Microseismic source location is the essential factor in microseismic monitoring technology, and its loca- tion precision has a large impact on the performance of the technique. Here, we discuss the problem of low-prec...Microseismic source location is the essential factor in microseismic monitoring technology, and its loca- tion precision has a large impact on the performance of the technique. Here, we discuss the problem of low-precision location identification for microseismic events in a mine, as may be obtained using conven-tional location methods that are based on arrival time. In this paper, microseismic location characteristics in mining are analyzed according to the characteristics of the mine＇s microseismic wavefield. We review research progress in mine-related microseismic source location methods in recent years, including the combination of the Geiger method with the linear method, combined microseismic event location method, optimization of relative location method, location method without pre-measured velocity, and location method without arrival time picking. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed, along with their feasible conditions. The influences of geophone distribution, first arrival time picking, and the velocity model on microseismic source location are analyzed, and measures are proposed to influence these factors. Approaches to solve the problem under study include adopting information fusion, combining and optimizing existing methods, and creating new methods to realize high-precision microseismic source location. Optimization of the velocity structure, along with applications of the time-reversal imaging technique, passive time-reversal mirror, and relative interferometric imag-ing, are expected to greatly improve microseismic location precision in mines. This paper also discusses the potential application of information fusion and deep learning methods in microseismic source location in mines. These new and innovative location methods for microseismic source location have extensive prospects for development.展开更多
China is tectonically composed of a series of plates and orogenic belts and has been influenced by the Pacific and Indian plates since the Late Paleozoic,forming a regular distribution of Mesozoic and Cenozoic granite...China is tectonically composed of a series of plates and orogenic belts and has been influenced by the Pacific and Indian plates since the Late Paleozoic,forming a regular distribution of Mesozoic and Cenozoic granites.As an important source of geothermal energy,granite is thefive elements of geothermal enrichment:geothermal sources;geothermal reservoirs;heat transmission;heat caprock;and heat preservation and it is possible to classify the types of geothermal resources in China according to their distribution in combination with neotectonic movements.China's geothermal energy can be divided into hydrothermal and hot dry rock types in basins and orogenic belts,respectively.Geothermal resources can be divided into hydrothermal,rock,magma,and hybrid geothermal types according to the heat carrier type.Basin geothermal resources are dominated by hydrothermal types,while geothermal energy in orogenic belts with granite includes both hydrothermal and hot dry rock types.Geothermal resources in China can be divided into 6 distinct geothermal regions and 13 subregions,of which the Southwest and Southeast China regions and the Qaidam-Qilian and Jiaoliao subregions in North China with Mesozoic and Cenozoic granites are the most favorable areas for high-temperature hydrothermal and hot dry rock sources.China has complex geological conditions,diverse types of geothermal resources,and broad prospects for development and utilization.Having performed extensive shallow hydrothermal geothermal development and utilization and completed various power generation tests,China's geothermal development and utilization is in a critical stage of transition from the direct utilization of shallow hydrothermal resources to high-temperature geothermal or hot dry rock power generation in middle and deep layers.Basic theoretical research,key technology breakthroughs,and policy incentives are the main issues that need to be addressed in the geothermal industry.展开更多
Based on the advantages of the application of Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology in highway engineering,this paper analyzes the difficulties of its in-depth application,grasps the pain points of the applica...Based on the advantages of the application of Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology in highway engineering,this paper analyzes the difficulties of its in-depth application,grasps the pain points of the application of BIM technology in practice,and approaches from the integration of BIM design-construction.This paper also puts forward the integration of cross-stage information based on the BIM+Geographic Information System(GIS)construction information management system to realize the BIM whole life cycle management,and provides directional support for the continuous and efficient application of BIM technology in engineering practice.展开更多
In recent decades, with the constant progress of society, the study of ecological civilization has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad, and more in-depth research on its theory and application...In recent decades, with the constant progress of society, the study of ecological civilization has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad, and more in-depth research on its theory and application has been conducted. In this paper, the historical background, theoretical and realistic bases of ecological civilization were analyzed, showing that the birth and development of ecological civilization is inseparable from the historical development of human society. Then the development prospects and application fields of ecological civilization were discussed further.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the library development prospects and challenges under the environment of big data and cloud computing. Increasingly nervous and public libraries are facing funding, resources con...In this paper, we conduct research on the library development prospects and challenges under the environment of big data and cloud computing. Increasingly nervous and public libraries are facing funding, resources construction pace slow or stagnant difficult situation, readers to the library cause in the new times challenge. Big data era has quietly come, for the knowledge storage, use and development as own duty, the library, how to improve the ability of handling large amounts of growth literature is urgent. Our methodology solves the issues well which will be meaningful.展开更多
Human science and technology continue to advance over time.In the future,universal drugs will gradually fade out of our lives with the accumulation of time.With the advancement of genetic engineering,future genetic en...Human science and technology continue to advance over time.In the future,universal drugs will gradually fade out of our lives with the accumulation of time.With the advancement of genetic engineering,future genetic engineering drugs will be based on each difference and due to It differs from person to person,and the development of genetic engineering pharmaceuticals will make breakthroughs.展开更多
Green foods, also known as biologic foods or environmental protective foods, are healthy, quality and nutritional foods without pollutants or public hazard. There are four standards for producing green foods in China:...Green foods, also known as biologic foods or environmental protective foods, are healthy, quality and nutritional foods without pollutants or public hazard. There are four standards for producing green foods in China: 1. The origin of the products or the raw materials of products must conform with the ecological environment standards for the production of green foods. 2. Planting of farming crops, the raising of animals and poultry and the farming of aquatic products and展开更多
The Silk Road Economic Belt,as a major initiative for global economic cooperation in the 21st century,has evolved into a critical economic cooperation region linking the Eurasian continent and its neighboring countrie...The Silk Road Economic Belt,as a major initiative for global economic cooperation in the 21st century,has evolved into a critical economic cooperation region linking the Eurasian continent and its neighboring countries since it was proposed by the Chinese President in 2013.This paper explores the economic cooperation modes among countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt,analyzing its cooperation mechanisms,current development status,and future prospects.By examining the diversity and complexity of economic cooperation in this region,the paper highlights both its potential and challenges,providing theoretical support for advancing regional collaboration and achieving shared prosperity.展开更多
For China,at the turn of the century,how to keep the position of the space power,how to stimulate the enthusiasm of the space technicians and how to keep pace with the world space technology,all of these questions lie...For China,at the turn of the century,how to keep the position of the space power,how to stimulate the enthusiasm of the space technicians and how to keep pace with the world space technology,all of these questions lie ahead of the Chinese people.So we may say China’s space industry now is in the key stage.If the space industry draws great attention from the central government and the people of the country,it will have a brilliant future in the 21st century.We should put our eyes on the 21st century and prepare to explore space resources.It is difficult for us to keep pace with the times if we do not explore space resources and try to earn "the money in space".展开更多
Chemistry isa practical,central science,Which, in con-junction withother disci-plines such asmathematicsand physics,has constitutedthe theoreticalbasis for therapid develop-ment of con-temporary nat-ural sciences.
Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institut...Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.展开更多
Protected horticulture makes use of related facilities, engineering technolo- gy and management technologies to create or improve local environment in order to provide optimal environment concerning controllable tempe...Protected horticulture makes use of related facilities, engineering technolo- gy and management technologies to create or improve local environment in order to provide optimal environment concerning controllable temperature, humidity, and light for farming and breeding industry, as well as product storage. Protected horticulture is independent to some extent, instead of relying greatly on nature, targeting full use of soil, climate and biological potential. The research concluded production characteristics of protected horticulture and analyzed the application of protected hor- ticulture intelligent monitoring system in protected greenhouse cultivation. In addition, the future development was proposed on protected horticulture intelligent monitoring system.展开更多
As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock （HDR） reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential r...As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock （HDR） reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential replacement of fossil fuels. However, HDR resources are difficult to develop and utilise. Technologies for use with HDR, such as high-temperature drilling, reservoir characterisation, reservoir fracturing, microseismic monitoring and high-temperature power stations, originate from the field of oil and drilling. Addressing how to take advantage of these developed technologies is a key factor in the development of HDR reserves. Based on the thermal crustal structure in China, HDR resources can be divided into four types： high radioactive heat production, sedimentary basin, modern volcano and the inner-plate active tectonic belt. The prospective regions of HDR resources are located in South Tibet, West Yunnan, the southeast coast of China, Bohai Rim, Songliao Basin and Guanzhong Basin. The related essential technologies are relatively mature, and the prospect of HDR power generation is promising. Therefore, analysing the formation mechanisms of HDR resources and promoting the transformation of technological achievements, large-scale development and the utilisation of HDR resources can be achieved in China.展开更多
In the past five years,shale gas exploration and development has grown in a leaping-forward way in China.Following USA and Canada,China is now the third country where industrial shale gas production is realized,with t...In the past five years,shale gas exploration and development has grown in a leaping-forward way in China.Following USA and Canada,China is now the third country where industrial shale gas production is realized,with the cumulative production exceeding 60×10^(8) m^(3) until the end of 2015.In this paper,the main achievements of shale gas exploration and development in China in recent years were reviewed and the future development prospect was analyzed.It is pointed out that shale gas exploration and development in China is,on the whole,still at its early stage.Especially,marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin has dominated the recent exploration and development.For the realization of shale gas scale development in China,one key point lies in the breakthrough and industrial production of transitional facies and continental facies shale gas.Lowemoderate yield of shale gas wells is the normal in China,so it is crucial to develop key exploration and development technologies.Especially,strictly controlling single well investment and significantly reducing cost are the important means to increase shale gas exploration and development benefits.And finally,suggestions were proposed in five aspects.First,continuously strengthen theoretical and technical re-searches,actively carry out appraisal on shale gas“sweet spots”,and gradually accumulate development basis.Second,stress on primary evaluation of exploration and development,highlight the effective implementation of shale gas resources,and control the rhythm of appraisal drilling and productivity construction.Third,highlight fine description and evaluation of shale gas reservoirs and increase the overall devel-opment level.Fourth,intensify the research on exploration and development technologies in order to stand out simple and practical technologies with low costs.And fifth,summarize the experiences in fast growth of shale gas exploration and development,highlight the demonstration and evaluation of key indicators,and try to achieve more breakthroughs and replacement in new areas,new domains and new strata.展开更多
Quinoa is the only single plant meeting the basic nutritional needs of the human body. It is the whole nutritious food with nutritional balance, wide adaptability, strong resistance and other characteristics. In this ...Quinoa is the only single plant meeting the basic nutritional needs of the human body. It is the whole nutritious food with nutritional balance, wide adaptability, strong resistance and other characteristics. In this paper, the botanical characteristics and nutritional value of quinoa were systematically introduced, and the development of quinoa in China was reviewed. The problems of domestic quinoa industry, the shortage of germplasm resources, the lack of innovation and high-yielding cultivation techniques were analyzed. To provide theoretical references for quinoa planting and industrial development in China, the countermeasures to improve the investment of quinoa industry and promote the development of multi-form industry were put forward.展开更多
At present,natural gas accounts for a low proportion in China's primary energy consumption structure and is highly dependent on foreign sources.Changqing gas province of the Ordos Basin where PetroChina Changqing ...At present,natural gas accounts for a low proportion in China's primary energy consumption structure and is highly dependent on foreign sources.Changqing gas province of the Ordos Basin where PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company(referred to as Changqing Oilfield)is located is one of China's four major natural gas production bases.It bears the important responsibility for ensuring people's livelihood and promoting the healthy development of society economy.In recent years,Changqing Oilfield actively implements national instructive spirit on vigorously promoting domestic oil and gas exploration and development strength and formulates the secondary acceleration development strategies.Its annual natural gas production in 2020 reaches 448.5×10^(8) m^(3) and oil and gas equivalent exceeds 6000×10^(4) t,tamping its important position of“Western Daqing”in this industry.In order to further promote the continuous stable production and realize the goal of quality and efficiency improvement in Changqing gas province,this paper analyzes the situations and challenges of natural gas development in this gas province,prepares the development technological countermeasures and forecast the natural gas development prospect.And the following research results are obtained.First,the natural gas exploration and development in Changqing gas province is divided into four stages and the main technologies for the development of low-permeability carbonate gas reservoir,low-permeability sandstone gas reservoir and tight sandstone gas reservoir are formed.Second,the natural gas development in Changqing gas province faces six challenges,such as low reserve production degree,sharp decline of production rates and complex distribution of remaining undeveloped reserves of developed gas fields.And twenty-six development technological countermeasures are put forward correspondingly,such as well pattern thickening,extension and reserve increase,secondary production layer potential tapping and fine gas well management.Third,the development direction and goal of natural gas development in Changqing gas province is to pay equal attention to the stable production of old gas fields and the production increase of new areas and carry out conventional gas and unconventional gas research simultaneously.In conclusion,the annual natural gas production of Changqing gas province will maintain a sound momentum of steady growth and will exceed 500×10^(8) m^(3) at the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan and maintain at a stable level for a long term,which is conducive to the optimization of domestic energy consumption structure and realization of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.展开更多
基金This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China （2016YFC0801405 and 2017YFC0804105）, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （51574250）. The authors also greatly indebted to Dr. Ye Chen, who is now working at the Research Centre of Photonics and Instrumentation at City, University of London, for his rigorous suggestions for this paper.
文摘Microseismic source location is the essential factor in microseismic monitoring technology, and its loca- tion precision has a large impact on the performance of the technique. Here, we discuss the problem of low-precision location identification for microseismic events in a mine, as may be obtained using conven-tional location methods that are based on arrival time. In this paper, microseismic location characteristics in mining are analyzed according to the characteristics of the mine＇s microseismic wavefield. We review research progress in mine-related microseismic source location methods in recent years, including the combination of the Geiger method with the linear method, combined microseismic event location method, optimization of relative location method, location method without pre-measured velocity, and location method without arrival time picking. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed, along with their feasible conditions. The influences of geophone distribution, first arrival time picking, and the velocity model on microseismic source location are analyzed, and measures are proposed to influence these factors. Approaches to solve the problem under study include adopting information fusion, combining and optimizing existing methods, and creating new methods to realize high-precision microseismic source location. Optimization of the velocity structure, along with applications of the time-reversal imaging technique, passive time-reversal mirror, and relative interferometric imag-ing, are expected to greatly improve microseismic location precision in mines. This paper also discusses the potential application of information fusion and deep learning methods in microseismic source location in mines. These new and innovative location methods for microseismic source location have extensive prospects for development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41927801)the Major Special Project of Yunnan Province(202302AF080001)the Key Research and Development Program of Yunnan Province(202303AA080006).
文摘China is tectonically composed of a series of plates and orogenic belts and has been influenced by the Pacific and Indian plates since the Late Paleozoic,forming a regular distribution of Mesozoic and Cenozoic granites.As an important source of geothermal energy,granite is thefive elements of geothermal enrichment:geothermal sources;geothermal reservoirs;heat transmission;heat caprock;and heat preservation and it is possible to classify the types of geothermal resources in China according to their distribution in combination with neotectonic movements.China's geothermal energy can be divided into hydrothermal and hot dry rock types in basins and orogenic belts,respectively.Geothermal resources can be divided into hydrothermal,rock,magma,and hybrid geothermal types according to the heat carrier type.Basin geothermal resources are dominated by hydrothermal types,while geothermal energy in orogenic belts with granite includes both hydrothermal and hot dry rock types.Geothermal resources in China can be divided into 6 distinct geothermal regions and 13 subregions,of which the Southwest and Southeast China regions and the Qaidam-Qilian and Jiaoliao subregions in North China with Mesozoic and Cenozoic granites are the most favorable areas for high-temperature hydrothermal and hot dry rock sources.China has complex geological conditions,diverse types of geothermal resources,and broad prospects for development and utilization.Having performed extensive shallow hydrothermal geothermal development and utilization and completed various power generation tests,China's geothermal development and utilization is in a critical stage of transition from the direct utilization of shallow hydrothermal resources to high-temperature geothermal or hot dry rock power generation in middle and deep layers.Basic theoretical research,key technology breakthroughs,and policy incentives are the main issues that need to be addressed in the geothermal industry.
基金Chongqing Engineering Institute 2023 Intramural Research Fund Grant Project:Highway Engineering Construction Process Management and Technological Innovation Research Based on BIM Technology(Project number:2023xzky04)。
文摘Based on the advantages of the application of Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology in highway engineering,this paper analyzes the difficulties of its in-depth application,grasps the pain points of the application of BIM technology in practice,and approaches from the integration of BIM design-construction.This paper also puts forward the integration of cross-stage information based on the BIM+Geographic Information System(GIS)construction information management system to realize the BIM whole life cycle management,and provides directional support for the continuous and efficient application of BIM technology in engineering practice.
基金Supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(12BJY031)
文摘In recent decades, with the constant progress of society, the study of ecological civilization has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad, and more in-depth research on its theory and application has been conducted. In this paper, the historical background, theoretical and realistic bases of ecological civilization were analyzed, showing that the birth and development of ecological civilization is inseparable from the historical development of human society. Then the development prospects and application fields of ecological civilization were discussed further.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the library development prospects and challenges under the environment of big data and cloud computing. Increasingly nervous and public libraries are facing funding, resources construction pace slow or stagnant difficult situation, readers to the library cause in the new times challenge. Big data era has quietly come, for the knowledge storage, use and development as own duty, the library, how to improve the ability of handling large amounts of growth literature is urgent. Our methodology solves the issues well which will be meaningful.
文摘Human science and technology continue to advance over time.In the future,universal drugs will gradually fade out of our lives with the accumulation of time.With the advancement of genetic engineering,future genetic engineering drugs will be based on each difference and due to It differs from person to person,and the development of genetic engineering pharmaceuticals will make breakthroughs.
文摘Green foods, also known as biologic foods or environmental protective foods, are healthy, quality and nutritional foods without pollutants or public hazard. There are four standards for producing green foods in China: 1. The origin of the products or the raw materials of products must conform with the ecological environment standards for the production of green foods. 2. Planting of farming crops, the raising of animals and poultry and the farming of aquatic products and
文摘The Silk Road Economic Belt,as a major initiative for global economic cooperation in the 21st century,has evolved into a critical economic cooperation region linking the Eurasian continent and its neighboring countries since it was proposed by the Chinese President in 2013.This paper explores the economic cooperation modes among countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt,analyzing its cooperation mechanisms,current development status,and future prospects.By examining the diversity and complexity of economic cooperation in this region,the paper highlights both its potential and challenges,providing theoretical support for advancing regional collaboration and achieving shared prosperity.
文摘For China,at the turn of the century,how to keep the position of the space power,how to stimulate the enthusiasm of the space technicians and how to keep pace with the world space technology,all of these questions lie ahead of the Chinese people.So we may say China’s space industry now is in the key stage.If the space industry draws great attention from the central government and the people of the country,it will have a brilliant future in the 21st century.We should put our eyes on the 21st century and prepare to explore space resources.It is difficult for us to keep pace with the times if we do not explore space resources and try to earn "the money in space".
文摘Chemistry isa practical,central science,Which, in con-junction withother disci-plines such asmathematicsand physics,has constitutedthe theoreticalbasis for therapid develop-ment of con-temporary nat-ural sciences.
文摘Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.
文摘Protected horticulture makes use of related facilities, engineering technolo- gy and management technologies to create or improve local environment in order to provide optimal environment concerning controllable temperature, humidity, and light for farming and breeding industry, as well as product storage. Protected horticulture is independent to some extent, instead of relying greatly on nature, targeting full use of soil, climate and biological potential. The research concluded production characteristics of protected horticulture and analyzed the application of protected hor- ticulture intelligent monitoring system in protected greenhouse cultivation. In addition, the future development was proposed on protected horticulture intelligent monitoring system.
基金funded by the geological survey program of China Geology Survey(No.12120113078100)program of Chinese Academy of Engineering(The strategic research on the utilization of geothermal resources in China)
文摘As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock （HDR） reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential replacement of fossil fuels. However, HDR resources are difficult to develop and utilise. Technologies for use with HDR, such as high-temperature drilling, reservoir characterisation, reservoir fracturing, microseismic monitoring and high-temperature power stations, originate from the field of oil and drilling. Addressing how to take advantage of these developed technologies is a key factor in the development of HDR reserves. Based on the thermal crustal structure in China, HDR resources can be divided into four types： high radioactive heat production, sedimentary basin, modern volcano and the inner-plate active tectonic belt. The prospective regions of HDR resources are located in South Tibet, West Yunnan, the southeast coast of China, Bohai Rim, Songliao Basin and Guanzhong Basin. The related essential technologies are relatively mature, and the prospect of HDR power generation is promising. Therefore, analysing the formation mechanisms of HDR resources and promoting the transformation of technological achievements, large-scale development and the utilisation of HDR resources can be achieved in China.
基金Major Special Items of National Oil and Gas(No.:2011ZX05018-001)National Key Basic Research&Development Plan(Plan 973)project(No.:2013CB228001).
文摘In the past five years,shale gas exploration and development has grown in a leaping-forward way in China.Following USA and Canada,China is now the third country where industrial shale gas production is realized,with the cumulative production exceeding 60×10^(8) m^(3) until the end of 2015.In this paper,the main achievements of shale gas exploration and development in China in recent years were reviewed and the future development prospect was analyzed.It is pointed out that shale gas exploration and development in China is,on the whole,still at its early stage.Especially,marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin has dominated the recent exploration and development.For the realization of shale gas scale development in China,one key point lies in the breakthrough and industrial production of transitional facies and continental facies shale gas.Lowemoderate yield of shale gas wells is the normal in China,so it is crucial to develop key exploration and development technologies.Especially,strictly controlling single well investment and significantly reducing cost are the important means to increase shale gas exploration and development benefits.And finally,suggestions were proposed in five aspects.First,continuously strengthen theoretical and technical re-searches,actively carry out appraisal on shale gas“sweet spots”,and gradually accumulate development basis.Second,stress on primary evaluation of exploration and development,highlight the effective implementation of shale gas resources,and control the rhythm of appraisal drilling and productivity construction.Third,highlight fine description and evaluation of shale gas reservoirs and increase the overall devel-opment level.Fourth,intensify the research on exploration and development technologies in order to stand out simple and practical technologies with low costs.And fifth,summarize the experiences in fast growth of shale gas exploration and development,highlight the demonstration and evaluation of key indicators,and try to achieve more breakthroughs and replacement in new areas,new domains and new strata.
基金Supported by Construction of Minor Cereals Industry Innovation Team of Shandong Agricultural Industry Research System(SDARS-16-01)High Level Talent Introduction and Youth Talent Training Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesAgricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02)
文摘Quinoa is the only single plant meeting the basic nutritional needs of the human body. It is the whole nutritious food with nutritional balance, wide adaptability, strong resistance and other characteristics. In this paper, the botanical characteristics and nutritional value of quinoa were systematically introduced, and the development of quinoa in China was reviewed. The problems of domestic quinoa industry, the shortage of germplasm resources, the lack of innovation and high-yielding cultivation techniques were analyzed. To provide theoretical references for quinoa planting and industrial development in China, the countermeasures to improve the investment of quinoa industry and promote the development of multi-form industry were put forward.
基金Project supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project"Development Demonstration Engineeing of Large Low-Permability Lithologic and Stratigraphic Oil and Gas Reservoirs in the Ordos Basin"(No.2016ZX05050)the PetoChina's Science and Technology Major Project,"Study on Production Stabilization and EOR Technologics of Changqing Gas Field"(No.2016E-0509).
文摘At present,natural gas accounts for a low proportion in China's primary energy consumption structure and is highly dependent on foreign sources.Changqing gas province of the Ordos Basin where PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company(referred to as Changqing Oilfield)is located is one of China's four major natural gas production bases.It bears the important responsibility for ensuring people's livelihood and promoting the healthy development of society economy.In recent years,Changqing Oilfield actively implements national instructive spirit on vigorously promoting domestic oil and gas exploration and development strength and formulates the secondary acceleration development strategies.Its annual natural gas production in 2020 reaches 448.5×10^(8) m^(3) and oil and gas equivalent exceeds 6000×10^(4) t,tamping its important position of“Western Daqing”in this industry.In order to further promote the continuous stable production and realize the goal of quality and efficiency improvement in Changqing gas province,this paper analyzes the situations and challenges of natural gas development in this gas province,prepares the development technological countermeasures and forecast the natural gas development prospect.And the following research results are obtained.First,the natural gas exploration and development in Changqing gas province is divided into four stages and the main technologies for the development of low-permeability carbonate gas reservoir,low-permeability sandstone gas reservoir and tight sandstone gas reservoir are formed.Second,the natural gas development in Changqing gas province faces six challenges,such as low reserve production degree,sharp decline of production rates and complex distribution of remaining undeveloped reserves of developed gas fields.And twenty-six development technological countermeasures are put forward correspondingly,such as well pattern thickening,extension and reserve increase,secondary production layer potential tapping and fine gas well management.Third,the development direction and goal of natural gas development in Changqing gas province is to pay equal attention to the stable production of old gas fields and the production increase of new areas and carry out conventional gas and unconventional gas research simultaneously.In conclusion,the annual natural gas production of Changqing gas province will maintain a sound momentum of steady growth and will exceed 500×10^(8) m^(3) at the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan and maintain at a stable level for a long term,which is conducive to the optimization of domestic energy consumption structure and realization of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.
