finally,the antioxidant activity,in terms of ORAC(oxygen radical absorbance capacity)was higher in extracts prepared by microwave(93.51–97.05 mg TE/g extract)than in those prepared by maceration(77.25–86.88 mg TE/g extract).In the case of DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl),the antioxidant activity was higher in extracts prepared by microwave(IC50:50.40–53.80μg/mL)than in those prepared by maceration(IC50:67.6–74.10μg/mL).Therefore,based on our results,a green extraction technique such as microwave-assisted extraction,compared to maceration,is faster,greener,and more sustainable alternative and could replace classical extraction techniques reducing negative side effects for both the environment and the analyst.These findings could be seen as a great potential for industrial and pharmaceutical processes to reduce the negative impact of using toxic organic solvents.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21277091)the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(21436007)+2 种基金Key Basic Research Projects of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(14JC1403100)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning(ZXDF160002)the Project-sponsored by SRF for ROCS,SEM(BG1600002)
文摘An efficient conversion of biomass-derived ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol(1,2-PDO) over CuO was investigated.Among the catalysts we tested, CuO, Cu2 O and Co showed excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of ethyl lactate to 1,2-PDO in water, and CuO was more active and gave the best result. The 1,2-PDO yield of 93.6% was achieved when Zn acted as a reductant. The results indicated that in situ formed hydrogen by the oxidation of Zn in water is more effective than gaseous hydrogen, which failed to produce the 1,2-PDO from ethyl lactate.From a practical point of view, the present method may provide a useful route for the production of 1,2-PDO from ethyl lactate.
基金supported by the Research Innovation Services of the University of Nottingham,UK under the Grant No. NRF4318The Faculty of Engineering at the University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus is also acknowledged for its support towards this project
文摘Solubility data of recalcitrant contaminants in cosolvents is essential to determine their potential applications in enhanced soil remediation.The solubilities of phenanthrene,anthracene,fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene in ethyl lactate/water and ethanol/water mixtures were measured using equilibrium techniques.The cosolvency powers derived from solubility data were then applied to the model developed from the solvophobic approach to predict the capability of ethyl lactate and ethanol in enhancing the desorption of contaminants from soils.Both ethyl lactate and ethanol cosolvents were shown to be able to enhance the solubilisation of the tested four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by 〉 4 orders of magnitude above the levels obtained with water alone.However,ethyl lactate demonstrated a greater capacity to enhance PAH solubility than ethanol.The cosolvency powers of ethyl lactate/water system obtained from the end-to-end slope （σ） and the end-to-half slope （σ 0.5） of the solubilisation curve were 1.0-1.5 and 2.0-2.9 higher than ethanol/water system respectively.In line with this,ethyl lactate/water was demonstrated to enhance the desorption of contaminants from soil by 20%-37% and 18%-61% higher compared to ethanol/water system in low organic content and high organic content soils respectively,with a 2：1 （V/W） ratio of solution：soil and with cosolvent fraction as low as 0.4.With the exception of benzo[a]pyrene,the experimental desorption results agreed fairly with the predicted values,under an applied solution：soil ratio that was enough to hold the capacity of released contaminants.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52404010).
文摘A temperature-sensitive mud cake remover(G315)was developed using ethyl lactate as the primary component.Based on this,a temperature-sensitive acidic completion fluid(CF-G315)was formulated.Core evaluation tests,mud cake dissolution tests and corrosion tests were conducted to analyze the mud cake removal performance of G315,the removal efficiency of CF-G315,and its ability to modify the near-wellbore reservoirs,corrosion to casing and hydrolysis performance.Results indicate that ethyl lactate in G315 exhibits weak acidity at room temperature and decomposes into lactic acid under high temperatures.The lactic acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in the mud cake,generating bubbles that dislodge the mud cake and form soluble salts that are subsequently removed by fluid flow,thereby ensuring effective mud cake clearance.CF-G315 removes mud cake efficiently and enhances near-wellbore reservoir permeability.It demonstrates low corrosivity and environmental compatibility,contributing to equipment safety,simplified operational procedures and reduced operational risks.CF-G315 is promising for application in scenarios such as horizontal wells,open-hole completions and gravel pack completions.
文摘Liquid phase hydrogenolysis of ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol was performed over silica supporting cobalt catalysts prepared by two different methods： precipitation-gel （PG） technique and deposition-precipitation （DP） procedure. The cobalt species （Co3O4/cobalt phyllosilicate） present in the corresponding calcined PG and DP catalysts were different as a consequence of the preparation methods, and Co--OH---Co olation and Si--O--Co oxolation molecular mechanisms were employed to elucidate the chemical phenomena during the different preparation procedures. In addition, the texture （BET）, reduction behavior （TPR and in-situ XRD）, surface dispersion and state of cobalt species （XPS）, and catalytic performance differ greatly between the samples. Because of small particle size, high dispersion of cobalt species and facile reducibility, the Co/SiO2 catalyst prepared by precipitation-gel method presented a much higher activity than the catalyst prepared by deposition-precipitation method. Metallic cobalt is assumed to be the catalytically active site for the hydrogenolysis reaction according to the catalytic results of both cobalt samples reduced at different temperatures and the structure changes after reaction.
基金supported by ANID[Fondecyt Regular,grant number 1231676]Carlos Areche acknowledges funds from Fondecyt Reg-ular[1230414].
文摘Green solvents are being used to replace the conventional organic solvents in combination with green technologies.In this context,Peruvian Pouteria caimito fruit was used as a model for our study.The main objective was to explore an environmentally friendly strategy for the extraction of phenolics,by microwave or maceration using ethyl lactate and methanol as extraction solvents.Thus,each extract was compared by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS)to propose an alternative for the extraction processes and their antioxidant activity.The results showed that the two extraction methods had effects on the extraction yields,with microwave-assisted extraction(17.5%in MeOH and 8.0%in ethyl lactate)proving to be a better method for extracting the phenolic compounds than maceration extraction(12.2%in MeOH and 4.3%in ethyl lactate).In the case of LC/ESI/MS/MS studies the same trend was detected.Microwave extraction detected the presence of twenty-three compounds mainly including dicaffeoylquinic acid,monocaffeoyl quinic acids,feruloylquinic acids,galloylquinic acid,protocatechuic acid hexoside,ferulic acid and quercetin;while on maceration extraction between 15 up to 17 metabolites were identified.In this sense,microwave-assisted extraction was more efficient than maceration in terms of the number of metabolites extracted.The quantitative analysis of quercetin by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)of all extracts showed no significant differences(around 8.704 up to 8.707±0.019 mg/g extract).Finally,the antioxidant activity,in terms of ORAC(oxygen radical absorbance capacity)was higher in extracts prepared by microwave(93.51–97.05 mg TE/g extract)than in those prepared by maceration(77.25–86.88 mg TE/g extract).In the case of DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl),the antioxidant activity was higher in extracts prepared by microwave(IC50:50.40–53.80μg/mL)than in those prepared by maceration(IC50:67.6–74.10μg/mL).Therefore,based on our results,a green extraction technique such as microwave-assisted extraction,compared to maceration,is faster,greener,and more sustainable alternative and could replace classical extraction techniques reducing negative side effects for both the environment and the analyst.These findings could be seen as a great potential for industrial and pharmaceutical processes to reduce the negative impact of using toxic organic solvents.
