China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion(CAAM)is the largest acupuncture-moxibustion in-dividual member science and technology group in the world,and has become an important academic organization leading the d...China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion(CAAM)is the largest acupuncture-moxibustion in-dividual member science and technology group in the world,and has become an important academic organization leading the development of international acupuncture-moxibustion discipline over the past 40 years.This paper systematically reviews the work of CAAM in international communication,policy making,basic research,scientific knowledge popularization and integrated development of industry,ed-ucation and research.(1)Enhancing the world recognition of acupuncture and moxibustion by means of innovation.(2)Building a highland for the domestic development of acupuncture and moxibustion with comprehensive strategies.(3)Consolidating the foundation for the development of acupuncture-moxibustion discipline.(4)Driving scientific knowledge popularization in a variety of forms and con-tents.(5)Coordinating resources to promote integrated development of industry,education and research.Guided by inheriting the essence and maintaining the right while innovating,CAAM has played an impor-tant role in promoting the modernization and internationalization of acupuncture-moxibustion discipline,and contributed to the construction of Healthy China initiative with our wisdom.Focusing on domestic and international perspectives,CAAM strives to promote the development of acupuncture-moxibustion discipline and industry,and contribute greatly to health for all with acupuncture and moxibustion.CAAM will continue to deepen international cooperation,strengthen talent cultivation,promote the commer-cialization of scientific and research findings,advance the standardization of acupuncture-moxibustion equipment and techniques and build a unified standard system of acupuncture and moxibustion world-wide.展开更多
In many existing dictionaries,cropland is defined as land that is suitable for or used to grow crops.It has several synonyms,such as“farmland”,“arable land”,and“cultivated land”.However,in scientific literature,...In many existing dictionaries,cropland is defined as land that is suitable for or used to grow crops.It has several synonyms,such as“farmland”,“arable land”,and“cultivated land”.However,in scientific literature,the nuances of these terms are often overlooked.The inconsistent terminology usage could lead to ambiguity and confusion in research and policy discussions.In particular,it creates difficulties for newcomers and students when they search for precise information in the published literature.Hence,exploring the variations of terminology applications is important for the cropland-related research community.In this study,the differences in six cropland-related terminologies were explored through a review of 5,214 scientific articles,by employing the independence test,clustering approach,and correlation analysis.The results showed that disparities exist across disciplines.For example,biodiversity&conservation studies preferentially use“farmland”to highlight effects from human activities,while studies in geology and computer science use“cropland”.The term“cultivated land”tends to be used in geography research for clear geographical demarcation,while“arable land”is related to engineering studies.Moreover,further disparities based on the geographical affiliations of the authors were found.The correlation between China and“cultivated land”was reliable and a close link was found between“agricultural land”and the USA.The regional variations in cropland terminology can be influenced by multiple factors,including the degree of agricultural mechanization,colonial history,and migration patterns.This study reveals variations in cropland-related terminology across disciplines and regions.The results highlight the importance of standardizing cropland terminology to foster interdisciplinary research,improve data comparability,and support global agricultural and environmental policymaking.展开更多
To deeply analyze the impact of international student mobility on their internationalization capabilities in the field of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,this study systematically reviewed the exchange dynamics ...To deeply analyze the impact of international student mobility on their internationalization capabilities in the field of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,this study systematically reviewed the exchange dynamics of international students at Southwest Petroleum University from 2014 to 2024,as well as detailed data on students’overseas visits from 2016 to 2024,carefully outlining the trends and characteristics of student international mobility over the past decade.Based on this,using an evaluation system for internationalization capabilities constructed by the authors,which closely follows the characteristics of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering and covers key dimensions such as language skills,international perspective,cross-cultural communication,and global cooperation,graduate students from the research team of international students were selected as a sample group.Through a carefully designed survey questionnaire,their current internationalization capabilities were systematically evaluated.The results showed that compared to the benchmark level in 2019,students’internationalization capabilities have shown a significant improvement trend,especially in cross-cultural communication.This finding not only reveals the positive role of international student mobility in promoting academic exchanges and integration but also further emphasizes the unique value of multicultural integration in scientific research teams to enhance the internationalization capabilities of domestic students.展开更多
The educational philosophies of curriculum-based ideological and political education and professional innovation-integrated education,both serving as guiding ideologies aligned with contemporary educational developmen...The educational philosophies of curriculum-based ideological and political education and professional innovation-integrated education,both serving as guiding ideologies aligned with contemporary educational development,have been persistently deepened in the pedagogical practices of higher education institutions in recent years,significantly propelling the advancement of China's higher education.However,research remains scarce regarding how these two approaches can mutually complement each other to jointly advance the education of the Acupuncture and Tuina Discipline.Consequently,this study explores pathways for innovation-integrated education in the Acupuncture and Tuina Discipline from the perspective of curriculum-based ideological and political education.Through educational research and practical implementation,it aims to provide innovative ideas and methods for enhancing the quality of talent cultivation in the Acupuncture and Tuina Discipline.展开更多
In response to meeting the needs of cultivating applied talents in the construction of new engineering disciplines,based on the concept of Outcome-Based Education(OBE),this study analyzes the problems existing in the ...In response to meeting the needs of cultivating applied talents in the construction of new engineering disciplines,based on the concept of Outcome-Based Education(OBE),this study analyzes the problems existing in the teaching of the course Environmental Engineering Microbiology,and put forward some corresponding curriculum reform schemes.According to the target points of professional graduation requirements,the scheme proposes revising the syllabus of Environmental Engineering Microbiology,clarifying the curriculum objectives,updating the teaching content,and reforming the teaching methods.Through these measures,it is intended to achieve the unity of teachers way of"teaching"and students way of"learning",construct a new teaching mode,fully stimulate students subjective initiative,and enhance students innovative consciousness and practical ability.Besides,in this study,a"whole process-diversification"evaluation system is established to comprehensively evaluate students performance in theoretical knowledge learning and practical application,comprehensively evaluate students learning situation,and analyze the teaching effect in real time,so as to achieve continuous improvement,and ultimately achieve the goal of improving classroom quality.展开更多
Purpose: This work aims to consider the role and some of the 42-year history of the discipline impact factor(DIF) in evaluation of serial publications. Also, the original "symmetric" indicator called the &qu...Purpose: This work aims to consider the role and some of the 42-year history of the discipline impact factor(DIF) in evaluation of serial publications. Also, the original "symmetric" indicator called the "discipline susceptibility factor" is to be presented. Design/methodology/approach: In accordance with the purpose of the work, the methods are analytical interpretation of the scientific literature related to this problem as well as speculative explanations. The information base of the research is bibliometric publications dealing with impact, impact factor, discipline impact factor, and discipline susceptibility factor.Findings: Examples of the DIF application and modification of the indicator are given. It is shown why research and university libraries need to use the DIF to evaluate serials in conditions of scarce funding for subscription to serial publications, even if open access is available. The role of the DIF for evaluating journals by authors of scientific papers when choosing a good and right journal for submitting a paper is also briefly discussed. An original indicator "symmetrical" to the DIF(the "discipline susceptibility factor") and its differences from the DIF in terms of content and purpose of evaluation are also briefly presented.Research limitations: The selection of publications for the information base of the research did not include those in which the DIF was only mentioned, used partially or not for its original purpose. Restrictions on the length of the article to be submitted in this special issue of the JDIS also caused exclusion even a number of completely relevant publications. Consideration of the DIF is not placed in the context of describing other derivatives from the Garfield impact factor. Practical implications: An underrated bibliometric indicator, viz. the discipline impact factor is being promoted for the practical application. An original indicator "symmetrical" to DIF has been proposed in order of searching serial publications representing the external research fields that might fit for potential applications of the results of scientific activities obtained within the framework of the specific research field represented by the cited specialized journals. Both can be useful in research and university libraries in their endeavors to improve scientific information services. Also, both can be used for evaluating journals by authors of scientific papers when choosing a journal to submit a paper.Originality/value: The article substantiates the need to evaluate scientific serial publications in library activities—even in conditions of access to huge and convenient databases(subscription packages) and open access to a large number of serial publications. It gives a mini-survey of the history of one of the methods of such evaluation, and offers an original method for evaluating scientific serial publications.展开更多
The history and current status of Pharmacy Administration discipline atpharmacy schools in China are illustrated. Several current issues are explored including: (1)insufficient teaching organizations and curriculum, (...The history and current status of Pharmacy Administration discipline atpharmacy schools in China are illustrated. Several current issues are explored including: (1)insufficient teaching organizations and curriculum, (2) faculty deficiency both in quantity andquality, and (3) much improvement needed in the scope, methodology, and sophistication of research.Several development strategies are formulated such as (1) integrating native education resources inorder to better foster quality professionals, (2) accelerating inter-university cooperation both inteaching and research, and (3) studying the regularites of discipline development and enhancinginternational exchange.展开更多
The geodesy discipline has been evolving and constantly intersecting and merging with other disciplines in the last 50 years,due to the continuous progress of geodetic observation techniques and expansion of applicati...The geodesy discipline has been evolving and constantly intersecting and merging with other disciplines in the last 50 years,due to the continuous progress of geodetic observation techniques and expansion of application fields.This paper first introduces the development and roles of geodesy and its formation.Secondly,the development status of geodesy discipline is analyzed from the progress of observation techniques and cross-discipline formation is analyzed from the expansion of application fields.Furthermore,the development trend of geodesy is stated from the perspective of national requirements and scientific developments.Finally,the sub-disciplines for geodesy are suggested at the present stage,based on the requirements of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and development status of geodesy itself,which can provide references for topic selection and fund application of geodetic scientific research.展开更多
The word ＂interdiscipline＂ is exotic. Since was imported,it has caused wide attention from Chinese scholars.However,due to the influence of national,regional and individual way of thinking,the understanding and inte...The word ＂interdiscipline＂ is exotic. Since was imported,it has caused wide attention from Chinese scholars.However,due to the influence of national,regional and individual way of thinking,the understanding and interpretation of primitive meaning of ＂interdiscipline＂ is complex and questionable. Therefore. it is necessary to define ＂interdiscipline＂. It is no doubt that the interdiscipline is after disciplines. What are exactly the common and the differences between them and what are their own features are meaningful and worth to discussing.展开更多
The cross-integration of middle school disciplines is the current trend and the need of education,but it is faced with difficulties in practice.The article mainly adopts the observation method and literature research ...The cross-integration of middle school disciplines is the current trend and the need of education,but it is faced with difficulties in practice.The article mainly adopts the observation method and literature research method,analyzes the dilemma with three aspects,and put forward the progressive four-step implementation path.Respectively,schools and teachers can set up teaching objectives pointing to the core qualities of disciplines firstly,organize teaching materials to carry out small interdisciplinary activities in class secondly,then integrate teachers to launch big project-based learning and interdisciplinary activities,finally create comprehensive curriculum pointing to comprehensive qualities.展开更多
In order to improve the quality of graduation project (thesis) of mechanical and electrical undergraduate, cultivate students’ comprehensive innovation ability and practical application ability, and explore the integ...In order to improve the quality of graduation project (thesis) of mechanical and electrical undergraduate, cultivate students’ comprehensive innovation ability and practical application ability, and explore the integration of discipline competition into graduation project (thesis). The integration of subject competition with graduation project (thesis) of mechanical and electrical undergraduate course can improve the innovation and practicability of the selected topic, make up for the problem of short writing cycle, and strengthen students’ ability of analysis, research, writing and experimental design. This paper analyzes the implementation cases of the deep integration of subject competition and graduation design (thesis), and emphatically expounds the methods of the deep integration of subject competition and graduation design (thesis), so as to finally achieve the purpose of improving the graduation design (thesis) of electromechanical undergraduate. The research results of this paper have far-reaching practical significance.展开更多
Globally, business administration is a young and active discipline with rapid development in the higher education system. It originated in Europe, flourished in the United States and spread around the world. The histo...Globally, business administration is a young and active discipline with rapid development in the higher education system. It originated in Europe, flourished in the United States and spread around the world. The history of business administration is measured by the three basic functions of higher education and service, scientific research and social service for more than 70 years. As a whole, its scientific nature (the attribute of studying general principles) is lower than that of most social sciences, but higher than that of most humanistic fields. Under different social and cultural backgrounds, the development in the field of business administration indicates the coexistence of interrelation and diversity. Therefore, it is not easy to summarize the development law in the field of business administration.展开更多
In recent decades, the ecohydrology discipline was developed to provide theoretical and technical foundations for the protection and restoration of complex ecological systems(e.g., mountains, rivers, forests, farmland...In recent decades, the ecohydrology discipline was developed to provide theoretical and technical foundations for the protection and restoration of complex ecological systems(e.g., mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, and lakes), and to further ecological civilization construction and green development in China. In this study, the progress and challenges of the ecohydrology discipline are elaborated, and the future development directions are proposed according to international scientific frontiers and national ecological civilization construction demands. Overall, the main discipline directions are to develop new ecohydrological monitoring methods, to comprehensively understand ecohydrological mechanisms and their basic theories, to promote integration of multi-scale and multi-variable models by considering both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and to encourage multidisciplinary integration, particularly with the social sciences. Furthermore, the future research interests in China include: combining multi-source information, constructing comprehensive monitoring systems, studying spatiotemporal patterns of key ecohydrological variables and their variation characteristics, developing integrated models of ecological, hydrological, and economic processes, estimating their uncertainty;and conducting interdisciplinary studies that include the natural and social sciences. The application prospects in China are further explored for a variety of ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, rivers, lakes, wetlands, farmlands, and cities. This study will provide a reference to support the development of the ecohydrology discipline in China, and will provide a solid theoretical and technical foundation for the implementation of national ecological civilization construction.展开更多
To improve our health care services,promote balanced development of inter-regional and inter-disciplinary medical care skills,and effectively implement public hospital reform,the former Ministry of Health,State Chines...To improve our health care services,promote balanced development of inter-regional and inter-disciplinary medical care skills,and effectively implement public hospital reform,the former Ministry of Health,State Chinese Medicine Administration Bureau and the Ministry of Finance allocated state funds in 2010 to support a National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project.The project supports the acquisition of key equipment,personnel training and development of clinical diagnosis technology in order to develop high-quality medical resources and improve clinical services.Because of the important role nursing plays,clinical nursing and specialty care were also included in the project.The Chinese Nursing Association was commissioned to oversee this project,which awarded 211 million RMB to nursing disciplines in 86 hospitals representing all regions of China.This funding has supported the rapid development of nursing disciplines,the results of which are outlined and described in this review.展开更多
With the gradual expansion of the scale and enrollment of colleges and universities in China,the university education has changed from the elite education to the mass education. The decline of students' quality an...With the gradual expansion of the scale and enrollment of colleges and universities in China,the university education has changed from the elite education to the mass education. The decline of students' quality and the backwardness of the mode of cultivating talents in colleges and universities have resulted in the general low employability of college students and the prominent phenomenon of structural unemployment. Against a background of mass innovation and mass entrepreneurship,colleges and universities should make timely adjustments to the major structure according to social development,cultivate innovative and entrepreneurial talents,and make the objectives and quality of talent training meet the needs of social development. Based on the analysis of the status quo of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities,especially in agricultural and forestry,normal universities,this paper explores the training model of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities to provide a reference for the training of specialized talents in different disciplines.展开更多
As nursing becomes a first-level discipline, the central focus of the development process of nursing science is the independent exploration of the future path of nursing care. Although many countries have made efforts...As nursing becomes a first-level discipline, the central focus of the development process of nursing science is the independent exploration of the future path of nursing care. Although many countries have made efforts to develop nursing as an independent discipline, no remarkable advancement has been achieved due to the incorrect understanding of the relationship between nursing and medicine and the improper comprehension of other factors involved in the process of nursing reform. Teaching and practicing nursing also face many problems. Based on our understanding of the relationship between nursing and medicine and through a careful analysis of the existing problems in the current nursing discipline, this paper provides some insights into the future directions of nursing development by exploring the independently developing nursing discipline in foreign countries.展开更多
文摘China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion(CAAM)is the largest acupuncture-moxibustion in-dividual member science and technology group in the world,and has become an important academic organization leading the development of international acupuncture-moxibustion discipline over the past 40 years.This paper systematically reviews the work of CAAM in international communication,policy making,basic research,scientific knowledge popularization and integrated development of industry,ed-ucation and research.(1)Enhancing the world recognition of acupuncture and moxibustion by means of innovation.(2)Building a highland for the domestic development of acupuncture and moxibustion with comprehensive strategies.(3)Consolidating the foundation for the development of acupuncture-moxibustion discipline.(4)Driving scientific knowledge popularization in a variety of forms and con-tents.(5)Coordinating resources to promote integrated development of industry,education and research.Guided by inheriting the essence and maintaining the right while innovating,CAAM has played an impor-tant role in promoting the modernization and internationalization of acupuncture-moxibustion discipline,and contributed to the construction of Healthy China initiative with our wisdom.Focusing on domestic and international perspectives,CAAM strives to promote the development of acupuncture-moxibustion discipline and industry,and contribute greatly to health for all with acupuncture and moxibustion.CAAM will continue to deepen international cooperation,strengthen talent cultivation,promote the commer-cialization of scientific and research findings,advance the standardization of acupuncture-moxibustion equipment and techniques and build a unified standard system of acupuncture and moxibustion world-wide.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2300501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41921001 and 42401440)。
文摘In many existing dictionaries,cropland is defined as land that is suitable for or used to grow crops.It has several synonyms,such as“farmland”,“arable land”,and“cultivated land”.However,in scientific literature,the nuances of these terms are often overlooked.The inconsistent terminology usage could lead to ambiguity and confusion in research and policy discussions.In particular,it creates difficulties for newcomers and students when they search for precise information in the published literature.Hence,exploring the variations of terminology applications is important for the cropland-related research community.In this study,the differences in six cropland-related terminologies were explored through a review of 5,214 scientific articles,by employing the independence test,clustering approach,and correlation analysis.The results showed that disparities exist across disciplines.For example,biodiversity&conservation studies preferentially use“farmland”to highlight effects from human activities,while studies in geology and computer science use“cropland”.The term“cultivated land”tends to be used in geography research for clear geographical demarcation,while“arable land”is related to engineering studies.Moreover,further disparities based on the geographical affiliations of the authors were found.The correlation between China and“cultivated land”was reliable and a close link was found between“agricultural land”and the USA.The regional variations in cropland terminology can be influenced by multiple factors,including the degree of agricultural mechanization,colonial history,and migration patterns.This study reveals variations in cropland-related terminology across disciplines and regions.The results highlight the importance of standardizing cropland terminology to foster interdisciplinary research,improve data comparability,and support global agricultural and environmental policymaking.
基金Key Project of Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform and Research at Southwest Petroleum University(Project No.:2022JG003)Degree and Postgraduate Education Research Project of Association of Chinese Graduate Education(Project No.:2020MSA346)Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project of Southwest Petroleum University(Project No.:X2021JGYB003)。
文摘To deeply analyze the impact of international student mobility on their internationalization capabilities in the field of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,this study systematically reviewed the exchange dynamics of international students at Southwest Petroleum University from 2014 to 2024,as well as detailed data on students’overseas visits from 2016 to 2024,carefully outlining the trends and characteristics of student international mobility over the past decade.Based on this,using an evaluation system for internationalization capabilities constructed by the authors,which closely follows the characteristics of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering and covers key dimensions such as language skills,international perspective,cross-cultural communication,and global cooperation,graduate students from the research team of international students were selected as a sample group.Through a carefully designed survey questionnaire,their current internationalization capabilities were systematically evaluated.The results showed that compared to the benchmark level in 2019,students’internationalization capabilities have shown a significant improvement trend,especially in cross-cultural communication.This finding not only reveals the positive role of international student mobility in promoting academic exchanges and integration but also further emphasizes the unique value of multicultural integration in scientific research teams to enhance the internationalization capabilities of domestic students.
基金Supported by Research Project on Higher Education Research in Jilin Province(JGJX2023D200)Theme Case Project of the Development Center for Degree and Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Education(ZT-231019913)Research Project on Teaching Reform of Postgraduate Education in Jilin Province(JJKH20230060YJG).
文摘The educational philosophies of curriculum-based ideological and political education and professional innovation-integrated education,both serving as guiding ideologies aligned with contemporary educational development,have been persistently deepened in the pedagogical practices of higher education institutions in recent years,significantly propelling the advancement of China's higher education.However,research remains scarce regarding how these two approaches can mutually complement each other to jointly advance the education of the Acupuncture and Tuina Discipline.Consequently,this study explores pathways for innovation-integrated education in the Acupuncture and Tuina Discipline from the perspective of curriculum-based ideological and political education.Through educational research and practical implementation,it aims to provide innovative ideas and methods for enhancing the quality of talent cultivation in the Acupuncture and Tuina Discipline.
基金Supported by Higher Education Teaching Reform Project of Zhaoqing University (zlgc2024058&zlgc202242)Curriculum Ideological and Political Reform Demonstration Project of Zhaoqing University.
文摘In response to meeting the needs of cultivating applied talents in the construction of new engineering disciplines,based on the concept of Outcome-Based Education(OBE),this study analyzes the problems existing in the teaching of the course Environmental Engineering Microbiology,and put forward some corresponding curriculum reform schemes.According to the target points of professional graduation requirements,the scheme proposes revising the syllabus of Environmental Engineering Microbiology,clarifying the curriculum objectives,updating the teaching content,and reforming the teaching methods.Through these measures,it is intended to achieve the unity of teachers way of"teaching"and students way of"learning",construct a new teaching mode,fully stimulate students subjective initiative,and enhance students innovative consciousness and practical ability.Besides,in this study,a"whole process-diversification"evaluation system is established to comprehensively evaluate students performance in theoretical knowledge learning and practical application,comprehensively evaluate students learning situation,and analyze the teaching effect in real time,so as to achieve continuous improvement,and ultimately achieve the goal of improving classroom quality.
文摘Purpose: This work aims to consider the role and some of the 42-year history of the discipline impact factor(DIF) in evaluation of serial publications. Also, the original "symmetric" indicator called the "discipline susceptibility factor" is to be presented. Design/methodology/approach: In accordance with the purpose of the work, the methods are analytical interpretation of the scientific literature related to this problem as well as speculative explanations. The information base of the research is bibliometric publications dealing with impact, impact factor, discipline impact factor, and discipline susceptibility factor.Findings: Examples of the DIF application and modification of the indicator are given. It is shown why research and university libraries need to use the DIF to evaluate serials in conditions of scarce funding for subscription to serial publications, even if open access is available. The role of the DIF for evaluating journals by authors of scientific papers when choosing a good and right journal for submitting a paper is also briefly discussed. An original indicator "symmetrical" to the DIF(the "discipline susceptibility factor") and its differences from the DIF in terms of content and purpose of evaluation are also briefly presented.Research limitations: The selection of publications for the information base of the research did not include those in which the DIF was only mentioned, used partially or not for its original purpose. Restrictions on the length of the article to be submitted in this special issue of the JDIS also caused exclusion even a number of completely relevant publications. Consideration of the DIF is not placed in the context of describing other derivatives from the Garfield impact factor. Practical implications: An underrated bibliometric indicator, viz. the discipline impact factor is being promoted for the practical application. An original indicator "symmetrical" to DIF has been proposed in order of searching serial publications representing the external research fields that might fit for potential applications of the results of scientific activities obtained within the framework of the specific research field represented by the cited specialized journals. Both can be useful in research and university libraries in their endeavors to improve scientific information services. Also, both can be used for evaluating journals by authors of scientific papers when choosing a journal to submit a paper.Originality/value: The article substantiates the need to evaluate scientific serial publications in library activities—even in conditions of access to huge and convenient databases(subscription packages) and open access to a large number of serial publications. It gives a mini-survey of the history of one of the methods of such evaluation, and offers an original method for evaluating scientific serial publications.
文摘The history and current status of Pharmacy Administration discipline atpharmacy schools in China are illustrated. Several current issues are explored including: (1)insufficient teaching organizations and curriculum, (2) faculty deficiency both in quantity andquality, and (3) much improvement needed in the scope, methodology, and sophistication of research.Several development strategies are formulated such as (1) integrating native education resources inorder to better foster quality professionals, (2) accelerating inter-university cooperation both inteaching and research, and (3) studying the regularites of discipline development and enhancinginternational exchange.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41931076)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41721003)。
文摘The geodesy discipline has been evolving and constantly intersecting and merging with other disciplines in the last 50 years,due to the continuous progress of geodetic observation techniques and expansion of application fields.This paper first introduces the development and roles of geodesy and its formation.Secondly,the development status of geodesy discipline is analyzed from the progress of observation techniques and cross-discipline formation is analyzed from the expansion of application fields.Furthermore,the development trend of geodesy is stated from the perspective of national requirements and scientific developments.Finally,the sub-disciplines for geodesy are suggested at the present stage,based on the requirements of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and development status of geodesy itself,which can provide references for topic selection and fund application of geodetic scientific research.
文摘The word ＂interdiscipline＂ is exotic. Since was imported,it has caused wide attention from Chinese scholars.However,due to the influence of national,regional and individual way of thinking,the understanding and interpretation of primitive meaning of ＂interdiscipline＂ is complex and questionable. Therefore. it is necessary to define ＂interdiscipline＂. It is no doubt that the interdiscipline is after disciplines. What are exactly the common and the differences between them and what are their own features are meaningful and worth to discussing.
文摘The cross-integration of middle school disciplines is the current trend and the need of education,but it is faced with difficulties in practice.The article mainly adopts the observation method and literature research method,analyzes the dilemma with three aspects,and put forward the progressive four-step implementation path.Respectively,schools and teachers can set up teaching objectives pointing to the core qualities of disciplines firstly,organize teaching materials to carry out small interdisciplinary activities in class secondly,then integrate teachers to launch big project-based learning and interdisciplinary activities,finally create comprehensive curriculum pointing to comprehensive qualities.
文摘In order to improve the quality of graduation project (thesis) of mechanical and electrical undergraduate, cultivate students’ comprehensive innovation ability and practical application ability, and explore the integration of discipline competition into graduation project (thesis). The integration of subject competition with graduation project (thesis) of mechanical and electrical undergraduate course can improve the innovation and practicability of the selected topic, make up for the problem of short writing cycle, and strengthen students’ ability of analysis, research, writing and experimental design. This paper analyzes the implementation cases of the deep integration of subject competition and graduation design (thesis), and emphatically expounds the methods of the deep integration of subject competition and graduation design (thesis), so as to finally achieve the purpose of improving the graduation design (thesis) of electromechanical undergraduate. The research results of this paper have far-reaching practical significance.
文摘Globally, business administration is a young and active discipline with rapid development in the higher education system. It originated in Europe, flourished in the United States and spread around the world. The history of business administration is measured by the three basic functions of higher education and service, scientific research and social service for more than 70 years. As a whole, its scientific nature (the attribute of studying general principles) is lower than that of most social sciences, but higher than that of most humanistic fields. Under different social and cultural backgrounds, the development in the field of business administration indicates the coexistence of interrelation and diversity. Therefore, it is not easy to summarize the development law in the field of business administration.
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA23040301The Developmental Strategies of the Discipline of the Academic Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.2017DXANational Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42071041。
文摘In recent decades, the ecohydrology discipline was developed to provide theoretical and technical foundations for the protection and restoration of complex ecological systems(e.g., mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, and lakes), and to further ecological civilization construction and green development in China. In this study, the progress and challenges of the ecohydrology discipline are elaborated, and the future development directions are proposed according to international scientific frontiers and national ecological civilization construction demands. Overall, the main discipline directions are to develop new ecohydrological monitoring methods, to comprehensively understand ecohydrological mechanisms and their basic theories, to promote integration of multi-scale and multi-variable models by considering both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and to encourage multidisciplinary integration, particularly with the social sciences. Furthermore, the future research interests in China include: combining multi-source information, constructing comprehensive monitoring systems, studying spatiotemporal patterns of key ecohydrological variables and their variation characteristics, developing integrated models of ecological, hydrological, and economic processes, estimating their uncertainty;and conducting interdisciplinary studies that include the natural and social sciences. The application prospects in China are further explored for a variety of ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, rivers, lakes, wetlands, farmlands, and cities. This study will provide a reference to support the development of the ecohydrology discipline in China, and will provide a solid theoretical and technical foundation for the implementation of national ecological civilization construction.
文摘To improve our health care services,promote balanced development of inter-regional and inter-disciplinary medical care skills,and effectively implement public hospital reform,the former Ministry of Health,State Chinese Medicine Administration Bureau and the Ministry of Finance allocated state funds in 2010 to support a National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project.The project supports the acquisition of key equipment,personnel training and development of clinical diagnosis technology in order to develop high-quality medical resources and improve clinical services.Because of the important role nursing plays,clinical nursing and specialty care were also included in the project.The Chinese Nursing Association was commissioned to oversee this project,which awarded 211 million RMB to nursing disciplines in 86 hospitals representing all regions of China.This funding has supported the rapid development of nursing disciplines,the results of which are outlined and described in this review.
基金Supported by Teaching Reform Research Project of Jiangxi Normal University
文摘With the gradual expansion of the scale and enrollment of colleges and universities in China,the university education has changed from the elite education to the mass education. The decline of students' quality and the backwardness of the mode of cultivating talents in colleges and universities have resulted in the general low employability of college students and the prominent phenomenon of structural unemployment. Against a background of mass innovation and mass entrepreneurship,colleges and universities should make timely adjustments to the major structure according to social development,cultivate innovative and entrepreneurial talents,and make the objectives and quality of talent training meet the needs of social development. Based on the analysis of the status quo of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities,especially in agricultural and forestry,normal universities,this paper explores the training model of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities to provide a reference for the training of specialized talents in different disciplines.
基金supported by the hospital foundation of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University of China(no.YH161705)
文摘As nursing becomes a first-level discipline, the central focus of the development process of nursing science is the independent exploration of the future path of nursing care. Although many countries have made efforts to develop nursing as an independent discipline, no remarkable advancement has been achieved due to the incorrect understanding of the relationship between nursing and medicine and the improper comprehension of other factors involved in the process of nursing reform. Teaching and practicing nursing also face many problems. Based on our understanding of the relationship between nursing and medicine and through a careful analysis of the existing problems in the current nursing discipline, this paper provides some insights into the future directions of nursing development by exploring the independently developing nursing discipline in foreign countries.
