Cytoskeletal remodeling affects the shape,adhesion,and motility of cells.Cytoskeletal dynamics are modulated by matrix proteins,integrins,and several cytokines in the tumor microenvironment.In this scenario,signaling ...Cytoskeletal remodeling affects the shape,adhesion,and motility of cells.Cytoskeletal dynamics are modulated by matrix proteins,integrins,and several cytokines in the tumor microenvironment.In this scenario,signaling is activated by integrins and interferons,which can induce ISG15 gene expression.This gene encodes a ubiquitin-like protein that functions as a protein modifier via the ISGylation system.Furthermore,non-conjugated ISG15 acts as a cytokine-like protein.In this viewpoint,the interplay between free ISG15,protein ISGylation,and cytoskeletal dynamics in the tumor microenvironment is discussed.展开更多
To investigate the relation between acupuncture stimulation and cellular immunity and the relation between the expression of cfosmRNA and ppENKmRNA or MEKIR and DynIR, the effect of acupuncture on the circulating lymp...To investigate the relation between acupuncture stimulation and cellular immunity and the relation between the expression of cfosmRNA and ppENKmRNA or MEKIR and DynIR, the effect of acupuncture on the circulating lymphocyte cfosmRNA, ppENKmRNA, MEKIR and DynIR was studied. 20 BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: a) acupuncture group, treated with 5 Hz electroacupuncture(EA); b) control group, treated with restraint but no EA. The mouse pain threshold was detected by K+ ionophoresis before and after EA or restraining. The mouse lymphocyte cfosmRNA and ppENKmRNA were demonstrated by in situ hybridization and RNA dot blot. The mouse lymphocyte MEKIR and DynIR were detected by immunohistochemistry and protein dot blot. The dot blot signals were scanned for statistical analysis. The results showed that all the signals offosmRNA, ppENKmRNA, MEKIR and DynIR were localized in the lymphocyte cytoplasma and stronger in the acupuncture group than that in the control group(P<0.05). All of the signals were positively correlated with the analgesic effect in the EA group(P<0.05-0.01). Besides, there was a positive correlation on alteration between cfosmRNA and ppENKmRNA or between cfosmRNA and DynIR(P<0.05), suggesting that cFos may be involved in ppE or ppD gene transcription in the mouse lymphocyte.展开更多
【Title】There are knowledge gaps in our understanding of vegetation responses to multi-scale climate-related variables in tropical/subtropical mountainous islands in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, this study inv...【Title】There are knowledge gaps in our understanding of vegetation responses to multi-scale climate-related variables in tropical/subtropical mountainous islands in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, this study investigated inter-annual vegetation dynamics and regular/irregular climate patterns in Taiwan. We applied principal component analysis （PCA） on 11 years （2001~2011） of high-dimensional monthly photosynthetically active vegetation cover （PV） derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） and investigated the relationships between spatiotemporal patterns of the eigenvectors and loadings of each component through time and multi-scale climate-related variations. Results showed that the first five components contributed to 96.4% of the total variance. The first component （PC1, explaining 94.5% of variance） loadings, as expected, were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV （r = 0.94）, which was mainly governed by regional climate. The temporal loadings of PC2 and PC3 （0.8% and 0.6% of variance, respectively） were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV of forests （r = 0.72） and the farmlands （r = 0.80）, respectively. The low-order components （PC4 and PC5, 0.3% and 0.2% of variance, respectively） were closely related to the occurrence of drought （r = 0.49） and to irregular ENSO associated climate anomalies （r = -0.54）, respectively. Pronounced correlations were also observed between PC5 and the Southern Oscillation Index （SOI） with one to three months of time lags （r = -0.35 ~ -0.43, respectively）, revealing biophysical memory effects on the time-series pattern of the vegetation through ENSO-related rainfall patterns. Our findings reveal that the sensitivity of the ecosystems in this tropical/subtropical mountainous island may not only be regulated by regional climate and human activities but also be susceptible to large-scale climate anomalies which are crucial and comparable to previous large scale analyses. This study demonstrates that PCA can be an effective tool for analyzing seasonal and inter-annual variability of vegetation dynamics across this tropical/subtropical mountainous islandin the Pacific Ocean, which provides an opportunity to forecast the responses and feedbacks of terrestrial environments to future climate scenarios.展开更多
A tetrahedral polyelectrolyte brush in the presence of trivalent counterions is researched under the condition of good solution by mea ns of molecular dynamics simulati ons.Grafting density and charge fraction are var...A tetrahedral polyelectrolyte brush in the presence of trivalent counterions is researched under the condition of good solution by mea ns of molecular dynamics simulati ons.Grafting density and charge fraction are varied to gen erate a series of surface patter ns.Lateral microphase separation happens and various interesting pinned patches appear at appropriate charge fraction and grafting density.Through a careful analysis on the brush thickness,the pair correlation functions,the distributions of net charge,and the four states of trivalent counterions in the brush,we find that the ordered surface patterns and special properties are induced by the pure electrostatic correlation effect of trivalent ions even in the good solvent.Furthermore,the dependences of electrostatic correlation on the charge fraction of tethered chains are evaluated for fixed grafting den sity.Also,our results can serve as a guide for precise control over the stimuli-responsive materials rational and self-assembly of nanoparticles.展开更多
Dyn11型变压器因其对3N(N为整数)次谐波电流的有效抑制,以及承受单相不平衡负荷能力突出,而被广泛应用于10/0.4 k V变电站。在实际中,由于低压负荷分配不均且波动较大,使得高压侧某一相或两相电流过流,导致其熔断器熔丝断裂,或由于外界...Dyn11型变压器因其对3N(N为整数)次谐波电流的有效抑制,以及承受单相不平衡负荷能力突出,而被广泛应用于10/0.4 k V变电站。在实际中,由于低压负荷分配不均且波动较大,使得高压侧某一相或两相电流过流,导致其熔断器熔丝断裂,或由于外界原因,使得高压侧相线断裂。其中两相断线时低压侧电压会全部消失,而一相断线时,低压侧电压会出现畸形变化。通过分析Dyn11型变压器高压侧一相断线时变压器内部电磁过程的变化及其对低压侧电压的影响,得出电压变化规律,可以为以后故障判断提供参考依据。展开更多
基金This research was supported by the School of Science and Technology(CCyT-2021-5)from the Autonomous University of Mexico City(UACM).
文摘Cytoskeletal remodeling affects the shape,adhesion,and motility of cells.Cytoskeletal dynamics are modulated by matrix proteins,integrins,and several cytokines in the tumor microenvironment.In this scenario,signaling is activated by integrins and interferons,which can induce ISG15 gene expression.This gene encodes a ubiquitin-like protein that functions as a protein modifier via the ISGylation system.Furthermore,non-conjugated ISG15 acts as a cytokine-like protein.In this viewpoint,the interplay between free ISG15,protein ISGylation,and cytoskeletal dynamics in the tumor microenvironment is discussed.
文摘To investigate the relation between acupuncture stimulation and cellular immunity and the relation between the expression of cfosmRNA and ppENKmRNA or MEKIR and DynIR, the effect of acupuncture on the circulating lymphocyte cfosmRNA, ppENKmRNA, MEKIR and DynIR was studied. 20 BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: a) acupuncture group, treated with 5 Hz electroacupuncture(EA); b) control group, treated with restraint but no EA. The mouse pain threshold was detected by K+ ionophoresis before and after EA or restraining. The mouse lymphocyte cfosmRNA and ppENKmRNA were demonstrated by in situ hybridization and RNA dot blot. The mouse lymphocyte MEKIR and DynIR were detected by immunohistochemistry and protein dot blot. The dot blot signals were scanned for statistical analysis. The results showed that all the signals offosmRNA, ppENKmRNA, MEKIR and DynIR were localized in the lymphocyte cytoplasma and stronger in the acupuncture group than that in the control group(P<0.05). All of the signals were positively correlated with the analgesic effect in the EA group(P<0.05-0.01). Besides, there was a positive correlation on alteration between cfosmRNA and ppENKmRNA or between cfosmRNA and DynIR(P<0.05), suggesting that cFos may be involved in ppE or ppD gene transcription in the mouse lymphocyte.
基金sponsored by the grants of the National Science Council of Taiwan(NSC 98-2221E-002-198-,NSC 98-2313-B-002-062-MY2,NSC 100-2621-B-002-001-MY3)National Taiwan University(EcoNTU:NTU-CESRP-102R7604-2)
文摘【Title】There are knowledge gaps in our understanding of vegetation responses to multi-scale climate-related variables in tropical/subtropical mountainous islands in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, this study investigated inter-annual vegetation dynamics and regular/irregular climate patterns in Taiwan. We applied principal component analysis （PCA） on 11 years （2001~2011） of high-dimensional monthly photosynthetically active vegetation cover （PV） derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） and investigated the relationships between spatiotemporal patterns of the eigenvectors and loadings of each component through time and multi-scale climate-related variations. Results showed that the first five components contributed to 96.4% of the total variance. The first component （PC1, explaining 94.5% of variance） loadings, as expected, were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV （r = 0.94）, which was mainly governed by regional climate. The temporal loadings of PC2 and PC3 （0.8% and 0.6% of variance, respectively） were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV of forests （r = 0.72） and the farmlands （r = 0.80）, respectively. The low-order components （PC4 and PC5, 0.3% and 0.2% of variance, respectively） were closely related to the occurrence of drought （r = 0.49） and to irregular ENSO associated climate anomalies （r = -0.54）, respectively. Pronounced correlations were also observed between PC5 and the Southern Oscillation Index （SOI） with one to three months of time lags （r = -0.35 ~ -0.43, respectively）, revealing biophysical memory effects on the time-series pattern of the vegetation through ENSO-related rainfall patterns. Our findings reveal that the sensitivity of the ecosystems in this tropical/subtropical mountainous island may not only be regulated by regional climate and human activities but also be susceptible to large-scale climate anomalies which are crucial and comparable to previous large scale analyses. This study demonstrates that PCA can be an effective tool for analyzing seasonal and inter-annual variability of vegetation dynamics across this tropical/subtropical mountainous islandin the Pacific Ocean, which provides an opportunity to forecast the responses and feedbacks of terrestrial environments to future climate scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21474005 and 21674005)the Fun dame ntal Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.3122018L007)and Quality Course Construction.
文摘A tetrahedral polyelectrolyte brush in the presence of trivalent counterions is researched under the condition of good solution by mea ns of molecular dynamics simulati ons.Grafting density and charge fraction are varied to gen erate a series of surface patter ns.Lateral microphase separation happens and various interesting pinned patches appear at appropriate charge fraction and grafting density.Through a careful analysis on the brush thickness,the pair correlation functions,the distributions of net charge,and the four states of trivalent counterions in the brush,we find that the ordered surface patterns and special properties are induced by the pure electrostatic correlation effect of trivalent ions even in the good solvent.Furthermore,the dependences of electrostatic correlation on the charge fraction of tethered chains are evaluated for fixed grafting den sity.Also,our results can serve as a guide for precise control over the stimuli-responsive materials rational and self-assembly of nanoparticles.
文摘Dyn11型变压器因其对3N(N为整数)次谐波电流的有效抑制,以及承受单相不平衡负荷能力突出,而被广泛应用于10/0.4 k V变电站。在实际中,由于低压负荷分配不均且波动较大,使得高压侧某一相或两相电流过流,导致其熔断器熔丝断裂,或由于外界原因,使得高压侧相线断裂。其中两相断线时低压侧电压会全部消失,而一相断线时,低压侧电压会出现畸形变化。通过分析Dyn11型变压器高压侧一相断线时变压器内部电磁过程的变化及其对低压侧电压的影响,得出电压变化规律,可以为以后故障判断提供参考依据。
