In this paper, many factors restricting and affecting the actual effectiveness of course ethnic theory and policy are summarized, among which student factors mainly include unavailable major foundation, new strange co...In this paper, many factors restricting and affecting the actual effectiveness of course ethnic theory and policy are summarized, among which student factors mainly include unavailable major foundation, new strange course, and having no idea about how to learn in the short term, narrow knowledge scope because of the examination-oriented education, poor self-control ability and attitude toward learning, and difference among the students of different minorities in the preparatory education, so that the actual teaching effectiveness is different. The teaching contents provided by teachers are not enough scientific, and the teaching pertinence is not strong; all parts of teaching and especially the effectiveness of processing the key and difficult points are not good enough, so that students are guided not very well to actively participate in classroom teaching activities, etc. Subsequently, an analysis is made around integrating and excavating teaching materials, understanding teaching contents, valuing the teaching process, and helping the students of preparatory education change from passively learning knowledge to initiatively accepting knowledge in a targeted way, and then some approaches, methods, and strategies of improving the actual teaching effectiveness of the course are explored.展开更多
Questions persist on the relationship between tourism dependence and economic growth in ethnic tourism areas.This study addresses such gaps by constructing a threshold regression model based on socio-economic data fro...Questions persist on the relationship between tourism dependence and economic growth in ethnic tourism areas.This study addresses such gaps by constructing a threshold regression model based on socio-economic data from 2006 to 2019 for nine sites in Enshi Prefecture of central China.Arc GIS and other open-source data were also used to visualize changing tourism resources in the region.Findings suggest that tourism dependence(the ratio of tourism-based GDP to overall GDP)significantly promotes economic growth in ethnic minority areas.However,the positive influence of tourism dependence on economic growth appears dynamic and non-linear–rising at first before falling when tourism dependence exceeded a threshold of 34%,with effects varying by site and year.Methods and findings make crucial theoretical contributions to understanding tourism dependence and poverty alleviation linkages.This paper also highlights the importance of political support and balanced investment in diverse industries to minimize decreasing returns beyond tourism dependence thresholds in destinations worldwide.展开更多
Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to imp...Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to implement multilingual educational programs effectively. The research studied the important factors influencing the effectiveness of bilingual educational programs, specifically （1） type of program, （2） human resources of schools and teachers professional development, （3） bilingual education as shared vision for all school stakeholders, and （4） community and parental involvement in designing and implementation of bilingual educational programs. The following research methods were used during the research： （1） quantitative and qualitative content analysis of bilingual educational programs of 26 non-Georgian schools of Kvemo Kartli and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions of Georgia, （2） quantitative survey of non-Georgian school principals through questionnaires, and （3） quantitative survey of non-Georgian schools＇ teachers of different subjective groups through questionnaire. The study revealed that schools are implementing mostly ＂weak＂ bilingual educational programs. The schools implementing bilingual educational programs do not have sufficient human resources, bilingual education is not a shared vision for all school stakeholders and parents and community are not actively involved in designing and implementation of the programs.展开更多
An ethnography study was conducted among five villages in Kotagiri district of Tamil Nadu,to identify“how globalisation affects the food behaviour of Badagas”.The research is a qualitative study,having implemented V...An ethnography study was conducted among five villages in Kotagiri district of Tamil Nadu,to identify“how globalisation affects the food behaviour of Badagas”.The research is a qualitative study,having implemented Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory.The traditional food processed and prepared by women of Badagar community is intimately connected to their socio-cultural,ecological,and spiritual life and health.The processing and preparation of ethnic foods demonstrate not only the creativity and treasure of food heritage of tribal women,but also their incremental learning to sustain the life and ecosystem as a whole.Looking to the diversities in ethnic foods,an attempt has been made to explore the ethnic foods from five different villages in Kotagiri district.The food choices made by people,either as individuals or as a group,can reveal views,passions,background knowledge,assumptions,and personalities.Food choices tell stories of families,migrations,assimilation,resistance,changes over times,and personal as well as group identity.In each place,the processing method of these foods is somewhat different based on the growing international trade,migration,tourism,and globalisation.The food used in the dietary system was found to be nutritionally rich and culturally important in various festivals and ceremonies.Ethnic food prepared and consumed by women in the past cannot be seen in the isolated mode,instead it is a complex dynamics in which nutrition,health,food security,culture,ethics,subsistence economy,and ecological sustainability are integral components.This paper thereby determines and defines the behaviour and practice of food among the respondents,its change,and cause.展开更多
In the 21st century, world politics appeared to far from resolved condition in terms of power sharing among the elites, thus created separatism movements in many parts of the world. These movements caused some changes...In the 21st century, world politics appeared to far from resolved condition in terms of power sharing among the elites, thus created separatism movements in many parts of the world. These movements caused some changes in the society that is nowadays seen as a multicultural. Using World Values Survey＇s data, this study revealed that separatism would cause people to less likely agree on ethnic diversity benefit. Further, when the result is tested by elaboration model, economic condition was found as important factor on how people saw ethnic diversity benefit among the society.展开更多
Self-reference at encoding increases the probability of recollective experience in recognition memory. Self-reference effect (SRE) in memory is observed when the degree of self-refer- ence of to-be-remembered material...Self-reference at encoding increases the probability of recollective experience in recognition memory. Self-reference effect (SRE) in memory is observed when the degree of self-refer- ence of to-be-remembered materials is varied. Usually items encoded in terms of self-reference are associated with significantly higher recall performance relative to items encoded in other ways, including semantic encoding. In our three experiments, four orientating tasks formed four levels in a between-subjects design. The conditions were rating personality traits with reference to self, mother, Lu Xun (a famous Chinese writer) or rating the traits on a negative-positive dimension. In a recognition test, subjects first identified old items and then indicated which of these were accompanied by recollective experience ('remember' responses) and which were recognized on some other basis ('know' responses). Our results showed that both the self-reference condition and mother condition were associated with the same highest proportion of correct remember responses and the same lowest proportion of correct know responses. In contrast, for Western subjects, the self-reference condition, relative to the mother condition, was associated with a higher proportion of correct remember responses and a lower proportion of correct know responses. We discussed the results with reference to the HERA model (hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry).展开更多
文摘In this paper, many factors restricting and affecting the actual effectiveness of course ethnic theory and policy are summarized, among which student factors mainly include unavailable major foundation, new strange course, and having no idea about how to learn in the short term, narrow knowledge scope because of the examination-oriented education, poor self-control ability and attitude toward learning, and difference among the students of different minorities in the preparatory education, so that the actual teaching effectiveness is different. The teaching contents provided by teachers are not enough scientific, and the teaching pertinence is not strong; all parts of teaching and especially the effectiveness of processing the key and difficult points are not good enough, so that students are guided not very well to actively participate in classroom teaching activities, etc. Subsequently, an analysis is made around integrating and excavating teaching materials, understanding teaching contents, valuing the teaching process, and helping the students of preparatory education change from passively learning knowledge to initiatively accepting knowledge in a targeted way, and then some approaches, methods, and strategies of improving the actual teaching effectiveness of the course are explored.
基金funded by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20CMZ033)。
文摘Questions persist on the relationship between tourism dependence and economic growth in ethnic tourism areas.This study addresses such gaps by constructing a threshold regression model based on socio-economic data from 2006 to 2019 for nine sites in Enshi Prefecture of central China.Arc GIS and other open-source data were also used to visualize changing tourism resources in the region.Findings suggest that tourism dependence(the ratio of tourism-based GDP to overall GDP)significantly promotes economic growth in ethnic minority areas.However,the positive influence of tourism dependence on economic growth appears dynamic and non-linear–rising at first before falling when tourism dependence exceeded a threshold of 34%,with effects varying by site and year.Methods and findings make crucial theoretical contributions to understanding tourism dependence and poverty alleviation linkages.This paper also highlights the importance of political support and balanced investment in diverse industries to minimize decreasing returns beyond tourism dependence thresholds in destinations worldwide.
文摘Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to implement multilingual educational programs effectively. The research studied the important factors influencing the effectiveness of bilingual educational programs, specifically （1） type of program, （2） human resources of schools and teachers professional development, （3） bilingual education as shared vision for all school stakeholders, and （4） community and parental involvement in designing and implementation of bilingual educational programs. The following research methods were used during the research： （1） quantitative and qualitative content analysis of bilingual educational programs of 26 non-Georgian schools of Kvemo Kartli and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions of Georgia, （2） quantitative survey of non-Georgian school principals through questionnaires, and （3） quantitative survey of non-Georgian schools＇ teachers of different subjective groups through questionnaire. The study revealed that schools are implementing mostly ＂weak＂ bilingual educational programs. The schools implementing bilingual educational programs do not have sufficient human resources, bilingual education is not a shared vision for all school stakeholders and parents and community are not actively involved in designing and implementation of the programs.
文摘An ethnography study was conducted among five villages in Kotagiri district of Tamil Nadu,to identify“how globalisation affects the food behaviour of Badagas”.The research is a qualitative study,having implemented Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory.The traditional food processed and prepared by women of Badagar community is intimately connected to their socio-cultural,ecological,and spiritual life and health.The processing and preparation of ethnic foods demonstrate not only the creativity and treasure of food heritage of tribal women,but also their incremental learning to sustain the life and ecosystem as a whole.Looking to the diversities in ethnic foods,an attempt has been made to explore the ethnic foods from five different villages in Kotagiri district.The food choices made by people,either as individuals or as a group,can reveal views,passions,background knowledge,assumptions,and personalities.Food choices tell stories of families,migrations,assimilation,resistance,changes over times,and personal as well as group identity.In each place,the processing method of these foods is somewhat different based on the growing international trade,migration,tourism,and globalisation.The food used in the dietary system was found to be nutritionally rich and culturally important in various festivals and ceremonies.Ethnic food prepared and consumed by women in the past cannot be seen in the isolated mode,instead it is a complex dynamics in which nutrition,health,food security,culture,ethics,subsistence economy,and ecological sustainability are integral components.This paper thereby determines and defines the behaviour and practice of food among the respondents,its change,and cause.
文摘In the 21st century, world politics appeared to far from resolved condition in terms of power sharing among the elites, thus created separatism movements in many parts of the world. These movements caused some changes in the society that is nowadays seen as a multicultural. Using World Values Survey＇s data, this study revealed that separatism would cause people to less likely agree on ethnic diversity benefit. Further, when the result is tested by elaboration model, economic condition was found as important factor on how people saw ethnic diversity benefit among the society.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39870269).
文摘Self-reference at encoding increases the probability of recollective experience in recognition memory. Self-reference effect (SRE) in memory is observed when the degree of self-refer- ence of to-be-remembered materials is varied. Usually items encoded in terms of self-reference are associated with significantly higher recall performance relative to items encoded in other ways, including semantic encoding. In our three experiments, four orientating tasks formed four levels in a between-subjects design. The conditions were rating personality traits with reference to self, mother, Lu Xun (a famous Chinese writer) or rating the traits on a negative-positive dimension. In a recognition test, subjects first identified old items and then indicated which of these were accompanied by recollective experience ('remember' responses) and which were recognized on some other basis ('know' responses). Our results showed that both the self-reference condition and mother condition were associated with the same highest proportion of correct remember responses and the same lowest proportion of correct know responses. In contrast, for Western subjects, the self-reference condition, relative to the mother condition, was associated with a higher proportion of correct remember responses and a lower proportion of correct know responses. We discussed the results with reference to the HERA model (hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry).
