[ Objective] The paper was to study ISSR molecular makers of resistant gene against Sclerotinia trifoliorum in Medicago sativa L. [ Method] Using mi- crosatellite markers （ISSR） molecular maker technology, combined ...[ Objective] The paper was to study ISSR molecular makers of resistant gene against Sclerotinia trifoliorum in Medicago sativa L. [ Method] Using mi- crosatellite markers （ISSR） molecular maker technology, combined with bulked-segregant analysis （BSA） method, the molecular makers for gene linkage with re- sistance against S. trifoliorum were screened from five resistant plants and seven susceptible plants. Leaf in vitro inoculation method was used to carry out resistant verification on 94 hybrid plants in Ft generation of high resistant No. 83 ~ high susceptible No. 4. [ Result] Among 93 ISSR primers, 35 primers could produce clear and stable amplification bands, and six of them could produce 9 specific bands between resistant and susceptible DNA pools. Resistance verification result showed that 825 - 1400, 831 - 1480, 850 - 1800, 858 - 1600, 866 - 1900, 888 - 1400 could be used as ISSR molecular makers of the resistant gene against S. trifoliorum in M. sativa. [Conclusion] The results provided basis for the further research on mapping,, cloning and genetically modified of resistant gene against S. trifoliorum in M. sativa.展开更多
果肉颜色是猕猴桃重要的品质性状,不同果肉颜色的猕猴桃在色素成分、糖和维生素C含量等方面存在很大差异。为了探究猕猴桃果肉颜色形成的分子机制,本研究以红肉猕猴桃‘红实2号’和黄肉猕猴桃‘金实1号’为研究对象,采用RNA-seq技术,通...果肉颜色是猕猴桃重要的品质性状,不同果肉颜色的猕猴桃在色素成分、糖和维生素C含量等方面存在很大差异。为了探究猕猴桃果肉颜色形成的分子机制,本研究以红肉猕猴桃‘红实2号’和黄肉猕猴桃‘金实1号’为研究对象,采用RNA-seq技术,通过分析果实不同时期不同部位的转录组表达差异。结果表明,编码花青素合成的Achn385311(3GGT)基因可能是控制‘红实2号’内果皮呈红色的主效基因,‘金实1号’后期果肉呈深黄色可能与Achn158981(GT7)、Achn150731、Achn068721(PAO)、Achn282201(PAO)和Achn176251(UGT71A16)等基因的表达调控有关。针对差异表达的230个猕猴桃果肉颜色相关基因,利用Primer Premier 5.0设计出727对EST-SSR引物,以7份不同果肉颜色的猕猴桃基因组DNA为模板,随机选择112对引物进行有效性验证,筛选出了具有清晰的扩增产物的引物78对,有效扩增率为69.64%,58对具有多态性,多态性频率为74.36%。本研究结果为猕猴桃果实呈色机理研究及分子标记辅助育种提供了理论基础。展开更多
Recent advancements in decentralized finance(DeFi)have resulted in a rapid increase in the use of Automated Market Makers(AMMs)for creating decentralized exchanges(DEXs).In this paper,we organize these developments by...Recent advancements in decentralized finance(DeFi)have resulted in a rapid increase in the use of Automated Market Makers(AMMs)for creating decentralized exchanges(DEXs).In this paper,we organize these developments by treating an AMM as a neoclassical black-box characterized by the conversion of inputs(tokens)to outputs(prices).The conversion is governed by the technology of the AMM summarized by an‘exchange function’.Various types of AMMs are examined,including:Constant Product Market Makers;Constant Mean Market Makers;Constant Sum Market Makers;Hybrid Function Market Makers;and,Dynamic Automated Market Makers.The paper also looks at the impact of introducing concentrated liquidity in an AMM.Overall,the framework presented here provides an intuitive geometric representation of how an AMM operates,and a clear delineation of the similarities and differences across the various types of AMMs.展开更多
This paper presents a study of water vending in 3 informal settlements of Yola North in Adamawa State of Nigeria. These settlements represent the fast growing urban areas often dwelling in unplanned and unsecured tenu...This paper presents a study of water vending in 3 informal settlements of Yola North in Adamawa State of Nigeria. These settlements represent the fast growing urban areas often dwelling in unplanned and unsecured tenure. Access to safe water supply has great influence on the health, economic productivity and quality of life of the people. But meeting this need is one of the major challenges facing the urban communities of Nigeria today. A field survey was conducted in the area with 100 observations of households in each of the three informal settlements. These settlements are Sabongari -University village, Vinikilang and Wuro Jabbe. The survey solicited for response concerning household water source, water per capita use and household size. Findings revealed that about 92% of respondent in Sabongari-University village, 66% in Vinikilang and 87% in Wuro Jabbe depend on vended water from borehole, hand dug well as well as surface water sources which are delivered by hand pushed trucks. Owing to the absence of piped water networks in the study area, households are forced to rely on available water sources which are precursor to water borne diseases. It is advocated that the public agencies should evolve special programs for regularizing informal settlements, meaning the legalization of land tenure, layout corrections and service upgrading if service is to meet the poor informal dwellers.展开更多
为探究栽培型古茶树阿萨姆茶(Camellia sinensis var. assamica)种质资源的遗传多样性,采用EST-SSR分子标记技术对云南南涧县无量山镇古茶园64份种质资源进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。结果表明, 20对引物共检测出223个等位基因,群体...为探究栽培型古茶树阿萨姆茶(Camellia sinensis var. assamica)种质资源的遗传多样性,采用EST-SSR分子标记技术对云南南涧县无量山镇古茶园64份种质资源进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。结果表明, 20对引物共检测出223个等位基因,群体间平均有效等位基因数为3.48个;观测等位基因数(N_(a))为6.25;有效等位基因数(N_(e))为2.983;Shannon多样性指数(I)为1.251;Nei基因多样性指数(H)为0.646。POPGENE分析表明遗传分化系数(F_(st))为0.063,居群间存在中度分化,基因流(N_(m))为3.710。AMOVA分子方差分析表明,阿萨姆茶的遗传变异14%发生在居群间,86%发生在居群内,说明阿萨姆茶居群遗传变异主要发生在居群内部,且基因交流丰富。南涧县古茶园古茶树居群的遗传多样性丰富,这为阿萨姆茶种质资源的保护利用和新品种选育提供了科学依据。展开更多
The spectral analysis of simulated N-team of interacting decision makers with bounded rationality constraints of Oladejo, which assumes triangular probability density function of command inputs is hereby restructured ...The spectral analysis of simulated N-team of interacting decision makers with bounded rationality constraints of Oladejo, which assumes triangular probability density function of command inputs is hereby restructured and analysed, to have hierarchical command inputs that are predicated on order statistics distributions. The results give optimal distributions.展开更多
More and more professional women are trying their hands at entrepreneurial ventures to fulfill their creative urges. ChinAfrica reporter Sudeshna Sarkar spoke to two of them based in Nigeria and China to find out what...More and more professional women are trying their hands at entrepreneurial ventures to fulfill their creative urges. ChinAfrica reporter Sudeshna Sarkar spoke to two of them based in Nigeria and China to find out what drives their passion.展开更多
基金Support by Research and Demonstration of Seed Breeding Technology of South Alfalfa(2009AB1183)Development of Fine Germplasm Resources of Pasture and New Variety Breeding(2009AA1008)~~
文摘[ Objective] The paper was to study ISSR molecular makers of resistant gene against Sclerotinia trifoliorum in Medicago sativa L. [ Method] Using mi- crosatellite markers （ISSR） molecular maker technology, combined with bulked-segregant analysis （BSA） method, the molecular makers for gene linkage with re- sistance against S. trifoliorum were screened from five resistant plants and seven susceptible plants. Leaf in vitro inoculation method was used to carry out resistant verification on 94 hybrid plants in Ft generation of high resistant No. 83 ~ high susceptible No. 4. [ Result] Among 93 ISSR primers, 35 primers could produce clear and stable amplification bands, and six of them could produce 9 specific bands between resistant and susceptible DNA pools. Resistance verification result showed that 825 - 1400, 831 - 1480, 850 - 1800, 858 - 1600, 866 - 1900, 888 - 1400 could be used as ISSR molecular makers of the resistant gene against S. trifoliorum in M. sativa. [Conclusion] The results provided basis for the further research on mapping,, cloning and genetically modified of resistant gene against S. trifoliorum in M. sativa.
文摘果肉颜色是猕猴桃重要的品质性状,不同果肉颜色的猕猴桃在色素成分、糖和维生素C含量等方面存在很大差异。为了探究猕猴桃果肉颜色形成的分子机制,本研究以红肉猕猴桃‘红实2号’和黄肉猕猴桃‘金实1号’为研究对象,采用RNA-seq技术,通过分析果实不同时期不同部位的转录组表达差异。结果表明,编码花青素合成的Achn385311(3GGT)基因可能是控制‘红实2号’内果皮呈红色的主效基因,‘金实1号’后期果肉呈深黄色可能与Achn158981(GT7)、Achn150731、Achn068721(PAO)、Achn282201(PAO)和Achn176251(UGT71A16)等基因的表达调控有关。针对差异表达的230个猕猴桃果肉颜色相关基因,利用Primer Premier 5.0设计出727对EST-SSR引物,以7份不同果肉颜色的猕猴桃基因组DNA为模板,随机选择112对引物进行有效性验证,筛选出了具有清晰的扩增产物的引物78对,有效扩增率为69.64%,58对具有多态性,多态性频率为74.36%。本研究结果为猕猴桃果实呈色机理研究及分子标记辅助育种提供了理论基础。
文摘Recent advancements in decentralized finance(DeFi)have resulted in a rapid increase in the use of Automated Market Makers(AMMs)for creating decentralized exchanges(DEXs).In this paper,we organize these developments by treating an AMM as a neoclassical black-box characterized by the conversion of inputs(tokens)to outputs(prices).The conversion is governed by the technology of the AMM summarized by an‘exchange function’.Various types of AMMs are examined,including:Constant Product Market Makers;Constant Mean Market Makers;Constant Sum Market Makers;Hybrid Function Market Makers;and,Dynamic Automated Market Makers.The paper also looks at the impact of introducing concentrated liquidity in an AMM.Overall,the framework presented here provides an intuitive geometric representation of how an AMM operates,and a clear delineation of the similarities and differences across the various types of AMMs.
文摘This paper presents a study of water vending in 3 informal settlements of Yola North in Adamawa State of Nigeria. These settlements represent the fast growing urban areas often dwelling in unplanned and unsecured tenure. Access to safe water supply has great influence on the health, economic productivity and quality of life of the people. But meeting this need is one of the major challenges facing the urban communities of Nigeria today. A field survey was conducted in the area with 100 observations of households in each of the three informal settlements. These settlements are Sabongari -University village, Vinikilang and Wuro Jabbe. The survey solicited for response concerning household water source, water per capita use and household size. Findings revealed that about 92% of respondent in Sabongari-University village, 66% in Vinikilang and 87% in Wuro Jabbe depend on vended water from borehole, hand dug well as well as surface water sources which are delivered by hand pushed trucks. Owing to the absence of piped water networks in the study area, households are forced to rely on available water sources which are precursor to water borne diseases. It is advocated that the public agencies should evolve special programs for regularizing informal settlements, meaning the legalization of land tenure, layout corrections and service upgrading if service is to meet the poor informal dwellers.
文摘为探究栽培型古茶树阿萨姆茶(Camellia sinensis var. assamica)种质资源的遗传多样性,采用EST-SSR分子标记技术对云南南涧县无量山镇古茶园64份种质资源进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。结果表明, 20对引物共检测出223个等位基因,群体间平均有效等位基因数为3.48个;观测等位基因数(N_(a))为6.25;有效等位基因数(N_(e))为2.983;Shannon多样性指数(I)为1.251;Nei基因多样性指数(H)为0.646。POPGENE分析表明遗传分化系数(F_(st))为0.063,居群间存在中度分化,基因流(N_(m))为3.710。AMOVA分子方差分析表明,阿萨姆茶的遗传变异14%发生在居群间,86%发生在居群内,说明阿萨姆茶居群遗传变异主要发生在居群内部,且基因交流丰富。南涧县古茶园古茶树居群的遗传多样性丰富,这为阿萨姆茶种质资源的保护利用和新品种选育提供了科学依据。
文摘The spectral analysis of simulated N-team of interacting decision makers with bounded rationality constraints of Oladejo, which assumes triangular probability density function of command inputs is hereby restructured and analysed, to have hierarchical command inputs that are predicated on order statistics distributions. The results give optimal distributions.
文摘More and more professional women are trying their hands at entrepreneurial ventures to fulfill their creative urges. ChinAfrica reporter Sudeshna Sarkar spoke to two of them based in Nigeria and China to find out what drives their passion.
