This article focuses on the challenges of rural economic development under the strategy of rural revitalization,and deeply analyzes the current situation of rural economic development.Research has found that although ...This article focuses on the challenges of rural economic development under the strategy of rural revitalization,and deeply analyzes the current situation of rural economic development.Research has found that although the rural revitalization strategy has achieved significant results in improving residents’quality of life,promoting agricultural modernization,it still faces challenges such as severe loss of human resources,insufficient agricultural technological innovation,and backward infrastructure construction.In response to these challenges,this paper proposes optimization strategies from three aspects:strengthening rural education and talent team construction,promoting agricultural technology innovation and achievement transformation,and increasing investment in rural infrastructure construction.展开更多
The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence...The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence analysis of policy documents,this study examines the components,development pathways,and models of smart cities in China.It identifies three distinct phases in the development process:the information project-driven phase,the holistic development phase,and the collaborative development phase.Overall,the development of smart cities in China-characterized by a strong focus on information technology projects-was primarily initiated by both central and local governments.Reflecting on the informatization process and the trajectory of smart city development in China since the mid-1990s,this paper argues that smart city initiatives must evolve beyond a purely technology-driven framework toward a more human-centered approach.Against the backdrop of ongoing urbanization and urban transformation in China,this study proposes future development strategies that integrate top-down government planning with bottom-up public engagement.It advocates for a comprehensive framework that integrates technology,human needs,and spatial planning,emphasizing the spatiotemporal coordination between technological implementation and stakeholder demands.This research offers valuable insights and strategic guidance for the future development of smart cities worldwide.展开更多
Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)is a keystone species in the Southern Ocean;however,seasonal variations in reproductive development for krill are complex and remains unknown.A histological investigation with observa...Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)is a keystone species in the Southern Ocean;however,seasonal variations in reproductive development for krill are complex and remains unknown.A histological investigation with observations of external secondary sex features of krill in the south Scotia Sea region was carried out using a multi-seasonal dataset for detail reproductive descriptions for this commercially important species.The monthly development of secondary sexual characteristics,the thelycum,as well as of oocytes over a period of two years were described.It was observed that krill have diverse reproductive development characteristics within the ovary,and that this function differently between the juvenile,sub-adult,and adult stages.During the summer,adult krill ovaries are large and ripe with oocytes rich in yolk ready for release in late summer.Post spawning,the ovaries resorb,fragment,and regress throughout the autumn and winter.During reproductive diapause period,krill focus on absorbing nutrients.Un-released eggs are reabsorbed by the ovary,the permanent germinal zone is active,and early oocytes begin to develop in preparation for the egg production phase.Krill that are about to spawn have an ovary that fills the space between the digestive gland and muscle.The ovarian development of krill is divided into 10 sexual developmental stages.As a part of this study,data on the carapace thickness with similar development patterns in krill size and carapace width,was investigated for the first time to help understand krill growth and development.展开更多
With increasingly severe global climate change,a low-carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of the international community.Low-carbon economy is not only related to environmental protection b...With increasingly severe global climate change,a low-carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of the international community.Low-carbon economy is not only related to environmental protection but also has a profound impact on international trade.The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of a low-carbon economy on the development of international trade and put forward corresponding strategy suggestions.By analyzing the connotation,characteristics,and mechanism of the low-carbon economy on international trade,this paper reveals the important role of the low-carbon economy in promoting the optimization of international trade structure,promoting green technology innovation,and strengthening international cooperation.At the same time,given the challenges brought by a low-carbon economy,this paper puts forward strategies such as strengthening policy guidance,promoting green technology innovation,and improving international trade rules to provide a reference for the sustainable development of international trade[1,2].展开更多
The“One Zone,Two Lands,One Park,and One Corridor”development strategy implemented in Guangxi,as a key component of China’s regional strategic deployment,provides opportunities and challenges for the development of ...The“One Zone,Two Lands,One Park,and One Corridor”development strategy implemented in Guangxi,as a key component of China’s regional strategic deployment,provides opportunities and challenges for the development of local higher education.By comparing the strategic requirements,this paper uses the SWOT analysis method to conduct an in-depth analysis of the current status of higher education in Guangxi.The analysis results show that Guangxi’s higher education has certain advantages in geographical location but lacks educational resources.At the same time,the region’s higher education faces opportunities such as policy support and local industrial transformation and upgrading,but it also faces risks such as fierce external competition,mismatches between talent supply and demand,and financial constraints.Aiming at the above problems,this paper further proposes the Opportunity Capture Strategy,Adversity Breakthrough Strategy,Advantage Defense Strategy,and Disadvantage Resolution Strategy,aiming to solve the problems faced by regional higher education in serving the transformation of local development strategies.展开更多
The emission regulations for heavy-duty diesel engines regarding nitrogen oxide(NO_(x))are becoming increasingly stringent,particularly in relation to cold start cycles.While the twostage selective catalytic reduction...The emission regulations for heavy-duty diesel engines regarding nitrogen oxide(NO_(x))are becoming increasingly stringent,particularly in relation to cold start cycles.While the twostage selective catalytic reduction(SCR)has the potential to achieve ultra-low NO_(x) emissions,several challenges remain,including the accurate prediction of ammonia(NH_(3))storage mass and the co-control of the two-stage SCR.The first step in this study involved the establishment of a rapid control prototype platform to facilitate the development and validation of a two-stage SCR control strategy.Secondly,an initial method for predicting the NH_(3) storage based on the mass conservation law was proposed,which was subsequently improved by filling and emptying experiments.The third step involved the development of a two-stage SCR co-control strategy,including obtaining the steady-state NH_(3) storage target value,dynamic correction for NH_(3) storage target value,regulation of NH_(3) storage,and control of the close-coupled SCR urea injector state.Finally,the two-stage SCR urea injection control strategy was certified under the world harmonized transient cycle(WHTC).The results demonstrate that the composite value of engine outlet NO_(x) emissions under cold and hot start WHTC cycles is 13 g/(kW·h).Meanwhile,the composite value of tailpipe NO_(x) emissions under cold and hot start WHTC cycles is 0.065 g/(kW·h),representing only 14%of the EU VI limit value of 0.46 g/(kW·h).Thus,the findings demonstrate that integrating an accurate NH_(3) storage prediction method with the two-stage SCR co-control function is crucial for heavy-duty diesel engines to achieve ultra-low NO_(x) emissions.展开更多
Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.You...Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.展开更多
China is carving out a distinctive development path which features urban-rural integration.This approach has not only yielded tangible results domestically but also drawn the attention of other countries.
To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction fou...To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction four times successively and the Technical Guidelines for Intelligent Construction(Trial).展开更多
China aims to build on its achievements of the past five years to accelerate rural revitalization during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.IN China,issues relating to agriculture,rural areas,and rural residents have alwa...China aims to build on its achievements of the past five years to accelerate rural revitalization during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.IN China,issues relating to agriculture,rural areas,and rural residents have always been a priority in national development.At its fourth plenary session held in October 2025,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)once again emphasized the need to accelerate agricultural and rural modernization,and advance all-around rural revitalization over the next five years.展开更多
Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables th...Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables this dynamic is the white matter(WM),known to be affected in neurodevelopmental disorders(NDDs)(Rokach et al.,2024).WM formation is mediated by myelination,a multifactorial process driven by neuro-glia interactions dependent on proper neuronal functionality(Simons and Trajkovic,2006).Another key aspect of neurodevelopmental abnormalities involves neuronal dynamics and function,with recent advances significantly enhancing our understanding of both neuronal and glial mitochondrial function(Devine and Kittler,2018;Rojas-Charry et al.,2021).Energy homeostasis in neurons,attributed largely to mitochondrial function,is critical for proper functionality and interactions with oligodendrocytes(OLs),the cells forming myelin in the brain’s WM.We herein discuss the interplay between these processes and speculate on potential dysfunction in NDDs.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
The International Standardization Youth Star Competition is held for three consecutive years.We have witnessed continuous improvement in the competition each year,which is a result of our collective efforts.
N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification,the most abundant internal modification in messenger RNA(mRNA)and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),has emerged as a critical epitranscriptomic regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes.While...N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification,the most abundant internal modification in messenger RNA(mRNA)and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),has emerged as a critical epitranscriptomic regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes.While the importance of m^(6)A modification in various biological processes has been recognized,a comprehensive understanding of its diverse roles in plant biology and agricultural applications remains fragmented.This review analyzes recent advances inm^(6)A modification's biological functions in plants.m^(6)A modification plays crucial roles in multiple aspects of plant life,including seed germination,organ development,and reproductive structure formation.Furthermore,m^(6)A has been found to significantly influence plant responses to environmental stresses,including salt,drought,temperature,and heavy metal exposure.We also uncover m^(6)A involvement in important agricultural traits.This review provides insights into the mechanistic understanding of m^(6)A modification in plants and highlights its applications in agricultural improvement,offering a foundation for future research in crop enhancement and stress resistance.展开更多
Governance debates gained strong momentum in Africa in early December 2025 as the China-Kenya Readers Forum on Xi Jinping:The Governance of China convened in Nairobi on 1 December 2025,followed by a promotional event ...Governance debates gained strong momentum in Africa in early December 2025 as the China-Kenya Readers Forum on Xi Jinping:The Governance of China convened in Nairobi on 1 December 2025,followed by a promotional event for the English edition of the book’s fifth volume on 3 December 2025 in Johannesburg,South Africa.展开更多
Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or ...Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or attitude instability,seriously compromising mission reliability.To address this engineering challenge,this paper proposes a multi-point low-impact locking/release mechanism based on the mobility model and energy conversion strategy.Through establishing a DOF constraint framework system,this paper systematically analyzes the energy transfer and conversion characteristics during the wing separation process,reveals the generation mechanism of impact loads,and conducts research on low-impact design based on energy conversion strategy.Building on this foundation,a single-point locking/release mechanism employing parallel trapezoidal key shaft structure was designed,which increases frictional contact time and reduces the energy release rate,thereby achieving low-impact characteristics.The mechanism's performance was validated through physical prototype development and systematic functional testing(including unlocking force,synchronization,and impact tests).Experimental results demonstrate:(1)Under 14 kN preload condition,the maximum unlocking force was only 92.54 N,showing a linear relationship with preload that satisfies the"strong-connection/weak-unlock"design requirement;(2)Wing separation was completed within 46 ms,with synchronization time difference among three separation mechanisms stably controlled within 12-14 ms,proving rapid and reliable operation;(3)The unlocking impact acceleration ranged between 26 and 73 g,below the 100 g design limit,confirming the effectiveness of the energy conversion strategy.The proposed low-impact locking/release mechanism design method based on energy conversion strategy resolves the traditional challenges of high impact and synchronization deficiencies.The synergistic optimization mechanism of"structural load reduction and performance improvement"provides a highly reliable technical solution for wing separable mechanisms while offering novel design insights for wing connection/separation systems engineering.展开更多
Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespr...Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespread attention for CO_(2)RR due to their high catalytic activity,selectivity,excellent stability,and low cost.However,they still need to be further improved to meet the needs of industrial applications.This review article comprehensively summarizes the recent advances in regulation strategies of Bi-based catalysts and can be divided into six categories:(1)defect engineering,(2)atomic doping engineering,(3)organic framework engineering,(4)inorganic heterojunction engineering,(5)crystal face engineering,and(6)alloying and polarization engineering.Meanwhile,the corresponding catalytic mechanisms of each regulation strategy will also be discussed in detail,aiming to enable researchers to understand the structure-property relationship of the improved Bibased catalysts fundamentally.Finally,the challenges and future opportunities of the Bi-based catalysts in the photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR application field will also be featured from the perspectives of the(1)combination or synergy of multiple regulatory strategies,(2)revealing formation mechanism and realizing controllable synthesis,and(3)in situ multiscale investigation of activation pathways and uncovering the catalytic mechanisms.On the one hand,through the comparative analysis and mechanism explanation of the six major regulatory strategies,a multidimensional knowledge framework of the structure-activity relationship of Bi-based catalysts can be constructed for researchers,which not only deepens the atomic-level understanding of catalytic active sites,charge transport paths,and the adsorption behavior of intermediate products,but also provides theoretical guiding principles for the controllable design of new catalysts;on the other hand,the promising collaborative regulation strategies,controllable synthetic paths,and the in situ multiscale characterization techniques presented in this work provides a paradigm reference for shortening the research and development cycle of high-performance catalysts,conducive to facilitating the transition of photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR technology from the laboratory routes to industrial application.展开更多
This study examines the methods to plan the development of offshore oilfields over the years,which are used to support the decision-making on the development of offshore oilfields.About 100 papers are analysed and cat...This study examines the methods to plan the development of offshore oilfields over the years,which are used to support the decision-making on the development of offshore oilfields.About 100 papers are analysed and categorised into different groups of main early-stage decisions.The present study stands in contrast to the contributions of the operations research and system engineering review articles,on the one hand,and the petroleum engineering review articles,on the other.This is because it does not focus on one methodological approach,nor does it limit the literature analysis by offshore oilfield characteristics.Consequently,the present analysis may offer valuable insights,for instance,by identifying environmental planning decisions as a recent yet highly significant concern that is currently being imposed on decision-making process.Thus,it is evident that the incorporation of safety criteria within the technical-economic decision-making process for the design of production systems would be a crucial requirement at development phase.展开更多
Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetland...Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.展开更多
This study examined the role of green energy development in mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development in Central Asia including Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,and Turkmenistan.The re...This study examined the role of green energy development in mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development in Central Asia including Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,and Turkmenistan.The region has substantial untapped potential in solar energy,wind energy,hydropower energy,as well as biomass and bioenergy,positioning it strategically for renewable energy deployment.The result demonstrated that integrating renewable energy can reduce greenhouse gas emissions,improve air quality,enhance energy security,and support rural development.Case studies from Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,and Tajikistan showed measurable environmental and economic benefits.However,the large-scale use of renewable energy still faces numerous barriers,including outdated infrastructure,fragmented regulatory frameworks,limited investment,and shortages of technical expertise.Overcoming these obstacles requires institutional reform,stronger regional cooperation,and increasing engagement from international financial institutions and private investors.Modernizing grids,deploying storage systems,and investing in education,research,and innovation are critical for building human capacity in renewable energy sector.Accelerating the renewable energy transition is essential for Central Asia to meet climate goals,enhance environmental resilience,and ensure long-term socioeconomic development through innovation,investment,and regional collaboration.展开更多
文摘This article focuses on the challenges of rural economic development under the strategy of rural revitalization,and deeply analyzes the current situation of rural economic development.Research has found that although the rural revitalization strategy has achieved significant results in improving residents’quality of life,promoting agricultural modernization,it still faces challenges such as severe loss of human resources,insufficient agricultural technological innovation,and backward infrastructure construction.In response to these challenges,this paper proposes optimization strategies from three aspects:strengthening rural education and talent team construction,promoting agricultural technology innovation and achievement transformation,and increasing investment in rural infrastructure construction.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42330510,42471245,52478061,52478060)。
文摘The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence analysis of policy documents,this study examines the components,development pathways,and models of smart cities in China.It identifies three distinct phases in the development process:the information project-driven phase,the holistic development phase,and the collaborative development phase.Overall,the development of smart cities in China-characterized by a strong focus on information technology projects-was primarily initiated by both central and local governments.Reflecting on the informatization process and the trajectory of smart city development in China since the mid-1990s,this paper argues that smart city initiatives must evolve beyond a purely technology-driven framework toward a more human-centered approach.Against the backdrop of ongoing urbanization and urban transformation in China,this study proposes future development strategies that integrate top-down government planning with bottom-up public engagement.It advocates for a comprehensive framework that integrates technology,human needs,and spatial planning,emphasizing the spatiotemporal coordination between technological implementation and stakeholder demands.This research offers valuable insights and strategic guidance for the future development of smart cities worldwide.
基金Supported by the Inter-governmental Science and Technology Innovation(STI)Cooperation Special Program of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFE0104500)the NIWA-SHOU-Otago Joint Research Center on Antarctic Marine Science。
文摘Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)is a keystone species in the Southern Ocean;however,seasonal variations in reproductive development for krill are complex and remains unknown.A histological investigation with observations of external secondary sex features of krill in the south Scotia Sea region was carried out using a multi-seasonal dataset for detail reproductive descriptions for this commercially important species.The monthly development of secondary sexual characteristics,the thelycum,as well as of oocytes over a period of two years were described.It was observed that krill have diverse reproductive development characteristics within the ovary,and that this function differently between the juvenile,sub-adult,and adult stages.During the summer,adult krill ovaries are large and ripe with oocytes rich in yolk ready for release in late summer.Post spawning,the ovaries resorb,fragment,and regress throughout the autumn and winter.During reproductive diapause period,krill focus on absorbing nutrients.Un-released eggs are reabsorbed by the ovary,the permanent germinal zone is active,and early oocytes begin to develop in preparation for the egg production phase.Krill that are about to spawn have an ovary that fills the space between the digestive gland and muscle.The ovarian development of krill is divided into 10 sexual developmental stages.As a part of this study,data on the carapace thickness with similar development patterns in krill size and carapace width,was investigated for the first time to help understand krill growth and development.
文摘With increasingly severe global climate change,a low-carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of the international community.Low-carbon economy is not only related to environmental protection but also has a profound impact on international trade.The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of a low-carbon economy on the development of international trade and put forward corresponding strategy suggestions.By analyzing the connotation,characteristics,and mechanism of the low-carbon economy on international trade,this paper reveals the important role of the low-carbon economy in promoting the optimization of international trade structure,promoting green technology innovation,and strengthening international cooperation.At the same time,given the challenges brought by a low-carbon economy,this paper puts forward strategies such as strengthening policy guidance,promoting green technology innovation,and improving international trade rules to provide a reference for the sustainable development of international trade[1,2].
文摘The“One Zone,Two Lands,One Park,and One Corridor”development strategy implemented in Guangxi,as a key component of China’s regional strategic deployment,provides opportunities and challenges for the development of local higher education.By comparing the strategic requirements,this paper uses the SWOT analysis method to conduct an in-depth analysis of the current status of higher education in Guangxi.The analysis results show that Guangxi’s higher education has certain advantages in geographical location but lacks educational resources.At the same time,the region’s higher education faces opportunities such as policy support and local industrial transformation and upgrading,but it also faces risks such as fierce external competition,mismatches between talent supply and demand,and financial constraints.Aiming at the above problems,this paper further proposes the Opportunity Capture Strategy,Adversity Breakthrough Strategy,Advantage Defense Strategy,and Disadvantage Resolution Strategy,aiming to solve the problems faced by regional higher education in serving the transformation of local development strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51921004).
文摘The emission regulations for heavy-duty diesel engines regarding nitrogen oxide(NO_(x))are becoming increasingly stringent,particularly in relation to cold start cycles.While the twostage selective catalytic reduction(SCR)has the potential to achieve ultra-low NO_(x) emissions,several challenges remain,including the accurate prediction of ammonia(NH_(3))storage mass and the co-control of the two-stage SCR.The first step in this study involved the establishment of a rapid control prototype platform to facilitate the development and validation of a two-stage SCR control strategy.Secondly,an initial method for predicting the NH_(3) storage based on the mass conservation law was proposed,which was subsequently improved by filling and emptying experiments.The third step involved the development of a two-stage SCR co-control strategy,including obtaining the steady-state NH_(3) storage target value,dynamic correction for NH_(3) storage target value,regulation of NH_(3) storage,and control of the close-coupled SCR urea injector state.Finally,the two-stage SCR urea injection control strategy was certified under the world harmonized transient cycle(WHTC).The results demonstrate that the composite value of engine outlet NO_(x) emissions under cold and hot start WHTC cycles is 13 g/(kW·h).Meanwhile,the composite value of tailpipe NO_(x) emissions under cold and hot start WHTC cycles is 0.065 g/(kW·h),representing only 14%of the EU VI limit value of 0.46 g/(kW·h).Thus,the findings demonstrate that integrating an accurate NH_(3) storage prediction method with the two-stage SCR co-control function is crucial for heavy-duty diesel engines to achieve ultra-low NO_(x) emissions.
文摘Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.
文摘China is carving out a distinctive development path which features urban-rural integration.This approach has not only yielded tangible results domestically but also drawn the attention of other countries.
文摘To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction four times successively and the Technical Guidelines for Intelligent Construction(Trial).
文摘China aims to build on its achievements of the past five years to accelerate rural revitalization during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.IN China,issues relating to agriculture,rural areas,and rural residents have always been a priority in national development.At its fourth plenary session held in October 2025,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)once again emphasized the need to accelerate agricultural and rural modernization,and advance all-around rural revitalization over the next five years.
文摘Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables this dynamic is the white matter(WM),known to be affected in neurodevelopmental disorders(NDDs)(Rokach et al.,2024).WM formation is mediated by myelination,a multifactorial process driven by neuro-glia interactions dependent on proper neuronal functionality(Simons and Trajkovic,2006).Another key aspect of neurodevelopmental abnormalities involves neuronal dynamics and function,with recent advances significantly enhancing our understanding of both neuronal and glial mitochondrial function(Devine and Kittler,2018;Rojas-Charry et al.,2021).Energy homeostasis in neurons,attributed largely to mitochondrial function,is critical for proper functionality and interactions with oligodendrocytes(OLs),the cells forming myelin in the brain’s WM.We herein discuss the interplay between these processes and speculate on potential dysfunction in NDDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
文摘The International Standardization Youth Star Competition is held for three consecutive years.We have witnessed continuous improvement in the competition each year,which is a result of our collective efforts.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31660568)Guangxi Science and Technology major project(Grant No.GuikeAA22068088)+2 种基金start-up funding for introduced talents in Guangxi University,the Guangxi Colleges and Universities Young and Middle-aged Teachers'Basic Scientific Research Ability Improvement Project(Grant No.2024KY0010)Guangxi Graduate Education Innovation Program(Grant No.YCSW2024093)the Guangxi University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Funding Project(Grant Nos.202310593704,202310593714,202410953044S).
文摘N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification,the most abundant internal modification in messenger RNA(mRNA)and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),has emerged as a critical epitranscriptomic regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes.While the importance of m^(6)A modification in various biological processes has been recognized,a comprehensive understanding of its diverse roles in plant biology and agricultural applications remains fragmented.This review analyzes recent advances inm^(6)A modification's biological functions in plants.m^(6)A modification plays crucial roles in multiple aspects of plant life,including seed germination,organ development,and reproductive structure formation.Furthermore,m^(6)A has been found to significantly influence plant responses to environmental stresses,including salt,drought,temperature,and heavy metal exposure.We also uncover m^(6)A involvement in important agricultural traits.This review provides insights into the mechanistic understanding of m^(6)A modification in plants and highlights its applications in agricultural improvement,offering a foundation for future research in crop enhancement and stress resistance.
文摘Governance debates gained strong momentum in Africa in early December 2025 as the China-Kenya Readers Forum on Xi Jinping:The Governance of China convened in Nairobi on 1 December 2025,followed by a promotional event for the English edition of the book’s fifth volume on 3 December 2025 in Johannesburg,South Africa.
文摘Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or attitude instability,seriously compromising mission reliability.To address this engineering challenge,this paper proposes a multi-point low-impact locking/release mechanism based on the mobility model and energy conversion strategy.Through establishing a DOF constraint framework system,this paper systematically analyzes the energy transfer and conversion characteristics during the wing separation process,reveals the generation mechanism of impact loads,and conducts research on low-impact design based on energy conversion strategy.Building on this foundation,a single-point locking/release mechanism employing parallel trapezoidal key shaft structure was designed,which increases frictional contact time and reduces the energy release rate,thereby achieving low-impact characteristics.The mechanism's performance was validated through physical prototype development and systematic functional testing(including unlocking force,synchronization,and impact tests).Experimental results demonstrate:(1)Under 14 kN preload condition,the maximum unlocking force was only 92.54 N,showing a linear relationship with preload that satisfies the"strong-connection/weak-unlock"design requirement;(2)Wing separation was completed within 46 ms,with synchronization time difference among three separation mechanisms stably controlled within 12-14 ms,proving rapid and reliable operation;(3)The unlocking impact acceleration ranged between 26 and 73 g,below the 100 g design limit,confirming the effectiveness of the energy conversion strategy.The proposed low-impact locking/release mechanism design method based on energy conversion strategy resolves the traditional challenges of high impact and synchronization deficiencies.The synergistic optimization mechanism of"structural load reduction and performance improvement"provides a highly reliable technical solution for wing separable mechanisms while offering novel design insights for wing connection/separation systems engineering.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12305372 and 22376217)the National Key Research&Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1603802 and 2022YFB3504100)+1 种基金the projects of the key laboratory of advanced energy materials chemistry,ministry of education(Nankai University)key laboratory of Jiangxi Province for persistent pollutants prevention control and resource reuse(2023SSY02061)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespread attention for CO_(2)RR due to their high catalytic activity,selectivity,excellent stability,and low cost.However,they still need to be further improved to meet the needs of industrial applications.This review article comprehensively summarizes the recent advances in regulation strategies of Bi-based catalysts and can be divided into six categories:(1)defect engineering,(2)atomic doping engineering,(3)organic framework engineering,(4)inorganic heterojunction engineering,(5)crystal face engineering,and(6)alloying and polarization engineering.Meanwhile,the corresponding catalytic mechanisms of each regulation strategy will also be discussed in detail,aiming to enable researchers to understand the structure-property relationship of the improved Bibased catalysts fundamentally.Finally,the challenges and future opportunities of the Bi-based catalysts in the photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR application field will also be featured from the perspectives of the(1)combination or synergy of multiple regulatory strategies,(2)revealing formation mechanism and realizing controllable synthesis,and(3)in situ multiscale investigation of activation pathways and uncovering the catalytic mechanisms.On the one hand,through the comparative analysis and mechanism explanation of the six major regulatory strategies,a multidimensional knowledge framework of the structure-activity relationship of Bi-based catalysts can be constructed for researchers,which not only deepens the atomic-level understanding of catalytic active sites,charge transport paths,and the adsorption behavior of intermediate products,but also provides theoretical guiding principles for the controllable design of new catalysts;on the other hand,the promising collaborative regulation strategies,controllable synthetic paths,and the in situ multiscale characterization techniques presented in this work provides a paradigm reference for shortening the research and development cycle of high-performance catalysts,conducive to facilitating the transition of photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR technology from the laboratory routes to industrial application.
基金the Strategic Research Plan of the Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC),which is financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia FCT)under contract UIDB/UIDP/00134/2020.
文摘This study examines the methods to plan the development of offshore oilfields over the years,which are used to support the decision-making on the development of offshore oilfields.About 100 papers are analysed and categorised into different groups of main early-stage decisions.The present study stands in contrast to the contributions of the operations research and system engineering review articles,on the one hand,and the petroleum engineering review articles,on the other.This is because it does not focus on one methodological approach,nor does it limit the literature analysis by offshore oilfield characteristics.Consequently,the present analysis may offer valuable insights,for instance,by identifying environmental planning decisions as a recent yet highly significant concern that is currently being imposed on decision-making process.Thus,it is evident that the incorporation of safety criteria within the technical-economic decision-making process for the design of production systems would be a crucial requirement at development phase.
基金support through the“Trans-Disciplinary Research”Grant(No.R/Dev/IoE/TDRProjects/2023-24/61658),which played a crucial role in enabling this research endeavor.
文摘Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.
文摘This study examined the role of green energy development in mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development in Central Asia including Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,and Turkmenistan.The region has substantial untapped potential in solar energy,wind energy,hydropower energy,as well as biomass and bioenergy,positioning it strategically for renewable energy deployment.The result demonstrated that integrating renewable energy can reduce greenhouse gas emissions,improve air quality,enhance energy security,and support rural development.Case studies from Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,and Tajikistan showed measurable environmental and economic benefits.However,the large-scale use of renewable energy still faces numerous barriers,including outdated infrastructure,fragmented regulatory frameworks,limited investment,and shortages of technical expertise.Overcoming these obstacles requires institutional reform,stronger regional cooperation,and increasing engagement from international financial institutions and private investors.Modernizing grids,deploying storage systems,and investing in education,research,and innovation are critical for building human capacity in renewable energy sector.Accelerating the renewable energy transition is essential for Central Asia to meet climate goals,enhance environmental resilience,and ensure long-term socioeconomic development through innovation,investment,and regional collaboration.
