Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical,pharmaceutical,and chemical industries as well as in material science.During the last decades,visible-l...Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical,pharmaceutical,and chemical industries as well as in material science.During the last decades,visible-light-promoted photoredox catalysis has emerged as a versatile platform for constructing quinoxalin-2(1H)-one scaffolds under exceptionally mild conditions.In this review,we provide an overview of recent advances in photocatalytic direct C(3)–H functionalization of quinoxaline-2(1H)-ones,including the construction of C(3)–C bonds and C(3)–R_(F)/C/O/N/Cl/S/D bonds,as well as the related reaction mechanisms.We aim to enhance the methods for the reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones at the C-3 position,which have extensive applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission ...Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission are associated with pathophysiological and neurodegenerative disorders,whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 has demonstrated neuroprotective effects.However,it is not yet clear whether diabetes causes alterations in inhibitory input to retinal ganglion cells and whether and how glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina through regulating inhibitory synaptic transmission to retinal ganglion cells.In the present study,we used the patch-clamp technique to recordγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells from streptozotocin-induced diabetes model rats.We found that early diabetes(4 weeks of hyperglycemia)decreased the frequency of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells without altering their amplitude,suggesting a reduction in the spontaneous release ofγ-aminobutyric acid to retinal ganglion cells.Topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops over a period of 2 weeks effectively countered the hyperglycemia-induced downregulation of GABAergic mIPSC frequency,subsequently enhancing the survival of retinal ganglion cells.Concurrently,the protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on retinal ganglion cells in diabetic rats were eliminated by topical administration of exendin-9-39,a specific glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonist,or SR95531,a specific antagonist of theγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor.Furthermore,extracellular perfusion of glucagon-like peptide-1 was found to elevate the frequencies of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in both ON-and OFF-type retinal ganglion cells.This elevation was shown to be mediated by activation of the phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/Ca2+/protein kinase C signaling pathway downstream of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation.Moreover,multielectrode array recordings revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 functionally augmented the photoresponses of ON-type retinal ganglion cells.Optomotor response tests demonstrated that diabetic rats exhibited reductions in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity that were significantly ameliorated by topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1.These results suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 facilitates the release ofγ-aminobutyric acid onto retinal ganglion cells through the activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor,leading to the de-excitation of retinal ganglion cell circuits and the inhibition of excitotoxic processes associated with diabetic retinopathy.Collectively,our findings indicate that theγ-aminobutyric acid system has potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating early-stage diabetic retinopathy.Furthermore,the topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops represents a non-invasive and effective treatment approach for managing early-stage diabetic retinopathy.展开更多
目的探讨生物标志物组合[降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,TIMP-1)]在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pu...目的探讨生物标志物组合[降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,TIMP-1)]在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者预后评估及肺功能监测中的临床价值。方法选取2024年1月至2025年1月接受治疗的216例AECOPD患者作为观察组,同期216例健康体检者作为对照组。采用全自动生化分析仪检测两组受试者血清PCT、D-D、TIMP-1水平,使用肺功能测定仪检测AECOPD患者肺功能。随访6个月,根据随访期内是否发生AECOPD复发或因AECOPD住院将患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组。比较各组间生物标志物水平差异,分析三种生物标志物对AECOPD预后的预测价值及与肺功能的相关性。结果AECOPD患者血清PCT、D-D、TIMP-1水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。预后不良组这三种指标水平显著高于预后良好组(P<0.001)。PCT、D-D、TIMP-1单独检测对AECOPD预后的预测AUC分别为0.782、0.814和0.825,三者联合检测的AUC达0.901。三种生物标志物水平与肺功能指标呈显著负相关(P<0.01),其中TIMP-1与肺功能指标的相关性最强(r=-0.756,P<0.01)。结论PCT、D-D、TIMP-1组合在AECOPD患者预后评估及肺功能监测中具有重要的临床价值,可作为评估AECOPD患者预后及肺功能状态的重要参考指标。展开更多
The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials off...The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials offer unique advantages in photovoltaics due to their tunable optoelectronic properties,high surface area and efficient charge transport capabilities.This review explores recent progress in photovoltaics incorporating 2D materials,focusing on their application as hole and electron transport layers to optimize bandgap alignment,enhance carrier mobility and improve chemical stability.A comprehensive analysis is presented on perovskite solar cells utilizing 2D materials,with a particular focus on strategies to enhance crystallization,passivate defects and improve overall cell efficiency.Additionally,the application of 2D materials in organic solar cells is examined,particularly for reducing recombination losses and enhancing charge extraction through work function modification.Their impact on dye-sensitized solar cells,including catalytic activity and counter electrode performance,is also explored.Finally,the review outlines key challenges,material limitations and performance metrics,offering insight into the future development of nextgeneration photovoltaic devices encouraged by 2D materials.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)in patients with chronic hepatitis C,assess changes in liver function and hepatic fibrosis following treatment,and identify independent predicto...Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)in patients with chronic hepatitis C,assess changes in liver function and hepatic fibrosis following treatment,and identify independent predictors of treatment failure.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included patients who received DAA therapy at Hospital Kuala Lumpur between January 2020 and December 2023.Sustained virologic response(SVR)was assessed at least 12 weeks post-treatment by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for hepatitis C virus(HCV)RNA.Demographic,clinical,and laboratory data were collected and analyzed.Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of treatment failure.Results:A total of 335 patients in the study.The overall SVR rate was 89%.After achieving SVR,significant improvements were observed in liver enzyme levels and non-invasive liver fibrosis scores,whereas the overall Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)scores remained unchanged.Significant independent predictors of treatment failure included non-compliance with DAA therapy[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)68.3;95%confidence interval(95%CI)16.3-285.0;P<0.001],treatment with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir(aOR 6.1;95%CI 1.4-26.5;P=0.015),MELD score of 10-15(aOR 4.6;95%CI 1.1-18.2;P=0.031),HCV genotype 3 infection(aOR 4.5;95%CI 1.1-17.6;P=0.031),and elevated serum total bilirubin level(aOR 1.1;95%CI 1.0-1.1;P=0.003).Conclusions:DAA therapy yielded a high SVR rate,and treatment failure was strongly associated with non-adherence to therapy and advanced liver disease.These findings underscore the necessity of adherence support,early diagnosis,and individualized clinical management to optimize treatment outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C.展开更多
Runway surface roughness significantly influences aircraft vibrations during takeoff and landing,affecting both flight safety and pavement durability.Aircraft operate at high speeds and wide gear spans,making them sen...Runway surface roughness significantly influences aircraft vibrations during takeoff and landing,affecting both flight safety and pavement durability.Aircraft operate at high speeds and wide gear spans,making them sensitive to long-wavelength(15–120 m)and lateral irregularities,which are often overlooked in traditional roughness models.This study aims to construct a three-dimensional runway roughness modeling framework integrating"precise detection-spectrum analysis-spatial reconstruction"in response to this issue.Combining the elevation data of 37 runways(5 asphalt runways and 32 cement runways)measured by a vehicle-mounted laser profilometer and the BeiDou positioning system,the power spectrum analysis was carried out by the Burg method and the spectrum models of asphalt and cement runways were fitted respectively.Meanwhile,a new exponential lateral coherence function was proposed.Finally,the three-dimensional spatial model was reconstructed by using the transfer function and genetic algorithm.The results show that the error of the measured elevation data is less than 1 cm.The spectral characteristics of different pavement types are significantly different.Among them,the R^(2) of the asphalt runway fitted with the Sussman model is greater than 0.9.The cement runway needs to be characterized by a piecewise function to represent the spectral mutation.The fitting error of the new index's lateral coherence function has been reduced to 0.012.The reconstructed three-dimensional model is in good agreement with the theoretical value and the error does not exceed 0.18 mm^(2) m/c.Finally,a three-dimensional model of 0–20 m in the lateral direction and 3000 m in the longitudinal direction is generated,providing support for aircraft vibration simulation and pavement maintenance.展开更多
The Saccostrea mordax Gould,1850 is a typical intertidal species,whose genetic differentiation is influenced by various factors,including geological and climatic changes.To explore the genetic structure and historical...The Saccostrea mordax Gould,1850 is a typical intertidal species,whose genetic differentiation is influenced by various factors,including geological and climatic changes.To explore the genetic structure and historical population characteristics of Saccostrea mordax,we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene from 58 specimens sampled from four locations in the western Pacific.Additionally,103 individuals from the Persian Gulf and western Pacific(from databases)were included for phylogenetic analysis.The Bayesian Inference tree showed that all specimens were divided into two clades,i.e.,the Persian Gulf population and the western Pacific population.Spatial molecular variance analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation between the two populations,and isolation by distance analysis revealed a positive correlation between genetic differentiation and geographic distance.Neutrality tests and Bayesian Skyline Plot suggested that both populations underwent expansions during the late Pleistocene.This study revealed the population history of Saccostrea mordax and described a new lineage,Saccostrea mordax lineage D,providing a foundation for understanding oyster biodiversity formation and genetic resource conservation.展开更多
Hydrogel scaffolds have numerous potential applications in the tissue engineering field.However,tough hydrogel scaffolds implanted in vivo are seldom reported because it is difficult to balance biocompatibility and hi...Hydrogel scaffolds have numerous potential applications in the tissue engineering field.However,tough hydrogel scaffolds implanted in vivo are seldom reported because it is difficult to balance biocompatibility and high mechanical properties.Inspired by Chinese ramen,we propose a universal fabricating method(printing-P,training-T,cross-linking-C,PTC&PCT)for tough hydrogel scaffolds to fill this gap.First,3D printing fabricates a hydrogel scaffold with desired structures(P).Then,the scaffold could have extraordinarily high mechanical properties and functional surface structure by cycle mechanical training with salting-out assistance(T).Finally,the training results are fixed by photo-cross-linking processing(C).The tough gelatin hydrogel scaffolds exhibit excellent tensile strength of 6.66 MPa(622-fold untreated)and have excellent biocompatibility.Furthermore,this scaffold possesses functional surface structures from nanometer to micron to millimeter,which can efficiently induce directional cell growth.Interestingly,this strategy can produce bionic human tissue with mechanical properties of 10 kPa-10 MPa by changing the type of salt,and many hydrogels,such as gelatin and silk,could be improved with PTC or PCT strategies.Animal experiments show that this scaffold can effectively promote the new generation of muscle fibers,blood vessels,and nerves within 4 weeks,prompting the rapid regeneration of large-volume muscle loss injuries.展开更多
目的探讨血浆D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)及血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平在预测创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合中的价值。方法选取2023年3月-2025年3月在巴音郭楞蒙古自治州人民医院诊治的创伤...目的探讨血浆D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)及血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平在预测创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合中的价值。方法选取2023年3月-2025年3月在巴音郭楞蒙古自治州人民医院诊治的创伤性骨折患者115例,3个月后根据患者愈合情况将其分为愈合良好组(78例)和愈合不良组(37例)。比较两组一般资料以及术后1个月血浆D-D及血清PCT、CRP水平。采用Logistic回归分析影响创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的相关因素,并绘制受试者工作曲线(receiver operator characteristic curve,ROC)评估上述指标对创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的预测价值。结果愈合不良组糖尿病比例、术后感染比例、血浆D-D及血清PCT、CRP水平高于愈合良好组(P<0.001);Logistic回归分析结果表明,合并糖尿病(OR=2.071,95%CI=1.039~4.129,P=0.039)、D-D水平(OR=1.697,95%CI=1.111~2.592,P=0.015)、PCT水平(OR=2.298,95%CI=1.078~4.897,P=0.032)、CRP水平(OR=3.370,95%CI=1.236~9.194,P=0.018)是影响创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的独立危险因素(P<0.05);术后1个月血浆D-D、血清PCT、CRP水平及其联合检测预测患者创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.736(95%CI=0.604~0.868)、0.746(95%CI=0.621~0.871)、0.712(95%CI=0.590~0.833)、0.854(95%CI=0.773~0.934),敏感度分别为68.18%、72.73%、68.18%、90.91%,特异度分别为83.33%、79.49%、73.08%、73.08%(P<0.001)。结论血浆D-D及血清PCT、CRP水平升高对创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合有一定的预测价值。展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22101267)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2021M692905 and 2024T170832)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(No.242300421123)Scientific Research Project of Hubei Provincial Education Department,China(No.Q20233104)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2024AFB946).
文摘Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical,pharmaceutical,and chemical industries as well as in material science.During the last decades,visible-light-promoted photoredox catalysis has emerged as a versatile platform for constructing quinoxalin-2(1H)-one scaffolds under exceptionally mild conditions.In this review,we provide an overview of recent advances in photocatalytic direct C(3)–H functionalization of quinoxaline-2(1H)-ones,including the construction of C(3)–C bonds and C(3)–R_(F)/C/O/N/Cl/S/D bonds,as well as the related reaction mechanisms.We aim to enhance the methods for the reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones at the C-3 position,which have extensive applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32070989(to YMZ),31872766(to YMZ),81790640(to XLY),and 82070993(to SJW)the grant from Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No.SZSM202011015(to XLY)。
文摘Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission are associated with pathophysiological and neurodegenerative disorders,whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 has demonstrated neuroprotective effects.However,it is not yet clear whether diabetes causes alterations in inhibitory input to retinal ganglion cells and whether and how glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina through regulating inhibitory synaptic transmission to retinal ganglion cells.In the present study,we used the patch-clamp technique to recordγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells from streptozotocin-induced diabetes model rats.We found that early diabetes(4 weeks of hyperglycemia)decreased the frequency of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells without altering their amplitude,suggesting a reduction in the spontaneous release ofγ-aminobutyric acid to retinal ganglion cells.Topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops over a period of 2 weeks effectively countered the hyperglycemia-induced downregulation of GABAergic mIPSC frequency,subsequently enhancing the survival of retinal ganglion cells.Concurrently,the protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on retinal ganglion cells in diabetic rats were eliminated by topical administration of exendin-9-39,a specific glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonist,or SR95531,a specific antagonist of theγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor.Furthermore,extracellular perfusion of glucagon-like peptide-1 was found to elevate the frequencies of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in both ON-and OFF-type retinal ganglion cells.This elevation was shown to be mediated by activation of the phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/Ca2+/protein kinase C signaling pathway downstream of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation.Moreover,multielectrode array recordings revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 functionally augmented the photoresponses of ON-type retinal ganglion cells.Optomotor response tests demonstrated that diabetic rats exhibited reductions in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity that were significantly ameliorated by topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1.These results suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 facilitates the release ofγ-aminobutyric acid onto retinal ganglion cells through the activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor,leading to the de-excitation of retinal ganglion cell circuits and the inhibition of excitotoxic processes associated with diabetic retinopathy.Collectively,our findings indicate that theγ-aminobutyric acid system has potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating early-stage diabetic retinopathy.Furthermore,the topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops represents a non-invasive and effective treatment approach for managing early-stage diabetic retinopathy.
文摘目的探讨生物标志物组合[降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,TIMP-1)]在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者预后评估及肺功能监测中的临床价值。方法选取2024年1月至2025年1月接受治疗的216例AECOPD患者作为观察组,同期216例健康体检者作为对照组。采用全自动生化分析仪检测两组受试者血清PCT、D-D、TIMP-1水平,使用肺功能测定仪检测AECOPD患者肺功能。随访6个月,根据随访期内是否发生AECOPD复发或因AECOPD住院将患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组。比较各组间生物标志物水平差异,分析三种生物标志物对AECOPD预后的预测价值及与肺功能的相关性。结果AECOPD患者血清PCT、D-D、TIMP-1水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。预后不良组这三种指标水平显著高于预后良好组(P<0.001)。PCT、D-D、TIMP-1单独检测对AECOPD预后的预测AUC分别为0.782、0.814和0.825,三者联合检测的AUC达0.901。三种生物标志物水平与肺功能指标呈显著负相关(P<0.01),其中TIMP-1与肺功能指标的相关性最强(r=-0.756,P<0.01)。结论PCT、D-D、TIMP-1组合在AECOPD患者预后评估及肺功能监测中具有重要的临床价值,可作为评估AECOPD患者预后及肺功能状态的重要参考指标。
基金supported by the IITP(Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation)-ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT) (IITP-2025-RS-2024-00437191, and RS-2025-02303505)partly supported by the Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) grant funded by the Ministry of Education. (No. 2022R1A6C101A774)the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia, through Large Research Project under grant number RGP-2/527/46
文摘The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials offer unique advantages in photovoltaics due to their tunable optoelectronic properties,high surface area and efficient charge transport capabilities.This review explores recent progress in photovoltaics incorporating 2D materials,focusing on their application as hole and electron transport layers to optimize bandgap alignment,enhance carrier mobility and improve chemical stability.A comprehensive analysis is presented on perovskite solar cells utilizing 2D materials,with a particular focus on strategies to enhance crystallization,passivate defects and improve overall cell efficiency.Additionally,the application of 2D materials in organic solar cells is examined,particularly for reducing recombination losses and enhancing charge extraction through work function modification.Their impact on dye-sensitized solar cells,including catalytic activity and counter electrode performance,is also explored.Finally,the review outlines key challenges,material limitations and performance metrics,offering insight into the future development of nextgeneration photovoltaic devices encouraged by 2D materials.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)in patients with chronic hepatitis C,assess changes in liver function and hepatic fibrosis following treatment,and identify independent predictors of treatment failure.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included patients who received DAA therapy at Hospital Kuala Lumpur between January 2020 and December 2023.Sustained virologic response(SVR)was assessed at least 12 weeks post-treatment by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for hepatitis C virus(HCV)RNA.Demographic,clinical,and laboratory data were collected and analyzed.Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of treatment failure.Results:A total of 335 patients in the study.The overall SVR rate was 89%.After achieving SVR,significant improvements were observed in liver enzyme levels and non-invasive liver fibrosis scores,whereas the overall Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)scores remained unchanged.Significant independent predictors of treatment failure included non-compliance with DAA therapy[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)68.3;95%confidence interval(95%CI)16.3-285.0;P<0.001],treatment with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir(aOR 6.1;95%CI 1.4-26.5;P=0.015),MELD score of 10-15(aOR 4.6;95%CI 1.1-18.2;P=0.031),HCV genotype 3 infection(aOR 4.5;95%CI 1.1-17.6;P=0.031),and elevated serum total bilirubin level(aOR 1.1;95%CI 1.0-1.1;P=0.003).Conclusions:DAA therapy yielded a high SVR rate,and treatment failure was strongly associated with non-adherence to therapy and advanced liver disease.These findings underscore the necessity of adherence support,early diagnosis,and individualized clinical management to optimize treatment outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52402430,52572380)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.23ZR1466300).
文摘Runway surface roughness significantly influences aircraft vibrations during takeoff and landing,affecting both flight safety and pavement durability.Aircraft operate at high speeds and wide gear spans,making them sensitive to long-wavelength(15–120 m)and lateral irregularities,which are often overlooked in traditional roughness models.This study aims to construct a three-dimensional runway roughness modeling framework integrating"precise detection-spectrum analysis-spatial reconstruction"in response to this issue.Combining the elevation data of 37 runways(5 asphalt runways and 32 cement runways)measured by a vehicle-mounted laser profilometer and the BeiDou positioning system,the power spectrum analysis was carried out by the Burg method and the spectrum models of asphalt and cement runways were fitted respectively.Meanwhile,a new exponential lateral coherence function was proposed.Finally,the three-dimensional spatial model was reconstructed by using the transfer function and genetic algorithm.The results show that the error of the measured elevation data is less than 1 cm.The spectral characteristics of different pavement types are significantly different.Among them,the R^(2) of the asphalt runway fitted with the Sussman model is greater than 0.9.The cement runway needs to be characterized by a piecewise function to represent the spectral mutation.The fitting error of the new index's lateral coherence function has been reduced to 0.012.The reconstructed three-dimensional model is in good agreement with the theoretical value and the error does not exceed 0.18 mm^(2) m/c.Finally,a three-dimensional model of 0–20 m in the lateral direction and 3000 m in the longitudinal direction is generated,providing support for aircraft vibration simulation and pavement maintenance.
基金Supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(No.2023CXGC010411)the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2023YFD2400800,2022YFD2401301,2022FY100304)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42076092,41906083,41776179)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB42000000)the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(No.CARS-47)。
文摘The Saccostrea mordax Gould,1850 is a typical intertidal species,whose genetic differentiation is influenced by various factors,including geological and climatic changes.To explore the genetic structure and historical population characteristics of Saccostrea mordax,we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene from 58 specimens sampled from four locations in the western Pacific.Additionally,103 individuals from the Persian Gulf and western Pacific(from databases)were included for phylogenetic analysis.The Bayesian Inference tree showed that all specimens were divided into two clades,i.e.,the Persian Gulf population and the western Pacific population.Spatial molecular variance analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation between the two populations,and isolation by distance analysis revealed a positive correlation between genetic differentiation and geographic distance.Neutrality tests and Bayesian Skyline Plot suggested that both populations underwent expansions during the late Pleistocene.This study revealed the population history of Saccostrea mordax and described a new lineage,Saccostrea mordax lineage D,providing a foundation for understanding oyster biodiversity formation and genetic resource conservation.
基金supported by the Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2121004)Key Programme(52235007)National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China(52325504).
文摘Hydrogel scaffolds have numerous potential applications in the tissue engineering field.However,tough hydrogel scaffolds implanted in vivo are seldom reported because it is difficult to balance biocompatibility and high mechanical properties.Inspired by Chinese ramen,we propose a universal fabricating method(printing-P,training-T,cross-linking-C,PTC&PCT)for tough hydrogel scaffolds to fill this gap.First,3D printing fabricates a hydrogel scaffold with desired structures(P).Then,the scaffold could have extraordinarily high mechanical properties and functional surface structure by cycle mechanical training with salting-out assistance(T).Finally,the training results are fixed by photo-cross-linking processing(C).The tough gelatin hydrogel scaffolds exhibit excellent tensile strength of 6.66 MPa(622-fold untreated)and have excellent biocompatibility.Furthermore,this scaffold possesses functional surface structures from nanometer to micron to millimeter,which can efficiently induce directional cell growth.Interestingly,this strategy can produce bionic human tissue with mechanical properties of 10 kPa-10 MPa by changing the type of salt,and many hydrogels,such as gelatin and silk,could be improved with PTC or PCT strategies.Animal experiments show that this scaffold can effectively promote the new generation of muscle fibers,blood vessels,and nerves within 4 weeks,prompting the rapid regeneration of large-volume muscle loss injuries.
文摘目的探讨血浆D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)及血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平在预测创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合中的价值。方法选取2023年3月-2025年3月在巴音郭楞蒙古自治州人民医院诊治的创伤性骨折患者115例,3个月后根据患者愈合情况将其分为愈合良好组(78例)和愈合不良组(37例)。比较两组一般资料以及术后1个月血浆D-D及血清PCT、CRP水平。采用Logistic回归分析影响创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的相关因素,并绘制受试者工作曲线(receiver operator characteristic curve,ROC)评估上述指标对创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的预测价值。结果愈合不良组糖尿病比例、术后感染比例、血浆D-D及血清PCT、CRP水平高于愈合良好组(P<0.001);Logistic回归分析结果表明,合并糖尿病(OR=2.071,95%CI=1.039~4.129,P=0.039)、D-D水平(OR=1.697,95%CI=1.111~2.592,P=0.015)、PCT水平(OR=2.298,95%CI=1.078~4.897,P=0.032)、CRP水平(OR=3.370,95%CI=1.236~9.194,P=0.018)是影响创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的独立危险因素(P<0.05);术后1个月血浆D-D、血清PCT、CRP水平及其联合检测预测患者创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合的ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.736(95%CI=0.604~0.868)、0.746(95%CI=0.621~0.871)、0.712(95%CI=0.590~0.833)、0.854(95%CI=0.773~0.934),敏感度分别为68.18%、72.73%、68.18%、90.91%,特异度分别为83.33%、79.49%、73.08%、73.08%(P<0.001)。结论血浆D-D及血清PCT、CRP水平升高对创伤性骨折患者伤口及骨折愈合有一定的预测价值。
