Background Pain sensitivity is critical for preventing non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviours;however,individuals engaging in such behaviours often exhibit decreased pain sensitivity,which may undermine this natural...Background Pain sensitivity is critical for preventing non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviours;however,individuals engaging in such behaviours often exhibit decreased pain sensitivity,which may undermine this natural safeguard.The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)is a key region involved in pain regulation,and recent approaches using transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)to target the DLPFC have shown potential for modulating pain processing and restoring normal pain perception for individuals engaging in NSSI behaviours.Aims This study aimed to explore the immediate and short-term effects of a single session of tDCS on pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI,as well as its secondary effects on mood and NSSI-related factors.Methods In this randomised,double-blind,parallel,sham-controlled clinical trial,participants with a history of NSSI were randomly assigned to receive either active or sham tDCS.The intervention consisted of a single 20 min tDCS session targeting the left DLPFC.The primary outcome was pain sensitivity,measured by the pressure pain threshold(PPT)and heat pain score(HPS).Secondary and additional outcomes included NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI,mood-related variables and exploratory cognitive-affective processes such as rumination,self-criticism and self-perceived pain sensitivity,assessed at baseline,immediately post-intervention,and at 24 hours,1 week and 2 weeks follow-ups.Results For the primary outcomes,no significant differences between groups were observed for pain sensitivity(PPT,padj=0.812;HPS,padj=0.608).However,an exploratory sensitivity analysis treating each trial as an individual observation revealed a significant effect on HPS(padj=0.036).For the secondary and additional outcomes,although there were initial improvements in joyful feelings and reductions in negative affect at 2 weeks post-intervention,these effects did not remain significant after multiple comparison corrections.Notably,reductions in rumination were statistically significant at both 1-week and 2-week follow-ups(1 week,p_(adj)=0.040;2 weeks,p_(adj)=0.042).There were no significant effects on NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI or self-criticism.Conclusions A single session of tDCS over the left DLPFC did not produce significant changes in pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI.A sensitivity analysis indicated an effect on heat pain sensitivity,possibly reflecting changes in brain activity,warranting confirmation through neuroimaging.These findings suggest that tDCS warrants further investigation for its potential to influence pain-related cognitive-affective processes in individuals with NSSI.展开更多
物质依赖是一种慢性、复发性脑部疾病,给个体及社会带来极大损害。研究发现,经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)可以通过调节背外侧前额叶(dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,DLPFC)脑区的兴奋性降低物质依赖...物质依赖是一种慢性、复发性脑部疾病,给个体及社会带来极大损害。研究发现,经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)可以通过调节背外侧前额叶(dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,DLPFC)脑区的兴奋性降低物质依赖者的渴求,并改善受损的认知功能。tDCS具有副作用小、操作简便、费用低廉等优点,因此在物质依赖治疗领域应用前景广泛。未来应考虑确定最佳的刺激参数及刺激位置,同时考虑物质依赖者的种类及个体差异,与其他疗法结合使用,并进一步深入探索tDCS治疗物质依赖的神经机制。展开更多
In the presented short clinical case of depression, the constructs of Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) of loss (negative valence systems) and cognitive control (cognitive systems) have been operationalized. It has been...In the presented short clinical case of depression, the constructs of Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) of loss (negative valence systems) and cognitive control (cognitive systems) have been operationalized. It has been concluded that a normal cognitive control of emotion, requiring the functional and structural integrity of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), is lacking in depression, but its amelioration can be achieved through the implementation of cognitive remediation/rehabilitation programs. A mini-review on neural and cognitive markers and regulation of emotion in depression is previously presented.展开更多
基于新兴脑调控技术,针对孤独症核心异常,对将重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic atimulation,rTMS)和神经反馈技术(neurofeedback,NFB)应用于孤独症康复的作用机制和效果进行了深入研究.首先利用视觉认知任务,结合量化...基于新兴脑调控技术,针对孤独症核心异常,对将重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic atimulation,rTMS)和神经反馈技术(neurofeedback,NFB)应用于孤独症康复的作用机制和效果进行了深入研究.首先利用视觉认知任务,结合量化脑电(qEEG)分析方法,对与高级认知机制密切相关的皮层Gamma脑电节律在孤独症组和正常组之间进行比较和分析,进一步开展rTMS调控Gamma节律的效果和机制研究;同时,利用ERP视觉实验任务,对孤独症组和正常组的视觉认知机制进行比较研究,并在此基础上开展利用rTMS调控孤独症视觉认知机制的研究;基于孤独症存在脑电Gamma节律异常的这一特征,本文进一步开展了以"40Hz Gamma"脑电信号为操作条件的孤独症神经反馈干预研究.通过设置神经反馈(NFB)方案,来训练孤独症被试对Gamma节律脑电活动的自我控制和调节能力,通过强化和维持Gamma节律脑电活动来改善孤独症的高级认知功能.研究结果表明,rTMS和NFB能够以无损伤的方式,实现对孤独症异常认知和生理机制的调控,改善孤独症异常脑功能,进而减少孤独症的行为异常.展开更多
抑制控制是执行功能的重要组成部分之一,研究表明抑制控制与额叶区域的活动有关。经颅直流电刺激(Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, tDCS)是一种非侵入性的脑刺激技术,可以调节脑区的激活程度。研究表明tDCS刺激额叶的部分区...抑制控制是执行功能的重要组成部分之一,研究表明抑制控制与额叶区域的活动有关。经颅直流电刺激(Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, tDCS)是一种非侵入性的脑刺激技术,可以调节脑区的激活程度。研究表明tDCS刺激额叶的部分区域可以有效干预参与者的抑制控制水平,而这一干预作用会受到刺激位置、刺激类型以及实验任务等条件变化的影响。目前tDCS已应用于不同人群的抑制控制研究,并能与其他研究技术较好的结合。展开更多
目的本研究旨在考察经颅直流电刺激(Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation,tDCS)激活背外侧前额叶(Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,DLPFC)能否有效调节健康大学生的情绪识别加工,并进一步比较刺激左、右侧DLPFC(l-DLPFC/r-DLPFC)...目的本研究旨在考察经颅直流电刺激(Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation,tDCS)激活背外侧前额叶(Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,DLPFC)能否有效调节健康大学生的情绪识别加工,并进一步比较刺激左、右侧DLPFC(l-DLPFC/r-DLPFC)的效应。方法实验采用3(tDCS刺激类型:阳极刺激l-DLPFC,阳极刺激r-DLPFC,假刺激)×3(情绪类型:快乐,愤怒,悲伤)混合设计,被试在接受tDCS刺激的同时完成情绪面孔搜索识别任务。结果(1)与假刺激相比,阳极tDCS刺激l-DLPFC/r-DLPFC对不同情绪面孔搜索识别的影响不存在显著差异;(2)与r-DLPFC相比,tDCS阳极刺激l-DLPFC条件下情绪面孔搜索识别的反应时显著更短;(3)对快乐面孔的搜索识别正确率最高、反应时最短,愤怒面孔的正确率最低、反应时最长。结论对大学生而言,tDCS阳极刺激DLPFC对情绪识别的影响较弱;另外,与r-DLPFC相比,tDCS刺激l-DLPFC对面孔搜索识别的影响可能更强。展开更多
目的:观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴认知灵活性减退患者的静息态功能连接(FC)特征改变及其与认知灵活性的相关性。方法:回顾性分析24例T2DM伴认知灵活性减退的患者(T2DM+CD)、34例不伴认知灵活性减退的T2DM患者(T2DM-CD)以及31例健康对照(HC)...目的:观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴认知灵活性减退患者的静息态功能连接(FC)特征改变及其与认知灵活性的相关性。方法:回顾性分析24例T2DM伴认知灵活性减退的患者(T2DM+CD)、34例不伴认知灵活性减退的T2DM患者(T2DM-CD)以及31例健康对照(HC)。分别对三组受试者使用威斯康辛卡片分类测试(WCST)、斯特鲁普色词测验(Stroop)评估认知灵活性及功能磁共振(fMRI)扫描,观察三组受试者认知灵活性差异、双侧(L. and R.)纹状体(ST)与背外侧前额叶皮质(dlPFC)之间FC的差异,然后分析了认知灵活性与ST-dlPFC通路FC之间的相关,最后进一步分析了T2DM患病状态和认知灵活性对FC改变的交互效应。结果:与T2DM-CD患者及HC相比,T2DM+CD患者WCST总应答数、错误应答数、持续应答数以及用时明显增多,而正确应答数明显减少;Stroop中T2DM+CD患者的正确数、字色矛盾正确数以及字色无关正确数均低于HC。T2DM+CD患者L.ST-L.dlPFC、R.ST-L.dlPFC、R.ST-R.dlPFC之间的FC减低,R.ST-R.dlPFC之间的FC减低与认知灵活性量表评分相关,且T2DM患病状态和认知灵活性对FC的改变存在交互效应。结论:ST-dlPFC之间的FC减低是T2DM特异性认知灵活性受损的神经机制。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82471564)YT is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322035,32171078).
文摘Background Pain sensitivity is critical for preventing non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviours;however,individuals engaging in such behaviours often exhibit decreased pain sensitivity,which may undermine this natural safeguard.The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)is a key region involved in pain regulation,and recent approaches using transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)to target the DLPFC have shown potential for modulating pain processing and restoring normal pain perception for individuals engaging in NSSI behaviours.Aims This study aimed to explore the immediate and short-term effects of a single session of tDCS on pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI,as well as its secondary effects on mood and NSSI-related factors.Methods In this randomised,double-blind,parallel,sham-controlled clinical trial,participants with a history of NSSI were randomly assigned to receive either active or sham tDCS.The intervention consisted of a single 20 min tDCS session targeting the left DLPFC.The primary outcome was pain sensitivity,measured by the pressure pain threshold(PPT)and heat pain score(HPS).Secondary and additional outcomes included NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI,mood-related variables and exploratory cognitive-affective processes such as rumination,self-criticism and self-perceived pain sensitivity,assessed at baseline,immediately post-intervention,and at 24 hours,1 week and 2 weeks follow-ups.Results For the primary outcomes,no significant differences between groups were observed for pain sensitivity(PPT,padj=0.812;HPS,padj=0.608).However,an exploratory sensitivity analysis treating each trial as an individual observation revealed a significant effect on HPS(padj=0.036).For the secondary and additional outcomes,although there were initial improvements in joyful feelings and reductions in negative affect at 2 weeks post-intervention,these effects did not remain significant after multiple comparison corrections.Notably,reductions in rumination were statistically significant at both 1-week and 2-week follow-ups(1 week,p_(adj)=0.040;2 weeks,p_(adj)=0.042).There were no significant effects on NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI or self-criticism.Conclusions A single session of tDCS over the left DLPFC did not produce significant changes in pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI.A sensitivity analysis indicated an effect on heat pain sensitivity,possibly reflecting changes in brain activity,warranting confirmation through neuroimaging.These findings suggest that tDCS warrants further investigation for its potential to influence pain-related cognitive-affective processes in individuals with NSSI.
文摘物质依赖是一种慢性、复发性脑部疾病,给个体及社会带来极大损害。研究发现,经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)可以通过调节背外侧前额叶(dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,DLPFC)脑区的兴奋性降低物质依赖者的渴求,并改善受损的认知功能。tDCS具有副作用小、操作简便、费用低廉等优点,因此在物质依赖治疗领域应用前景广泛。未来应考虑确定最佳的刺激参数及刺激位置,同时考虑物质依赖者的种类及个体差异,与其他疗法结合使用,并进一步深入探索tDCS治疗物质依赖的神经机制。
文摘In the presented short clinical case of depression, the constructs of Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) of loss (negative valence systems) and cognitive control (cognitive systems) have been operationalized. It has been concluded that a normal cognitive control of emotion, requiring the functional and structural integrity of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), is lacking in depression, but its amelioration can be achieved through the implementation of cognitive remediation/rehabilitation programs. A mini-review on neural and cognitive markers and regulation of emotion in depression is previously presented.
文摘基于新兴脑调控技术,针对孤独症核心异常,对将重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic atimulation,rTMS)和神经反馈技术(neurofeedback,NFB)应用于孤独症康复的作用机制和效果进行了深入研究.首先利用视觉认知任务,结合量化脑电(qEEG)分析方法,对与高级认知机制密切相关的皮层Gamma脑电节律在孤独症组和正常组之间进行比较和分析,进一步开展rTMS调控Gamma节律的效果和机制研究;同时,利用ERP视觉实验任务,对孤独症组和正常组的视觉认知机制进行比较研究,并在此基础上开展利用rTMS调控孤独症视觉认知机制的研究;基于孤独症存在脑电Gamma节律异常的这一特征,本文进一步开展了以"40Hz Gamma"脑电信号为操作条件的孤独症神经反馈干预研究.通过设置神经反馈(NFB)方案,来训练孤独症被试对Gamma节律脑电活动的自我控制和调节能力,通过强化和维持Gamma节律脑电活动来改善孤独症的高级认知功能.研究结果表明,rTMS和NFB能够以无损伤的方式,实现对孤独症异常认知和生理机制的调控,改善孤独症异常脑功能,进而减少孤独症的行为异常.
文摘抑制控制是执行功能的重要组成部分之一,研究表明抑制控制与额叶区域的活动有关。经颅直流电刺激(Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, tDCS)是一种非侵入性的脑刺激技术,可以调节脑区的激活程度。研究表明tDCS刺激额叶的部分区域可以有效干预参与者的抑制控制水平,而这一干预作用会受到刺激位置、刺激类型以及实验任务等条件变化的影响。目前tDCS已应用于不同人群的抑制控制研究,并能与其他研究技术较好的结合。
文摘目的本研究旨在考察经颅直流电刺激(Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation,tDCS)激活背外侧前额叶(Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,DLPFC)能否有效调节健康大学生的情绪识别加工,并进一步比较刺激左、右侧DLPFC(l-DLPFC/r-DLPFC)的效应。方法实验采用3(tDCS刺激类型:阳极刺激l-DLPFC,阳极刺激r-DLPFC,假刺激)×3(情绪类型:快乐,愤怒,悲伤)混合设计,被试在接受tDCS刺激的同时完成情绪面孔搜索识别任务。结果(1)与假刺激相比,阳极tDCS刺激l-DLPFC/r-DLPFC对不同情绪面孔搜索识别的影响不存在显著差异;(2)与r-DLPFC相比,tDCS阳极刺激l-DLPFC条件下情绪面孔搜索识别的反应时显著更短;(3)对快乐面孔的搜索识别正确率最高、反应时最短,愤怒面孔的正确率最低、反应时最长。结论对大学生而言,tDCS阳极刺激DLPFC对情绪识别的影响较弱;另外,与r-DLPFC相比,tDCS刺激l-DLPFC对面孔搜索识别的影响可能更强。
文摘目的:观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴认知灵活性减退患者的静息态功能连接(FC)特征改变及其与认知灵活性的相关性。方法:回顾性分析24例T2DM伴认知灵活性减退的患者(T2DM+CD)、34例不伴认知灵活性减退的T2DM患者(T2DM-CD)以及31例健康对照(HC)。分别对三组受试者使用威斯康辛卡片分类测试(WCST)、斯特鲁普色词测验(Stroop)评估认知灵活性及功能磁共振(fMRI)扫描,观察三组受试者认知灵活性差异、双侧(L. and R.)纹状体(ST)与背外侧前额叶皮质(dlPFC)之间FC的差异,然后分析了认知灵活性与ST-dlPFC通路FC之间的相关,最后进一步分析了T2DM患病状态和认知灵活性对FC改变的交互效应。结果:与T2DM-CD患者及HC相比,T2DM+CD患者WCST总应答数、错误应答数、持续应答数以及用时明显增多,而正确应答数明显减少;Stroop中T2DM+CD患者的正确数、字色矛盾正确数以及字色无关正确数均低于HC。T2DM+CD患者L.ST-L.dlPFC、R.ST-L.dlPFC、R.ST-R.dlPFC之间的FC减低,R.ST-R.dlPFC之间的FC减低与认知灵活性量表评分相关,且T2DM患病状态和认知灵活性对FC的改变存在交互效应。结论:ST-dlPFC之间的FC减低是T2DM特异性认知灵活性受损的神经机制。
