Tomato is one of the most essential vegetable crops worldwide,with the highest annual production rate of all agricultural staples(Kimura and Sinha,2008).Long-term domestication of tomatoes has led to the selection of ...Tomato is one of the most essential vegetable crops worldwide,with the highest annual production rate of all agricultural staples(Kimura and Sinha,2008).Long-term domestication of tomatoes has led to the selection of favorable agronomic traits that often come at the expense of stress resistance.To identify potential genetic targets for improved stress tolerance,whole-genome sequencing(WGS)has been applied to wild and cultivated accessions.展开更多
The paper presents the principles of a method, which in two simple stages makes possible to carry out the statically calculation of values of forces acting in the fiat static indeterminate trusses. In each stage, it i...The paper presents the principles of a method, which in two simple stages makes possible to carry out the statically calculation of values of forces acting in the fiat static indeterminate trusses. In each stage, it is considered the static determinate truss, scheme of which is obtained after remove the suitable number of members from the basic static indeterminate truss. The both intermediate statically determinate trusses are of the same clear span and they are loaded by forces of half values applied to the corresponding truss nodes. The method applies one of the typical procedures of calculation of the statically determinate trusses and then it is applied in an appropriate way the rule of superposition for obtaining the final values of forces acting in particular members of the basic truss. The values of forces calculated in this way are of a very close approximation to the force values determined in the special and complex ways being considered as the exact calculation methods. The proposed method can be useful mostly but not only for the initial structural design of such systems. The simplicity of the two-stage method justifies an assumption that it can be relatively easy and worthy to adjust to the requirements of the computer aided technology of statically calculation of the complex forms of trusses.展开更多
This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is t...This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is to set up a modified RDP test method to improve the current ASTM C1550 test method for FRC and fibre reinforced shotcrete （FRS） composite. By this test method, light small-diameter panels are applied and more crack information can be obtained by a new rotation angle measuring technique. It is shown that this modified test method can be used to effectively evaluate the crack opening resistance of FRC. The finite element analysis was then performed to clarify the crack propaga- tions and failure mode of FRC RDP panels. It helps establish a reasonable theoretical method to predict the structural response of RDP. combining with this modified testing technioue.展开更多
The paper considers new approaches to system analysis of natural phenomena in physics, chemistry and bi- ology. It lays the foundation of the homeostatic determinate systems theory that allows revealing the mecha- nis...The paper considers new approaches to system analysis of natural phenomena in physics, chemistry and bi- ology. It lays the foundation of the homeostatic determinate systems theory that allows revealing the mecha- nism by which the basic principle of natural science, determinism, is being realized. Evolution of the mate- rial world is represented as inevitable and continuous growth of orderliness (negentropy) based on transition from one type of determinate systems to another. Increasing negentropy is shown to be closely associated with continuous accumulation of information, which determines the natural diversity in physics, chemistry and biology.展开更多
Based on a model of two stress tensors possessing high fluidity, a statically determinate system of partial difference equations of equilibrium has been derived for use to particulate media...Based on a model of two stress tensors possessing high fluidity, a statically determinate system of partial difference equations of equilibrium has been derived for use to particulate media of such nature. Through non dimensionalization of independent and dependent variables, the system passes into that of partial differential equations. Although the statically determinate system of partial differential equations is non linear, yet the two dimensional one falls apart into three separate groups which can be solved easily one after another.展开更多
For the first time, a comparative analysis of the structure of the apical meristem and the node of the main shoot of two forms of the indeterminate kind Namangan-77 and the determinant line of Determinant-2 and Determ...For the first time, a comparative analysis of the structure of the apical meristem and the node of the main shoot of two forms of the indeterminate kind Namangan-77 and the determinant line of Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 of G. hirsutum in the kidney ding phase was carried out. In the apical meristem of the indeterminate form Namangan-77 is characterized by the recessive homozygous state of the mutant gene (inlinl) and the dominant homozygous, heterozygous state of the fruiting branch gene S-s: inlinlSS, inlinlSs, inlinlss—more pronounced vegetative, vegetative, with this, this form is predominated by the continuation of first-order shoots and the monopodial branching type with unlimited apical growth, accompanied by a uniform elongation of the internodes. In the apical meristem, in the forms of the determinant lines, Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 are characterized by the dominant homozygous state of the mutant gene (InlInl) and the recessive homozygous state of the allelic gene (ss)—InlInlss—there is a generative collateral kidney in the axillary leaf axial sinus, which is why these forms of the vegetative apex of the shoot when they transit to the reproductive state turn into a floral apical meristem and a sympodial branching type what happens through the development of inflorescences. Obviously, this is a consequence of a change in the phytohormonal status in the apical part of the stem as a result of the interaction of the mutant gene Inl and gene S. The node of the main stem in all forms was also studied, and a three-beam-three-lacuna type of structure was revealed, which is a fairly persistent characterizing feature of large taxa and can be used in their taxonomy.展开更多
Studies showed that exclusive breast feeding reduced infant morbidity and mortality. In low income countries such as Ethiopia where under-five mortality is very high, the role of exclusively breastfeeding could be eve...Studies showed that exclusive breast feeding reduced infant morbidity and mortality. In low income countries such as Ethiopia where under-five mortality is very high, the role of exclusively breastfeeding could be even more critical. However, studies assessing the place of exclusive breast freeing in the prevention of childhood illnesses in our area are scarce. The aim of the study was to identify determinant factors of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. An institution based case control study was conducted in Achefer District in July, 2012. The cases were 122 children of 7 - 24 months old who had repeated attack of diarrhoea or pneumonia over three months prior to the survey while controls were 122 children who visited well baby clinic for vaccination. Data were collected by using pre-tested and structured questionnaire, and analysed using SPSS version 16 for windows. Logistic regression was performed, and strength of associations was estimated using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. About 83% of the controls and only 12.3% of the cases were exclusively breast fed. Children who were exclusively breast fed were 83 times less likely to develop pneumonia or diarrhea than those who were not exclusively fed. Marital status, monthly income, prelacteal feeding, and late initiation of breast feeding were found to have statistically significant association with childhood diarrhea and pneumonia. This study brought local evidence that exclusive breast feeding had a protective effect against common childhood infectious diseases—pneumonia and diarrhoea—in the study area. Therefore, culture sensitive and plausible health education is recommended to strengthen exclusive breast feeding practices in order to decrease mortality and morbidity of infants and children from pneumonia and diarrhoea.展开更多
Acute liver failure(ALF)is a disorder with various etiologies.Although the causes leading to this disruptive condition are well documented in published ALF cohorts,there is significant concern among patients who exper...Acute liver failure(ALF)is a disorder with various etiologies.Although the causes leading to this disruptive condition are well documented in published ALF cohorts,there is significant concern among patients who experience ALF with indeterminate causes,an issue requiring thorough analysis.This review aimed to analyze cohort studies on ALF with a focus on unknown causes leading to classification as indeterminate ALF.The analysis revealed that,among 67 worldwide adult and pediatric ALF cohorts,indeterminate causes of ALF ranged from 2%to 100%,with an average of 30%.Among the 13 pediatric ALF cohorts,the corresponding range was 22%to 100%,with an average of 47%,while among the 55 adult ALF cohorts,the range was 2%to 78%,with an average of 26%.The percentage values were higher in pediatric cohorts due to the higher incidence of rare genetic causes compared to adult patients.Notably,higher rates of indeterminate causes were found in cohorts studied before the availability of diagnostic serologic screening parameters and polymerase chain reaction techniques for various hepatitis virus infections.Patients with indeterminate ALF may not have received a specific treatment that,if effective,could have helped prevent liver transplantation.It is concluded that,in future cases,all efforts must be undertaken to clearly establish the cause of severe liver injury,enabling effective therapy when available and helping reduce the risk of progression to ALF and the need for liver transplantation.展开更多
An image processing and deep learning method for identifying different types of rock images was proposed.Preprocessing,such as rock image acquisition,gray scaling,Gaussian blurring,and feature dimensionality reduction...An image processing and deep learning method for identifying different types of rock images was proposed.Preprocessing,such as rock image acquisition,gray scaling,Gaussian blurring,and feature dimensionality reduction,was conducted to extract useful feature information and recognize and classify rock images using Tensor Flow-based convolutional neural network(CNN)and Py Qt5.A rock image dataset was established and separated into workouts,confirmation sets,and test sets.The framework was subsequently compiled and trained.The categorization approach was evaluated using image data from the validation and test datasets,and key metrics,such as accuracy,precision,and recall,were analyzed.Finally,the classification model conducted a probabilistic analysis of the measured data to determine the equivalent lithological type for each image.The experimental results indicated that the method combining deep learning,Tensor Flow-based CNN,and Py Qt5 to recognize and classify rock images has an accuracy rate of up to 98.8%,and can be successfully utilized for rock image recognition.The system can be extended to geological exploration,mine engineering,and other rock and mineral resource development to more efficiently and accurately recognize rock samples.Moreover,it can match them with the intelligent support design system to effectively improve the reliability and economy of the support scheme.The system can serve as a reference for supporting the design of other mining and underground space projects.展开更多
Although inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) retains high sensitivity and has been intensively used for the measurement of ^(99)Tc, it usually suffers from tedious, expensive, and timeconsuming sample...Although inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) retains high sensitivity and has been intensively used for the measurement of ^(99)Tc, it usually suffers from tedious, expensive, and timeconsuming sample pretreatments due to the isobaric interferences from ^(99)Ru and ^(98)Mo^(1)H. Herein, capillary electrophoresis(CE) was applied as sample introduction system for the sensitive, and interferencefree determination of ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from RuO_(4)^(-), and MoO_(4)^(2-) by ICP-MS with a simple sample treatment. Compared to the conventional methods, the hyphenated CE-ICP-MS avoids the use of expensive separation resins and reduces the consumption of mineral acid, representing a simpler, more efficient and environmentally benign approach. Moreover, the proposed method exhibits higher accuracy compared with the mathematical correction method using the natural isotope ratio of ^(99)Ru and ^(101)Ru, and significantly reduces sample consumption and the amount of waste, thus remarkably alleviating the radioactive exposure to operators and the pressure of radioactive waste treatment. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of 25 μg/L and 0.06 μg/L were obtained for RuO_(4)^(-) and ReO_(4)^(-)(Tc was replaced by Re), respectively, with relative standard deviation(RSD) lower than 5%. In addition, efficient recoveries of RuO_(4)^(-),ReO_(4)^(-),and ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from simulated Hanford site groundwater were achieved. The method is expected to be a promising candidate for sensitive and accurate analysis of ^(99)Tc from contaminated environmental samples.展开更多
The reaction rate constant is a crucial kinetic parameter that governs the charge and discharge performance of batteries,particularly in high-rate and thick-electrode applications.However,conventional estimation or fi...The reaction rate constant is a crucial kinetic parameter that governs the charge and discharge performance of batteries,particularly in high-rate and thick-electrode applications.However,conventional estimation or fitting methods often overestimate the charge transfer overpotential,leading to substantial errors in reaction rate constant measurements.These inaccuracies hinder the accurate prediction of voltage profiles and overall cell performance.In this study,we propose the characteristic time-decomposed overpotential(CTDO)method,which employs a single-layer particle electrode(SLPE)structure to eliminate interference overpotentials.By leveraging the distribution of relaxation times(DRT),our method effectively isolates the characteristic time of the charge transfer process,enabling a more precise determination of the reaction rate constant.Simulation results indicate that our approach reduces measurement errors to below 2%,closely aligning with theoretical values.Furthermore,experimental validation demonstrates an 80% reduction in error compared to the conventional galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)method.Overall,this study provides a novel voltage-based approach for determining the reaction rate constant,enhancing the applicability of theoretical analysis in electrode structural design and facilitating rapid battery optimization.展开更多
The dynamics of phase separation in H–He binary systems within gas giants such as Jupiter and Saturn exhibit remarkable complexity, yet lack systematic investigation. Through large-scale machine-learning-accelerated ...The dynamics of phase separation in H–He binary systems within gas giants such as Jupiter and Saturn exhibit remarkable complexity, yet lack systematic investigation. Through large-scale machine-learning-accelerated molecular dynamics simulations spanning broad temperature-pressure-composition(2000–10000 K, 1–7 Mbar,pure H to pure He) regimes, we systematically determine self and mutual diffusion coefficients in H–He systems and establish a six-dimensional framework correlating temperature, pressure, helium abundance, phase separation degree, diffusion coefficients, and anisotropy. Key findings reveal that hydrogen exhibits active directional migration with pronounced diffusion anisotropy, whereas helium passively aggregates in response. While the conventional mixing rule underestimates mutual diffusion coefficients by neglecting velocity cross-correlations,the assumption of an ideal thermodynamic factor(Q = 1) overestimates them due to unaccounted non-ideal thermodynamic effects—both particularly pronounced in strongly phase-separated regimes. Notably, hydrogen's dual role, anisotropic diffusion and bond stabilization via helium doping, modulates demixing kinetics. Large-scale simulations(216,000 atoms) propose novel phase-separation paradigms, such as “hydrogen bubble/wisp” formation, challenging the classical “helium rain” scenario, striving to bridge atomic-scale dynamics to planetary-scale phase evolution.展开更多
The Internet of Things(IoT)has orchestrated various domains in numerous applications,contributing significantly to the growth of the smart world,even in regions with low literacy rates,boosting socio-economic developm...The Internet of Things(IoT)has orchestrated various domains in numerous applications,contributing significantly to the growth of the smart world,even in regions with low literacy rates,boosting socio-economic development.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing wireless communication,paving the way for a more connected and productive future in the mining industry.The IoT revolution is advancing across industries,but harsh geometric environments,including open-pit mines,pose unique challenges for reliable communication.The advent of IoT in the mining industry has significantly improved communication for critical operations through the use of Radio Frequency(RF)protocols such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi,GSM/GPRS,Narrow Band(NB)-IoT,SigFox,ZigBee,and Long Range Wireless Area Network(LoRaWAN).This study addresses the optimization of network implementations by comparing two leading free-spreading IoT-based RF protocols such as ZigBee and LoRaWAN.Intensive field tests are conducted in various opencast mines to investigate coverage potential and signal attenuation.ZigBee is tested in the Tadicherla open-cast coal mine in India.Similarly,LoRaWAN field tests are conducted at one of the associated cement companies(ACC)in the limestone mine in Bargarh,India,covering both Indoor-toOutdoor(I2O)and Outdoor-to-Outdoor(O2O)environments.A robust framework of path-loss models,referred to as Free space,Egli,Okumura-Hata,Cost231-Hata and Ericsson models,combined with key performance metrics,is employed to evaluate the patterns of signal attenuation.Extensive field testing and careful data analysis revealed that the Egli model is the most consistent path-loss model for the ZigBee protocol in an I2O environment,with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.907,balanced error metrics such as Normalized Root Mean Square Error(NRMSE)of 0.030,Mean Square Error(MSE)of 4.950,Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE)of 0.249 and Scatter Index(SI)of 2.723.In the O2O scenario,the Ericsson model showed superior performance,with the highest R^(2)value of 0.959,supported by strong correlation metrics:NRMSE of 0.026,MSE of 8.685,MAPE of 0.685,Mean Absolute Deviation(MAD)of 20.839 and SI of 2.194.For the LoRaWAN protocol,the Cost-231 model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.921 in the I2O scenario,complemented by the lowest metrics:NRMSE of 0.018,MSE of 1.324,MAPE of 0.217,MAD of 9.218 and SI of 1.238.In the O2O environment,the Okumura-Hata model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.978,indicating a strong fit with metrics NRMSE of 0.047,MSE of 27.807,MAPE of 27.494,MAD of 37.287 and SI of 3.927.This advancement in reliable communication networks promises to transform the opencast landscape into networked signal attenuation.These results support decision-making for mining needs and ensure reliable communications even in the face of formidable obstacles.展开更多
Objectives:This scoping review aims to methodically identify and analyse the determinants which influence maternal mortality and healthcare utilization in women of childbearing years in Nigeria.The review specifically...Objectives:This scoping review aims to methodically identify and analyse the determinants which influence maternal mortality and healthcare utilization in women of childbearing years in Nigeria.The review specifically addresses the difficulties faced in assessing medical care,and the ongoing initiatives to lower the maternal mortality ratio.Methods:Primary studies(published after year 2000)focused on maternal mortality,health determinants,and the utilization of maternal healthcare services in Nigeria were retrieved following a systematic search across multiple databases,including Scopus,PubMed,Google Scholar,and Web of Science.These were screened using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data from these studies were extracted and thematically analysed to identify common themes and trends.Results:A total of 21 publications were included in this review comprising 2 qualitative,17 quantitative,and2 mixed study designs.Major health determinants identified in these studies include hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,haemorrhage,and sepsis/septicaemia,contributing as much as 29%,24%,and 14.2%of maternal deaths respectively in over 10%of the reviewed studies.Similarly,social-economic determinants including poverty,maternal education,health system issues and culture significantly impacted the utilization of maternal healthcare services,inadvertently impacting maternal mortality.Despite various maternal health interventions such as the"Abiye"Safe Motherhood Initiative,the Integrated Maternal,Newborn,and Child Health Strategy and strengthening emergency obstetric care by governmental and non-governmental agencies,early childbearing,unemployment,large family sizes,and dependence on male spouses continued to result in suboptimal utilization of services and adverse maternal outcomes.Conclusion:This scoping review comprehensively integrated existing data from published studies to provide a detailed picture of maternal mortality,its health determinants,and factors influencing care utilization among women of childbearing age in Nigeria and approaches to reduce maternal mortality in the country and possibly in the West African sub-region.展开更多
AlphaPanda(AlphaFold2[1]inspired protein-specific antibody design in a diffusional manner)is an advanced algorithm for designing complementary determining regions(CDRs)of the antibody targeted the specific epitope,com...AlphaPanda(AlphaFold2[1]inspired protein-specific antibody design in a diffusional manner)is an advanced algorithm for designing complementary determining regions(CDRs)of the antibody targeted the specific epitope,combining transformer[2]models,3DCNN[3],and diffusion[4]generative models.展开更多
[Objectives]To establish an HPLC method for the quantitative determination of multiple phenolic acid components in Tetracera asiatica medicinal material,providing a basis for establishing its quality standards.[Method...[Objectives]To establish an HPLC method for the quantitative determination of multiple phenolic acid components in Tetracera asiatica medicinal material,providing a basis for establishing its quality standards.[Methods]An Inertsil ODS-C 18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)was used.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(10:90).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 274 nm.The column temperature was 25℃.The injection volume was 10μL.The content of three components,gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,and protocatechualdehyde,was determined in 13 batches of T.asiatica.[Results]Gallic acid showed good linearity within the range of 0.020-6.400μg/mL,protocatechuic acid within 0.201-6.432μg/mL,and protocatechualdehyde within 0.202-6.464μg/mL(r>0.9990).The average recovery rates ranged from 98.61%to 101.17%,with RSD s between 1.21%and 2.69%.[Conclusions]The quantitative determination method established in this study is simple and feasible,and can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of T.asiatica.展开更多
Fenton/Fenton-like reactions have gained popularity for their remarkable proficiency in decomposing organic pollutants,especially when enhanced by reductants addition for accel-erating the Fe2+regeneration.Nevertheles...Fenton/Fenton-like reactions have gained popularity for their remarkable proficiency in decomposing organic pollutants,especially when enhanced by reductants addition for accel-erating the Fe2+regeneration.Nevertheless,these works predominantly centered on the formation and utilization of hydroxyl radicals(•OH)in the process,neglecting the evolution of oxidant and reductant due to the difficulty in the simultaneous determination of these two components.By employing the quenching-iodometric method,we could simultaneously determine the concentrations of HSO_(3)-and peroxydisulfate(PDS).This method first employed an excess of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)to effectively quench HSO_(3)-,and then used the iodometric spectrophotometry to simultaneously determine the concentrations of PMS and PDS in the reaction system.Finally,through precise stoichiometric relationships,we could accurately calculate the concentration of HSO_(3)-.Based on this method,we achieved concentration measurements that,upon linear fitting,yielded a correlation coefficient(R^(2))surpassing 0.99,unequivocally affirming the method’s accuracy and trustworthiness.In this work,an innovation approach for determining the concentrations of HSO_(3)-(reductant)and PDS(oxidant)was explored.Additionally,the resilience of the method was verified across different pH levels and in the presence of diverse impurity ions.The results ensured precise concentration measure-ments in the real wastewater.This method was characterized by its simplicity,rapid analysis,and environmental friendliness,offering a newanalytical strategy for the determination of PDS and HSO_(3)-in environmental samples.The method enables more meticulous monitoring of chemical usage in water treatment,facilitating optimized dosing strategies and assessments of reductant-enhanced Fenton or Fenton-like system in water purification.展开更多
IN his video speech to the United Nations Climate Summit held in New York on September 24,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced China’s new Nationally Determined Contributions(NDC)—the efforts taken by each country...IN his video speech to the United Nations Climate Summit held in New York on September 24,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced China’s new Nationally Determined Contributions(NDC)—the efforts taken by each country to reduce their emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change.展开更多
In paleoseismic research,defining the age of an event is relatively straightforward,but pinpointing its magnitude with precision is challenging.This difficulty primarily arises because physical parameters,such as rupt...In paleoseismic research,defining the age of an event is relatively straightforward,but pinpointing its magnitude with precision is challenging.This difficulty primarily arises because physical parameters,such as rupture area and displacement,which are intimately linked to the seismic moment,are hard to derive from paleoseismic studies.Our preceding study identified two earthquake sites in Huoshan and Guzhen,Anhui Province.While we qualitatively described the timing of these occurrences and the characteristics of sand veins,dislocations,and earthquake-induced cracks,we did not provide quantitative estimates of their magnitude or seismogenic faults.Consequently,these findings were insufficient for assessing regional seismic risks or determining the potential magnitude of specific faults.This study employs two empirical relationships:one between the farthest distribution distance based on liquefaction from earthquake-induced events and magnitude,and the other concerning the intensityepicenter distance-magnitude relationship.Through these relationships,we analyze the sandy soil liquefaction and earthquake-induced cracks quantitatively.The analysis includes magnitude estimation and seismogenic fault evaluation for the sandy soil liquefaction and crack remnants of the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake,as well as the dislocation and crack remnants of the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake.The findings indicate that the Huoshan Daijiayuan site records two paleoseismic events.The first event transpired after 850 BC,and the second after 550 BC,with a gap of approximately 300 years between them;both had a seismic magnitude(M_(S))of around 6.0.The likely seismogenic fault for the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake is the Luoerling-Tudiling fault.Meanwhile,the paleoseismic site in Guzhen Gaixia documents two seismic events occurring during 2350-2050 BC,both with a seismic magnitude(MS)of approximately 6½.The Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone is likely the seismogenic fault associated with the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake site.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program(2021-02-08-00-12-F00792)Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC(3201101910).
文摘Tomato is one of the most essential vegetable crops worldwide,with the highest annual production rate of all agricultural staples(Kimura and Sinha,2008).Long-term domestication of tomatoes has led to the selection of favorable agronomic traits that often come at the expense of stress resistance.To identify potential genetic targets for improved stress tolerance,whole-genome sequencing(WGS)has been applied to wild and cultivated accessions.
文摘The paper presents the principles of a method, which in two simple stages makes possible to carry out the statically calculation of values of forces acting in the fiat static indeterminate trusses. In each stage, it is considered the static determinate truss, scheme of which is obtained after remove the suitable number of members from the basic static indeterminate truss. The both intermediate statically determinate trusses are of the same clear span and they are loaded by forces of half values applied to the corresponding truss nodes. The method applies one of the typical procedures of calculation of the statically determinate trusses and then it is applied in an appropriate way the rule of superposition for obtaining the final values of forces acting in particular members of the basic truss. The values of forces calculated in this way are of a very close approximation to the force values determined in the special and complex ways being considered as the exact calculation methods. The proposed method can be useful mostly but not only for the initial structural design of such systems. The simplicity of the two-stage method justifies an assumption that it can be relatively easy and worthy to adjust to the requirements of the computer aided technology of statically calculation of the complex forms of trusses.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50708084)Wuhan Chenguang Science and Technology Project for Young Experts (20035002016-30)
文摘This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is to set up a modified RDP test method to improve the current ASTM C1550 test method for FRC and fibre reinforced shotcrete （FRS） composite. By this test method, light small-diameter panels are applied and more crack information can be obtained by a new rotation angle measuring technique. It is shown that this modified test method can be used to effectively evaluate the crack opening resistance of FRC. The finite element analysis was then performed to clarify the crack propaga- tions and failure mode of FRC RDP panels. It helps establish a reasonable theoretical method to predict the structural response of RDP. combining with this modified testing technioue.
文摘The paper considers new approaches to system analysis of natural phenomena in physics, chemistry and bi- ology. It lays the foundation of the homeostatic determinate systems theory that allows revealing the mecha- nism by which the basic principle of natural science, determinism, is being realized. Evolution of the mate- rial world is represented as inevitable and continuous growth of orderliness (negentropy) based on transition from one type of determinate systems to another. Increasing negentropy is shown to be closely associated with continuous accumulation of information, which determines the natural diversity in physics, chemistry and biology.
文摘Based on a model of two stress tensors possessing high fluidity, a statically determinate system of partial difference equations of equilibrium has been derived for use to particulate media of such nature. Through non dimensionalization of independent and dependent variables, the system passes into that of partial differential equations. Although the statically determinate system of partial differential equations is non linear, yet the two dimensional one falls apart into three separate groups which can be solved easily one after another.
文摘For the first time, a comparative analysis of the structure of the apical meristem and the node of the main shoot of two forms of the indeterminate kind Namangan-77 and the determinant line of Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 of G. hirsutum in the kidney ding phase was carried out. In the apical meristem of the indeterminate form Namangan-77 is characterized by the recessive homozygous state of the mutant gene (inlinl) and the dominant homozygous, heterozygous state of the fruiting branch gene S-s: inlinlSS, inlinlSs, inlinlss—more pronounced vegetative, vegetative, with this, this form is predominated by the continuation of first-order shoots and the monopodial branching type with unlimited apical growth, accompanied by a uniform elongation of the internodes. In the apical meristem, in the forms of the determinant lines, Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 are characterized by the dominant homozygous state of the mutant gene (InlInl) and the recessive homozygous state of the allelic gene (ss)—InlInlss—there is a generative collateral kidney in the axillary leaf axial sinus, which is why these forms of the vegetative apex of the shoot when they transit to the reproductive state turn into a floral apical meristem and a sympodial branching type what happens through the development of inflorescences. Obviously, this is a consequence of a change in the phytohormonal status in the apical part of the stem as a result of the interaction of the mutant gene Inl and gene S. The node of the main stem in all forms was also studied, and a three-beam-three-lacuna type of structure was revealed, which is a fairly persistent characterizing feature of large taxa and can be used in their taxonomy.
文摘Studies showed that exclusive breast feeding reduced infant morbidity and mortality. In low income countries such as Ethiopia where under-five mortality is very high, the role of exclusively breastfeeding could be even more critical. However, studies assessing the place of exclusive breast freeing in the prevention of childhood illnesses in our area are scarce. The aim of the study was to identify determinant factors of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. An institution based case control study was conducted in Achefer District in July, 2012. The cases were 122 children of 7 - 24 months old who had repeated attack of diarrhoea or pneumonia over three months prior to the survey while controls were 122 children who visited well baby clinic for vaccination. Data were collected by using pre-tested and structured questionnaire, and analysed using SPSS version 16 for windows. Logistic regression was performed, and strength of associations was estimated using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. About 83% of the controls and only 12.3% of the cases were exclusively breast fed. Children who were exclusively breast fed were 83 times less likely to develop pneumonia or diarrhea than those who were not exclusively fed. Marital status, monthly income, prelacteal feeding, and late initiation of breast feeding were found to have statistically significant association with childhood diarrhea and pneumonia. This study brought local evidence that exclusive breast feeding had a protective effect against common childhood infectious diseases—pneumonia and diarrhoea—in the study area. Therefore, culture sensitive and plausible health education is recommended to strengthen exclusive breast feeding practices in order to decrease mortality and morbidity of infants and children from pneumonia and diarrhoea.
文摘Acute liver failure(ALF)is a disorder with various etiologies.Although the causes leading to this disruptive condition are well documented in published ALF cohorts,there is significant concern among patients who experience ALF with indeterminate causes,an issue requiring thorough analysis.This review aimed to analyze cohort studies on ALF with a focus on unknown causes leading to classification as indeterminate ALF.The analysis revealed that,among 67 worldwide adult and pediatric ALF cohorts,indeterminate causes of ALF ranged from 2%to 100%,with an average of 30%.Among the 13 pediatric ALF cohorts,the corresponding range was 22%to 100%,with an average of 47%,while among the 55 adult ALF cohorts,the range was 2%to 78%,with an average of 26%.The percentage values were higher in pediatric cohorts due to the higher incidence of rare genetic causes compared to adult patients.Notably,higher rates of indeterminate causes were found in cohorts studied before the availability of diagnostic serologic screening parameters and polymerase chain reaction techniques for various hepatitis virus infections.Patients with indeterminate ALF may not have received a specific treatment that,if effective,could have helped prevent liver transplantation.It is concluded that,in future cases,all efforts must be undertaken to clearly establish the cause of severe liver injury,enabling effective therapy when available and helping reduce the risk of progression to ALF and the need for liver transplantation.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project——Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration(No.2024ZD1003701)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2905004)。
文摘An image processing and deep learning method for identifying different types of rock images was proposed.Preprocessing,such as rock image acquisition,gray scaling,Gaussian blurring,and feature dimensionality reduction,was conducted to extract useful feature information and recognize and classify rock images using Tensor Flow-based convolutional neural network(CNN)and Py Qt5.A rock image dataset was established and separated into workouts,confirmation sets,and test sets.The framework was subsequently compiled and trained.The categorization approach was evaluated using image data from the validation and test datasets,and key metrics,such as accuracy,precision,and recall,were analyzed.Finally,the classification model conducted a probabilistic analysis of the measured data to determine the equivalent lithological type for each image.The experimental results indicated that the method combining deep learning,Tensor Flow-based CNN,and Py Qt5 to recognize and classify rock images has an accuracy rate of up to 98.8%,and can be successfully utilized for rock image recognition.The system can be extended to geological exploration,mine engineering,and other rock and mineral resource development to more efficiently and accurately recognize rock samples.Moreover,it can match them with the intelligent support design system to effectively improve the reliability and economy of the support scheme.The system can serve as a reference for supporting the design of other mining and underground space projects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1867205, 21622508, and 21575092)Study on Physical/Chemical Characteristics Related to the Migration of Key Nuclides under Simulated Disposal Conditions (Phase Ⅱ) (Contract No. KGES 2019(170), dated February 21, 2019.) for financial support。
文摘Although inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) retains high sensitivity and has been intensively used for the measurement of ^(99)Tc, it usually suffers from tedious, expensive, and timeconsuming sample pretreatments due to the isobaric interferences from ^(99)Ru and ^(98)Mo^(1)H. Herein, capillary electrophoresis(CE) was applied as sample introduction system for the sensitive, and interferencefree determination of ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from RuO_(4)^(-), and MoO_(4)^(2-) by ICP-MS with a simple sample treatment. Compared to the conventional methods, the hyphenated CE-ICP-MS avoids the use of expensive separation resins and reduces the consumption of mineral acid, representing a simpler, more efficient and environmentally benign approach. Moreover, the proposed method exhibits higher accuracy compared with the mathematical correction method using the natural isotope ratio of ^(99)Ru and ^(101)Ru, and significantly reduces sample consumption and the amount of waste, thus remarkably alleviating the radioactive exposure to operators and the pressure of radioactive waste treatment. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of 25 μg/L and 0.06 μg/L were obtained for RuO_(4)^(-) and ReO_(4)^(-)(Tc was replaced by Re), respectively, with relative standard deviation(RSD) lower than 5%. In addition, efficient recoveries of RuO_(4)^(-),ReO_(4)^(-),and ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from simulated Hanford site groundwater were achieved. The method is expected to be a promising candidate for sensitive and accurate analysis of ^(99)Tc from contaminated environmental samples.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFB2404300the National Natural Science Foundation of China U22B2069the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2024M761006。
文摘The reaction rate constant is a crucial kinetic parameter that governs the charge and discharge performance of batteries,particularly in high-rate and thick-electrode applications.However,conventional estimation or fitting methods often overestimate the charge transfer overpotential,leading to substantial errors in reaction rate constant measurements.These inaccuracies hinder the accurate prediction of voltage profiles and overall cell performance.In this study,we propose the characteristic time-decomposed overpotential(CTDO)method,which employs a single-layer particle electrode(SLPE)structure to eliminate interference overpotentials.By leveraging the distribution of relaxation times(DRT),our method effectively isolates the characteristic time of the charge transfer process,enabling a more precise determination of the reaction rate constant.Simulation results indicate that our approach reduces measurement errors to below 2%,closely aligning with theoretical values.Furthermore,experimental validation demonstrates an 80% reduction in error compared to the conventional galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)method.Overall,this study provides a novel voltage-based approach for determining the reaction rate constant,enhancing the applicability of theoretical analysis in electrode structural design and facilitating rapid battery optimization.
基金supported by the National University of Defense Technology Research Fund Projectthe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 12047561 and 12104507+1 种基金the NSAF under Grant No. U1830206the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province under Grant No. 2021RC4026。
文摘The dynamics of phase separation in H–He binary systems within gas giants such as Jupiter and Saturn exhibit remarkable complexity, yet lack systematic investigation. Through large-scale machine-learning-accelerated molecular dynamics simulations spanning broad temperature-pressure-composition(2000–10000 K, 1–7 Mbar,pure H to pure He) regimes, we systematically determine self and mutual diffusion coefficients in H–He systems and establish a six-dimensional framework correlating temperature, pressure, helium abundance, phase separation degree, diffusion coefficients, and anisotropy. Key findings reveal that hydrogen exhibits active directional migration with pronounced diffusion anisotropy, whereas helium passively aggregates in response. While the conventional mixing rule underestimates mutual diffusion coefficients by neglecting velocity cross-correlations,the assumption of an ideal thermodynamic factor(Q = 1) overestimates them due to unaccounted non-ideal thermodynamic effects—both particularly pronounced in strongly phase-separated regimes. Notably, hydrogen's dual role, anisotropic diffusion and bond stabilization via helium doping, modulates demixing kinetics. Large-scale simulations(216,000 atoms) propose novel phase-separation paradigms, such as “hydrogen bubble/wisp” formation, challenging the classical “helium rain” scenario, striving to bridge atomic-scale dynamics to planetary-scale phase evolution.
文摘The Internet of Things(IoT)has orchestrated various domains in numerous applications,contributing significantly to the growth of the smart world,even in regions with low literacy rates,boosting socio-economic development.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing wireless communication,paving the way for a more connected and productive future in the mining industry.The IoT revolution is advancing across industries,but harsh geometric environments,including open-pit mines,pose unique challenges for reliable communication.The advent of IoT in the mining industry has significantly improved communication for critical operations through the use of Radio Frequency(RF)protocols such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi,GSM/GPRS,Narrow Band(NB)-IoT,SigFox,ZigBee,and Long Range Wireless Area Network(LoRaWAN).This study addresses the optimization of network implementations by comparing two leading free-spreading IoT-based RF protocols such as ZigBee and LoRaWAN.Intensive field tests are conducted in various opencast mines to investigate coverage potential and signal attenuation.ZigBee is tested in the Tadicherla open-cast coal mine in India.Similarly,LoRaWAN field tests are conducted at one of the associated cement companies(ACC)in the limestone mine in Bargarh,India,covering both Indoor-toOutdoor(I2O)and Outdoor-to-Outdoor(O2O)environments.A robust framework of path-loss models,referred to as Free space,Egli,Okumura-Hata,Cost231-Hata and Ericsson models,combined with key performance metrics,is employed to evaluate the patterns of signal attenuation.Extensive field testing and careful data analysis revealed that the Egli model is the most consistent path-loss model for the ZigBee protocol in an I2O environment,with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.907,balanced error metrics such as Normalized Root Mean Square Error(NRMSE)of 0.030,Mean Square Error(MSE)of 4.950,Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE)of 0.249 and Scatter Index(SI)of 2.723.In the O2O scenario,the Ericsson model showed superior performance,with the highest R^(2)value of 0.959,supported by strong correlation metrics:NRMSE of 0.026,MSE of 8.685,MAPE of 0.685,Mean Absolute Deviation(MAD)of 20.839 and SI of 2.194.For the LoRaWAN protocol,the Cost-231 model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.921 in the I2O scenario,complemented by the lowest metrics:NRMSE of 0.018,MSE of 1.324,MAPE of 0.217,MAD of 9.218 and SI of 1.238.In the O2O environment,the Okumura-Hata model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.978,indicating a strong fit with metrics NRMSE of 0.047,MSE of 27.807,MAPE of 27.494,MAD of 37.287 and SI of 3.927.This advancement in reliable communication networks promises to transform the opencast landscape into networked signal attenuation.These results support decision-making for mining needs and ensure reliable communications even in the face of formidable obstacles.
文摘Objectives:This scoping review aims to methodically identify and analyse the determinants which influence maternal mortality and healthcare utilization in women of childbearing years in Nigeria.The review specifically addresses the difficulties faced in assessing medical care,and the ongoing initiatives to lower the maternal mortality ratio.Methods:Primary studies(published after year 2000)focused on maternal mortality,health determinants,and the utilization of maternal healthcare services in Nigeria were retrieved following a systematic search across multiple databases,including Scopus,PubMed,Google Scholar,and Web of Science.These were screened using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data from these studies were extracted and thematically analysed to identify common themes and trends.Results:A total of 21 publications were included in this review comprising 2 qualitative,17 quantitative,and2 mixed study designs.Major health determinants identified in these studies include hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,haemorrhage,and sepsis/septicaemia,contributing as much as 29%,24%,and 14.2%of maternal deaths respectively in over 10%of the reviewed studies.Similarly,social-economic determinants including poverty,maternal education,health system issues and culture significantly impacted the utilization of maternal healthcare services,inadvertently impacting maternal mortality.Despite various maternal health interventions such as the"Abiye"Safe Motherhood Initiative,the Integrated Maternal,Newborn,and Child Health Strategy and strengthening emergency obstetric care by governmental and non-governmental agencies,early childbearing,unemployment,large family sizes,and dependence on male spouses continued to result in suboptimal utilization of services and adverse maternal outcomes.Conclusion:This scoping review comprehensively integrated existing data from published studies to provide a detailed picture of maternal mortality,its health determinants,and factors influencing care utilization among women of childbearing age in Nigeria and approaches to reduce maternal mortality in the country and possibly in the West African sub-region.
基金supported by the Key Project of International Cooperation of Qilu University of Technology(Grant No.:QLUTGJHZ2018008)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Committee,China(Grant No.:ZR2016HB54)Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering(SME).
文摘AlphaPanda(AlphaFold2[1]inspired protein-specific antibody design in a diffusional manner)is an advanced algorithm for designing complementary determining regions(CDRs)of the antibody targeted the specific epitope,combining transformer[2]models,3DCNN[3],and diffusion[4]generative models.
基金Supported by Regional Science Foundation of China,National Natural Science Foundation(No.82160820)General Program of Guizhou Provincial Natural Science Foundation[QianKeHe Foundation-ZK(2023)General153].
文摘[Objectives]To establish an HPLC method for the quantitative determination of multiple phenolic acid components in Tetracera asiatica medicinal material,providing a basis for establishing its quality standards.[Methods]An Inertsil ODS-C 18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)was used.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(10:90).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 274 nm.The column temperature was 25℃.The injection volume was 10μL.The content of three components,gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,and protocatechualdehyde,was determined in 13 batches of T.asiatica.[Results]Gallic acid showed good linearity within the range of 0.020-6.400μg/mL,protocatechuic acid within 0.201-6.432μg/mL,and protocatechualdehyde within 0.202-6.464μg/mL(r>0.9990).The average recovery rates ranged from 98.61%to 101.17%,with RSD s between 1.21%and 2.69%.[Conclusions]The quantitative determination method established in this study is simple and feasible,and can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of T.asiatica.
基金supported by National Natural Scienc Foundation of China(No.52400097)the Nanqiang Young Talents Supporting Program from Xiamen University.
文摘Fenton/Fenton-like reactions have gained popularity for their remarkable proficiency in decomposing organic pollutants,especially when enhanced by reductants addition for accel-erating the Fe2+regeneration.Nevertheless,these works predominantly centered on the formation and utilization of hydroxyl radicals(•OH)in the process,neglecting the evolution of oxidant and reductant due to the difficulty in the simultaneous determination of these two components.By employing the quenching-iodometric method,we could simultaneously determine the concentrations of HSO_(3)-and peroxydisulfate(PDS).This method first employed an excess of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)to effectively quench HSO_(3)-,and then used the iodometric spectrophotometry to simultaneously determine the concentrations of PMS and PDS in the reaction system.Finally,through precise stoichiometric relationships,we could accurately calculate the concentration of HSO_(3)-.Based on this method,we achieved concentration measurements that,upon linear fitting,yielded a correlation coefficient(R^(2))surpassing 0.99,unequivocally affirming the method’s accuracy and trustworthiness.In this work,an innovation approach for determining the concentrations of HSO_(3)-(reductant)and PDS(oxidant)was explored.Additionally,the resilience of the method was verified across different pH levels and in the presence of diverse impurity ions.The results ensured precise concentration measure-ments in the real wastewater.This method was characterized by its simplicity,rapid analysis,and environmental friendliness,offering a newanalytical strategy for the determination of PDS and HSO_(3)-in environmental samples.The method enables more meticulous monitoring of chemical usage in water treatment,facilitating optimized dosing strategies and assessments of reductant-enhanced Fenton or Fenton-like system in water purification.
文摘IN his video speech to the United Nations Climate Summit held in New York on September 24,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced China’s new Nationally Determined Contributions(NDC)—the efforts taken by each country to reduce their emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change.
基金supported by the Spark Program of Earthquake Sciences(No.XH23020YA)Joint Open Fund of Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory(No.MEMGO-202411)Hefei government special technology research project(2024BFFFD02048).
文摘In paleoseismic research,defining the age of an event is relatively straightforward,but pinpointing its magnitude with precision is challenging.This difficulty primarily arises because physical parameters,such as rupture area and displacement,which are intimately linked to the seismic moment,are hard to derive from paleoseismic studies.Our preceding study identified two earthquake sites in Huoshan and Guzhen,Anhui Province.While we qualitatively described the timing of these occurrences and the characteristics of sand veins,dislocations,and earthquake-induced cracks,we did not provide quantitative estimates of their magnitude or seismogenic faults.Consequently,these findings were insufficient for assessing regional seismic risks or determining the potential magnitude of specific faults.This study employs two empirical relationships:one between the farthest distribution distance based on liquefaction from earthquake-induced events and magnitude,and the other concerning the intensityepicenter distance-magnitude relationship.Through these relationships,we analyze the sandy soil liquefaction and earthquake-induced cracks quantitatively.The analysis includes magnitude estimation and seismogenic fault evaluation for the sandy soil liquefaction and crack remnants of the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake,as well as the dislocation and crack remnants of the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake.The findings indicate that the Huoshan Daijiayuan site records two paleoseismic events.The first event transpired after 850 BC,and the second after 550 BC,with a gap of approximately 300 years between them;both had a seismic magnitude(M_(S))of around 6.0.The likely seismogenic fault for the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake is the Luoerling-Tudiling fault.Meanwhile,the paleoseismic site in Guzhen Gaixia documents two seismic events occurring during 2350-2050 BC,both with a seismic magnitude(MS)of approximately 6½.The Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone is likely the seismogenic fault associated with the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake site.
